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Elinor Wylie's Novels, Allegories of Love 17 THE CARRELL JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS of the UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI LIBRARY Volume 9 December 1968 Number 2 ' THE CARRELL JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI LIBRARY P. O. Box 8214 CORAL GABLES, FLORIDA 33124 EDITORIAL STAFF Editor—Charlton W. Tebeau Assistant Editors—Charles L. Morgan, Jr.; George W. Rosner Art Editor—Richard L. Merrick • Notes Editor—Mildred H. Selle EDITORIAL BOARD John I. McCollum, Jr., Chairman Stojan A. Bayitch Archie L. McNeal K. Malcolm Beal Oscar T. Owre John Bitter William Frederick Shaw Clayton Charles J. Ben Stalvey Clark M. Emery Henry King Stanford C. P. Idyll Frank E. Watson Helen Garlinghouse King CONTENTS PAGE Latin American Studies at Miami 1 By Robert E. McNicoll Jose Guadalupe Posada, "Mexican Guerilla Fighter of the Throwaway" 11 By Larue Stinger Storm Elinor Wylie's Novels, Allegories of Love 17 By Evelyn Thomas Helmick Gifts and Acquisitions 29 Contributors to this Issue 30 RICHARD MERRICK, artist for The Carrell, was unable because of illness to provide a new work for this issue. We are therefore repeating one of Mr. Merrick's earlier covers. THE CARRE LL VOLUME 9 DECEMBER, 1968 NUMBER 2 Latin American Studies at Miami ROBERT E. MCNICOLL Director Institute of Inter-American Studies he University's dedication to Latin American studies is as old as the University itself. In its Charter of 1925 Tthe University stated its intention "to take advantage of a unique location between the Americas to promote inter- American friendship and understanding and to conduct research in the scientific and technical problems of the tropics." The founders' vision was clear; both parts of this statement still serve as a useful guide to further development. Despite the real estate crash and the devastating hurricane of the same year, the University managed to open in October 1926, with at least some visible evidences of its intention to implement the high objectives of its Charter. On the original faculty were two distinguished men who incarnated the Hispanic orientation the founders desired. They were Angel del Rio, Spanish professor trained in the Centro de Estudios Historicos of Madrid, and Victor Andres Belaunde, Peruvian diplomat then in exile because of his opposition to a dictatorship in his own country. These men represented the two poles of the Hispanic-American program that gradually crystallized at Miami: a serious study of Spanish literature and civilization with coordinated attention to Latin American history and politics. Del Rio represented the quiet, scholarly, contemplation of literature while Belaunde, a publicist, in his very first year in Miami, organized a "Pan-American Round Table" which did much to awaken business and professional men of Miami to the inter-American possibilities of the area—something new at that time. Both men were writers and have left important records of their study and thought. Angel del Rio left Miami after three years, to join Columbia University where he spent most of the remainder of his life, the last years as head of the Casa de las Espahas. He published anthologies and studies of Spanish literature1 and—as his last work—finally ventured to speak of Spain's importance in the shaping of "Anglo-Saxon" America.2 Belaunde's bibliography is lengthy. Of interest here is a work produced at Miami—Bolivar and the Political Thought of the Spanish-American Revolutions.3 This work which Dr. Belaunde wrote in Spanish was put into English for the Albert Shaw lectures of 1930 at Johns Hopkins. On Dr. del Rio's nomina­ tion, a sophomore at the U. of Miami undertook the task of translation.4 The translation was duly delivered for use at Johns Hopkins but Dr. Belaunde was inspired to add another chapter which had to wait until 1938 when a diplomatic assignment gave him time in Washington to finish his work. The publica­ tion appeared in 1938 with full acknowledgments to Miami, to the translator, and to Dr. Belaunde's secretary Miss Alberta Losh, who later taught Portuguese at the University. The original two Hispanists on the Miami faculty were rein­ forced between 1929 and 1934 with several additions to the faculty. Dr. Rafael Belaunde, brother of Victor Andres, came to Miami in the first year mentioned to teach Spanish and to initiate courses in "Economic Geography of Latin America" and "Economic Problems of Latin America."5 In 1931 political disorders in Cuba brought to Miami Dr. Luis A. Baralt, then professor of English at the Instituto de La Habana. As Dr. Baralt was also a key member of the revolutionary ABC organi­ zation, it may be said that he came to Miami for his health. Later Professor of Philosophy at the University of Habana and presently Professor at Southern Illinois University, Dr. Baralt is a philosopher, playwright, poet, and linguist with mastery of French and English, as well as Spanish.6 He was born in New York during the struggle for Cuban independence. His mother was an American—also a talented author and lecturer.7 Dr. Baralt taught Spanish American literature and strengthened the approach to Latin America through belles- lettres, a route overshadowed by the political and historical approach of the Belaundes, once Dr. del Rio had left for Columbia. In 1933 both Belaundes were called by their gov­ ernment to head diplomatic missions and it was necessary to replace them. The substitutes were Rafael Belaunde, Jr., a dynamic and intelligent young man with great dreams for a Pan-American university in Miami, and the writer, who left the Dade County highschools to become an instructor. It is notable that on April 13, 1934, the Hurricane carried a lead story on "History of Pan-Americanism at the University of Miami." In the same number, Dr. John Barrett, former Director General of the Pan American Union, suggested that the University change its name to "Pan American University." Barrett said: "Metropolitan Miami approaches nearer to being the ideal home of such a university than any other city or port located on the coast lines of North and South America."8 The same number of the Hurricane was dedicated "to the interest of Pan-Americanism, a spirit which is being ably fostered by Rafael Belaunde, acting head of the Latin American de­ partment and his assistants." It is interesting that the term "Pan American" has lost some of the glamor it had in those days— a glamor not conveyed by the more prosaic term "Inter- American". In 1934 a very important addition was made in the person of Dr. Juan Clemente Zamora, of the University of Habana. Zamora, Professor of Constitutional Law at the Cuban institu­ tion, had Harvard undergraduate and law degrees and had studied at the Sorbonne and at Columbia.9 As the University of Habana was closed because of the revolution against Machado, Dr. Zamora came to teach various courses on Latin America in the field of Political Science. Dr. Zamora was instrumental also in bringing to Miami a large number of Cuban students who could not attend school in Cuba because of the closing of the University which continued from 1930 to 1936. Some sixty Cuban students received most of their education at Miami during this period and they include such people as Dr. Luis Rodriguez Molina,93 now on the Miami faculty, Dr. Bias Roca- fort, practicing lawyer in Miami, Dr. Antonio Cardona, medical doctor at George Washington Hospital in Washington, D.C., Engineer Angel Ruiz, former Cuban Ambassador to Czech­ oslovakia, Josefina Yarina, Professor of English, University of Habana, and many others. The enterprise of Dr. Zamora which had the greatest impact on the Miami community was a "Latin American Forum" which continued in slightly different form the "Pan American Round Table" founded by Dr. Belaunde. The most interesting sessions of this Forum were held in early 1935 concerning the Cuban revolution, not yet stabilized at that date. In two lectures, "Cuba Yesterday," and "Cuba Today," Dr. Luis Baralt summarized the hectic past and present of the island republic. Dr. Zamora, in arranging the rejoinders permitted to the second lecture, allowed each Cuban party and point of view and its speaker "equal time" so that Miami could provide what was not possible in Cuba, a full and frank examination of the political scene. The "Machadistas" who had lost place and fortunes in Cuba and who were exiled in Miami were the most vociferous but Grau's Autenticos and old-time Liberals and Conservatives were not far behind. For the Anglo-American listeners the debate constituted an unforgettable experience. Another inter-American experience of importance was the celebration of Pan American Day on April 14, 1934. Cuba was the country honored and sent a naval vessel, an armed marching unit, and three official civilian delegates to participate in the affair. The first notes of inter-Americanism were sour when the armed unit made up of both blacks and whites was told by the City of Miami committee that accomodations for them were available only on a segregated basis. Quite properly they said that they had fought together and had served together and would stay together. Finally cots were brought for all hands and they slept in the sheet-iron warehouses of the port of Miami. At the University assembly a more pleasant surprise took place. Everyone expected a broken-English statement from the Cuban speaker. Instead, Dr. Jorge Maiiach, scholarship student at the Boston Latin School and Phi Beta Kappa from Harvard, arose and delivered an eloquent address in impeccable English. At the time he was Secretary of State and represented the same ABC party mentioned before in connection with Dr. Baralt.
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