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An Abstract of the Thesis Of AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Youssef Bougataya for the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering presented on June 16, 2016. Title: Static and Wave Equation Analyses and Development of Region-specific Resistance Factors for Driven Piles Abstract approved: ______________________________________________________ Armin W. Stuedlein This study uses an existing database of dynamic loading tests of driven piles installed in the Puget Sound Lowlands to improve the reliability of axial performance. First, the unit shaft resistances developed from stress wave signal matching to dynamic records of pile installation are used to develop an effective stress-based shaft resistance model. New, statistically unbiased unit shaft resistance models are proposed for piles driven at End-of-Drive (EOD) and Beginning-of-Restrike (BOR) and for a range of specific soil types and relative densities and consistencies. The accuracy and uncertainty of each model is quantified and compared. Then, the observed unit shaft resistances and proposed design models are used to characterize the magnitude of time- dependent capacity gain. Although these models allow estimation of the range of capacity gain anticipated following pile installation, no reliable time-dependent relationship could be proposed. The study concludes with the quantification of accuracy and uncertainty in dynamic wave equation-based and existing static analysis procedures and calibration of resistance factors for use with load and resistance factor design (LRFD). These resistance factors indicate, in some cases, dramatic improvement in the useable pile capacity at a given reliability owing to the use of a database from a specific region. The results from this work may be immediately applied in practice in the Puget Sound Lowlands. ©Copyright by Youssef Bougataya June 16, 2016 All Rights Reserved Static and Wave Equation Analyses and Development of Region-specific Resistance Factors for Driven Piles by Youssef Bougataya A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Presented June 16, 2016 Commencement June 2017 Master of Science thesis of Youssef Bougataya presented on June 16, 2016 APPROVED: Major Professor, representing Civil Engineering Head of the School of Civil and Construction Engineering Dean of the Graduate School I understand that my thesis will become part of the permanent collection of Oregon State University libraries. My signature below authorizes release of my thesis to any reader upon request. Youssef Bougataya, Author ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My experience with Dr. Armin Stuedlein was a true highlight. Your vision and acute attention to make every day so visceral is unparalleled. Your responsiveness, nonpareil follow up, constant support and endorsement, have been pillars for my growth and success. Your dedication to sharpen the geotechnical program at OSU is unfathomable and can only put the school in the front lead of our specialization. I look forward to keep working with you in the future and ultimately making impactful differences toward improving and shaping our field to the best. My sincere appreciation and thanks are forwarded to Dr. Matt Evans. Your extreme humbleness taught me how knowledge can be transferred in a friendly and joyful atmosphere. Your availability to answer my questions was influential in shaping my geotechnical knowledge. The accuracy of your thought process and clarity of your presentations and explanations were hallmarks of all your classes. Your careful consideration to the geotechnical program in OSU made my stay in school smooth, enjoyable and an opportunity to learn and grow. I want to thank my other two geotechnical professors Dr. Ben Leshchcinsky and Dr. Ben Mason for their advices and the numerous fruitful discussions I had with them. The energy you show everyday make working with you a delightful experience. Your dedication to teaching and vivid interaction with students was inspiring not only to me but many of your other students as well. I would like to acknowledge Dr. Seth Reddy for his visit to present the existing pile database, and also for laying the infrastructure used to perform the reliability calibrations. I would like to extend my appreciation to the quality of service offered at OSU. I would like to express my gratitude specifically to the school of Civil and Construction Engineering (CCE), in particular Cindy Olson, as well as the Graduate School in the name of Michelle LaCrosse for answering my requests with diligence and friendliness. Your commitment to help graduate students reach their full potential cannot be undervalued in any way. I want to thank the students that I stayed shoulder to shoulder with in office or shared the classroom with. I wish to thank all my friends here in Oregon, especially, David Bailey, Josiah Baker, and Maggie Exton, your friendship has provided me with life experiences I could not have gained elsewhere. A great thanks go to fellow geotechnical students Michael Bunn, Andrew Strahler, Danny Hess, Nan Zhang, Qiang Li, Stephie Lange, Ali Khoubani ,Nan Zhang, and Abbas Abdoullahi with whom I shared my everyday experience at OSU. Finally, establishing my career plan and investing independently into my growth and learning wouldn’t be possible without the matchless support of my brother Hicham, the most influential person in my life. Helping me sponsor expensive endeavors was key for me to be able to focus in my studies and career. Your love is beyond comprehension and made me think every day of how special you are. I thank my family and especially my parents for their constant support, encouragement and love. I look forward to see my very young nephews, Adam, Maria and Ziad, to whom I dedicate this work. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Statement of Problem .......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Purpose of Research ............................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Organization of this Thesis .................................................................................................. 4 2 Litterature Review ....................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 6 2.2 Use of Dynamic Formulas to Estimate Pile Axial Capacity .................................................... 6 2.3 Wave Equation Analysis of Pile Driving .............................................................................. 9 2.3.1 Wave Equation Approach History............................................................................... 10 2.3.2 Wave Equation for a Free Pile .................................................................................... 12 2.3.3 Wave Equation Theory in GRLWEAP ........................................................................ 17 2.4 Dynamic Testing of Driven Piles ....................................................................................... 22 2.4.1 Dynamic Testing Setup .............................................................................................. 22 2.4.2 Advantages of Dynamic Testing ................................................................................. 24 2.5 Static Analysis Using Standard Penetration Test Correlations .............................................. 26 2.6 LRFD Reliability Theory ................................................................................................... 30 2.6.1 First Order Second Moment (FOSM) .......................................................................... 33 2.6.2 Statistics Necessary for Reliability Calibrations ........................................................... 38 2.7 Development of Recommended Resistance Factors for Driven Piles..................................... 42 2.8 Summary .......................................................................................................................... 44 3 Research Objectives and Program ............................................................................................. 45 3.1 Research Objectives .......................................................................................................... 45 3.2 Research Program ............................................................................................................. 45 4 Development of New Shaft Resistance Models for Piles Driven in the Puget Sound Lowlands….. ................................................................................................................................. 48 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 48 4.2 Selection of the Reference Capacity: CAse Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP) Technique… ................................................................................................................................ 49 4.3 Database of CAPWAP Dynamic Analysis Records ............................................................
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