DOCSLIB.ORG

Zonotrichia Leucophrys Pugetensis)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zonotrichia Leucophrys Pugetensis) Transmission of Structurally Distinct Song Phrases in the White-Crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis) Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Erica Marie Szeyller-Macolley, B.A. Graduate Program in Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University 2012 Master’s Examination Committee: Dr. Douglas A. Nelson, Advisor Dr. W. Mitch Masters Dr. J. Andrew Roberts Dr. Angelika Poesel Copyright by Erica Marie Szeyller-Macolley 2012 Abstract Birdsong in many species has evolved to transmit over long distances to potential mates and competitors. Song can be structurally complex, often consisting of many different components. Variation in the frequency and duration of these components may influence attenuation and degradation of songs as they transmit through the environment. Habitat structure will also affect attenuation and degradation of certain song traits and influence what information is available for receivers. To understand how variation in song and habitat structure may affect song degradation during transmission, we broadcast songs of the Puget Sound white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis, in two different habitats commonly occupied by the species. The song of this species contains four structurally and functionally distinct phrases (whistle, note complex, buzz, and trill), thirteen examples of which were broadcast over two biologically relevant distances (48 m and 96 m). Spectrogram cross-correlation between the song phrases recorded at 48 and 96 m, and undegraded model songs provided a measure of song degradation. Overall, sound attenuation and degradation increased from 48 to 96 meters. Transmission fidelity differed among phrases; in particular, whistle phrases showed less degradation and attenuation than other phrases. Despite the high average transmission fidelity, whistle phrases were misclassified more often and were most similar among ii phrase examples than any other phrase, indicating that simple whistles may be potentially difficult for receivers to discriminate amongst. Conversely, the acoustically diverse note complex phrases were the least likely to be misclassified and were most dissimilar among phrase examples. Transmission of song phrases differed between the two habitats. Phrases were more attenuated and degraded as well as more similar after degradation in an open dune habitat (Bullard’s Beach) while there was more reverberation in a forest edge habitat (Cape Blanco). Lastly, phrases attenuated and degraded similarly within each site. Certain phrases propagate and are potentially perceived differently than others, thus supporting a correlation between signal structure and function. Simple tonal whistles resist attenuation and degradation and may alert listeners to the individual- and dialect- identifying information in acoustically complex note complexes and trills that follow. While the note complex and trill phrase attenuate and degrade more than the whistle phrase over transmission, their structural complexity nevertheless may contain sufficient redundancy that allows them to be more easily discriminated. iii Acknowledgements First and foremost, I am thankful for the guidance and support of my advisor, Douglas A. Nelson as well as for the thoughtful advice from present and past committee members, Angelika Poesel, W. Mitch Masters, J. Andrew Roberts, and Amanda Rodewald. A number of graduate students helped immensely with my project. In particular, I would like to thank Jimmy Chiucchi, Brandon Sinn, and Jessica Hall for their statistical, writing, and presentation guidance. Also, thanks to Stephanie Wright, Dee Bolen, Desiree Narango, and Laura Kearns for lively pizza-fueled discussions on theory and methods in animal behavior. At Ohio State, I have been fortunate to work with a number of inspiring teachers that have helped me learn and grow as an instructor. In particular, I want to thank Cindy Bronson, Jimmy Chiucchi, John Harder, Douglas A. Nelson, Angelika Poesel, Joe Raczkowski, and Judy Ridgway. Throughout my time here, I have been lucky enough to surround myself with friends & family who have provided me with unwavering emotional support, confidence, and lots of laughter through this process. Most special thanks, to my husband Brent for seeing me through every step of this process with patience, thought, understanding, and most importantly humor. iv Vita June 2004 .......................................................B. Reed Henderson High School May 2008 .......................................................B.A. Psychology, West Chester University August 2008 to present .................................Graduate Teaching Associate, Department of EEOB, The Ohio State University Awards 2010-2011 Dept. of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology Graduate Teaching Award. Presented June 2011. Publications Published Abstracts of Presentations at Professional Meetings Johnson, V. K., Gans, S. E., Kerr, S., LaValle, W., Bee, S., Szeyller, E., and Wonsock, G. (March, 2007). Emotion coping and adolescent behavior problems: Validating the TMMS. Poster presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Boston, MA. Szeyller-Macolley, E., Poesel, A., and Nelson, D. A. (August, 2011). Transmission of structurally distinct song phrases in the white-crowned sparrow. Poster presented at the Joint Meeting of the Animal Behavior Society and the International Ethological Conference, Bloomington, IN. Szeyller-Macolley, E., Poesel, A., and Nelson, D. A. (April, 2012). Transmission and reception of structurally distinct song phrases in the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis). Talk presented at the 19th Annual Animal Behavior Conference, Bloomington, IN. v Fields of Study Major Field: Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology vi Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ iv Vita ...................................................................................................................................... v List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... ix List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... x Chapter 1: Acoustic Communication in Songbirds ............................................................ 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 Signaling Modalities ....................................................................................................... 2 Properties of Sound ......................................................................................................... 5 Song Production .............................................................................................................. 6 Sound Transmission ........................................................................................................ 7 Sound Reception ........................................................................................................... 11 Signaling Ecology ......................................................................................................... 13 Song Structure Function and Evolution ........................................................................ 14 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 2: Transmission of Structurally Distinct Song Phrases in the White-Crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys pugetensis) .................................................................. 19 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 19 Methods ......................................................................................................................... 23 Sites ........................................................................................................................... 23 Sound File Preparation .............................................................................................. 23 Sound Transmission Trials ........................................................................................ 24 Sound Analysis .......................................................................................................... 25 Results ........................................................................................................................... 27 Interaction of Sites and Song Phrases........................................................................ 27 Song Phrases .............................................................................................................. 28 vii Sites ........................................................................................................................... 30 Discussion ..................................................................................................................... 32 Interaction of Sites and Song Phrases.......................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The First Central American Record of White-Throated Sparrow Zonotrichia Albicollis
    Cotinga 26 The first Central American record of White-throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis Oliver Komar,Adri de Gelder†, Kerem A. Boyla, George Angehr, Philip Balderamos and Gary Allport Received 22 August 2005; final revision accepted 22 December 2005 Cotinga 26(2006): 43–45 Reportamos un vagabundo de Gorrión Gorjiblanco Zonotrichia albicollis en el cayo Half Moon, a 73 km al sureste de la Ciudad de Belice, siendo el primer registro de esta especie norteamericana para Belice y para América Central. El ave apareció en la isla pequeña al mismo tiempo que se encontraban varias aves transeuntes que migraban hacía el norte. Especulamos que el gorrión hizo una parada durante su migración después de invernar más al sur. On 18 May 2005, we visited tiny Half Moon Caye, darker grey breast and cheeks. Other field marks at the edge of Lighthouse Reef, 73 km south-east of clearly noted were the streaked brown back, brown Belize City, Belize, in the western Caribbean. The wings with two indistinct wingbars, long brown, island covers just c.18 ha; it has sandy wooded slightly notched tail, pale grey rear underparts, thickets on the western four-fifths, and open, buffy flanks and pink legs. It occasionally gave a coconut Cocos nucifera-shaded beach on the eastern characteristic very high tseeet. end. The caye harbours a nesting colony of Red- The sparrow often sought the shade of young footed Booby Sula sula and Magnificent coconut palms or piles of dried palm fronds. Frigatebird Fregata magnificens. Although it picked frequently amongst the sand, we At 07h45, near the Belize Audubon reserve were unable to see if the bird found food, although headquarters on the north-facing beach at the east some seeds from the sparse beach grass and other end of the island (17°12’N 87°32’W), AdG found a plants, as well as small ants and other insects, largish sparrow on drying coconut fronds between probably were in the sand.
    [Show full text]
  • Materialzusammenstellung Zum Wohnungsbestand Und Zur Bautätigkeit
    Arbeitsmaterial (4): Informationen zum Gebäude- und Wohnungsbestand und zur Bautätigkeit im Wohnungsbau - 2 - A. Gebäude- und Wohnungsbestand der Gemeinde 1 In der Gemeinde Wedemark gab es Ende 2010 insgesamt 8.203 Wohngebäude . Hiervon waren 5.989 Einfamilienhäuser (EFH), 1.598 Zweifamilienhäuser (2-FH) und 616 Mehrfamilienhäuser (MFH; Gebäude mit 3 und mehr Wohnungen). Somit waren annähernd 3/4 der Wohngebäude Einfamilienhäuser. Ein Vergleich der Anteile der verschiedenen Typen von Wohngebäuden mit verschiedenen Nachbarkommunen sowie dem Regionsdurchschnitt und jenem Niedersachsens ergibt folgendes Bild [die höchsten Werte sind jeweils grau hinterlegt]: Anteile der Wohngebäudetypen in ausgewählten Gebietseinheiten in % (2010) EFH 2-FH MFH Niedersachsen 70,17 18,13 11,70 Region Hannover 59,84 17,38 22,79 Burgwedel 73,12 17,96 8,91 Garbsen 63,12 17,68 19,20 Isernhagen 74,89 16,00 9,10 Langenhagen 62,94 15,62 21,44 Neustadt 69,81 21,03 9,16 Wedemark 73,01 19,48 7,51 In den Werten spiegelt sich die Struktur des Gemeindegebietes mit vielen kleineren Ortsteilen und ohne großes städtisches Zentrum wider; dies wird besonders an Hand des geringen Anteiles an Mehrfamilienhäusern deutlich. Dies schlägt noch deutlicher im Bestand an Wohnungen in Wohngebäuden durch: Anteile der Wohnungen nach Wohngebäudetypen 2 in % (2010) EFH 2-FH MFH Niedersachsen 39,39 20,35 40,26 Region Hannover 22,23 12,91 64,85 Burgwedel 46,51 22,85 30,64 Garbsen 28,36 15,94 55,75 Isernhagen 46,60 19,92 33,48 Langenhagen 25,58 12,69 61,73 Neustadt 42,81 25,80 31,39 Wedemark 48,58 25,92 25,50 Mit im Durchschnitt 5,1 Wohnungen je MFH hat von den aufgeführten Kommunen die Wedemark auch die „kleinsten“ Mehrfamilienhäuser.
    [Show full text]
  • Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with Birds Observed Off-Campus During BIOL3400 Field Course
    Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with birds observed off-campus during BIOL3400 Field course Photo Credit: Talton Cooper Species Descriptions and Photos by students of BIOL3400 Edited by Troy A. Ladine Photo Credit: Kenneth Anding Links to Tables, Figures, and Species accounts for birds observed during May-term course or winter bird counts. Figure 1. Location of Environmental Studies Area Table. 1. Number of species and number of days observing birds during the field course from 2005 to 2016 and annual statistics. Table 2. Compilation of species observed during May 2005 - 2016 on campus and off-campus. Table 3. Number of days, by year, species have been observed on the campus of ETBU. Table 4. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during the off-campus trips. Table 5. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during a winter count of birds on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Table 6. Species observed from 1 September to 1 October 2009 on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Alphabetical Listing of Birds with authors of accounts and photographers . A Acadian Flycatcher B Anhinga B Belted Kingfisher Alder Flycatcher Bald Eagle Travis W. Sammons American Bittern Shane Kelehan Bewick's Wren Lynlea Hansen Rusty Collier Black Phoebe American Coot Leslie Fletcher Black-throated Blue Warbler Jordan Bartlett Jovana Nieto Jacob Stone American Crow Baltimore Oriole Black Vulture Zane Gruznina Pete Fitzsimmons Jeremy Alexander Darius Roberts George Plumlee Blair Brown Rachel Hastie Janae Wineland Brent Lewis American Goldfinch Barn Swallow Keely Schlabs Kathleen Santanello Katy Gifford Black-and-white Warbler Matthew Armendarez Jordan Brewer Sheridan A.
    [Show full text]
  • L O U I S I a N A
    L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS Written by Bill Fontenot and Richard DeMay Photography by Greg Lavaty and Richard DeMay Designed and Illustrated by Diane K. Baker What is a Sparrow? Generally, sparrows are characterized as New World sparrows belong to the bird small, gray or brown-streaked, conical-billed family Emberizidae. Here in North America, birds that live on or near the ground. The sparrows are divided into 13 genera, which also cryptic blend of gray, white, black, and brown includes the towhees (genus Pipilo), longspurs hues which comprise a typical sparrow’s color (genus Calcarius), juncos (genus Junco), and pattern is the result of tens of thousands of Lark Bunting (genus Calamospiza) – all of sparrow generations living in grassland and which are technically sparrows. Emberizidae is brushland habitats. The triangular or cone- a large family, containing well over 300 species shaped bills inherent to most all sparrow species are perfectly adapted for a life of granivory – of crushing and husking seeds. “Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Sparrows possess well-developed claws on their toes, the evolutionary result of so much time spent on the ground, scratching for seeds only seven species breed here...” through leaf litter and other duff. Additionally, worldwide, 50 of which occur in the United most species incorporate a substantial amount States on a regular basis, and 33 of which have of insect, spider, snail, and other invertebrate been recorded for Louisiana. food items into their diets, especially during Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Opposite page: Bachman Sparrow the spring and summer months.
    [Show full text]
  • Kurzportrait
    Spichernstraße 11 B Fon (0511) 600 87 836 [email protected] 30161 Hannover Fax (0511) 600 87 840 www.pro-beruf.de Kurzportrait Die Jobcenter Region Hannover betreuen seit Januar 2005 die Bezieher von Arbeitslosengeld II in der Region Hannover. Rund 1600 Mitarbeiterinnen Bus und Mitarbeiter sind an 20 Standorten < 128 > Ansprechpartner für die Kunden der etwa 61 500 Bedarfsgemeinschaften der Region Hannover. Das Jobcenter unterstützt Menschen auf ihrem Weg in die Erwerbstätigkeit und trägt so dazu bei, dass der Lebensunterhalt aus eigenen Mitteln und Kräften bestritten werden kann. Es unterstützt auch die Beibehaltung einer Erwerbstätigkeit und sichert den Lebensunterhalt, wenn dies auf andere Weise nicht erreicht werden kann. Stadtbahnlinien 1 | 2 –> Haltestelle Werderstraße COMPAS Buslinie 128 –> Haltestelle Kriegerstraße Beratungsangebot Für geflüchtete Personen, Migrantinnen und Migranten aus dem Norden der Region Hannover Stand 03/2019 Ein Projekt im Auftrag der / des Fotos: www.photocase.de –> Titelseite: David-W- Innenseiten: 1| simonthon.com, 2| cydonna, 3| David-W- Wer . Was . Wie . Zielgruppe Inhalte Zugang –> Geflüchtete, Migrantinnen und Migranten –> Aufnahme der Schul- und Berufsbiographie –> Offene Sprechstunden –> Vermittlung in Sprachkurse –> Individuelle Terminvereinbarungen in den Ziele –> Klärung des Zugangs zu Bildungs-, Sprechstunden oder telefonisch –> Förderung der Sozialen- und Arbeitsmarkt- Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsplatzsuche integration –> Suche und Erhalt von bedarfsgerechtem Wohnraum –> Wohnraumsicherung –> Unterstützung
    [Show full text]
  • Artificial Water Catchments Influence Wildlife Distribution in the Mojave
    The Journal of Wildlife Management; DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21654 Research Article Artificial Water Catchments Influence Wildlife Distribution in the Mojave Desert LINDSEY N. RICH,1,2 Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California- Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall 3114, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA STEVEN R. BEISSINGER, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California- Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall 3114, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA JUSTIN S. BRASHARES, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California- Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall 3114, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA BRETT J. FURNAS, Wildlife Investigations Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670, USA ABSTRACT Water often limits the distribution and productivity of wildlife in arid environments. Consequently, resource managers have constructed artificial water catchments (AWCs) in deserts of the southwestern United States, assuming that additional free water benefits wildlife. We tested this assumption by using data from acoustic and camera trap surveys to determine whether AWCs influenced the distributions of terrestrial mammals (>0.5 kg), birds, and bats in the Mojave Desert, California, USA. We sampled 200 sites in 2016–2017 using camera traps and acoustic recording units, 52 of which had AWCs. We identified detections to the species-level, and modeled occupancy for each of the 44 species of wildlife photographed or recorded. Artificial water catchments explained spatial variation in occupancy for 8 terrestrial mammals, 4 bats, and 18 bird species. Occupancy of 18 species was strongly and positively associated with AWCs, whereas 1 species (i.e., horned lark [Eremophila alpestris]) was negatively associated. Access to an AWC had a larger influence on species’ distributions than precipitation and slope and was nearly as influential as temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Klimaschutz-Aktionsprogramm Der Gemeinde Wedemark ______
    Im Auftrag der Gemeinde Wedemark: Klimaschutzagentur Region Hannover GmbH 30159 Hannover Hannover, November 2010 Erarbeitet von Oktober 2009 bis Juni 2010 von der Klimaschutzagentur Region Hannover GmbH in einer Kooperation mit der Gemeinde Wedemark und der E.ON Avacon AG, gefördert vom Bundesum- weltministerium im Rahmen der Nationalen Klimaschutz- initiative. Erstellt unter Mitwirkung von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern, Ak- teuren aus Wirtschaft, Verei- nen, Verbänden und der Verwaltung der Gemeinde Wedemark, in enger Kooperation mit der Umwelt- schutzbeauftragten Ursula Schwertmann. Klimaschutzagentur Region Hannover GmbH Dipl.-Geogr. Udo Sahling (Geschäftsführer) Dipl.-Ing. Udo Scherer Dipl.-Wirt. Ing. Christiane Dietrich Dipl.-Geogr. Tina Wostradowski Dipl.-Umweltwiss. Mareike Bußkamp U.plus - Agentur für Umweltkommunikation Heike Hanisch (Veranstaltungsmoderation) e4 Consult, Dipl.-Ing. Dedo von Krosigk (Emissionsbilanz und Potenzialabschätzung Energie) Dipl. Ing. Benedikt Siepe - Energieberater (Verbrauchsdatenauswertung öffentlicher Gebäude) _____________________ Klimaschutz-Aktionsprogramm der Gemeinde Wedemark ______________________ Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis .............................................................................................................................1 Einführung ........................................................................................................................................3 1. Rahmenbedingungen und Ausgangspunkt für das Klimaschutz-Aktionsprogramm der Wedemark ..................................................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • Headphone Evaluation for App-Based Automated Mobile Hearing Screening
    THIEME 358 Original Research Headphone Evaluation for App-Based Automated Mobile Hearing Screening Adam W. Pickens1 LakshmiDakuriRobertson1 Matthew Lee Smith2,3 Qi Zheng4 Sejun Song5 1 Texas A&M Ergonomics Center, Department of Environmental and Address for correspondence Adam W. Pickens, PhD, MPH, Texas A&M Occupational Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center (TAMHSC) Health Science Center School of Public Health, 1266 TAMU, College School of Public Health, College Station, TX, United States Station, TX 77843-1266, United States 2 Center for Population Health and Aging, Department of Environmental (e-mail: [email protected]). and Occupational Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center (TAMHSC) School of Public Health, College Station, TX, United States 3 Department of Health Promotion & Behavior, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States 4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center (TAMHSC) School of Public Health, College Station, TX, United States 5 University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Computing and Engineering, Kansas City, MO, United States Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018;22:358–363. Abstract Introduction With the need for hearing screenings increasing across multiple populations, a need for automated options has been identified. This research seeks to evaluate the hardware requirements for automated hearing screenings using a mobile application. Objective Evaluation of headphone hardware for use with an app-based mobile screening application. Methods For the purposes of this study, hEAR, a Bekesy-based mobile application designed by the research team, was compared with pure tone audiometric tests administered by an audiologist. Both hEAR and the audiologist’s test used 7 frequen- cies (125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1,000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4,000 Hz and 8,000 Hz) adopting four different sets of commercially available headphones.
    [Show full text]
  • Differential Migration, Molt and Departure Date in White-Throated Sparrows, Zonotrichia Albicollis
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2001 Differential Migration, Molt and Departure Date in White-Throated Sparrows, Zonotrichia albicollis Kendell Jenkins College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Jenkins, Kendell, "Differential Migration, Molt and Departure Date in White-Throated Sparrows, Zonotrichia albicollis" (2001). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539626305. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-f7cp-4836 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DIFFERENTIAL MIGRATION, MOLT AND DEPARTURE DATE IN WHITE-THROATED SPARROWS, ZONOTRICHIA ALBICOLLIS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Biology The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Kendell Jenkins May, 2001 ProQuest Number: 10630084 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10630084 Published by ProQuest LLC (2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Illinois Birds: Volume 4 – Sparrows, Weaver Finches and Longspurs © 2013, Edges, Fence Rows, Thickets and Grain Fields
    ILLINOIS BIRDS : Volume 4 SPARROWS, WEAVER FINCHES and LONGSPURS male Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder female Photo © John Cassady Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Mary Kay Rubey Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder American tree sparrow chipping sparrow field sparrow vesper sparrow eastern towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus Spizella arborea Spizella passerina Spizella pusilla Pooecetes gramineus Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder lark sparrow savannah sparrow grasshopper sparrow Henslow’s sparrow fox sparrow song sparrow Chondestes grammacus Passerculus sandwichensis Ammodramus savannarum Ammodramus henslowii Passerella iliaca Melospiza melodia Photo © Brian Tang Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Lincoln’s sparrow swamp sparrow white-throated sparrow white-crowned sparrow dark-eyed junco Le Conte’s sparrow Melospiza lincolnii Melospiza georgiana Zonotrichia albicollis Zonotrichia leucophrys Junco hyemalis Ammodramus leconteii Photo © Brian Tang winter Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder summer Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Photo © Mark Bowman winter Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder summer Photo © Rob Curtis, The Early Birder Nelson’s sparrow
    [Show full text]
  • Geographic Variation in the Song of the Rufous-Collared Sparrow in Eastern Argentina ’
    The Condor95:588-595 0 The Cooper Ornithological Society 1993 GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN THE SONG OF THE RUFOUS-COLLARED SPARROW IN EASTERN ARGENTINA ’ PABLO L. TUBARO AND ENRIQUE T. SEGURA Laboratorio de Fisiologia de1Comportamiento, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental. Obligado2490. 1428 BuenosAires, Argentina PAUL HANDFORD Department of Zoology, Universityof WesternOntario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada Abstract. Variation in trill features of Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis) song is described in three sites located on the northeast coast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. There is a distinctive “talar” dialect in sites supportingnatural woodlands. This dialect is characterizedby slower trills with lower minimum frequenciesthan the one present in the open grassyfields (“steppe” dialect). Talar dialect is absent in a site where natural woodlands have been replaced by grassyfields and open man-made parks, suggestingthat the vocal tradition changedafter habitat modification. Detailed analysis reveals that talar and steppe dialects intergrade in a songcline, following the vegetational ecotone. This song cline has been stable in location and featuresduring the last decade, even though there were no geographicbarriers impairing population or cultural exchangebetween habitats. Key words: Rufous-collaredSparrow: Zonotrichia capensis;trill variation; dialect; song cline. INTRODUCTION thus giving rise to regional dialects (Nottebohm Bird song dialects, that is, particular types of 1969, 1975; Handford 1981, 1988; Lougheed et songsshared by birds inhabiting the same area, al. 1989). Rufous-collared Sparrow dialects have have been describedin several species(see Mun- been well studied in northwestern Argentina dinger 1982). Two of the most studied are the where there is a strong pattern of habitat varia- White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leuco- tion with longitude and altitude (Ring 1972; Not- phrys) (see Baker and Cunningham 1985, tebohm 1975; Handford and Nottebohm 1976; Kroodsma et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Press Release
    PRESS RELEASE Sennheiser withdraws from the cockpit – ATC business remains Wedemark, 18 November 2015 – Audio specialist Sennheiser is to withdraw from the pilots’ headset business from March 2016. The company will fulfil all its obligations for servicing and spare parts throughout the full guarantee period for its headsets. Headsets for the air traffic control (ATC) sector are not affected by this decision, but will continue to be marketed with the current ATC team under the responsibility of the joint venture Sennheiser Communications. “Our decision to leave the pilots’ headset sector was not taken lightly, especially as we have played a key role in the development of audio transmission in the cockpit, for example by introducing the world’s first headset with active noise compensation to receive FAA-TSO certification,” explained COO Peter Claussen. “We will redirect our aviation-specific resources to focus on our key business of headphone and microphone technology.” The company will, of course, fulfil all its servicing and guarantee obligations; generous transition periods have been agreed with airline and equipment partners. “Even after all legal obligations have expired, support can certainly still be offered in individual cases,” Peter Claussen confirmed. Air traffic control headsets are to remain part of the Sennheiser product portfolio, and the current ATC team will join the headset specialists at Sennheiser Communications from January 2016. Andreas Bach, President of Sennheiser Communications, commented: “We are thrilled that we will be marketing the highly successful Sennheiser ATC headsets, and see great opportunities by exploiting the synergies that exist between the ATC business and our CC&O segment.
    [Show full text]