Preface, Sponsors and Committees
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Hong Kong SAR
China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement May 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC .......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 44 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 45 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 52 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC -
China's Strategic Modernization: Implications for the United States
CHINA’S STRATEGIC MODERNIZATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES Mark A. Stokes September 1999 ***** The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of the Air Force, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 122 Forbes Ave., Carlisle, PA 17013-5244. Copies of this report may be obtained from the Publications and Production Office by calling commercial (717) 245-4133, FAX (717) 245-3820, or via the Internet at [email protected] ***** Selected 1993, 1994, and all later Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) monographs are available on the SSI Homepage for electronic dissemination. SSI’s Homepage address is: http://carlisle-www.army. mil/usassi/welcome.htm ***** The Strategic Studies Institute publishes a monthly e-mail newsletter to update the national security community on the research of our analysts, recent and forthcoming publications, and upcoming conferences sponsored by the Institute. Each newsletter also provides a strategic commentary by one of our research analysts. If you are interested in receiving this newsletter, please let us know by e-mail at [email protected] or by calling (717) 245-3133. ISBN 1-58487-004-4 ii CONTENTS Foreword .......................................v 1. Introduction ...................................1 2. Foundations of Strategic Modernization ............5 3. China’s Quest for Information Dominance ......... 25 4. -
The Legacy of Tiananmen: 20 Years of Oppression, Activism and Hope Chrd
THE LEGACY OF TIANANMEN: 20 YEARS OF OPPRESSION, ACTIVISM AND HOPE CHRD Chinese Human Rights Defenders (CHRD) Web: Hhttp://crd-net.org/H Email: [email protected] THE LEGACY OF TIANANMEN: 20 YEARS OF OPPRESSION, ACTIVISM AND HOPE Chinese Human Rights Defenders June 1, 2009 Twenty years since the Tiananmen massacre, the Chinese government refuses to accept responsibility, much less apologize or offer compensation, for killing, injuring, imprisoning and persecuting individuals for participating in peaceful protests. The number of the victims, and their names and identities, remain unknown. Families continue to be barred from publicly commemorating and seeking accountability for the death of their loved ones. Activists are persecuted and harassed for independently investigating the crackdown or for calling for a rectification of the government’s verdict on the pro‐democracy movement. Many individuals continue to suffer the consequences of participating in the pro‐democracy movement today. At least eight individuals remain imprisoned in Beijing following unfair trials in which they were convicted of committing “violent crimes”. Those who were released after long sentences have had difficulty re‐integrating into society as they suffer from continued police harassment as well as illnesses and injuries resulting from torture, beatings and mistreatment while in prison. Many of those injured have had to pay for their own medical expenses and continue to struggle as the physical and psychological scars leave them unable to take care of themselves or to work. Some who took part in the protests still find it difficult to make ends meet after they were dismissed from comfortable jobs or expelled from universities after 1989. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement July 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 40 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 41 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 48 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 53 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 July 2008 The Main National Leadership of the PRC -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement September 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 44 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 47 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 48 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 55 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 60 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 September 2008 The Main National Leadership -
Preface and Committees
Preface With the joint effort of China Academy of Printing Technology and Tianjin University of Science and Technology, “2013 China Academic Conference on Food Packaging”, an academic conference focusing on the field of food packaging, was held on November 23-25, 2013 at Tianjin Hopeway Business Hotel, China. It is well known that under the circumstances of a global economic downturn, the packaging industry in China has maintained an annual growth at the rate of over 10%. In 2012, the gross output value of Chinese packaging industry reached over RMB 1.3 trillion (source: China Packaging Federation), ranking the second in the world. In the meantime, the food technology and food industry have also maintained a rapid growth with many new technologies, new materials and new products emerging in endlessly. However, with the media exposure of the pollution of raw-food materials, abuse of food additives, and substandard food packaging, food safety has drawn more and more attention from various circles of the society. In order to set up a standard for food packaging and to ensure food safety, we organized the related universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises to discuss the development of food packaging technology and research directions of all subjects related to food safety by means of academic activities. Focusing on the topics of new materials of food packaging, food packaging safety and traceability, food packaging decoration, food packaging designing and engineering, “2013 China Academic Conference on Food Packaging” -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
Journal of C urrent Chinese Affairs China Data Supplement May 2009 People’s Republic of China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan China aktuell China Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 44 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 47 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 51 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 58 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 63 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2009 The Main National -
An Independent Report on the Situation of the June 4 Massacre Victims
1 An Independent Report on the Situation of the June 4 Massacre Victims Jiang Qisheng 1 2 Contents Preface 3 I. The June 4 Massacre: A bloody suppression on 4 the 1989 pro-democracy movement by the governmental authorities II. Human rights disaster after the June 4 suppression: 10 Large-scale arrest and identification III. Tiananmen Mother: The families of the June 4 12 deceased and the disabled i. The pains and sufferings experienced by this group ii. The difficult struggles of the 20-year persuit for justice iii. The current status of the group of Tiananmen Mother IV. The June 4 prisoners of conscience 27 i. Great creation of and suppression on the June 4 prisoners of conscience by the governmental authority ii. The June 4 individuals with unchanged belief after being released from prison iii. The June 4 individuals with bitter life after being released from prison iv. The June 4 prisoners of conscience still in jail till now V. The June 4 individuals suffering 61 in other forms of political persecution VI. The political victims under the One-Party dictatorship system 64 VII. The changes in the living 66 conditions of the June 4 victims Concluding remarks 68 References 69 Appendix 70 2 3 Preface The 1989 pro-democracy movement taken place 20 years ago and the June 4 Massacre carried out by the order of the Chinese government are vital and important events which can never be avoided and denied in the modern Chinese history. The June 4 Massacre and the large-scale arrest and identification followed have created tens of thousands of the June 4 victims. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement January 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 31 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 57 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 68 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 74 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 81 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 85 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 January 2008 The Main National Leadership of -
Konfuzianismus in Aktion: Der Kreismagistrat Li Laizhang Und Sein Programm Zur ‚Zivilisierung‘ Der Bapai-Yao, 1704–1709
Konfuzianismus in Aktion: Der Kreismagistrat Li Laizhang und sein Programm zur ‚Zivilisierung‘ der Bapai-Yao, 1704–1709 Dissertation zur Erlangung der Würde des Doktors der Philosophie der Universität Hamburg vorgelegt von Christian Textor aus Oldenburg (Oldb) Hamburg, Juni 2013 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Michael Friedrich 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Hans Stumpfeldt Datum der Disputation: 25. Nov. 2013 Danksagung Die Ursprünge dieser Arbeit reichen zurück bis in meine Zeit am Südasien-Institut in Heidelberg, wo mich Frau Prof. Dr. Gita Dharampal-Frick für die Geschichte Südasiens und insbesondere die britische Kolonialgeschichte in Indien zu faszinieren vermochte. Ihre eindrücklichen Vorlesungen werden mir immer als Beispiel für die Kraft und die Möglichkeiten des wissenschaftlichen Geis- tes im Gedächtnis bleiben. Am Asien-Afrika-Institut der Universität Hamburg gelang es Herrn Prof. Dr. Michael Friedrich, mein Interesse am Konflikt zwischen staatlicher Macht und nach Eigenständigkeit stre- benden Gruppen innerhalb der Bevölkerung auf die chinesische Geschichte und speziell die Yao während der Zeit der Qing-Herrschaft zu lenken. Für die Erfahrung seiner kritischen Wachsam- keit während der Betreuung meiner Dissertation und für seine stets vertrauensvolle und aufmun- ternde Haltung bin ich ihm zu großem Dank verpflichtet. Ebenso möchte ich Herrn Prof. Dr. Wang Weijiang danken, der mich während meines Forschungsaufenthaltes an der Akademie für Sozialwissenschaften in Shanghai in jeder Hinsicht wohlwollend unterstützt und beraten hat. Mit Freude und Dankbarkeit denke ich auch an die Begegnungen mit den Nachfahren von Li Laizhang in Xiangcheng und den Angestellten der dortigen Kulturbehörde zurück, wie auch an die Yao in der Umgebung von Liannan, die mir ihre Gegend und ihre alten Dörfer gezeigt haben, in denen noch viele Spuren aus dem 17. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
7/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:+49(040)4107945 Contributors: Pia Kleis Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 32 Hong Kong SAR Political, Social and Economic Data LIU JEN-KAI 34 Macau SAR Political, Social and Economic Data LIU JEN-KAI 38 Taiwan Political, Social and Economic Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan PIA KLEIS / UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING 45 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 7/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: