DRINKING WATER QUALITY REPORT 2014 -2015 Contents Dear Customers, Each year Unitywater publishes this report to set out transparently information about the quality of the drinking water Message from the CEO ...... 3 we supply. I’m pleased to confirm that during 2014-15 the water supplied to our customers remained of a very high standard and, Our supply area...... 4 as in previous years, met all regulatory requirements. Water supply sources...... 6 Unitywater continues to meet the requirements set by the Water quality summary...... 8 Public Health Regulation for drinking water, with Your suburb and its water supply region...... 10 99.9% of all samples free of E. coli, an indicator of possible contamination. Meeting this requirement demonstrates that Drinking water quality performance...... 12 you can continue to have confidence in the water supplied by Microbiological performance in detail...... 13 Unitywater to your home, school and work place. To maintain that confidence Unitywater sampled and completed almost Chemical performance in detail...... 14 100,000 individual water tests. Of those only five did not meet an individual guideline. Each of these was investigated promptly ...... 14 and successfully met the guideline when retested. Caboolture...... 16 We recognise that having confidence in the quality of the ...... 18 water you drink is just as important as the quality of food you Dayboro...... 20 eat. Unitywater will build on the Queensland and Australian standards we already meet to obtain international recognition, Kenilworth...... 22 namely ISO 22000. To meet this international accreditation Maleny...... 24 we must demonstrate to independent assessors our ability to identify and control safety hazards throughout the water supply Maroochy North...... 26 chain.

Maroochy South...... 28 In the meantime further details of the physical and chemical Noosa...... 30 qualities of the drinking water supplied are provided in the Water Quality Summary later in this report. If you have any questions, Pine Rivers North...... 32 or feedback on the content of this report, please do not hesitate Pine Rivers South...... 34 to call our customer contact centre on 1300 0 UNITY.

Railway Towns...... 36

Redcliffe...... 38

Woodford...... 40 George Theo Topic in focus: Chlorine – why does it matter?...... 42 Chief Executive Officer Unitywater

MESSAGE FROM THE CEO 3 Where we sit in the Grid Our supply area

The south-east Queensland water grid connects the water supplies from the Sunshine Coast, through greater and down to the Gold Coast. This arrangement allows Seqwater to move treated ‘bulk’ drinking water from one area to

k r C e COMO i n K i n ek

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I O D Z K A Z O A A R B N A B IS More detail on the bulk water supply network can be found here: O A R U M A O H L N R Sea a O T o os iv NOOSA NORTH SHORE P O e O r C Regional Map PINBARREN http://www.seqwater.com.au/water-supply/supply-network CRN.RES1 M RINGTAIL CREEK C Lake COORAN K I N Cooroibah N

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W R E E k GLH.RES1 B STANMORE e - e Y r O GLH.RES2 Unitywater C C L y I Queensland Urban Utilities n K o t GLASS HOUSE J OHNSTON S MOUNTAINS RD k G UILAR HIG e STONY CREEK D'A HW re AY wr in C C o ek oo n Unitywater distributes water to Queensland Urban Utilities distributes water Blackrock C re BEERBURRUM O n Woodford Tower e M BBM.RES 1, 2 D i 'A le to the Brisbane, Ipswich, Lockyer Valley, Scenic G C r NEURUM U e Beerb IL e urru the Noosa, Sunshine Coast and A Chambers Road k m C R re ek G las s H Mo IG unt WELSBY H D'AGUILAR ai n W C BRIBIE A re Rim and Somerset Council areas. Y ek ISLAND McLeod Lane Res ELIMBAH E DONNYBROOK lim Council areas. W DELANEYS CREEK BRACALBA b a r i h g S ix Mile C h C r t re s ek e e W C MOUNT DELANEY k Delane a r y C Webster Road Res ra e re r MELDALE e e b k TONE RD k B S a IC E C E UM Banksia Beach E r P

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Petrie Tower I E LAWNTON R F e k O o Pin River e u r y A GRIFFIN CASHMERE e ull M r G D ile C s C City of d BRAY PARK re e e l d k i o MOUNT SAMSON T M CLEAR MOUNTAIN e n

O WARNER CLOSEBURN Ira Buckby Rd Res1, 2

BRENDALE i C edar CEDAR CREEK C re Lake ek EATONS HILL Gold Coast Council Council Wivenhoe Clear Mountain Res 1,2,3 YUGAR Eatons Hill Tower DRAPER k Eaeteons Hill Grounkd Res SAMFORD r k e C e e VALLEY r HIGHVALE n e a r C BUNYA g C n y Samford Downs Res 2 Honeywood Crt Samford Downs Res 1 Woodfern Crt o r d e n W h a is Low Level Res 1,2 SAMFORD f S e Riv g Albany Crk High Level Res - Bunyaville Forrest Park Pin er n th i ARANA u K o AD HILLS EVERTON O Samford Res3 (Bygotts Rd) FERNY HILLS HILLS S US R MO UNT G LO RIO S Hutton Rd Res2 - Arana Hills k A WIGHTS e MF Barber Road High Level Res re O R D 18 MOUNTAIN C R OAD Hutton Rd Res1 - Caesar Rd rd CAMP MOUNTAIN fo Bar ber Rd Low Level Res am S Brisbane City 5 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Water Supply Sources

All of the water treatment plants (WTPs) are managed DAYBORO PINE RIVERS NORTH Queensland Urban Utilities’ Bracken Ridge reservoir by Seqwater. Please direct any queries around bulk Dayboro is not connected to the South East The Pine Rivers North region extends from Dakabin also supplies a small but steady volume of water into water supply arrangements to Seqwater Queensland water grid. Water is treated at the to the north to Lawnton in the south, and across the region via the main that crosses the Houghton (http://www.seqwater.com.au/contacts). Dayboro WTP, and distributed to the township. Water the to North Lakes and Mango Hill. Bridge. There are storage reservoirs at Margate can be imported via water tankers if necessary. Water to the Pine Rivers North region is currently and Rothwell, from where water is distributed to BRIBIE ISLAND supplied solely from the Petrie WTP, although there is customers. Since the shutdown of the Banksia Beach WTP by KENILWORTH a planned future connection to the Northern Pipeline Seqwater in 2014, the primary sources of water to the Kenilworth is not connected to the South East Interconnector. WOODFORD island have been the North Pine WTP and the Landers Queensland water grid. The single source of water The Woodford water supply region is supplied by the Shute WTP, via the Northern Pipeline Interconnector for this scheme is the Kenilworth WTP. Water can be PINE RIVERS SOUTH Northern Pipeline Interconnector, typically with water and the Morayfield reservoir complex. imported via water tankers if necessary. This supply region includes Bray Park, Brendale, that originated from either Landers Shute WTP or North Strathpine, Eaton’s Hill, Albany Creek, Samford and Pine WTP. Water enters the Woodford system via the CABOOLTURE MALENY the Hills District. Pine Rivers South typically receives Elimbah reservoir located within the Caboolture supply The Caboolture water supply region is geographically The single source of water for the Maleny township is the majority of its water from the North Pine WTP region. our largest water supply area, extending from the Landers Shute WTP. with an additional small volume from the Northern Elimbah in the north to Narangba in the south, west Pipeline Interconnector. When North Pine WTP is to Wamuran and east to Sandstone Point. Beachmere MAROOCHY NORTH offline for maintenance, water can be supplied from and Deception Bay are also part of this supply This region includes , Eumundi, Bli Bli and Brisbane via the Aspley reservoir system. area. There are two typical sources of water for the Coolum. The main source of water is the Image Flat Caboolture region; Landers Shute WTP and North Pine WTP, with supplemental supply from the Northern RAILWAY TOWNS WTP. Treated water travels through the Northern Pipeline Interconnector. This water supply region gets its name from the Pipeline Interconnector, and into reservoirs at fact that the main townships are all linked by the Elimbah, Morayfield and Narangba. From here, water MAROOCHY SOUTH Sunshine Coast train line. The usual source of water is distributed throughout the supply scheme. The Maroochy South region includes the area to for the Railway Towns is the Landers Shute WTP; the south of the Maroochy River and north of however supplemental water supply can also feed CALOUNDRA the , and inland almost as far as in from the Northern Pipeline Interconnector. Water The Caloundra water supply region extends from Nambour. The main source of water is the Landers travels first through Mooloolah, before being supplied (Buddina) in the north, to Pelican Shute WTP, with supplemental supply available from south to Landsborough, Beerwah, Glasshouse Waters in the south, and inland to Bells Creek. The the Northern Pipeline Interconnector. Mountains and Beerburrum. main source of water for Caloundra is the Landers Shute WTP, with supplementary supply from the NOOSA REDCLIFFE Northern Pipeline Interconnector if required. Water The Noosa water supply region extends inland and The Redcliffe water supply region encompasses from the two sources is mixed in the Sugarbag Road includes Tewantin, Cooroy, Pomona and Cooran. The the entire , including Rothwell reservoir complex prior to distribution to customers. main sources of supply are the Noosa WTP and the (however Deception Bay is part of the Caboolture The Ewen Maddock WTP is also available as a drought Northern Pipeline Interconnector. Water is blended supply region). The primary supply source for this contingency option; however this plant did not within the reticulation system and distributed to region is the North Pine WTP, with a small additional operate in the 2014-15 financial year. customers. volume from the Northern Pipeline Interconnector.

7 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Water Quality Summary Water Quality Summary

The Public Health Regulation 2005 requires that Unitywater, like other water service providers in It should be noted that the ADWG limit is based on all water service providers in Queensland meet the , is also obligated to provide customers with long-term exposure at the guideline level; meaning that regulated drinking water quality standard; which is Public Health water that meets the health related limits as specified it is considered safe to consume water with 5.0mg/L that more than 98% of all samples tested must return a in the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (ADWG) chlorine for a lifetime. Given that drinking water usually negative result for E. coli. Regulation 2005 2011. In 2014-15, there was one instance where the contains chlorine at levels well below the guideline limit ADWG long term health limit was not met for chlorine (refer to the graph below), a short term exceedence is Samples in which E. coli was In 2014-15, 99.94% of Unitywater’s samples were not detected at a reservoir in Beachmere. One operational issue not considered to represent a health impact by health negative for E. coli. The graph below shows our resulted in total chlorine measured at 5.4mg/L against authorities. If you would like to seek further assurance performance over the past five years: an ADWG limit of 5.0mg/L. This was resolved quickly on this point please contact Queensland Health on 13 with no long term impacts. HEALTH (13 43 25 84).

100

99.5 Beachmere Total Chlorine Results 99

6 98.5 5 % of samples 98 4

3 97.5

mg/L as C12 2

1 97 0 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 10/06/2014 18/09/2014 27/12/2014 6/04/2015 15/07/2015 Reporting Period

Actual Performance Required Performance Weekly Results ADWG Lifetime Exposure Limit

9 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Your suburb and its water supply region

Suburb Scheme Suburb Scheme Suburb Scheme Suburb Scheme

ALBANY CREEK...... Pine Rivers South COORAN...... Noosa KUNDA PARK...... Maroochy South PEREGIAN BEACH...... Noosa ALEXANDRA HEADLAND...... Maroochy South COOROY...... Noosa LANDSBOROUGH...... Railway Towns PEREGIAN SPRINGS...... Maroochy North ARANA HILLS...... Pine Rivers South COTTON TREE...... Maroochy South LAWNTON...... Pine Rivers North PETRIE...... Pine Rivers North AROONA...... Caloundra CURRIMUNDI...... Caloundra LITTLE MOUNTAIN...... Caloundra POINT CARTWRIGHT...... Caloundra BANKSIA BEACH...... Bribie Island D’AGUILAR...... Woodford MALENY...... Maleny POMONA...... Noosa BATTERY HILL...... Caloundra DAKABIN...... Pine Rivers North MARCOOLA...... Maroochy North REDCLIFFE...... Redcliffe BEACHMERE...... Caboolture DAYBORO...... Dayboro MARCUS BEACH...... Noosa ROSEMOUNT...... Maroochy North BEERBURRUM...... Railway Towns DECEPTION BAY...... Caboolture MARGATE...... Redcliffe ROTHWELL...... Redcliffe BEERWAH...... Railway Towns DICKY BEACH...... Caloundra ...... Maroochy South SAMFORD...... Pine Rivers South BELLARA...... Bribie Island DIDDILLIBAH...... Maroochy South MERIDIAN PLAINS...... Caloundra SANDSTONE POINT...... Caboolture BELLMERE...... Caboolture DONNYBROOK...... Caboolture MINYAMA...... Caloundra SCARBOROUGH...... Redcliffe BIRTINYA...... Caloundra EATONS HILL...... Pine Rivers South MOFFAT BEACH...... Caloundra SIPPY DOWNS...... Maroochy South BLI BLI...... Maroochy North ELIMBAH...... Caboolture MOOLOOLABA...... Maroochy South SOLANDER...... Bribie Island BONGAREE...... Bribie Island EUMUNDI...... Maroochy North MOOLOOLAH VALLEY...... Railway Towns STRATHPINE...... Pine Rivers South BRAY PARK...... Pine Rivers South EVERTON HILLS...... Pine Rivers South MORAYFIELD...... Caboolture SUNRISE BEACH...... Noosa BRENDALE...... Pine Rivers South EVERTON PARK...... Pine Rivers South MOUNT COOLUM...... Maroochy North SUNSHINE BEACH...... Noosa BRIBIE ISLAND...... Bribie Island FERNY HILLS...... Pine Rivers South MOUNTAIN CREEK...... Maroochy South TANAWHA...... Maroochy South BUDDINA...... Caloundra FOREST GLEN...... Maroochy South MUDJIMBA...... Maroochy North TEWANTIN...... Noosa BUDERIM...... Maroochy South GLASSHOUSE MOUNTAINS...... Railway Towns MURRUMBA DOWNS...... Pine Rivers North TOORBUL...... Caboolture BUNYA...... Pine Rivers South GOLDEN BEACH...... Caloundra NAMBOUR...... Maroochy North TOWEN MOUNTAIN...... Maroochy North BURPENGARY...... Caboolture GRIFFIN...... Pine Rivers North NARANGBA...... Caboolture TWIN WATERS...... Maroochy North BURPENGARY EAST...... Caboolture HARBOUR HILL...... Maroochy South NEWPORT...... Redcliffe UPPER CABOOLTURE...... Caboolture CABOOLTURE...... Caboolture HIGHWORTH...... Maroochy North NINGI...... Caboolture WAMURAN...... Caboolture CABOOLTURE SOUTH...... Caboolture JOYNER...... Pine Rivers South NOOSA HEADS...... Noosa WARANA...... Caloundra CALOUNDRA...... Caloundra KALLANGUR...... Pine Rivers North NOOSAVILLE...... Noosa WARNER...... Pine Rivers South CALOUNDRA WEST...... Caloundra KEIL MOUNTAIN...... Maroochy South NORTH ARM...... Maroochy North WOODFORD...... Woodford CASHMERE...... Pine Rivers South KENILWORTH...... Kenilworth NORTH LAKES...... Pine Rivers North WOODY POINT...... Redcliffe CLEAR MOUNTAIN...... Pine Rivers South KINGS BEACH...... Caloundra PACIFIC PARADISE...... Maroochy North WOOMBYE...... Maroochy South CLONTARF...... Redcliffe KIPPA-RING...... Redcliffe PALMWOODS...... Maroochy South WOORIM...... Bribie Island COES CREEK...... Maroochy North KULANGOOR...... Maroochy North PARKLANDS...... Maroochy North WURTULLA...... Caloundra COOLUM BEACH...... Maroochy North KULUIN...... Maroochy South PELICAN WATERS...... Caloundra YANDINA...... Maroochy North YAROOMBA...... Maroochy North

11 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Drinking water quality Microbiological performance performance - overview in detail

Microbiological performance is said to have met the Number Number Required performance requirement if more than 98% of samples Actual Met Supply Region of of Positive E. coli Performance PHR from the supply region returned a nil result for E. coli. Samples Results Performance

The table below briefly is said to have met Chemical (Health) performance Bribie Island 130 0 98% 100% summarises drinking water the performance requirement if the 95th percentile (a Caboolture 775 2 98% 99.7% performance across three statistical calculation) for each chemical is below the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines health value for Caloundra 567 0 98% 100% categories, by each supply that chemical. Dayboro 152 0 98% 100% region. Chemical (Aesthetic) performance is said to have met Kenilworth 104 0 98% 100% the performance requirement if the average result for Maleny 152 0 98% 100% each chemical is below the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines aesthetic value for that chemical. Maroochy North 445 0 98% 100%

Maroochy South 550 0 98% 100%

Noosa 528 0 98% 100% Microbiological Chemical (Health) Chemical (Aesthetic) Supply Region Pine Rivers North 322 0 98% 100% Performance Performance Performance Pine Rivers South 697 0 98% 100% Bribie Island Railway Towns 581 0 98% 100% Caboolture Redcliffe 257 0 98% 100% Caloundra Woodford 129 1 98% 99.2% Dayboro All Schemes 5389 3 98% 99.94% Kenilworth

Maleny PHR = Public Health Regulation 2005

Maroochy North There were three low level detections of E. coli in 2014-2015. E. coli is an organism used as a potential Maroochy South indicator of water contamination but which can also sometimes be found in the natural environment. Noosa In all cases we investigated the circumstances around these detections and did not identify any source of contamination. Investigative water quality sampling undertaken at the time did not return any Pine Rivers North additional E. coli results, which would suggest that these events were transient in nature and do not Pine Rivers South represent any systemic issues with the water supply.

Railway Towns

Redcliffe

Woodford

means that performance requirement was met

13 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Chemical performance in detail

Bribie Island - Chemical (health) performance Bribie Island – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 60 <0.02 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 60 <1 1.7 <1 1.4 a Colour (True) PCU 60 <1 <1 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 130 167 312 246 295 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 60 <0.01 0.05 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 0.008 <0.005 0.007 0.02 Manganese mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 130 7.3 8.6 8.0 8.3 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 4 15 24 21.3 23.9 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 129 <0.1 2.2 0.9 1.8 5 Temperature oC 127 17.4 30.7 25.0 29.3 c Chlorine Total mg/L 129 <0.1 2.2 1.1 2.0 5 Turbidity NTU 130 <0.05 19 0.26 0.22 5 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Zinc mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3 Copper mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 4 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Fluoride mg/L 60 0.29 0.95 0.83 0.93 1.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Lead mg/L 54 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Manganese mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nickel mg/L 54 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 60 0.79 4.72 2.25 3.69 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 60 <0.02 0.1 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 26 26 26 26 500 THMs ug/L 12 38 119 75 118 250

15 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Caboolture – Chemical (health) performance Caboolture – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 287 <0.02 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.2 Ammonia Free NH3 Arsenic mg/L 3 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.01 mg/L 665 <0.02 2.12 0.12 0.40 0.5 (calc) Barium mg/L 3 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Colour (Apparent) PCU 287 <1 3.9 1.1 2.2 a Beryllium mg/L 3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Colour (True) PCU 287 <1 1.4 <1 1.1 15 Boron mg/L 3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Conductivity µS/cm 770 162 358 235 286 b Bromate mg/L 12 <0.005 0.01 <0.005 <0.01 0.02 Copper mg/L 263 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Iron mg/L 287 <0.01 0.04 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Cadmium mg/L 3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 Manganese mg/L 287 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Chlorine Free mg/L 763 <0.1 5.1 0.2 1.0 5 pH pH Units 770 6.9 8.8 7.7 8.4 6.5-9.2 Chlorine Total mg/L 763 <0.1 5.4 0.9 2.7 5 Sodium mg/L 12 12 24 20.4 24.0 180 Chromium mg/L 3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Temperature oC 755 16.7 31.2 23.6 28.3 c mg/L as Copper mg/L 263 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Total Hardness 11 55 67 62 67 200 CaCO3 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 11 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Turbidity NTU 770 <0.05 0.69 0.12 0.23 5 Fluoride mg/L 287 0.2 0.96 0.83 0.93 1.5 Zinc mg/L 263 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3 Lead mg/L 237 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 287 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.5

Mercury mg/L 3 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Monochloramine mg/L 665 <0.02 2.21 0.41 1.62 3 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is NH2CI approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Nickel mg/L 237 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 718 0.05 7.13 1.63 3.37 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 718 <0.02 1.77 0.18 0.63 3 Selenium mg/L 3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 3 25 26 25.7 26 500 THMs ug/L 24 29 107 63 105 250

17 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Caloundra – Chemical (health) performance Caloundra – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 249 <0.02 0.04 <0.02 0.02 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 246 <1 2.5 <1 1.48 a Colour (True) PCU 246 <1 1.4 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 567 143 280 190 242 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 234 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 249 <0.01 0.11 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 0.01 <0.005 0.009 0.02 Manganese mg/L 249 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 567 6.6 8.6 7.5 7.9 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 4 9 13 11.0 12.9 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 572 0.1 1.9 0.95 1.4 5 Temperature oC 564 16.4 29.7 23.4 28.2 c Chlorine Total mg/L 572 0.2 2 1.09 1.50 5 Turbidity NTU 567 <0.05 0.93 0.12 0.27 5 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Zinc mg/L 234 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3 Copper mg/L 234 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 3 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Fluoride mg/L 246 0.33 0.94 0.82 0.89 1.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Lead mg/L 234 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Manganese mg/L 249 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nickel mg/L 234 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 246 0.31 1.83 0.77 1.66 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 246 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 16 16 16 16 500 THMs ug/L 12 24 51 37 51 250

19 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Dayboro – Chemical (health) performance Dayboro – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 36 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 0.02 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 36 <1 2.2 <1 1.25 a Colour (True) PCU 36 <1 <1 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 152 244 375 319 363 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 24 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 36 <0.01 0.1 0.01 0.05 0.3 Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.02 Manganese mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 152 7.1 8.1 7.6 7.9 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 4 33 44 37.8 43.1 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 154 0.4 1.4 0.90 1.10 5 Temperature oC 151 16.1 28.5 22.9 27.5 c Chlorine Total mg/L 154 0.5 1.6 0.98 1.30 5 Turbidity NTU 152 <0.05 0.6 0.15 0.25 5 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Zinc mg/L 24 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.02 3 Copper mg/L 24 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 839 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 3 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Fluoride mg/L 36 0.81 0.95 0.89 0.93 1.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Lead mg/L 24 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Manganese mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nickel mg/L 24 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 36 0.17 3.93 1.25 3.69 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 36 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 7 7 7 7 500 THMs ug/L 12 12 64 23 44 250

21 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Kenilworth – Chemical (health) performance Kenilworth – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 24 <0.02 0.04 <0.02 0.04 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 24 <1 7.1 <1 1.39 a Colour (True) PCU 24 <1 <1 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 104 179 414 343 407 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 24 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 24 <0.01 0.07 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.02 Manganese mg/L 24 <0.01 0.06 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 104 7.1 7.8 7.4 7.7 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 4 22 51 42.8 50.7 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 104 <0.1 3.8 0.96 2.39 5 Temperature oC 101 18.1 31.6 24.3 29.7 c Chlorine Total mg/L 104 0.1 3.8 1.04 2.40 5 mg/L as Total Hardness 12 62 85 75 83 200 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 CaCO3 Copper mg/L 24 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Turbidity NTU 104 <0.05 1.2 0.10 0.22 5 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 3 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Zinc mg/L 24 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3 Fluoride mg/L 24 0.18 0.86 0.32 0.82 1.5 Lead mg/L 20 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 24 <0.01 0.06 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Nickel mg/L 20 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 26 0.16 2.7 0.57 1.55 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 26 <0.02 0.85 0.06 0.44 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 8 8 8 8 500 THMs ug/L 12 6 160 58 155 250

23 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Maleny – Chemical (health) performance Maleny – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 60 <0.02 0.04 <0.02 0.03 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 60 <1 1.5 <1 1.21 a Colour (True) PCU 60 <1 <1 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 152 159 215 193 206 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 60 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 60 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 0.01 0.006 0.010 0.02 Manganese mg/L 60 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 152 7.4 9.1 8.0 8.8 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 4 8 11 10.0 11.0 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 154 0.2 1.5 0.94 1.2 5 Temperature oC 151 15.9 27.7 21.3 25.7 c Chlorine Total mg/L 154 0.2 1.8 1.00 1.34 5 Turbidity NTU 152 <0.05 0.46 0.10 0.20 5 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Zinc mg/L 60 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.01 3 Copper mg/L 60 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 3 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Fluoride mg/L 60 0.22 0.94 0.78 0.91 1.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Lead mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Manganese mg/L 60 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nickel mg/L 60 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 60 0.38 1.75 0.79 1.68 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 60 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 15 15 15 15 500 THMs ug/L 12 16 50 34 49 250

25 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Maroochy North – Chemical (health) performance Maroochy North – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 2 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 188 <0.02 0.14 <0.02 0.03 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 188 <1 7.6 1.23 2.77 a Colour (True) PCU 188 <1 2.1 <1 1.20 15 Barium mg/L 2 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 445 145 305 234 290 b Beryllium mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 188 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 188 <0.01 0.24 0.01 0.05 0.3 Bromate mg/L 8 <0.005 0.02 0.006 0.016 0.02 Manganese mg/L 188 <0.01 0.07 <0.01 0.02 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 445 7 8.9 7.6 8.4 6.5-9.2 Chlorine Free mg/L 447 <0.1 1.9 0.72 1.40 5 Sodium mg/L 8 12 34 24.1 32.6 180 Temperature oC 435 16.1 30.9 23.3 27.8 c Chlorine Total mg/L 448 <0.1 1.9 0.83 1.50 5 Turbidity NTU 445 <0.05 4.1 0.16 0.31 5 Chromium mg/L 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Zinc mg/L 188 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3 Copper mg/L 188 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 6 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Fluoride mg/L 188 0.21 0.96 0.69 0.93 1.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Lead mg/L 188 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Manganese mg/L 188 <0.01 0.07 <0.01 0.02 0.5 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Mercury mg/L 2 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nickel mg/L 188 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 188 0.09 1.62 0.50 0.97 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 188 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 2 25 26 25.5 26 500 THMs ug/L 12 45 116 70 101 250

27 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Maroochy South – Chemical (health) performance Maroochy South – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 213 <0.02 0.04 <0.02 0.02 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 213 <1 3.8 <1 1.20 a Colour (True) PCU 213 <1 1 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 544 143 664 186 203 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 213 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 213 <0.01 0.04 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Bromate mg/L 6 <0.005 0.01 0.007 0.010 0.02 Manganese mg/L 213 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 544 6.9 9.3 7.5 8.2 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 6 8 12 10.0 11.8 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 548 <0.1 2.1 1.08 1.60 5 Temperature oC 531 16 31 23.2 28.6 c Chlorine Total mg/L 549 0.1 2.5 1.17 1.80 5 mg/L as Total Hardness 9 52 62 58 62 200 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 CaCO3 Copper mg/L 213 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Turbidity NTU 544 <0.05 0.51 0.11 0.20 5 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 5 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Zinc mg/L 213 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 3 Fluoride mg/L 213 0.31 0.98 0.80 0.89 1.5 Lead mg/L 213 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 213 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Nickel mg/L 213 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 213 0.29 1.72 0.76 1.60 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 213 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 15 15 15 15 500 THMs ug/L 21 <5 31 13 29 250

29 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Noosa – Chemical (health) performance Noosa – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 227 <0.02 0.03 <0.02 0.02 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 227 <1 5.1 <1 1.9 a Colour (True) PCU 227 <1 2 <1 1.0 15 Barium mg/L 2 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 527 152 465 249 330 b Beryllium mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 227 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 227 <0.01 0.18 0.01 0.05 0.3 Bromate mg/L 8 <0.005 0.01 <0.005 0.007 0.02 Manganese mg/L 227 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 527 6.9 8.7 7.6 8.3 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 8 16 38 24.0 35.2 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 537 <0.1 1.8 0.62 1.22 5 Temperature oC 525 17.3 29.2 22.9 27.5 c Chlorine Total mg/L 537 <0.1 2 0.72 1.40 5 mg/L as Total Hardness 12 43 83 58.17 78.6 200 Chromium mg/L 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 CaCO3 Copper mg/L 227 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Turbidity NTU 527 <0.05 11 0.16 0.32 5 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 6 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Zinc mg/L 227 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 3 3715 Fluoride mg/L 227 0.36 0.97 0.86 0.94 1.5 Lead mg/L 227 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 227 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Mercury mg/L 2 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Nickel mg/L 227 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 227 0.21 1.18 0.56 0.85 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 227 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 2 30 43 36.5 42.4 500 THMs ug/L 23 47 135 93 131 250

31 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Pine Rivers North – Chemical (health) performance Pine Rivers North – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 3 <0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 127 <0.02 0.42 0.03 0.06 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 3 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 125 <1 27 1.29 3.46 a Colour (True) PCU 125 <1 3.4 <1 1.38 15 Barium mg/L 3 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 318 205 557 273 309 b Beryllium mg/L 3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 101 <0.01 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 127 <0.01 0.29 0.01 0.05 0.3 Bromate mg/L 12 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.02 Manganese mg/L 127 <0.01 0.33 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 318 7 9.5 7.5 8.8 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 12 22 31 26.8 29.9 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 322 <0.1 2.5 1.3 2.1 5 Temperature oC 315 16 30.1 23.7 28.4 c Chlorine Total mg/L 322 <0.1 2.8 1.6 2.4 5 mg/L as Total Hardness 12 48 100 64 82 200 Chromium mg/L 3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 CaCO3 Copper mg/L 101 <0.01 0.05 <0.01 <0.01 2 Turbidity NTU 318 <0.05 8.8 0.14 0.28 5 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 9 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Zinc mg/L 101 <0.01 0.04 <0.01 <0.01 3 Fluoride mg/L 125 0.29 1.37 0.94 1.03 1.5 Lead mg/L 101 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 127 <0.01 0.33 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Mercury mg/L 3 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Nickel mg/L 101 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 125 0.11 1.47 0.60 1.02 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 125 <0.02 0.92 0.02 0.06 3 Selenium mg/L 3 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 3 48 50 49.3 50 500 THMs ug/L 24 46 112 69 91 250

33 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Pine Rivers South – Chemical (health) performance Pine Rivers South – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 235 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.05 0.2 Ammonia Free NH3 Arsenic mg/L 2 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.01 mg/L 643 <0.02 0.68 0.12 0.30 0.5 (calc) Barium mg/L 2 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Colour (Apparent) PCU 242 <1 3.1 1.25 2.40 a Beryllium mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Colour (True) PCU 234 <1 1.7 <1 1.20 15 Boron mg/L 2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Conductivity µS/cm 791 203 541 279 404 b Bromate mg/L 10 <0.005 0.01 <0.005 0.007 0.02 Copper mg/L 190 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Iron mg/L 235 <0.01 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.3 Cadmium mg/L 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 Manganese mg/L 235 <0.01 0.06 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Chlorine Free mg/L 829 <0.1 2.4 0.40 1.5 5 pH pH Units 791 7.1 8.3 7.7 8.0 6.5-9.2 Chlorine Total mg/L 830 <0.1 3.3 1.22 2.40 5 Sodium mg/L 10 21 40 28.0 38.2 180 Chromium mg/L 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Temperature oC 777 13.8 31.2 23.1 27.9 c mg/L as Copper mg/L 190 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Total Hardness 8 51 118 71.38 110.30 200 CaCO3 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 9 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Turbidity NTU 823 <0.05 1.8 0.14 0.25 5 Fluoride mg/L 234 0.42 0.98 0.87 0.94 1.5 Zinc mg/L 190 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 3 Lead mg/L 190 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 235 <0.01 0.06 <0.01 <0.01 0.5

Mercury mg/L 2 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Monochloramine mg/L 642 <0.02 2.17 0.43 1.43 3 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is NH2CI approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Nickel mg/L 190 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 688 0.08 5.67 1.20 3.25 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 688 <0.02 0.85 0.09 0.46 3 Selenium mg/L 2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 2 27 31 29.0 30.8 500 THMs ug/L 32 25 140 75 136 250

35 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Railway Towns – Chemical (health) performance Railway Towns – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 215 <0.02 0.03 <0.02 0.02 0.2 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 Colour (Apparent) PCU 215 <1 2.1 <1 1.2 a Colour (True) PCU 215 <1 1 <1 <1 15 Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Conductivity µS/cm 581 139 272 189 221 b Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Copper mg/L 215 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 1 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Iron mg/L 215 <0.01 0.05 <0.01 0.02 0.3 Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 0.01 0.007 0.010 0.02 Manganese mg/L 215 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 pH pH Units 581 6.9 9.1 7.7 8.6 6.5-9.2 Sodium mg/L 4 9 15 11.3 14.4 180 Chlorine Free mg/L 579 <0.1 2.8 0.93 1.70 5 Temperature oC 574 15.6 28.7 22.3 27.0 c Chlorine Total mg/L 579 <0.1 3 1.02 1.80 5 Turbidity NTU 581 <0.05 0.61 0.10 0.20 5 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Zinc mg/L 215 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 3 Copper mg/L 215 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 2 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 4 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Fluoride mg/L 215 0.28 0.96 0.81 0.91 1.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) Lead mg/L 213 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Manganese mg/L 215 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 c - No guideline limit for Temperature Nickel mg/L 213 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 215 0.29 1.76 0.76 1.60 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 215 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 17 17 17.0 17.0 500 THMs ug/L 12 37 86 56 78 250

37 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Redcliffe – Chemical (health) performance Redcliffe – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 119 <0.02 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.2 Ammonia Free NH3 Arsenic mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 mg/L 257 <0.02 0.25 0.06 0.19 0.5 (calc) Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Colour (Apparent) PCU 122 <1 5.9 1.56 2.40 a Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Colour (True) PCU 119 <1 1.8 <1 1.20 15 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Conductivity µS/cm 257 216 401 258 319 b Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.02 Copper mg/L 119 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 1 Iron mg/L 122 <0.01 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.3 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 Manganese mg/L 119 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Chlorine Free mg/L 264 <0.1 1.1 <0.1 0.40 5 pH pH Units 257 7.1 7.9 7.5 7.7 6.5-9.2 Chlorine Total mg/L 264 <0.1 2.1 0.43 1.50 5 Sodium mg/L 4 20 31 24.3 30.0 180 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Temperature oC 250 15.2 31.3 24.5 29.6 c Copper mg/L 119 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 2 Turbidity NTU 265 <0.05 3.6 0.16 0.26 5 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 3 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Zinc mg/L 119 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 3 Fluoride mg/L 119 0.37 0.94 0.84 0.92 1.5 Lead mg/L 110 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 119 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Monochloramine mg/L 257 <0.02 1.14 0.09 0.51 3 c - No guideline limit for Temperature NH2CI Nickel mg/L 110 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 257 0.5 3.63 2.20 3.17 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 257 <0.02 0.69 0.12 0.40 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 26 26 26 26 500 THMs ug/L 12 20 64 45 62 250

39 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Woodford – Chemical (health) performance Woodford – Chemical (aesthetic) performance

Number Number Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Min Max Average 95th ADWG Met Parameter Units Of Parameter Units Of Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Result Result Result Percentile Guideline ADWG Samples Samples Antimony mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.003 Aluminium mg/L 36 <0.02 0.07 0.03 0.05 0.2 Ammonia Free NH3 Arsenic mg/L 1 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.01 mg/L 127 <0.02 0.07 <0.02 <0.02 0.5 (calc) Barium mg/L 1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 2 Colour (Apparent) PCU 36 <1 1.8 <1 1.33 a Beryllium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.06 Colour (True) PCU 36 <1 1 <1 <1 15 Boron mg/L 1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 4 Conductivity µS/cm 129 187 398 250 301 b Bromate mg/L 4 <0.005 0.008 <0.005 0.007 0.02 Copper mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 Iron mg/L 36 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.01 0.3 Cadmium mg/L 1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 Manganese mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 Chlorine Free mg/L 128 <0.1 1.8 1.00 1.40 5 pH pH Units 129 7.4 9 8.1 8.5 6.5-9.2 Chlorine Total mg/L 128 <0.1 2 1.19 1.60 5 Sodium mg/L 4 15 25 21.8 24.9 180 Chromium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 Temperature oC 125 16.8 27 22.1 26.4 c Copper mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2 Turbidity NTU 129 <0.05 0.67 0.13 0.23 5 Cyanogen Chloride mg/L 3 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 <0.004 0.08 Zinc mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3 Fluoride mg/L 36 0.45 0.95 0.84 0.93 1.5 Lead mg/L 32 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Manganese mg/L 36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.5 a - No guideline limit for Colour (Apparent) b - ADWG guideline limit is for 600mg/L as total dissolved solids. This is Mercury mg/L 1 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 <0.0005 0.001 approximately equal to a conductivity of 1000µS/cm. Monochloramine mg/L 127 <0.02 0.33 0.03 0.07 3 c - No guideline limit for Temperature NH2CI Nickel mg/L 32 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 Nitrate NO3 (calc) mg/L 127 0.74 4.12 1.88 3.51 50 Nitrite as NO2 mg/L 127 <0.02 1.35 0.02 <0.02 3 Selenium mg/L 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Sulphate mg/L 1 26 26 26 26 500 THMs ug/L 12 20 101 64 101 250

41 Unitywater | Drinking Water Quality Report 2014–15 Topic in focus:

slice of lemon… the lemon will instantaneously react Chlorine is a chemical which has been used in water Chlorine with the chlorine and remove the unwanted taste! treatment since the late 1800s. It can be added to water in gaseous, liquid or solid form, and is a very powerful The advantages of chlorination cannot be overstated. disinfectant. The main objective of adding chlorine to The World Health Organisation estimates that water is to kill or inactivate harmful microorganisms why does it more than 500,000 deaths per year are caused by which may be present in the “raw” water, which if left contaminated drinking water. If water was able to be untreated could cause illness to the general population. adequately treated and disinfected, most if not all of Generally, the most vulnerable groups are the very old, these deaths could be prevented. very young, and those who have weakened immune matter? systems due to other illnesses or illness treatments.

The greatest risks to consumers Disinfection is of unquestionable of drinking water are pathogenic importance in the supply of safe drinking microorganisms. Disinfection is the single water. The destruction of pathogenic process that has had the greatest impact on microorganisms is essential… drinking water safety. There is clear evidence that the common adoption of chlorination of World Health Organisation 2011 - drinking water supplies in the 20th century Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. was responsible for a substantial decrease in infectious diseases. There are two main aspects to manage when using chlorine in water. These include:

Disinfection by-products. These are a range of chemicals which can form when chlorine reacts National Health & Medical Research with natural organic matter in the water. Above Council 2011 – Australian Drinking Water certain levels these by-products can be harmful to Guidelines. health; however levels of disinfection by-products in Unitywater’s water supply systems are low. Further reading: World Health Organisation 2015 – Drinking Water Fact Taste. The level of chlorine required to provide Sheet http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ a disinfectant residual is often above the taste fs391/en/ threshold for many people. This taste can be described as “metallic”, “chemical” or even “like Scientific American 1998 - How does chlorine added bleach” in some cases. We find that most of our calls to drinking water kill bacteria and other harmful regarding chlorine taste in water are from customers organisms? Why doesn’t it harm us? who have only recently moved into the area. If you http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-does- are particularly sensitive to the taste of chlorine, chlorine-added-t/ consider filling a bottle with water and including a

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