ISLAND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN Tarxien, MALTA ISLAND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN Tarxien, Malta Executive Summary The European Union, in its bid to lead the global fight against climate change has committed itself to reduce the overall emissions to at least 20% below 1990 levels by the year 2020. The EU has also acknowledged the key role that local authorities have to play in the achievement of the EU’s energy and climate objectives. To reach this goal, local communities themselves have voluntarily agreed to reduce their emissions beyond this 20% target. Studies developed in the 5 localities of Malta involved in the project show how they can reduce emissions. The quantifiable actions of the SEAPs discussed in this document shall reduce the emissions in Tarxien by 23%/ Objectives, targets and expected results In this plan, objectives and targets were set for the year 2020 and the actions for sustainable energy to achieve these targets were studied. The objectives, targets and expected results in the year 2020 with the implementation of the plan’s actions are presented in the following table. 2005 has been chosen as a Baseline year because is from this year in advance when the data is more complete and reliable to develop the study Table 1 Objectives, targets and expected results in 2020 Expected Objectives Targets results Improve security of Increase by 20% the number of days of autonomy of >20% 1. energy supply. primary energy storage in comparison to 2005. (estimate) Increase to 20% the use of regional energy resources in 21% Reduce energy primary energy demand. 2. dependence from Increase to 50% the use of regional energy resources in abroad. 50% electricity production. Reduce energy Reduce by 20% the energy intensity in Gross Domestic >20% 3. intensity in Gross Product (primary energy/Gross Domestic Product) (estimate) Domestic Product. compared to 2005. Reduce carbon 4. Reduce CO2 by 20% in comparison to 2005. 23% dioxide emissions. Budget The overall budget for the conduction of these projects will be of Euro 415,050 ii | P a g e ISLAND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN Tarxien, Malta Contents 1. CONTEXT .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. GEOGRAPHY AND TERRITORY .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. DEMOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3. ECONOMY ............................................................................................................................................. 10 1.4. POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURES ......................................................................................... 14 1.4.1. NATIONAL POLITICS ...................................................................................................................................... 14 1.4.2. LOCAL POLITICS ............................................................................................................................................ 15 2. OVERALL STRATEGY .............................................................................................................20 2.1. OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS ...................................................................................................................... 20 2.2. STRATEGIC GUIDELINES ......................................................................................................................... 21 3. ENERGY BALANCE AND EMISSION INVENTORY .........................................................24 3.1 ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE MALTESE ISLANDS .................................................... 24 3.1.1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY TRENDS ........................................................................................................................ 24 3.1.2. ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY MEASURES ......................................................................................................... 24 3.1.3. NATIONAL CONTEXT OF ENERGY SAVINGS ........................................................................................................ 27 3.2 GLOBAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN MALTA ................................................................................................. 27 3.3 TARXIEN CONSUMPTION ......................................................................................................................... 31 3.3.1 ENERGY CONSUMPTION ................................................................................................................................. 31 3.3.2 EMISSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE ...................................................................................................................... 32 3.4 FINAL ENERGY DEMAND ........................................................................................................................ 33 3.5 SECONDARY ENERGY CONVERSION .......................................................................................................... 35 3.6 PRIMARY ENERGY DEMAND .................................................................................................................... 35 3.7 EMISSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE ................................................................................................................ 36 4. ACTIONS .....................................................................................................................................37 4.1 TARXIEN ............................................................................................................................................... 37 5. ORGANIZATIONAL AND FINANCIAL MECHANISMS ...................................................41 5.1 COORDINATION AND ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES .................................................................................. 41 5.2 STAFF CAPACITY .................................................................................................................................... 43 5.3 INVOLVEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................................................... 45 5.4 BUDGET ................................................................................................................................................ 46 TABLE 20 COST FOR IMPLEMENTATION FOR TARXIEN LOCAL COUNCIL ............................................................... 47 FINANCING SOURCES AND INSTRUMENTS........................................................................................................... 50 5.5 MONITORING AND FOLLOW-UP ................................................................................................................ 50 6. REFERENCE SECTION ..............................................................................................................52 iii | P a g e ISLAND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN Tarxien, Malta List of Figures Figure 1 Acquaducts 6 Figure 2 Modern Architecture 6 Figure 3 18thc Painting showing the Tarxien agricultural community 18 Figure 4 Aerial view of Tarxien 18 List of Charts Chart 1 Percentage Population by Region 10 Chart 2 Unemployment in Malta 2000-2011 13 Chart 3 Energy Consumption by Sector for Malta 29 Chart 4 Energy Consumption by Sector in Tarxien 31 Chart 5 Energy Consumption by Source in Tarxien 32 Chart 6 Carbon dioxide Emission by Sector Tarxien 32 Chart 7 Carbon Dioxide Emission by Source Tarxien 33 Chart 8 Electrical Consumption Share in Malta 33 Chart 9 Fossil Fuel Imports in Tonnes (1971 – 2009) 34 Chart 10 Energy Balance in Malta 34 Chart 11 Management Structure 42 List of Tables Table 1 Objectives, Targets and Expected Results ii Table 2 Population in Malta 1950-2011 4 Table 3 Population Distribution by District 9 Table 4 GDP per Inhabitant 11 Table 5 GDP Real Growth Rate 12 Table 6 GDP in Malta Expressed by Sector 12 Table 7 List of Ministries Related to Energy and Environment 14 iv | P a g e ISLAND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN Tarxien, Malta Table 8 Agencies Under Respective Ministries 15 Table 9 Target for 2020 20 Table 10 Strategic Guideline per Objective 22 Table 11 CO2 Emissions of the Tarxien Community 23 Table 12 Energy Consumption in Malta by Year 28 Table 13 Energy Policy for Malta 30 Table 14 Renewable Energy Source Generation in Malta by 2020 30 Table 15 Conversion of Energy and Losses 35 Table 16 Primary Energy Converted in Secondary Energy 35 Table 17 Primary Energy Demand 35 Table 18 Primary Energy Converted in Secondary Energy by Fossil Fuel 36 Table 19 Actions for Tarxien Local Council 37 Table 29 Budget for Action for Tarxien Local Council 47 List of Maps Map 1 The Maltese Islands in Europe 1 Map 2 The Maltese Archipelago 2 Map 3 The Localities of Malta 4 Map 4 Distribution of Population 7 Map 5 Maltese Statistical Districts 8 Map 6 The Maltese Islands with the Five Localities involved in the Project 16 v | P a g e ISLAND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN Tarxien, Malta 1. CONTEXT 1.1. Geography and Territory Malta is an archipelago composed of 5 islands (Malta, Gozo and Comino, Comminetto and Filfla), with only the three largest islands, Malta, Gozo and Commino being inhabited. The Maltese archipelago is situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, 100 km south of Sicily and 300 km north of Libya. The capital of the country is Valletta. Malta has been a member of the European Union