Nord Stream 2 Monitoring Strategy Germany
Nord Stream 2 AG | May-18
W-PE-EMO-PGE-SOW-800-MONITOEN-01 Page 2 of 48
Content
1 Monitoring Strategy Germany ...... 3 2 Environmental Construction Supervision onshore (2018-2020) ...... 3 2.1 S1, S2 – Protection of soil and groundwater ...... 9 2.2 S3, S4, M13 – Construction fence, amphibian strand guide ...... 10 2.3 M9, M11, M12 – Construction period limitations, reduction of noise and light immissions to protect breeding birds and bats ...... 11 2.4 M10, CEF1 & 2 – Bat sites and nesting boxes for starlings ...... 12 3 Environmental Construction Supervision offshore, territorial waters M-WP (2018/2019) ...... 13 3.1 M 1/M 2/M 3 Dredging strategy ...... 15 3.2 M 4/M 5 Turbidity monitoring ...... 16 3.3 Traffic monitoring ...... 20 4 Environmental Construction Supervision offshore, continental shelf (2018/2019) 21 5 Construction monitoring ...... 22 5.1 Underwater noise measurements ...... 22 5.2 Staging birds ...... 24 5.3 Harbour porpoises ...... 25 5.4 Grey seals ...... 26 6 Documentation of the environmental conditions on completion of the pipe-laying process (2019/2020) ...... 28 6.1 As-built survey ...... 28 6.2 Sediment parameters ...... 28 7 Monitoring of the regeneration of habitat types at Natura 2000 sites under the Habitats Directive affected by construction work (2019-2022) ...... 29 7.1 Habitat types under the Habitats Directive /marine biotopes ...... 29 7.1.1 Morphology of the seabed...... 29 7.1.2 Sediment parameters ...... 29 7.1.3 Macrozoobenthos – infauna ...... 30 7.1.4 Macrozoobenthos – epifauna, Bay of Pomerania, EEZ ...... 38 7.1.5 Macrozoobenthos – epifauna, reef, Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold ...... 39 7.1.6 Macrozoobenthos – epifauna, pipeline ...... 41 7.2 Seabirds ...... 42 8 References ...... 46 9 Annexes Survey methods ...... 48 9.1 Annex 1 - Turbidity supervision manual ...... 48
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1 Monitoring Strategy Germany Environmental monitoring for the Nord Stream 2 project is structured according to following tasks: • Environmental Construction Supervision onshore (2018-2020) • Environmental Construction Supervision offshore, territorial waters M-WP (2018/2019) • Environmental Construction Supervision offshore, continental shelf (2018/2019) • Construction supervision monitoring of bird species and marine mammals in the Natura 2000 areas (2018/2019) • Documentation of the environmental conditions on completion of the pipe-laying pro- cess (2019/2020) • Monitoring of the regeneration of protected assets at Natura 2000 sites affected by the construction work (2019-2022) • Determination of potential cross-border impacts.
The Monitoring Strategy was coordinated with the nature conservation and approval author- ities responsible according to ancillary provision A 3.8.5 of the plan approval decision dated 31.01.2018 and ancillary provision R.53 of the EEZ approval dated 27.03.2018.
The aim of the Environmental Construction Supervision (ECS) is to monitor adherence to ancillary provisions under nature conservation law and the conditions imposed by the plan approval decision dated 31.01.2018 as well as the EEZ approval dated 27.03.2018. Addi- tional tasks arise from the assurance and control of conflict avoidance and mitigation measures, including measures resulting from the specialised wildlife protection study and the landscape conservation and management plan. Environmental Construction Supervision begins in January 2018 prior to the start of con- struction and will be continued through to the operation phase. Final tasks concern the res- toration of temporary onshore construction site set-up areas. The separate tasks of the ECS for the onshore sections of the pipeline route in the “Lubminer Heide” business park, the territorial waters (12 nautical mile zone – Bay of Greifswald and Bay of Pomerania) and the continental shelf (Exclusive Economic Zone, EEZ) will be desig- nated below.
2 Environmental Construction Supervision onshore (2018-2020) Nord Stream 2 has commissioned UmweltPlan GmbH Stralsund to undertake the ECS on- shore. The work of the ECS onshore will be continuously documented. On a monthly basis, a status report will be compiled and submitted to Stralsund Mining Authority, StALU Vor- pommern (State Office of Agriculture and the Environment of Mecklenburg-Western Pomer- ania) as well as to the Environmental Department of the District of Western Pomerania- Greifswald. In the case of exceptional events occurring, the authorities responsible are to be informed without delay.
The ECS onshore serves to implement/adhere to the onshore measures (application docu- ment G.02 – measure sheets) within the Industrial and Commercial Park Lubminer Heide, for which there is a legally effective plan B ("Lubminer Heide" joint body, 2004, 2007) and here within the designated areas GI 1.2 and GI 1.3).
Onshore measures S 1 Protection of the soil, groundwater, and surface water from pollution ingress
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S 2 Protection and restoration of the topsoil S 3 Erection of a fence around the operation site of the pig receiving station and around the areas used during construction S 4 Construction-related shrub protective measures according to DIN 18920 M 9 Building site clearance prior to the breeding season in order to prevent killing and injury of breeding birds M 10 Survey of shrubs and trees at the building site regarding the occurrence of bats prior to the building site clearance M 11 Reduction of light immissions during construction activities and operation M 12 Reduction of noise emissions from onshore construction work during the breeding peri- ods of birds and bats M 13 Access route from the parking area and office building to the construction site of the pig receiving station Species protection measures CEF 1 Establish surrogate and evasion habitats for starlings CEF 2 Create replacement sites for the soprano pipistrelle Design measures G 1 Implementation of the specifications of development plan no.1 Lubminer Heide Industrial and Commercial Park to plant trees for greenspace replacement of parking spaces
The ECS onshore within the Industrial and Commercial Park Lubminer Heide services serves to implement/observe the relevant ancillary provisions under immission protection law, water law and nature conservation law (plan approval decision dated 31.01.2018).
A.3.3 Immission control
A.3.3.1 The immissions emanating from the project developer's construction site may not contribute in a significant way to immission levels of the general adminis- trative regulation for protection against construction noise (AVV Baulärm) dated 19.08.1970 being exceeded at the key immission locations within the area of impact of the construction site during the construction phase (supple- ment to BAnz. No.160 dated 01.09.1970).
A.3.3.2 The provisions of the 32nd Regulation on the implementation of the Federal Immissions Control Act (BImSchV, equipment and machinery noise control regulation – 32 BImSchV) dated 29.8.2002 (BGBl. I p. 3478), last amended by Section 83 of the Regulation dated 31.08.2015 (BGBl. I p. 1474) are to be im- plemented.
A.3.3.3 The immissions emanating from the operation of the project developer's sys- tem may not contribute significantly to the immission levels of the general ad- ministrative regulation for the Federal Immissions Control Act (Technical in- structions for noise protection –TA Lärm) dated 26.08.1998 being exceeded at the key immission locations within the area of impact of the installation (GMBl No. 26/1998 p. 503).
A.3.3.4 When construction contracts are awarded, the contractor must be obliged by the project developer to observe existing noise protection regulations.
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A.3.3.5 Onshore traffic and service routes are to be asphalted taking into account foreseeable traffic loads. Dust emissions caused by construction activities, ve- hicle movements and weather are to be avoided or minimised by means of suitable measures such as moistening, cleaning and attachment.
A.3.3.6 In the course of construction activities, the immission levels set out in the Noise Assessment dated 21.12.2016 (cf. application document, Part I2.06, Part I2.07) are to be implemented and noise protection measures are to be verifiably applied where relevant. The following immission levels may not be exceeded at the relevant immission locations: Industrial areas day/night 70 dB(A) Commercial areas day 65 dB(A) night 50 dB(A) Special area (Lubmin marina) day 65 dB(A) night 50 dB(A) General residential areas day55 dB(A) (town of Lubmin) night 40 dB(A) Purely residential areas day 50 dB(A) (town of Spandowerhagen) night 35 dB(A)
A.3.3.7 Realisation of the noise reduction measures set out in the noise immissions forecasts are to be regularly inspected by a recognised body as part of the en- vironmental construction monitoring/ECS process. The inspection protocols are to be submitted to Stralsund Mining Authority.
A.3.3.8 In the course of construction activities, the levels are to be observed accord- ing to DIN 4150 Part 2 (Vibrations in construction; impact on people in build- ings – June 1999) and according to DIN 4150, Part 3, "Vibrations in construc- tion, impact on structural facilities") as defined by the Vibrations Assessment (cf. application document, Part I2.11), as required by the "Information on measurement, assessment and reduction of vibrational immissions" issued by the State Committee for Immissions Control (LAI; May 2000).
A.3.3.9 The lighting required for the construction and safe operation of the gas pipe- line is to be limited to the space and time required. Suitable anti-dazzle measures and the appropriate lighting are to be used so as to minimise luring effects on insects; spotlights are to be used in such a way that the max. up- ward tilt angle is 40°.
A.3.3.10 The emergency power diesel described in the application document (cf. appli- cation document, Part I1.04, Chapter 2.6) is to be operated as follows: The emergency power generation system may only be operated using extra- light heating oil with a max. sulphur content of 0.1 mass % of DIN 51603, Part 1. Adherence to the sulphur content is to be confirmed by means of supplier confirmation. The emergency power generation system is to be set up and operated in such a way that the following emission limits are not exceeded in the exhaust emis- sions of the emergency diesel power units of the emissions sources:
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• Dust 80 mg/m³ • Formaldehyde 60 mg/m³. The emission limits refer to the exhaust gas volume in normal state (tempera- ture 273,15 K, pressure 101.3 kPa) after deduction of the steam moisture con- tent and to a volume content of oxygen in the exhaust gas of 5%. Prior to putting the system into operation, a manufacturer declaration is to be submitted to the supervisory authority confirming that a power unit is being used which reliably adheres to the above emission levels.
A.3.6 Use of water
A.3.6.1 The start and finish of the construction measures (digging and dumping work, set-up of construction facilities, groundwater lowering, water discharge) are to be reported in writing to Stralsund Mining Authority and StALU Vorpommern as the responsible lower water authority in advance, at least two weeks be- forehand.
A.3.6.6 The required groundwater amounts are to be determined using suitable meas- urement devices and recorded. The project developer is to compile and coor- dinate a monitoring programme for groundwater observation with the lower water authority at least two weeks prior to the groundwater lowering. Before and during drainage operations, the groundwater levels are to be observed at the appropriate points (in the inflow and outflow area, for example) by means of groundwater measuring stations (gauges). The results of groundwater mon- itoring are to be submitted to the Stralsund Mining Authority and the lower wa- ter authority on request.
A.3.6.7 The planned drainage measures are to be carried out by appropriate special- ist companies according to the generally recognised technological regulations. The drainage measures are to be limited to the scope that is absolutely nec- essary for the project. The permit-holder is responsible for all damages in- curred as a result of the groundwater lowering or the drainage of the ground- water extracted.
A.3.6.8 In the area of the drainage, measures are to be taken to secure evidence on buildings and infrastructural facilities if the drawdown cone rises to their level and the owners request it.
A.3.6.9 Water use is subject to a fee. The chargeable party is to pay a fee for the withdrawal, extraction, channelling and drainage of groundwater according to Section 16 Paragraph 1 No. 2 LWaG (State Water Act). The lower water au- thority is to be informed of the actual volumes of water extracted (using the form issued by the State Office of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology M-WP "Declaration of Water Extraction Fee") by 31.01. of each year for the preceding year.
A.3.6.10 Insofar as contamination of the extracted ground water, bay water or pressure test water is discovered (e.g. visually or by smell), suitable cleaning measures are to be taken prior to drainage in trench 60, if necessary water use is to be discontinued. The Stralsund Mining Authority and the lower water authority are to be notified immediately. If the extracted groundwater is contaminated with suspended matter or sediment, mechanical cleaning must be carried out
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prior to drainage into surface waters (e.g. ball filter, sedimentation tank) in or- der to minimise the sediment load. In order to avoid clogging, measures are to be applied as required such as the use of storage banks, aeration etc. The groundwater may not undergo any detrimental change prior to drainage.
A.3.8 Nature conservation
A.3.8.1 The nature conservation authority is to be informed of the start of construction implementation. In addition, the project developer is to inform the lower nature conservation authority of the district of Western Pomerania-Greifswald in good time of any schedule changes in relation to the onshore construction work.
A.3.8.2 The avoidance and mitigation measures named in the application documents are to be implemented (cf. application document, Part G.01, Chapter 9, p. 238 ff.). …
A.3.8.6 An Environmental Construction Supervision (including pedological aspects) is to be commissioned for the project. The Environmental Construction Supervi- sion monitors and documents on site the proper implementation of avoidance and mitigation measures (cf. application document, Part G.01, Chapter 9) and other ancillary provisions under nature conservation law and is to be carried out by a trained specialist. The following objectives of the Environmental Construction Supervision are to be noted in particular: Secure and monitor conflict avoidance and mitigation measures- Implement the monitoring strategy …
The Environmental Construction Supervision attends construction consulta- tions and provides instructions for employees regarding environmental and ecological aspects of construction implementation. In the event of deviations from environmental stipulations, these likewise have to be documented. The project developer is to inform the plan approval authorities immediately of any such deviations. The documentation of the Environmental Construction Su- pervision is to be submitted to the plan approval authority at least on a monthly basis or immediately on special request.
The planning approval authority is to be informed of the contact partner for the Environmental Construction Supervision in good time in writing prior to the start of construction in each case. The authority for nature conservation is to be provided with a monthly status report on implementation and monitoring and a final report is to be submitted no later than six months after the end of each construction phase (onshore, offshore).
A.3.8.7 The construction time constraints under nature conservation law set out in the planning documents are to be observed (cf. application document, Part G.02).
A.3.8.15 While the work is being carried out as well as during the set-up and operation of the onshore construction site and storage sites, the provisions of DIN 18920 (vegetation technology in landscaping – protection of trees, plantations and vegetations during construction work, 2002-08) are to be observed.
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A.3.8.16 As a supplement to the measure sheets M8 to M11 (cf. application document, Part G.02), light sources with a harmless colour spectrum (e.g. sodium vapour lamps) are to be used so as to minimise the light trap effect on insects, insofar as this is permitted under health and safety law.
A.3.8.17 The CEF measures 1 and 2 (Continuous Ecological Functionality measures; cf. application document, Part G.01) have to be applied and effective prior to the intervention. The functional capability of these CEF measures is to be en- sured during the entire sustenance period.
A.3.8.18 Completion of the CEF measures is to be reported. After completion of each measure, an official approval inspection must be carried out with the lower na- ture conservation authorities and the Stralsund Mining Authority.
A.3.8.19 In order to prevent nature protection legislation offences with regard to the moor frog, which is strictly protected under BArtSchV ("Bundesartenschutzge- setz" - Federal Special Protection Act) and Annex IV Habitats Directive, am- phibian protection fences are to be set up in the area of the pig receiving sta- tion. The amphibian protection fences are to be set up for the period of the be- ginning of March to the end of October. The Environmental Construction Su- pervision is to verify and continuously monitor the set-up of the amphibian protection fences and if necessary undertake adjustments of the amphibian protection fences, depending on the weather. The Environmental Construction Supervision is also to secure appropriate installation of catch buckets at all crossing points along the amphibian fences during the main migration periods from the beginning of March to the end of May and from the beginning of Au- gust to the end of October. Daily monitoring of the catch buckets in the early hours and the release of all frogs caught in the buckets outside the danger area is also to be carried out under the authority of the Environmental Con- struction Supervision.
A.3.8.20 The suspected winter hibernation site of the common noctule in the northern area of the pig receiving station as described (cf. application document, Part F.07, Chapter 5.1.3.2.4, p.79) is to be inspected for occupation prior to felling of the relevant tree. If occupation of the winter hibernation site with bats is dis- covered, the animals are to be appropriately resettled. If they cannot be reset- tled, the tree in question must be felled in segments. Segments which contain hibernation sites must be taken down carefully and moved to a new location, whereby the entrance to the hibernation sites is to be closed while the work is in progress. The loss of the verified hibernation tree is to be compensated for by the hanging of suitable boxes big enough to hold the common noctule in a 1:7 ratio at a suitable distance from the construction area. The location of any necessary substitute hibernation sites is to be coordinated with the nature conservation authority.
A.3.8.21 The trenches and soil piles are to be created so that they cannot be settled by sand martins.
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2.1 S1, S2 – Protection of soil and groundwater During the basic surveys in 2017, two groundwater measuring stations were set-up and mon- itored in the area of the pig receiving station. In the course of construction preparation work (clearance, excavation, levelling), these measuring stations were removed and replaced in February 2018 and after completion of the clearance work by three new ones (Table 1, Fig. 1). The position of the measuring stations during the construction phase was coordinated with the lower water authority in autumn 2017.
Table 1: Coordinates (UTMS zone N 33 ETRS 89) of the measuring stations installed in Feb- ruary/March 2018 for groundwater monitoring during construction Groundwater Easting Northing Location measuring
GMS 1 (411578) 6000704.6 Start trench – microtunnel outflow GMS 2 (411541) 6000639.4 Start trench – microtunnel / construction trench anchor bl k GMS 3 411606 6000599.5 Construction trench anchor blocks – outflow
Inflow point Groundwater meas- uring station Pig receiving station Groundwater measuring station Drainage basin
Fig. 1: Groundwater measuring stations during the construction phase
In the course of the ECS, the measuring results of the groundwater monitoring are to be checked regularly and compared to the registered extraction quantities. The drainage water
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quality is likewise to be regularly monitored/documented. The same applies to the implemen- tation of/adherence to measures to avoid contamination of the soil and groundwater (ancil- lary provisions A 3.6 water use). The soil work (excavation, disposal, storage, level surfaces for the operating areas and thor- oughfares, topsoil installation) is likewise to be supervised and documented. Finally, the op- erating areas are to be measured and compared with the application. In the event of devia- tions, a subsequent assessment is carried out.
2.2 S3, S4, M13 – Construction fence, amphibian strand guide The building site clearance was carried out in February 2018, prior to the start of the migra- tion period of amphibians and the reproduction period of breeding birds and bats. After com- pletion of the preparatory clearance and soil work, a construction fence will be set up in March 2018 so as to protect the adjacent biotopes and shrubs. The construction fence will also be fitted with a privacy screen (where necessary). In order to protect migration amphib- ians, an amphibian strand guide will also be installed in March 2018 (after the frost period is over); this will include the construction sites of the pig receiving station (Nord Stream 2) and EST Lubmin 2 (Gascade) together (Fig. 2). The ECS will carry out regular inspections on the state of the protective facilities and super- vise the catch buckets of the amphibian strand guide in the area of the access routes during the migration periods.
730 m amphibian protection facility
NordStream 2 construction area
Gascade construction area
Fig. 2: Course of the amphibian strand guide (ASG) in the area of the pig receiving station (NSP2) and the EES (Gascade)
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2.3 M9, M11, M12 – Construction period limitations, reduction of noise and light immissions to protect breeding birds and bats In this regard, the ECS activities comprise the following: • Documentation of construction sequence (keeping of an ecological construction di- ary/compilation of construction protocols, compilation of photographic documentation, preservation of evidence in the event of damage, monitoring of adherence to construc- tion period regulations) • Regular monitoring of the construction site in terms of the correct implementation of measures and adherence to ancillary provisions • Inspection of proper restoration of all areas used during the construction period • Monitoring of environmental measures, compilation of protocols with details of the cor- rective measures required in the event of complaints
This also includes monitoring of measures to reduce construction-related emissions serving to protect breeding birds and bats. The varying degree of construction lighting, depending on the work planned, is to be regularly monitored (height, shielding, orientation, type).
Noise measuring point Pig receiving station
Fig. 3: Position of the permanent measuring stations for noise at the immission locations of the town of Lubmin and Lubmin marina
At the immission locations of the town of Lubmin and Lubmin marina, permanent noise meas- uring stations were set up in February 2018 by a recognised measurement expert (Bonk -
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Maire - Hoppmann GbR) (Fig. 3). Occasional comparative measurements will be carried out at the other immission locations (cf. Ancillary provision A.3.3.6). Based on the measurement protocols, the ECS checks adherence to the ancillary provisions (A.3.3 Immission protection) and measure M12 (during the reproduction period 01.04.-15.07. immissions drop below a level of 47 dB(A) at a distance of approx. 100 m).
2.4 M10, CEF1 & 2 – Bat sites and nesting boxes for starlings In summer 2017, three inspections were carried out in the forest at the pig receiving station so as to determine habitat structures and potential bat hibernation sites. The first survey involved a visual inspection of all trees. The second survey involved an examination of po- tential habitat structures with an endoscope and telescope, before the third inspection was carried out to check potential habitat structures using bat detectors. As a result, one hollow tree was found in the entire clearance area which did not exclude potential use as a winter hibernation site for the common noctule. Immediately prior to the start of the clearance work in February 2018, all cavities were thus inspected by a bat expert once again for occupation. The result of the inspection was negative. During the clearance work, the cavities were opened and inspected once again. No bats were found (NSP2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION – Onshore M10). After the clearance work had been completed, the two CEF measures were implemented in February 2018. Bat sites and starling boxes were hung up in the coastal protection woods. The position of the boxes was measured (Fig. 4). Implemen- tation of measure M10 and CEF1&2 has been completed. Two separate reports were com- piled for documentation purposes (NSP2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION – Onshore CEF 1 and 2, incl. cartographic display in csv format or shp format).
Starling boxes (CEF 1) Bat cavity – summer site (CEF 2) Bat cavity – winter hibernation site (CEF 2)
Fig. 4: Distribution of bat winter hibernation sites and nesting boxes in Lubmin coastal woods.
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3 Environmental Construction Supervision offshore, territorial waters M-WP (2018/2019) Nord Stream 2 has commissioned IMPaC Offshore Engineering GmbH to carry out the ECS offshore. The work of the ECS offshore will be continuously documented. On a monthly ba- sis, a status report will be compiled and submitted to Stralsund Mining Authority, StALU Vor- pommern (State Office of Agriculture and the Environment of Mecklenburg-Western Pomer- ania). If exceptional events occur, the authorities responsible are to be informed without de- lay.
The ECS offshore in the M-WP territorial waters serves to implement/adhere to offshore measures (application document G.02 – measure sheets).
Offshore measures Minimisation of the area of intervention in hard soil biotopes within the Site of Commu- M 1 nity Interest (SCI) M 2 Minimisation of the area of intervention in soft soil biotopes within the Bay of Greifswald Re-establishment of the seabed in trenched areas and at the interim marine storage M 3 facility Reduction of turbidity plumes due to the deployment of mechanical dredgers within the M 4 FFH areas Compliance with turbidity limits of 50 mg/l at a distance of 500 m from the source of the suspension, whereby in the short term up to 100 mg/l in addition to the background M 5 suspension could be possible within SCI in coastal waters of M-WP as well as in the interim marine storage facility. M 6 Construction time constraints from the middle of May until the end of December in the Bay of Greifswald and in the south-west of the Bay of Pomerania M 7 Construction time constraints in the Bay of Pomerania from KP 53
M 8 Reduction of light immissions during offshore construction activities.
The ECS offshore in the M-WP territorial waters serves to implement/adhere to the relevant ancillary provisions under immissions protection law, water law and nature conservation law (plan approval decision dated 31.01.2018).
A.3.3.6 In the course of construction activities, the immission levels set out in the Noise Assessment dated 21.12.2016 (cf. application document, Part I2.06, Part I2.07) are to be implemented and noise protection measures verifiably applied where relevant. The following immission levels may not be exceeded at the relevant immission locations: Industrial areas day/night 70 dB(A) Commercial areas day 65 dB(A) night 50 dB(A) Special area (Lubmin marina) day 65 dB(A) night 50 dB(A) General residential areas day55 dB(A) (town of Lubmin) night 40 dB(A) Purely residential areas day 50 dB(A) (town of Spandowerhagen) night 35 dB(A)
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During night time with the addition of the day times with increased sensitivity (8:00 pm to 7:00 am), the backhoe dredger and pipe-laying barge are to ob- serve the following minimum distances as defined by the offshore construction noise study (volume of materials I2.06): • from the nearest point on the coastline in the area of Lubmin - backhoe dredger without convoy: 4,000 m - pipe-laying barge without convoy: 1,500 m - together with convoy – backhoe dredger: 4,600 m and pipe-laying barge: 2,600 m • from the nearest point on the coastline in the area of Rügen/Thiessow - with convoy – backhoe dredger: 3,100 m and pipe-laying barge: on pipe- line line
It is admissible to move in closer than these distances if the levels specified in the construction survey (cf. application document, Part I2.06, Tab. 5) are guar- anteed by the manufacturer of the item of equipment in question and evidence of this is submitted in advance to Stralsund Mining Authority by means of the relevant manufacturer confirmation.
A.3.3.7 Implementation of the noise reduction measures set out in the noise immissions forecasts is to be regularly inspected by a recognised body as part of the envi- ronmental construction monitoring/ECS process. The inspection protocols are to be submitted to the Stralsund Mining Authority.
A.3.6.2 Care is to be taken to ensure that only pollutant-free and largely non-organic excavation material is taken to the interim marine storage facility (tipping area), which can be stored there in line with the "Joint transitional provisions for han- dling dredged material in coastal waters" (GÜBAK, Aug. 2009). Insofar as re- sidual munitions are concerned, the project developer will ensure that only ma- terial is taken to the interim storage facility which does not contain munitions remains larger than a modelled magnetisable metal mass of 15 kg per object. Excavation material with an organic content of >3%, cohesive soil (cohesive till, clay) and excavation material with pollutant content which exceeds the benchmark (BM) 2 as defined by GÜBAK, Aug. 2009 may not be taken to the interim marine storage facility and placed in interim storage there.
A.3.8.2 The avoidance and mitigation measures named in the application documents are be implemented (cf. application document, Part G.01, Chapter 9, pp. 238 ff.). In addition to the avoidance and mitigation measures, care must be taken to ensure that bird habitats (e.g. moulting and staging sites) are avoided in the choice of access routes to the construction area, use of the water is reduced to what is absolutely necessary in terms of time and space and sediment transport and turbidity plumes are minimised by using the appropriate techniques.
A.3.8.3 All construction traffic is to use shipping routes marked on the nautical maps as far as possible and keep the distances from the shipping routes to the con- struction site or interim storage facility as short as possible. Prior to the start of construction, Stralsund Waterways and Shipping Office and Stralsund Mining Authority are to be provided with a logistics plan showing that this requirement has been taken into account, with a justification of the cases in which use of
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the shipping routes or a direct path from the shipping route to the construction site/interim storage facility cannot be chosen.
A.3.8.6 An Environmental Construction Supervision (including pedological aspects) is to be commissioned for the project. The Environmental Construction Supervi- sion monitors and documents the proper implementation of avoidance and mit- igation measures on site (cf. application document, Part G.01, Chapter 9) and other ancillary provisions under nature conservation law and is to be carried out by a trained specialist. The following objectives of the Environmental Con- struction Supervision are to be noted in particular: • Secure and monitor conflict avoidance and mitigation measures- • Implement the monitoring strategy • Comply with target maximum turbidity levels, separation of the different substrates during dredging according to the approved measures M4/M5 (cf. application document, Part G.02), monitoring of the restoration of the biotope structure in the vicinity of the pipe trench • Separate excavation soil for interim storage at the marine interim storage facility (tipping site) • Avoid bird habitats (e.g. moulting and staging sites) in the choice of access routes to the construction site • Reduce the use of the water to what is absolutely necessary in terms of time and space • Ensure that sediment transport and turbidity plumes are minimised by the use of appropriate techniques.
A.3.8.7 The construction time constraints under nature conservation law set out in the planning documents are to be observed (cf. application document, Part G.02).
3.1 M 1/M 2/M 3 Dredging strategy The excavation and filling of the pipe trench incl. restoration of the marine biotopes are to be carried out based on a detailed dredging strategy. The dredging strategy covers the follow- ing: • Quantification of soil types of the pipe trenches based on geotechnical surveys (block models for pipe trenches and interim storage facilities) • Technical plan for the dredging and restoration work (taking into account the minimi- sation of the intervention areas and turbidities) • The construction schedules • The volume analysis plan (Fig. 5)
The use and restoration of the tipping site, the transport of excavation material which is un- suitable for filling the pipeline trench to Mukran harbour for the purpose of constructing a passenger terminal at the northern pier and the import of embedding material for the pipe- lines form part of the dredging strategy. AIS and data loggers are to be used for continuous tracking of the offshore construction fleet. Various data that allow the origin of the content of each barge to be identified and also the location of the interim storage of the material at the tipping site will be recorded and saved.
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The repeated measurement of pipeline trenches and the interim storage facility ensure pre- cise execution of the dredging work and enable monitoring of the defined tolerances for dredging work and restoration. The task of the Environmental Construction Supervision is to monitor execution of the con- struction work in relation to the environmental requirements based on daily reports, real-time data regarding shipping and geophysical measurement data.
Fig. 5: Volume analysis plan of the dredging strategy
3.2 M 4/M 5 Turbidity monitoring Adherence to the stipulated turbidity limits in the area of the Bay of Greifswald and the Bod- denrandschwelle bay threshold is ensured by means of automatic sensors (Annex 1). Along the pipeline trench to be dredged, turbidity sensors (optical backscatter sensors) will be in- stalled on buoys for the duration of the offshore work on both sides of the pipeline route at intervals of 500 m. Four additional sensors will be installed in the area of the tipping site at intervals of 500 m (for the location of the measurement stations, see Fig. 6 and Tab. 2). At reference stations (one in the Bay of Greifswald, one in the Bay of Pomerania), ADCPs and wave height meters will also be used at a distance of 5 km from the construction activi- ties (to determine natural background turbidity). On the seabed, additional oceanographic parameters will be recorded continuously (oxygen content, Chl-a concentration, salt content, temperature). This information will facilitate the interpretation of the turbidity levels while at the same time providing the main basis for monitoring resettlement of the benthic biotopes. The positions of the measurement buoys will be coordinated with the GDWS (General Di- rectorate for Waterways and Shipping) in order not to endanger the safety and ease of ship- ping. Turbidity measurement figures will be measured continuously and transmitted by radio to a monitoring centre in Lubmin construction office (Fig. 7). All sensors will be regularly cali- brated and serviced during use. The measurement buoys will be installed in March 2018 and
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put into operation four weeks prior to the start of construction (mid-April) in order to document the initial condition before construction starts.
Trench (Nord Stream 2 pipeline) Turbidity buoys Usedom interim storage facility (status: Feb. 2018)
Fig. 6: Location of the measurement stations for turbidity monitoring in the vicinity of the pipe trench and the soil tipping area.
Table 2: Turbidity monitoring stations in the Bay of Greifswald (WGS84) Buoy Latitude Longitude Water depth (m) Reference buoy GB 54;14;36.49580 N 13;35;06.85448 E 5.7 Reference buoy PB 54;07;37.86712 N 14;04;37.69086 E 11.9 Buoy 1 54;09;02.13927 N 13;37;41.94187 E 5.5 Buoy 2 54;10;06.27606 N 13;36;19.08046 E 7.8 Buoy 3 54;11;07.51406 N 13;37;22.07781 E 7.9 Buoy 4 54;12;18.96758 N 13;37;32.96297 E 6.7 Buoy 5 54;12;56.85040 N 13;39;18.66899 E 5.5 Buoy 6 54;14;06.72043 N 13;40;47.62477 E 7.5 Buoy 7 54;14;45.83780 N 13;43;40.82775 E 5.1 Buoy 8 54;15;31.84494 N 13;43;26.59443 E 5.7 Buoy 9 54;16;32.12513 N 13;44;49.34022 E 9.3 Buoy 10 54;16;52.50259 N 13;46;31.71231 E 8.5 Buoy 11 54;08;23.31875 N 13;58;40.37453 E 11.9 Buoy 12 54;07;38.61700 N 14;00;31.33522 E 13.6 Buoy 13 54;06;54.09649 N 13;58;47.13576 E 12.7 Buoy 14 54;07;41.14970 N 13;56;52.92691 E 10.0 Buoy Tide 54;27;20.87618 N 13;58;27.14641 E 15.5
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Fig. 7: Measuring strategy for turbidity monitoring
Even when turbidity approaches the set limits (see mitigation measure M5: adherence to turbidity limits, plan approval decision p. 217), measures to reduce sediment suspension can be taken immediately. The effectiveness of such measures can also be monitored. If the warning or alarm level is reached, various mitigation measures can be taken: • Adapt dredging work depending on current and wind • Reduce overflow in connection with trailing suction hopper dredgers • Adapt flush speed during backfilling • Use an apron during backfilling
The dredging company is responsible for the proper operation of the turbidity buoys and the monitoring system. The decision regarding any measures to be adopted is taken by the dredging company in coordination with Nord Stream 2 (Fig. 8). The tasks of the Environmen- tal Construction Supervision are to verify the quality of monitoring of the figures from the ongoing turbidity and calibration measurements on a daily basis and to document limit over- runs and mitigation measures adopted.
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Project work Web-based access – Marine operations stakeholders Continuous moni- toring of permanent buoy stations Web-based access – Nord Stream 2
Online data Automatic data processing in- presenta- Data cluding quality control tion storage
Automatic data results analysis
Turbidity levels are checked against threshold levels
Check at hierarchized management level
Project management notified Warning level (2) Alarm level (3)
Notification (text mes- sage/mail)
Interpretation of field data sets Cause-effect assessment Determination of source
Source in project work?
Monitoring reports Implementation of (adapted) pro- ject management Nord Stream 2 notified Suitable mitigation measures Compliance validation Check assessment of con- trol measures
Fig. 8: Management strategy of the dredging company for turbidity monitoring
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3.3 Traffic monitoring During the 2018 construction phase there will be up to 50 vessels operating in the German maritime area at the same time in some cases. For execution of the construction work, a detailed construction sequence schedule will be submitted to the GDWS for coordination according to ancillary provision A 3.1.3. This will be regularly updated to reflect construction progress.
The vessels will use routes which have likewise been agreed on in advance with the GDWS. The routes serve the following purposes: • Ensure safety and ease of shipping • Avoid conflicts with fishery • Avoid disruptive effects vis-à-vis marine mammals and staging birds • Avoid impairing cultural assets
Monitoring of the individual vehicles of the construction fleets will be carried out using AIS and also by means of additional data loggers. These will record the position and also the following parameters, among others: • Direction of travel • Speed • Operating state in the case of dredgers and barges (loading/dumping)
Tromper Wiek II storage site (embedding material)
Mukran limestone facility (Deposit of marl and sand with organic content >3%)
Usedom interim storage facility
Fig. 9: Route plan
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A Marine Coordination Centre (MCC) will be set up in Lubmin to continuously monitor traffic. This centre will be permanently staffed during the construction period and will be in constant contact with the shipping authority responsible.
The task of the Environmental Construction Supervision is to ensure daily verification of ad- herence to ancillary provisions A.3.8.2 (avoidance of disruptive effects in the area of staging areas and seal resting sites), A.3.8.3 (clustering and minimisation of traffic) and A.3.8.7 (ad- herence to construction timeframes).
The traffic data collected will also be considered in analysing data on seabirds and marine mammals as well as underwater sound measurements.
4 Environmental Construction Supervision offshore, continental shelf (2018/2019) The tasks of the Environmental Construction Supervision are limited to traffic monitoring and adherence to construction period limitations.
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5 Construction monitoring During construction work, possible disruptive effects on staging seabirds and marine mam- mals will be recorded. For this purpose, firstly emissions that are the source of these relevant disruptive effects will be documented and secondly the occurrence and distribution of animal species will be analysed. The disruptive effects of the project in relation to seabirds and marine mammals include the following: • Turbidity plumes (see Section 3.2) • Shipping (see Section 3.3) • Underwater noise emissions (see Section 5.1)
5.1 Underwater noise measurements During the construction of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline in the Bay of Pomerania, underwater noise immissions will be measured in order to be able to assess the intensity of the construc- tion-related impairment caused to marine mammals as a result of construction noise in the region. The following sources of sound will be taken into consideration (Fig. 2 and Tab. 2):
Bay of Pomerania, 12 nautical mile zone Emissions during the dredging of the pipeline trenches north of the former Oder bed, laying of the pipeline and during backfilling in the Bay of Pomerania The pipe-laying work in the Bay of Pomerania will be carried out from September to Decem- ber 2018. Sound emissions from offshore construction work will be registered in the area of the northern end of the trench (Tab. 3, Fig. 10). For this purpose, a measuring station will be set up at a distance of 1,000 m from the construction area. The location of the station will depend on the shipping in this maritime area and will be coordinated with the GDWS.
In the Bay of Greifswald and in the area of the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold, the same construction vehicles or identical models will be used as for the construction of the Nord Stream pipeline, which underwent extensive underwater noise monitoring in 2010 (four measurement stations, NSP1 MONITORING UNDERWATER NOISE IMMISSIONS 2010). Emissions and immissions data is available for 40 vessels. These measurements will not be repeated, since no new insights are to be anticipated.
Bay of Pomerania, EEZ Emissions during the laying of the pipeline in the Bay of Pomerania north of Oderbank In the area of the continental shelf, the sound emissions caused by pipe-laying work in the area of KP 16,5 will be documented since various construction activities will be carried out here (pipe-laying using a pipe-laying vessel of the third generation, pipe-laying with a pipe- laying vessel of the fourth generation, AWTI and securing by means of rock placement). For this purpose, a measuring station will be set up at a distance of 1,000 m from the construction area (Tab. 3, Fig. 10). This station is to be operated during construction work in the years 2018 and 2019 (several measuring periods). The location of the station will depend on the shipping in this maritime area and will be coordinated with the GDWS.
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Underwater noise station
12 nautical mile zone Cable
in trench surface-laid kilometre point
Fig. 10: Position of the measurement stations for underwater noise immissions
Tab. 3: Stations for measuring underwater noise emissions. Sta- Eastern longi- Lat (DecDegr) Lon (DecDegs) Water depth (m) tion tude Northern latitude 1 14° 01' 14.650" 54° 28' 50.057" (54.480571) (14.020736) 18 2 14° 15' 29.791" 54° 32' 54.315" (54.548421) (14.258275) 19
The measuring technology and method follow the "Regulations for underwater noise meas- urements in offshore wind farms" issued by the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH, www.bsh.de), insofar as these are applicable/appropriate (during the laying of pipe- lines, no impulse sound is emitted, due to the use of anchors for positioning of the pipe-laying vessel, a minimum distance of 1,000 m from the pipeline route is to be observed in carrying out the measurements).
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5.2 Staging birds Bay of Pomerania maritime area (12 nautical mile zone and continental shelf (EEZ)) Registration by means of digital aerial photographs Seabird registrations by means of digital flight photos will be carried out during the construc- tion phase in the Bay of Pomerania on three occasions in autumn 2018 along each of four transects above and parallel to the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. The transects cover the entire pipeline corridor from the intersection area with the former Oder bed at KP 51 to KP 17 in the EEZ (AWTI installation point). One transect runs directly over the route of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. Two other transects run at a distance of approx. 2 km and 3 km to the south and one at a distance of approx. 2 km to the north of the Nord Stream pipeline (Fig. 11). The aerial photographs will be georeferenced for analysis purposes. All items found will then be marked manually and stored in a database with the geographical position. For the pur- pose of quality control of this screening (image analysis, preliminary sorting of items), at least 10% of the visual material is to be viewed by a second observer in line with BSH require- ments. Species will then be determined and quantified. At least two experts are to carry out species determination of the registered birds and marine mammals independently.
Flight transect EEZ 12 nautical mile boundary
in trench surface-laid
Fig. 11: Position of the flight transects to register seabirds by means of digital aerial photographs (construction phase).
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5.3 Harbour porpoises Bay of Pomerania maritime area (12 nautical mile zone and continental shelf (EEZ)) Registration by means of C-PODs From 30.06.2010 to 12.12.2013, 13 C-PODs were positioned in the Bay of Pomerania. Po- sitions 8 to 13 were installed along the Nord Stream 1 pipeline, spaced at intervals of approx. 1.3 km. From 2010 to 2012, one T-POD was positioned in addition to the C-POD at positions 1 to 7 (NSP1 MONITORING HARBOUR PORPOISES 2013). The synchronous installation of C-PODs (current equipment type) and T-PODs (1st generation equipment type prior to 2008) aimed to enable a long-term trend analysis for the Bay of Pomerania maritime area by means of calibration between the two equipment types, taking into account the data of DMM Stralsund from the period 2004-2008.
In terms of the monitoring programme for Nord Stream 2, only C-PODS will be used at the identical 13 stations (Fig. 12). The distance of sensors 8-13 will therefore be approx. 2.3 km from the Nord Stream 2 pipeline route. The measurement programme will be carried out during the construction phase for the Nord Stream 2 project in the Bay of Pomerania from July 2018 to December 2019, as well as in the subsequent year 2020. The use of the identical station network will allow subsequent implementation of a trend analysis (2010-2020, seven years of measurement), if the equipment settings and the data analysis procedure are iden- tical. This is why the stations in the area of the Nord Stream pipeline are to be maintained. Since C-PODs are not able to register small-scale avoidance behaviour (NSP1 MONITOR- ING HARBOUR PORPOISES 2013), greater importance is attached to the constancy of the measuring network than to the distance from the construction activity in terms of data inter- pretation. The detection range of C-PODs for harbour porpoises is 200-300 m. What is more, the occurrence of harbour porpoises in the Bay of Pomerania is still very rare. In four years of Nord Stream 1 monitoring, it was never possible to register harbour porpoise clicks which were synchronised with a shipping passage at the same measurement station.
Table 4 indicates the position of the C-POD stations. The position of the stations can also be seen in the following Fig. 12.
Table 4: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) of the C-POD stations C-POD station Eastern longi- Northern latitude Water depth (m) tude 1 14° 06' 19.140 54° 42' 09.900 26 2 13° 49' 59.220 54° 32' 59.160 21 3 14° 12' 59.040 54° 22' 03.060 13 4 13° 47' 00.360 54° 21' 23.280 15 5 14° 16' 58.140 54° 12' 28.860 14 6 13° 58' 59.400 54° 10' 14.700 10 7 14° 08' 58.500 54° 00' 00.000 10 8 14° 27' 25.080 54° 35' 04.560 23 9 14° 18' 56.606 54° 32' 59.106" 23 10 14° 09' 28.380 54° 31' 43.200 18 11 14° 02' 41.815" 54° 28' 59.750 18 12 13° 57' 13.320 54° 24' 38.280 13 13 13° 51' 41.700 54° 20' 04.140 18
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Location of C-POD stations
Figure 12: C-POD positions
5.4 Grey seals Bay of Greifswald maritime area (12 nautical mile zone) Counts of resting places From April 2018 to April 2019, monthly counts of grey seals will be carried out at the three main resting places in the area of the Bay of Greifswald (Großer Stubber, island of Ruden, Greifswalder Oie) (cf. Fig. 13). The counts will be carried out in ideal weather conditions (wind force < Bft. 3; visibility range > 6 nautical miles (no fog); southerly wind direction and swell < 0.5 m). The observations will be made by two observers with binoculars (magnifica- tion 10x52 and 7x50) and spotting scope (30x80) as well as by manual GPS. The age (young animal, adult) and gender will be determined if possible. If more than five animals are ob- served at a resting place, the turnover is tracked during the course of one hour of observation (number of animals is counted at least every ten minutes, other changes in number and composition are also documented). At Großer Stubber, visual registration will be carried out from a boat anchored in the immediate vicinity of the shallows. On Ruden it is possible to use the former measurement tower (20 m high) from which the more remotely situated stone wall areas of the breakwaters can be viewed. On the Greifswalder Oie, registration will be carried out from land at seven defined observation points (cf. Fig. 13), from which the pre- ferred resting places on the Greifswalder Oie can be scanned. At each observation point, the seals present will be observed for 10-15 minutes. Identical synchronous counts were previously carried out during the basic surveys in 2015-2016 (NSP 2 application documents, I1.03 - NSP 2 - data basis and survey methods).
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NORD STREAM 2 – GREY SEAL MONITORING
Nord Stream 2 pipeline route Vierow alternative pipeline route
Observation points Water depth (m)
Figure 13: Observation locations for grey seal monitoring in the Bay of Greifswald (Großer Stub- ber, Ruden, Greifswalder Oie)
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6 Documentation of the environmental conditions on completion of the pipe- laying process (2019/2020) Documentation of the environmental conditions on completion of the construction work serves the purpose of the technical monitoring of the restoration of the habitat types as de- fined by the Habitat Directive as well as verification of the intervention balance.
6.1 As-built survey After completion of the pipe-laying work and the restoration of the pipeline trench and tipping site, the following surveys will be carried out (central line of pipeline trench ±100 m): • Sounding of seabed by means of echo sounder • Side scan sonar (to describe reef restoration) • Reflection seismology to determine the position of the pipeline • UW video (ROV) • ROV inspection of wrecks (if necessary)
6.2 Sediment parameters In spring 2019, sediment parameters will also be analysed in connection with a survey of the macrozoobenthos. This survey involves not just standard sieving analyses for all samples (media grain size, silt content) but also quantification of chemical variables in the sediment in line with the GÜBAK provisions (heavy metals, organic pollutants).
Sieve analysis and determination of the loss on ignition for all sample points. Chemical sed- iment parameters will initially be analysed at five stations in the Bay of Greifswald, five sta- tions in the western Bay of Pomerania, (12 nautical mile zone) and five stations in the EEZ in the immediate vicinity of the pipeline route as well as at five reference stations and 10 stations in the area of the Usedom interim storage facility. If the analysis results show that GÜBAK limits have been exceeded, specific supplementary surveys will be carried out.
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7 Monitoring of the regeneration of habitat types at Natura 2000 sites under the Habitats Directive affected by construction work (2019-2022) After completion of the construction work (in the territorial waters M-WP in December 2018; in the EEZ in autumn 2019), there will be documentation of the regeneration of the impaired habitat types under the Habitats Directive and marine biotopes at five Natura 2000 areas to be crossed, in order to show that regeneration will be completed within a maximum period of four years as forecast and that there has therefore been no significant impairment under Section 34 Paragraph 1 BNatSchG in conjunction with Article 6 (3) of the Habitats Directive and Article 4 Paragraph 4 of the EU Birds Directive. The assets to be surveyed include the following:
• All habitat types/benthic biotopes under the Habitats Directive along the pipeline route • Seabirds • Marine mammals
The survey design and scope are geared towards the requirements of StUK 4 (BSH 2013). The scope of the survey for harbour porpoises and grey seals is described in Sections 5.3 and 5.4.
7.1 Habitat types under the Habitats Directive /marine biotopes 7.1.1 Morphology of the seabed (relates to the entire pipeline route in the 12 nautical mile zone, Bay of Greifswald and in the Bay of Pomerania as well as in the area of the continental shelf (EEZ)) In the first four years after completion of the pipe-laying work and restoration of the pipeline trench, the following surveys will be carried out annually (central line of pipeline trench ±100 m):
• Sounding by means of echo sounder • Side scan sonar (restored reefs)
These surveys will serve as a basis for the morphological assessment of the quality and stability of the restoration of the habitat types under the Habitats Directive along the trench (bathymetry, substrate).
7.1.2 Sediment parameters (relates to the entire pipeline route in the 12 nautical mile zone, the Bay of Greifswald, the Bay of Pomerania, and the area of the continental shelf (EEZ)) In the spring of 2019, sediment parameters will also be analysed in connection with an initial survey of the macrozoobenthos at all sampling stations (median grain size, silt content, loss on ignition). These analyses will be repeated in the years 2020-2022, in the spring in each case.
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7.1.3 Macrozoobenthos – infauna (relates to the entire pipeline route in the 12 nautical mile zone, the Bay of Greifswald, the Bay of Pomerania, and the area of the continental shelf (EEZ)) As part of the NSP2 basic surveys carried out in 2016 and the NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONI- TORING carried out from 2011 to 2016, extensive studies were carried out on the inverte- brate infauna (macrozoobenthos) along the pipeline route. These surveys will be continued as part of the regeneration monitoring. The surveys will largely be carried out on the tran- sects. The sampling design will vary slightly according to the local specific issues at the various pipeline route sections. Based on the insights of the NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONITOR- ING 2011-2016, the following issues will be examined: • What has been the development of the macrozoobenthos since 2006 away from the pipeline route in the Bay of Greifswald and in the Bay of Pomerania (reference stations)? • What has been the development of the macrozoobenthos in the area of the backfilled pipeline trenches in the Bay of Greifswald and in the Bay of Pomerania? • What has been the development of the macrozoobenthos in the area of the trench shoul- ders in the Bay of Greifswald and in the Bay of Pomerania? • What has been the development of the macrozoobenthos in the area of the interim stor- age facility north of the island of Usedom in the Bay of Pomerania? • What has been the development of the macrozoobenthos in the area of the surface-laid pipelines in the EEZ?
The coordinates of the stations in the immediate area of influence of the project (pipeline trenches, trench shoulders, surface-laid pipeline) will only be taken based on as-built sur- veying. The following maps present the planned positions.
The infauna (invertebrates that live in the sediment) will be examined according to the HEL- COM guidelines (also complies with StUK 4; BSH 2013), mainly using a Van Veen grab (excavation area 0.1 m², 75 kp). Three hauls will be taken at each section which will be pro- cessed separately. On the sandbank at Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold, the use of this device is not possible due to the limited water depth. Here, a diver-supported manual grab will be used. Since this device takes in smaller sample areas, six parallel hauls will be ex- amined. Sampling will take place once a year in spring. Sample processing and analysis follow the methods set out in the NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONITORING 2011-2016.
EEZ In the EEZ, five transects will be surveyed (20 stations, Fig. 14, Tab. 5). The aim of the monitoring is to determine whether the macrozoobenthos has undergone regional change as a result of the installation of four pipelines on the seabed: a) north of the NSP2 pipelines b) between the NSP2 and NSP1 pipelines c) south of the NSP1 pipelines
Fine sand sediments will be examined at a water depth of 18-28 m.
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Station planning – Van Veen grab EEZ
Pipeline (20 m south of the SE pipeline) Reference (about 129 m from the pipeline sta- tion) Reference (about 480 m from the pipeline sta- tion) Reference (about 1180 m from the pipeline sta- tion/100 m from NSP1)
Figure 14: Station network – macrozoobenthos infauna in the EEZ
Bay of Pomerania, 12 nautical mile zone In the Bay of Pomerania, the infauna surveys will be limited within the 12 nautical mile zone to the maritime area north of the former Oder bed (21 stations, Fig. 15, Tab. 5). Samples will be taken at seven transects: a) backfilled pipe trench b) zone between the two pipeline trenches c) reference area east of the NSP1 Pipeline at a distance of 2000 m from the NSP2 pipeline (reference stations of the NSP1 OFFSHORE MONITORING; sampling at these stations enables description of the natural long-term trend since 2006).
Surveys carried out south of the former Oder bed are not effective because: • three infrastructural projects (NSP2, NSP1, 50Hz) in a parallel position make it more difficult to establish suitable reference stations. • During monitoring it is probable that additional submarine cables will be installed. • The oceanographic conditions between the eastern flank of the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold and the former Oder bed follow a gradient (exposed <10 m water depth versus seasonal oxygen deficiency >10 m water depth). Statistical analyses would therefore require a very large sampling scope. Seasonal oxygen deficiency phenomena that have occurred annually in this maritime area since 2010 would make it more diffi- cult to assess the measurement data.
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Table 5: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) of the infauna stations in the Bay of Greifswald, the Bay of Pomerania and the EEZ Station ID Eastern longitude Northern latitude Water depth (m) Area NSP2_400 13° 37.441' O 54° 09.565' N 6.0 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_401 13° 37.457' E 54° 09.575' N 6.0 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_402 13° 36.942' E 54° 09.935' N 7.0 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_403 13° 36.963' E 54° 09.941' N 7.0 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_404 13° 36.667' E 54° 10.683' N 7.8 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_405 13° 36.690' E 54° 10.683' N 7.8 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_406 13° 37.045' E 54° 10.697' N 7.2 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_407 13° 37.503' E 54° 10.705' N (7.0) Bay of Greifswald NSP2_408 13° 38.419' E 54° 10.697' N 6.5 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_409 13° 37.138' E 54° 11.415' N 7.9 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_410 13° 37.158' E 54° 11.408' N 7.9 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_411 13° 36.043' E 54° 11.965' N 7.7 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_412 13° 37.628' E 54° 11.875' N 8.0 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_413 13° 37.613' E 54° 11.880' N 8.0 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_414 13° 38.133' E 54° 12.348' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_415 13° 38.153' E 54° 12.342' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_416 13° 37.480' E 54° 12.430' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_417 13° 37.055' E 54° 12.535' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_418 13° 38.602' E 54° 12.788' N 5.6 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_419 13° 38.587' E 54° 12.793' N 5.6 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_420 13° 39.350' E 54° 12.990' N 5.4 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_421 13° 40.132' E 54° 12.761' N 6.2 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_422 13° 39.231' E 54° 13.315' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_423 13° 39.245' E 54° 13.305' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_424 13° 38.955' E 54° 13.481' N 6.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_425 13° 40.018' E 54° 13.621' N 7.5 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_426 13° 40.026' E 54° 13.608' N 7.5 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_427 13° 41.503' E 54° 13.061' N 4.5 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_428 13° 40.995' E 54° 13.866' N 10.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_429 13° 41.005' E 54° 13.854' N 10.3 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_430 13° 42.004' E 54° 13.570' N 10.6 Bay of Greifswald NSP2_431 13° 52.740' E 54° 23.287' N (16.6) Bay of Pomerania NSP2_432 13° 52.728' O 54° 23.297' N 16.6 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_433 13° 54.437' E 54° 22.421' N 16.6 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_434 13° 54.692' E 54° 24.735' N 15.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_435 13° 54.661' E 54° 24.747' N 15.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_436 13° 56.268' E 54° 24.095' N 14.1 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_437 13° 56.115' E 54° 25.894' N 14.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_438 13° 56.084' E 54° 25.907' N 14.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_439 13° 57.683' E 54° 25.319' N 13.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_440 13° 57.513' E 54° 27.030' N 14.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_441 13° 57.479' E 54° 27.044' N 14.2 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_442 13° 59.029' E 54° 26.333' N 14.0 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_443 13° 58.898' E 54° 28.155' N 14.6 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_444 13° 58.862' E 54° 28.169' N 14.6 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_445 14° 00.453' E 54° 27.485' N 14.6 Bay of Pomerania
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Station ID Eastern longitude Northern latitude Water depth (m) Area NSP2_446 14° 00.217' E 54° 29.225' N 14.7 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_447 14° 00.180' E 54° 29.240' N 14.7 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_448 14° 01.863' E 54° 28.623' N 15.0 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_449 14° 02.086' E 54° 30.717' N 15.7 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_450 14° 02.039' E 54° 30.748' N 15.7 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_451 14° 03.307' E 54° 29.873' N 15.8 Bay of Pomerania NSP2_452 14° 06.116' E 54° 32.966' N 18.5 EEZ NSP2_453 14° 06.082' E 54° 33.062' N 18.5 EEZ NSP2_454 14° 06.206' E 54° 32.711' N 18.5 EEZ NSP2_455 14° 06.354' E 54° 32.292' N 17.3 EEZ NSP2_456 14° 10.222' E 54° 32.967' N 19.0 EEZ NSP2_457 14° 10.229' E 54° 33.061' N 19.0 EEZ NSP2_458 14° 10.205' E 54° 32.708' N 19.0 EEZ NSP2_459 14° 10.180' E 54° 32.331' N 19.0 EEZ NSP2_460 14° 13.842' E 54° 33.263' N 19.8 EEZ NSP2_461 14° 13.783' E 54° 33.346' N 19.6 EEZ NSP2_462 14° 14.010' E 54° 33.016' N 19.6 EEZ NSP2_463 14° 14.252' E 54° 32.667' N 18.6 EEZ NSP2_464 14° 18.671' E 54° 34.336' N 22.0 EEZ NSP2_465 14° 18.614' E 54° 34.425' N 22.0 EEZ NSP2_466 14° 18.827' E 54° 34.093' N 22.0 EEZ NSP2_467 14° 19.055' E 54° 33.739' N 22.0 EEZ NSP2_468 14° 23.829' E 54° 35.586' N 26.4 EEZ NSP2_469 14° 23.771' E 54° 35.674' N (26.4) EEZ NSP2_470 14° 23.991' E 54° 35.345' N 25.8 EEZ NSP2_471 14° 24.226' E 54° 34.991' N 25.5 EEZ
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Station planning – Van Veen grab Bay of Pomerania
SE pipeline trench Distance from pipeline trench about 20 m Distance from pipeline trench 25 m (between NW and SE pipeline trench)
Figure 15: Station network – macrozoobenthos infauna in the Bay of Pomerania, 12 nautical mile zone
Sandbank on the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold On the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold, three stations will be surveyed in the area of the pipeline trench along with three reference stations (situation between Landtief and the NSP2 pipeline) within Habitats Directive habitat types 1110 (sandbank) by means of sample boxes (6 stations, Fig. 16, Tab. 6).
Table 6: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) of the infauna stations in the Boddenrand- schwelle bay threshold (BRS) (method: manual dig boxes) Station ID Eastern longitude Northern latitude Water depth (m) Area NSP2_472 13° 42.080' E 54° 14.150' N 3.6 BRS_Sandbank NSP2_473 13° 41.966' E 54° 14.244' N 3.6 BRS_Sandbank NSP2_474 13° 42.545' E 54° 14.364' N 3.6 BRS_Sandbank NSP2_475 13° 42.301' E 54° 14.491' N 3.7 BRS_Sandbank NSP2_476 13° 42.843' E 54° 14.571' N 3.6 BRS_Sandbank NSP2_477 13° 42.608' E 54° 14.703' N 3.7 BRS_Sandbank
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Station planning Sandbank – Boddenrandschwelle (bay threshold)
Pipeline trench Reference
Figure 16: Station network – macrozoobenthos infauna in the Boddenrandschwelle bay thresh- old, 12 nautical mile zone
Bay of Greifswald In the Bay of Greifswald, ten stations will be surveyed on the pipeline trench and on the trench shoulders. The reference stations (n=11) were selected according to the following criteria (31 stations in total, Fig. 17, Tab. 5): • The substrate properties at the reference stations must be the same as in the area of the pipeline trench • No reference station may be influenced by NSP1 or 50Hz • Five stations are selected from the programme of the NSP2 basic surveys • Six stations come from the NSP1 OFFSHORE MONITORING and additionally serve the purpose of general trend observation (since 2006).
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Station planning – Van Veen grab Bay of Greifswald
Pipeline trench
Reference stations
25 m from pipeline trench centreline
Figure 17: Station network – macrozoobenthos infauna in the Bay of Greifswald, 12 nautical mile zone
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Usedom interim storage facility In the area of the interim storage facility, the survey programme of the NSP2 basic survey 2016 will be continued. Samples were already taken at the stations in the western half of the survey area during the NSP1 OFFSHORE MONITORING in the years 2008-2014 (20 stations, Fig. 18, Tab. 7).
Station planning – Van Veen grab Usedom interim storage facility
Infauna and geophysical sedi- ment parameters Search area Nord Stream 2 Interim marine storage facility
Figure 18: Station network – macrozoobenthos infauna at the Usedom interim storage facility, 12 nautical mile zone
Table 7: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) of the infauna stations at the interim storage fa- cility of Usedom Water Station Eastern longitude Northern latitude depth Area ID (m) NSP2_901 13° 57.332' E 54° 08.003' N 10.0 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_902 13° 58.335' E 54° 08.000' N 11.0 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_903 13° 58.832' E 54° 08.000' N 11.5 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_904 13° 57.332' E 54° 07.666' N 10.0 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_905 13° 57.835' E 54° 07.663' N 10.5 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_906 13° 58.330' E 54° 07.663' N 10.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_907 13° 58.832' E 54° 07.661' N 10.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_908 13° 57.420' E 54° 07.329' N 10.5 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_909 13° 57.835' E 54° 07.340' N 11.0 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_910 13° 58.335' E 54° 07.342' N 11.5 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_911 13° 59.481' E 54° 07.982' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility
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Water Station Eastern longitude Northern latitude depth Area ID (m) NSP2_912 14° 00.708' E 54° 07.945' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_913 14° 01.184' E 54° 07.917' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_914 13° 59.318' E 54° 07.717' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_915 13° 59.972' E 54° 07.695' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_916 14° 00.638' E 54° 07.679' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_917 14° 01.200' E 54° 07.678' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_918 14° 00.083' E 54° 07.961' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_919 14° 00.183' E 54° 07.415' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility NSP2_920 14° 01.069' E 54° 07.470' N 12.8 Usedom interim storage facility
7.1.4 Macrozoobenthos – epifauna, Bay of Pomerania, EEZ In the area of the EEZ, the epifauna survey programme from the phase of the basis surveys will be continued (NSP2 application documents, I1.03 - NSP 2 - data basis and survey meth- ods; 6 dredge strips, Fig. 19, Tab. 8). The aim of the survey is to find out whether the epifauna differs between the NSP1 and 2 pipelines after installation from the epifauna north of the pipelines.
Station planning – epifauna in the EEZ
Figure 19: Station network – epifauna in the EEZ
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Table 8: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) of the epifauna stations in the EEZ Start Finish Station Water depth Area ID Eastern Northern Eastern lon- Northern lat- (m) longitude latitude gitude itude NSP2_154 14° 06.349' E 54° 33.552' N 14° 05.895' E 54° 33.498' N 18.1 EEZ NSP2_159 14° 13.715' E 54° 33.816' N 14° 13.280' E 54° 33.723' N 20.0 EEZ NSP2_164 14° 23.285' E 54° 36.049' N 14° 23.713' E 54° 36.153' N 27.0 EEZ NSP2_454 14° 06.841' E 54° 32.785' N 14° 06.385' E 54° 32.733' N 18.1 EEZ NSP2_462 14° 14.199' E 54° 33.059' N 14° 13.764' E 54° 32.966' N 18.6 EEZ NSP2_470 14° 23.718' E 54° 35.281' N 14° 24.147' E 54° 35.384' N 25.0 EEZ
7.1.5 Macrozoobenthos – epifauna, reef, Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold StUK 4 does not stipulate any methodological requirements for the survey of reefs (BSH 2013). The strategy for monitoring the regeneration of the reef on the eastern flank of the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold is therefore based on the provisions of the "Trend mon- itoring" of DIN EN 16260: "Water quality – visual seabed surveys using remote-controlled devices and/or dredging equipment in order to collect environmental data; German version EN 16260:2012". Unlike the infauna surveys, the reef surveys are to be carried out in the late summer.
Submarine video The purpose of making ROV videos is to approximately quantify stone coverage and growth (mussels, barnacles, macrophytes) over larger areas. Six transects with a length of 200 m each are to be surveyed (Fig. 20, Tab. 9). • 3 transects on the pipeline trench • 3 transects in the reference area north-west of the pipeline trench
The survey and analysis methods are the same as those used for the NSP1 OFFSHORE MONITORING.
Table 9: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) (start and finish points) of the ROV video tran- sects at the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold. T = transect, RE = reference, PT = pipeline trench Start Finish Station Water depth ID Eastern Northern Eastern longi- Northern lati- (m) longitude latitude tude tude T_RE_01 13° 43.173' E 54° 14.984' N 13° 43.288' E 54° 15.069' N 4.1 T_RE_02 13° 43.616' E 54° 15.289' N 13° 43.730' E 54° 15.374' N 4.8 T_RE_03 13° 43.836' E 54° 15.452' N 13° 43.950' E 54° 15.537' N 5.9 T_RO_01 13° 43.295' E 54° 14.913' N 13° 43.409' E 54° 14.998' N 4.1 T_RO_02 13° 43.713' E 54° 15.223' N 13° 43.827' E 54° 15.308' N 5.2 T_RO_03 13° 43.917' E 54° 15.374' N 13° 44.031' E 54° 15.459' N 5.2
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Underwater top-view photographs (drop camera) The aim of top-view photographs is to precisely quantify the degree of coverage of mussels, barnacles and macrophytes on small sample areas for the purpose of statistical analyses. A total of 60 photos will be taken for this purpose (ten per video transect, Fig. 21, Tab. 10).
Scratch samples In the area of the pipeline trench and the reference area, six scratch samples will be collected by divers and then sent to the laboratory for analysis. The sampling area will be determined based on the as-built surveying data (Fig. 20, Tab. 10).
The survey and analysis methods for the ROV video documentation and the analysis of scratch samples are the same as those applied to the NSP1 OFFSHORE MONITORING 2011-2013. Suitable quantification methods will be developed for the analysis of the top-view photographs (area determination and/or counting of individuals).
Reef survey Boddenrandschwelle
Underwater video transect Video drop station Scratch samples
Hard substrate coverage
Figure 20: Survey design – epifauna, reef, Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold, 12 nautical mile zone
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Table 10: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) of the scratch sample stations in the reef area on the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold S = scratch sample, RE = reference, PT = pipeline trench Station ID Eastern longitude Northern latitude Water depth (m) K_RE_01 13° 43.857' E 54° 15.468' N 5.9 K_RE_02 13° 43.862' E 54° 15.472' N 5.9 K_RE_03 13° 43.869' E 54° 15.477' N 5.9 K_RE_04 13° 43.875' E 54° 15.481' N 5.9 K_RE_05 13° 43.881' E 54° 15.485' N 5.9 K_RE_06 13° 43.887' E 54° 15.490' N 5.9 K_RO_01 13° 43.966' E 54° 15.411' N 5.2 K_RO_02 13° 43.972' E 54° 15.415' N 5.2 K_RO_03 13° 43.978' E 54° 15.420' N 5.2 K_RO_04 13° 43.984' E 54° 15.424' N 5.2 K_RO_05 13° 43.990' E 54° 15.429' N 5.2 K_RO_06 13° 43.996' E 54° 15.433' N 5.2
7.1.6 Macrozoobenthos – epifauna, pipeline In the area of the surface-laid pipelines in the EEZ, surveys will be carried out in the years 2020-2022 on epibenthic growth at three stations on each pipeline. A ROV will be used for this purpose. At one station, scratch samples will also be taken by divers (Fig. 21). The rel- evant surveys in the lower eastern section are not planned for safety reasons, since this is located in the Traffic Separation Zone Adlergrund.
For comparative purposes, the aim will be to continue the scratch sample surveys on the NSP1 pipeline as well (subject to agreement by NSP).
The survey methods will be the same as those used for the´ NSP1 OFFSHORE MONITOR- ING 2011-2014.
Table 11: Geographical coordinates (WGS 84) (start and finish points) of the ROV video tran- sects (T) on pipeline 3 (PL_A) and pipeline 4 (PL_4). Start Finish Water depth Station ID Eastern Northern Eastern longi- Northern lati- (m) longitude latitude tude tude T_PL_A_01 14° 03.155' E 54° 31.679' N 14° 03.209' E 54° 31.723' N 17.2 T_PL_A_02 14° 09.559' E 54° 33.029' N 14° 09.651' E 54° 33.026' N 19.0 T_PL_A_03 14° 13.681' E 54° 33.267' N 14° 13.770' E 54° 33.286' N 18.6 T_PL_B_01 14° 03.197' E 54° 31.662' N 14° 03.250' E 54° 31.705' N 17.2 T_PL_B_02 14° 09.556' E 54° 32.999' N 14° 09.649' E 54° 32.996' N 19.0 T_PL_B_03 14° 13.698' E 54° 33.239' N 14° 13.787' E 54° 33.258' N 18.6
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Station planning – epifauna on the pipeline EEZ
Figure 21: Station network – macrozoobenthos epifauna on the surface-laid pipelines in the EEZ
7.2 Seabirds Bay of Pomerania maritime area (12 nautical mile zone and continental shelf (EEZ)) Vessel transect counts Vessel counts will be carried out once a year during the main winter staging period in Febru- ary/March in the years 2019-2022. Here the count area covered by the basic surveys will be used, not including the Prorer Wiek area. The survey area is 2,240 km² and covers the off- shore Nord Stream 2 pipeline route from the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold to the Danish EEZ (Fig. 22). Seabirds are counted along 12 transects in a W-E direction on both sides of the vessel. The distance between the transects is 4 km in each case so as to minimise regis- tration artefacts as a result of the startling of disruption-sensitive common scoters and loons. The transect length is some 49 km in each case. Only the southernmost transect has been shortened due to the Greifswalder Oie and the shallow waters adjacent to it (32 km). The survey design is the same as for the survey area for the Nord Stream pipeline as used in the basic surveys from the years 2006-2008 and the 2011-2014 monitoring. This will therefore allow conclusive trend assessments to be made for the period of 2006-2022.
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Fig. 22: Position of the vessel transects to register seabirds in the Bay of Pomerania
Vessel transect counts are only possible in fine weather (good visibility, sea state < 5). The distance covered is tracked by means of a GPS device. A density figure (individuals per km2) will then be determined using a defined method for the stipulated width along the transect sections. The density figures in turn serve as a basis for calculating absolute populations in certain maritime areas. The registration of seabirds from vessels is carried out as in the basic survey 2015/2016 based on WEBB & DURINCK (1992) and GARTHE et al. (2002) with slight deviations as required for staging bird counts in the Baltic Sea. From the sounding deck of the count vessel, two observers on each side of the vessel noted birds on a total transect width of 600 m (transect subdivided into sections of 0 m-50 m, 50 m-100 m, 100 m-200 m and 200 m-300 m on both sides of the vessel). Birds outside the transect are generally not included. Since sea ducks and loons frequently fly up a long way from the vessel, binoculars are always used for ob- servation purposes. Limitation of the observation sector in front of the vessel is only possible on the Baltic Sea for selected species (e.g. gulls) since the sea ducks and loons sometimes fly up as far as 2 km in front of the vessel. This method described in GARTHE et al. (2002) is essentially the standard method according to StUK 4 (BSH 2013). The probability of discovering swimming birds decreases, the further away from the vessel the observer looks. In order to rule out the possibility of underestimating staging populations due to missing birds, the count results have to be corrected (cf. BUCKLAND et al. 2001). Cor- rection factors for discovery probability are determined for common species based on the data collected using the programme R 3.2.3 (R CORE TEAM 2015) and the programme mrds 2.1.14 (LAAKE et al. 2015) depending on group size, sea state and moulting status (only in the case of common scoters).
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Registration by means of digital aerial photographs Sea bird registrations using digital flight images will be carried out twice a year in Febru- ary/March and April in the years 2019-2022 on four transects above and parallel to the pipe- lines. The transects cover the entire pipeline corridor from the landfall point at Lubmin as far as the boundary to the Danish EEZ. One transect runs over the Nord Stream pipeline and one over the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. The two other transects run at a distance of approx. 1 km to the north and south of the pipelines (Fig. 23). The course of the transects corresponds to the registrations for the regeneration monitoring for the Nord Stream pipeline carried out in February and April 2016 (NSP2 application documents, 13.04 - Offshore Monitoring for Nord Stream 2016).
Monitoring of seabirds 2019 -2022
Flight transect Cable
Nord Stream 2 pipeline (planned) Nord Stream pipeline (in operation)
EEZ 12 nautical mile zone
Fig. 23: Position of the flight transects to register seabirds by means of digital aerial photo- graphs The aerial photographs will be georeferenced for analysis purposes. All items found will then be marked manually and stored in a database with the geographical position. For the pur- pose of quality control of this screening (image inspection, preliminary object sorting), at least 10% of the visual material is viewed by a second observer, as stipulated by BSH require- ments. Species will then be determined and quantified. At least two experts are to inde- pendently determine the species of the registered birds and marine mammals.
Bay of Greifswald Flight registration of greater scaup and long-tailed ducks on spring migration
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In the Bay of Greifswald and at the Boddenrandschwelle bay threshold, aircraft registrations of concentrations of staging greater scaup and long-tailed ducks will be carried out twice a year in March and April 2019-2022. For this purpose, the potential staging areas of these species are monitored from an aircraft and all localised flocks noted with position and size. The method and survey area correspond to the registrations made during the Nord Stream project in 2006-2013 (Fig. 25). Registration can alternatively be carried out by means of digital aerial digital images using the DAISI system, if the system proves effective in tests for recording large groups.
Greater scaup (Aythya marila) Spring 2011-2013 (n = 6 flights)
Fig. 24: Flight routes to register daytime staging areas in the Bay of Greifswald and Strela Sound
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8 References
NSP2 APPLICATION DOCUMENTS I1.03 Data basis and survey method Doc. No. W- PE-EIA-LFG-LST-802-LITVERGE-02, IfAÖ Institut für Angewandte Ökosystemforschung GmbH. Rostock, 2017
NSP2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION Nord Stream 2 Project, Nord Stream Monitoring SUPERVISION – Onshore M10 2, M 10 Survey of shrubs and trees in the con- struction area in relation to the occurrence of bats prior to construction area clearance, Docu- ment No. W-GR-EMS-ONG-DOC-817- M10BATGE-01, Umweltplan GmbH Stralsund, 2018
NSP2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SUPERVI- Nord Stream 2 Project, Nord Stream Monitoring SION – Onshore CEF 1 2, creation of substitute sites for the starling, Document-No. W-GR-EMS-ONG-DOC-817- STABOXGE-01, Umweltplan GmbH Stralsund, 2018
NSP2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION SUPERVI- Nord Stream 2 Project, Nord Stream Monitoring SION – Onshore CEF 2 2, creation of substitute hibernation sites for the soprano pipistrelle, Document No. W-GR-EMS- ONG-DOC-817-BATBOXGE-01, Umweltplan GmbH Stralsund, 2018
NSP1 MONITORING UNDERWATER NOISE IMMIS- Nord Stream Project, Nord Stream Monitoring, SIONS 2010 Registration of underwater noise immissions, Document No. G-PE-LFG-MON-500-UN- WNOISE-A. Institut für technische and ange- wandte Physik GmbH, 2011.
NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONITORING 2011 Nord Stream Project (NSP), Offshore Monitor- ing for Nord Stream, monitoring of sediments, macrozoobenthos, macrophytes, fish and sea- birds, Document No. G-PE-LFG-MON-107- OFFSHOR1-A, IfAÖ GmbH, 2012
NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONITORING 2012 Nord Stream Project (NSP), Offshore Monitor- ing for Nord Stream, monitoring of sediments, macrozoobenthos, macrophytes, fish and sea- birds, Document No. G-PE-LFG-MON-107- OFFSHOR2-A, IfAÖ GmbH, 2013
NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONITORING 2013 Nord Stream Project (NSP), Offshore Monitor- ing for Nord Stream, monitoring of sediments, macrozoobenthos, macrophytes, fish and sea- birds, Document No. G-PE-LFG-MON-107- OFFSHOR4-A, IfAÖ GmbH, 2014
NSP1 MONITORING HARBOUR PORPOISES Nord Stream Project (NSP), harbour porpoise 2013 monitoring in the Bay of Pomerania, Germany, Document No. G-PE-LFG-MON-500-HAR- POP4A., BioConsult, 2014
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NSP1 OFFSHORE-MONITORING 2014 Nord Stream Project (NSP), Offshore Monitor- ing for Nord Stream, monitoring of sediments, macrozoobenthos, macrophytes, fish and sea- birds, Document No. G-PE-LFG-MON-107- OFFSHOR5-A, IfAÖ GmbH, 2015
NSP OFFSHORE-MONITORING 2016 Nord Stream Project (NSP), Offshore Monitor- ing for Nord Stream, monitoring of sediments, macrozoobenthos and seabirds, Document No. W-PE-EIA-LFG-REP-802-REPGWBEN, IfAÖ GmbH, 2017
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9 Annexes Survey methods
9.1 Annex 1 - Turbidity supervision manual
Nord Stream 2 Monitoring Strategy DE W-PE-EMO-PGE-SOW-800-MONITOEN-01 14.05.2018.