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51

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Remarks on the of Japanese

Walter O. CERNOHORSKY

(Auckland Institute and Museum, Auckland, New Zealand)

(fimp Text-figs. 1-19)

The examination of type-specirnens of Nassariidae in preparation for a revision

of Indo-Pacific Nassariidae, has brought to light new information which has a

bearing on the established taxonorny of Nassariidae, in the way of chronelogical

priority and alterations in synonymy. In case of Japanese Nassariidae, a DuNKER is introduced into Japanese literature, while the synonyrny of other species

is elucidated.

Nassariidae

Family Nassariidae IREDALE, 1916

Genus IVassarius DuMERIL, 1806

Subgenus Hima LEAcH in GRAy, 1852

Hima LEAcH in GRAy, 1852, Moll. Britan. Synop., p. 123, Type-species by sub- sequent designation (MARwlcK, 1931) Buccinum minutum PENNANT, 1777

=B. incrassatum STRoM, 1768. 1839 in Syn. 1852 Tritonella A. ADAMs, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 111 (non SwAiNsoN, Amphibia). 1936 Reticunassa IKEDALE, Rec. Aust. Mus., 19 (5), p, 322. Type species by original

designation Aikessa Patipera GouLD, 1850.

The author has pointed out the taxonomic aspects of Hima and Reticunassa in an earlier paper (CERNOHORSKy, 1972). No constant generic or subgeneric character could be found which whould clearly separate Aima from Reticunassa.

IVassarius (Hima) pamperus (GOULD, 1850) VJ E･ uiA:;/p ffi

(Text-figs. 7-12)

1850 IVkssa Pampera GouLD, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. HisL, 3, p. 155; 1852 GouLD, U. S. Expl. Exp., 12, p. 262, pL 19, figs. 330, a-b;1964 JoHNsoN, BulL U.S. Nat Mus., ne. 239, p,

124.

1860 IVbssa microstoma PEAsE, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 145 (publ. February-May 1860);

1865 CARpENTER, Proc. Zool, Soc. Lond., p. 516; 1965 KAy, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat.

Hist.) Zeo]. suppl., 1, p. 24, pl. 3, figs. 5, 6.

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1860 IVlassa dermestina GouLD, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 331 (publ. September 1860); 1895 PILsBRy, Cat mar, moll. Japan, p. 36; 1964 JoHNsoN, Bull. U. S, Nat. Mus,, no. 239, p. 67, pl. 16, fig. I.

186e IVLessa Plebecula GouLD, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 332; 1865 CARpENTER, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 516; 1959 BARNARD, Ann. Sth. Afric. Mus., 45, p. 118;1964 JoHNsoN. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 239, p. 128, pl. 16, fig. 6. 1864 AiLfssa tringa SouvERBIE in SouvERBIE & MoN'rRouzlER, Journ. de Conchyl., 12, p.

is6gpiiZ ldii'b.itOtL.O.g'p7iAsE, Americ. Journ. conch,, s, p, 7i, pi- s, fig･ s-

Text-figs. IN6. IVZessarius (Hima) nzultigranosus (DuNKER, 1847)

L Bzaccinum multigranosum DuNKER. Specimen from coll. DuNKE'R, Mus. f. Nat. Humboldt Univ. Berlin (10, Ox5. 6mm), 2. B. muttigranosum DuNKER. Specimen from coll. DuNKER, Mus. f. Nat. Humboldt Univ. Ber]in (9. 6 × 6. 1 mm). 3-4. IVkessa spurca GouLD, 1860. Holotype USNM No. C-1661 (10. 2x6, 5mm). 5 6. IVL acutidentata E. A. SMITH, 1879. Ho]otype B, M. N. H. No. 1878.11, 7. 36 (10.0× 5.4mm),

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1877 IVZ ssa scalarina MARRAT, Prop. new forms IVbssa, p. 12, pl, 1, fig. 27 (Hab.: ?) [non S.

V. WooD, 1872].

1879 Mrssa (Hima) tuteola E.A. SMITH, Proc. Zoo!. Soc. Lond., p. 212, pl. L'O, fig. 47;1882 DuNKER, Ind. Moll. mar. Japonici, p. 37;1895 PiLsBRy, Cat. mar. mo;1. Japan, p. 36.

1886 IVLissa (Hima) PauPera GouLD, WA'rsoN, Rept. ScL Res. Voy. H. M. S, Chal!enger, Zool., 15, p. 186; 1911 ScHEpMAN, Siboga-Exped,, 49d, p. 324,

1895 IVLtssa (Hima) Ptebecula GouLD, PILsBRy, Cat. mar. rnoll, Japan, p, 36. 1897 INlassa Producta SovvERBy, App. Mar. shells Sth. Africa, p. 6, pL 8, figs. 4, 5. 1911 Alassa (Hima) triizga SouvERBiE, ScHEpMAN, Siboga-Exped., 49d, p. 324.

1928 IVZxssarius filebeonlus CGouLD), ToMLiN, Ann. Sth. Afric. Mus., 25, p. 325'.

1932 fVkessa erecta TuRToN, Mar. shells Pt. Alfred S. A., p. 57, pl. 13, fig. 423.

1960 Reticunassa dermestina (GouLD), AzuMA, Cat. Moll. Shikoku Japan, p. 42; 1962 KIRA, Shells west. Pacif. coL, 1, p. 80, pL 29, fig. 11; 1967 HABE & KosuGE, Stand. book Jap.

shells col., p. 75, pL 29, fig, 29; 1971 KuRoDA & HABE, Sea Shells Sagami Bay, p. 175,

pl, 47, fig. 10. 1972 Alassarizes CHima.) PauPerus CGolJLT)), CERNoHoRsKy, Rec. Auckland Inst. Mus., 9, pJ -154. 186, text-figs. 151

71yPe localities: Pacific Ocean (N. PauPera);Hawaiian Ids, (N. microstoma); Kikaigashima, Ryukyu Ids. (N. dermestina); Amami-O-Shima, Ryukyu Ids, (NL PIebeculla);New Caledonia (N. tringa);Durban Sth. Africa (.IV. Producta);Pt. Alfred, Sth. Africa (N. erecta). Any species which receives le published names and 2 MS names is considered extremely variable, This is the case with AJassarius Pamperzts, which like many

other Nassariidae, and particularly species of the .Hima group, occurs in broad and slender forrns, and depending on the stage of growth, has no denticles on either lip (juvenile), or denticles only on the outer lip (immature), or has both lips thickened and denticulate (adult). As far as the colouring is concerned, individuals vary from white, cream to brown, and sometimes are banded either with brown or white, depending which base colour predominates. Although specimens have been recorded as deep as 116 meters, in the Fiji Islands specimens were found in numbers by hand-dredging in shallow water. Specirriens taken in an area of only 10 square meters, matched practically every variant of N. Pamperus ever described, with the exception of the uniformly dark brown form. CARPENTER (1865) who compared Pease's specimens with the types described by GOuLD, considered Nassa microstoma PEAsE, to be a white variety of N,

"N. "IV. dermestina GOuLD, and synonymized tztr-ricula PEAsE" (MS narne), undesciata PEAsE" (MS name) and N. Plebecula Goui.D, with N. Patopera GOULD. SCHEPMAN (1911), who reported the species under the name N. tringa "a SOUVERBIE, from Indonesia, in 32-91 meters, observed that it was variable species.... specimens are nearly plain-coloured or with conspicuous bands or only with brown lines, their size is variable as well as the number of parietal and columellar denticles". Subsequent authors synonymized IV. Producta with N.

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Text-figs7e-12. IVdssarius (Hlma) Patiperus (GouLD, 1850) 7. whssa Pampera GouLD, 1850. Holotype USNM No. 5726-immature specimen (9. 1 × 4. 8mm). 8. IVL dermestina GouLD, 1860. Holotype USNM No. 24166 (7, Ox3. 4 mrn). 9. IVL PIebecula GouLD, 1860. Lectotype USNM No. 24168 (10. 3 × 4. 8mm). Ie. IVL microstoma PEAsE, 186e. Holotype B.M.N.H. No. 1961458-immature specimen (9. 0x4. 0 mm). 11. IV: luteola E. A. SMITII, 1879. Holotype B. M. N. II. No. 1878. 11, 7. 39- immature specimen (7.4× 4.2> 12. IV. Producta SowERBy, 1897. Holotype B. M. N, IL No. 1899. 4. 14, 3604- senile specirnen (13. 7 × 5, 7 mm).

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plebecula or N. Plebecula with N. dermestina, but largely ignored N. PauPera, an earlier name based on an immature specimen. The data on the type-specimens

is as follows:

Nassa Pazipera GouLD, 1850: The holotype is in the National Museum of

Natural History, Washington, No. USNM 5726, dimensions length 9. 1 mm, width 4.8mm. It is a worn, immature, creamy-yellow specimen with 17 axial ribs on each of the last 2 whorls, 4-5 spiral threads on the penultirnate whorl and 11 on the body whorl, the columella has 8 plicae and the outer lip 9 denticles. Nassa microstoma PEAsE, 1860 : The holotype is in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, No. 1961458, dimensions length 9.0mm, width 4.0mm. It is a slender, juvenile individual which is white with a single brown band on each whorl, 15 axial ribs on each of the last 2 whorls and the columellar plicae and denticles on the outer lip have not as yet developed. Nassa dermestina GouLD, 1860: The holotype is in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, No. USNM 24166, dimensions length 7. 0mm, width 3,4mm. The specimen is slender, creamy-yellow in colour, and has 16 axial ribs

on each of the last 2 wherls. Being an adult, the columella is calloused and plicae

and denticles are present. Nassa Plebecula GouLD, 1860: The lectotype is in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, No. USNM 24168, dimensions length 10.3mm, width 4,8mm. The specimen is light yellowish-brown and has 17 axial ribs on each of the last 2 whorls and is fully mature with a calloused, plicate columella and

denticulate outer lip. NassaProducta SOwERBy, 1897: The holotype is in the British Museum (Nat, Hist.), London, No 1899.4.14.3604, dimensions length 13.7mm, width 5.7 mm. The specimen isadirty cream in colour, has 16 axial ribs and 7spiral threads on the penultimate whorl and 14 axial ribs and 10 spiral threads on the body whorl. Being adult, the columella is calloused and plicate and the outer lip - denticulate.

From examination of numerous Indo-Pacific specimens and comparison with the types, it is concluded that (Hima) Pauperus (GouLD, 1850), is the earliest applicable name for the species. It is widely distributed throughout the tropical and temperate Indo-Pacific, ranging from East Africa to Japan, East

Australia to Polynesia,

IVassarizas (Hima) fuscolineatus (E. A. SMITH, 1875) 7 jb rt1V t1 Av " de'd

(Text-figs. 13-14)

1875 AJZissa flatscotineata E. A. SMiTH, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., ser, 4, 15, p. 423; 1895 Pilsbry,

Cat. mar. moll. Japan, p. 35. 1871 Reticunassa fiescolineata (SMITH), KuRoDA & HABE, Sea shells Sagami Bay, p. 175, p].

4Z figs. 15, 16, 20.

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Text-figs. 13. Nkessarius (Hima) fuscolineatzas (E. A. SMI'rH, 1875). Holotype B. M. N. H. No. 1873. 8, 6. 41-broad furm (9.0× 4.6mm). 14. N. (H.) fascolineatus (E. A, SMITH). Specimen from Japan. B, M. N.Il. No. 1888, 3, 19. 10-slender form (11. 7 × 6. 3 mm).

711yPe localily: Cape Sima, Japan, 18 fathoms,

The species has, until reccnt times, not been accepted as a valid taxon, and has been either synonymized with IVassarius fraterculus (DUNKER, l860), or confused with 7V. PauPerus (GouLD, 1850). Although superficially similar to IV. PauPerus, the species differs in having generally thicker, rnore close-set axial ribs, but particularly in having thicker, closer set and overriding spiral cords. The holotype of Nassa .frtscolineata is in the British Museum (Nat. Hist), London, No. 1873,8, 6. 41, and measures length 9.0mm, width 4.6mm.

INassarius (EEma.) muttigranosus (DUNKER, 1847) t ] 2i v p " 1

CText-figs. 1 6)

1847 Buccinum multigranosum DuNK]tR, Zeit. L Ma]akozool.. 4, p. 61; 1849 I'hilippi, Abb. i Beschr. Conch. 3, p, 67, pL'2, fig. 13.

1852 ?Vassa multigrana DuNKit'1{, A. ADArvts, Prec. Zeol. Soc. Lond., pt. 19; 112 (nom. nuiL). 186e IVbssa spurca GouLr), Proc, BosL Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 332;1895 PILsBRy, Cat. mar.

molL Japan, p. 36;1964 JoHNsoN, BulL U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 239, p. 151, pl, 16, fig, 5 (not fig. 7 as stated by JoHNsoN);1969 KosuGIL', Venus;Jap. Journ. Malac., 28, p. 112.

1874 Nkssa dom:nula TAppAi{oNE-CANEFRI, Zool. viag, freg. Magenta, Ma]ac,, p. 19, pl. 1,

fig. 17.

1879 AJkessa CUima) acutidendata E. A. SMI'vH, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 212, p]. 20, fig. 46.

1882 IVbssa a(:utidentata SMIa'H, DuNKER, Ind. Mool mar. Japonici, p. 36 (emended spelling).

1882 IVIissa (ffima) acutidentata E. A. SMI'rH, Tryon, Man. Conch., 5, p. 46, pl 14, fig. 242, 1895 AJbssa (thma) dominula TAp.-CAN., Pii.sBRy, Cat. mar. moll, Japan, p. 36.

1936 Nlassarius dominulus (.TAppARoNE-CANEFRI), HIRAs:,, Cat Jap. shel]s, p, 76, pl. 106,

fig, 11.

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28, 1958 Reticunassa ucutidentatus (SMI'rH), HABE, Publ Akkeshi Mar. Biol. StaL, no. 8, p.

pl. 3, fig. 4. 1960 Reticunassa acutidentata (E. A. SMITH), AzuMA, Cat, Moll. Shikoku, Japan, p. 42; 1962 KJRA, Shells wesL Pac. col. 1, p. 8e, pl. 29, fig. 12. 1967 Mnia (Reticunassa) beata (GouLD), HABE & IGARAsm, CDntrib, Fish. Mus, Hokkaido Univ. no. 6, p. 22 (non 2Vdssa beata GouLD, 1860). 1967 Reticunassa beata (GeuLD), HABE & KosuGE, Stand. beok Jap. shells col,, 3, p. 75, pl. 29, fig. 28 (non Ahissa beata GouLD, 1860). 1971 Retic"nassa sPurca (GouLD), KuRoDA & HABE, Sea shells Sagami Bay, p. 175, pl. 47,

figs. 17-19. 7'lyPe localities: West Indies ?=error! (B. multigranosam) ; St. Simon's Bay, Sth. Africa==error! (N. spurca) ; Yokohama, Japan (N. dominula) ; Ojica Bay, Goto Id,, 10 fathoms and Ukushima, Goto Id,, 11 fathoms (N. acnticlentata). PILSBRy (1895) localized GouLD's species by reporting it from Ooshima and Yamada Harbour, in 7-8 fathoms, but queried whether thc Japanese shells is really GOULD's species. SMITH (1903) and TOMLIN (1928) erreneeusly assigned N. spurca to the South African fauna and synonymized the species with IVassarius leochianus (DUNKER, 1846). The name has remained unused and had been substltuted by Nassa dominuia TAppARONE-CANEFRI, and later N. acutidentata E. A. SMITH. N, "N. dbminula is placed by some authors in the synonymy of J-aPonica A. ADAMS" C==N. tenuis E. A. SMITH), but I agree with PILSBRY and HIRASE (see synonymy) in synonymizing it with Buccinum multigranesum DuNKER, on the basis of

description and figure. GouLD's taxon N. sPurca has been revived by JoHNsoN (1964), who un- fortunately reversed the figures and illustrated the species N. beata GouLD, 1860, under the name Ai. sputTa GOuLD, and vice versa. fVr. beata GouLD, is a synonym of Ar. sinusig.era A. ADAMs, 1852, as already realized by GouLD through an ap- pended note with the type specimen. JoHNsoN's error led to the citation of AT. beata for N. spurca in Japanese malacological literature until a correction by KOsuGE (1969) appeared. The taxon N. spttrca, however, cannot be considered to be in general current use in malacological literature since it had not been used 10 times by 5 different authors during the last 50 years (Deciaration 43 of the I.C.Z,N.), and has to be replaced by the prior unused senior synonym Buccinum multig7'anosum DuNKER, 1847. Data on the type-specimens is as follows: Buccinum multigranesum DuNKER, 1847: Two specimens of this species are in the Dunker collection in the Museum fUr Naturkunde, Humboldt University,

Berlin. Although not marked as the types, they are nevertheless original DUNKER material, most probable syntypes, and assist in elucidating the identity of B. nz"ltigranosum. The slender form of the species measures length 10. 0mm, width 5.6mm, while a broad individual measures 9.6mmx6. 1mm respectively, Beth are fairly fresh specimens and show the 3 brown bands on the body whorl and the typical red-brown spots on the anal and siphonal canals and columella. The

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"?West original locality of Indies" was cited with a query and is obviously as erroneous as the South African locality given for N. spu7Ta GOULD. Arassa spurca GouLD, 1860: The holotype is in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, No. C-1661, dimensions length 10.2mm, width 6.5 mm, and it is a broad individual of the species. Although originally reperted from St. Simon's Bay (=Cape of Good Hope, Sth. Africa), the label with the " type-specimen, probably a later addition, reads Hakodadi, Japan". Nassa (Hima) acutidentata E. A. SMITH, 1879: One holotype and5paratypes from Ojica Bay, Goto Ids., are in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, No. 1873. 11.7. 36. The helotype, which is the slender form of the species, is marked with a red spot and measures length 10.0mm, width 5.4mm. Nassa (Hima) luteola E. A. SMI'rH 1879, is not a synonym of Nassarius multigranosus as suggested by some authors, but is a synonym of N. PauPerus (GOULD).

IVassarius (Hiima) tenuis (E, A. SMITH, 1879) S=3711i

(Text-figs. 15-16)

1852. ? Nlassa imponica A. ADAMs, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., pt, 19, p. 110 (Japan) [nomen dubiesm]. 1874 Nkessa 1'oponica LiscHKE, Jap, Meeres-Conchyl. 3, p, 37, pl. 2, figs. 20-23 (non A. ADAMs, 1852 ; nec LiscHKE, 1868).

1875 IVkessa teneris E. A. SMITH, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. set 4, 15, p. 423. 1879 Nkessa (Hima) tenuis E. A. SMITH, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 211. 1895 IVdessa (Hlma) 1-openica (A. Ad.), LIscHKE, PILsBRy, Cat. mar. moll. Japan, p. 36. 1936 IVitssari"s ]'aPenicus (A. ADAMs), HIRAsE, Cat. Jap. shells, p. 76, pt. 106, fig, 12. 1962 Reticunassa imponica (A. ADAMs), KIRA, Shells west. Pacif. col. 1, p. 80, pl. 29, fig. 30; 1971 KuRoDA & HABE, Sea shells Sagami Bay, p. 176, pl. 48, figs. 24, 25. 71ype localily: Between Niphon and Shikoku Id., Japan, 30 fathoms (AJL tenuis). SMITH (1870) reported A. ADAMS' type of N, 7'oponica as lost, and considered ' "far the description as too brief and vague for identification of the species", and consequently retained his name Al. tenuis for the species. REEVE (1853-54) in his monograph of Nassariidae, appers to have been ignorant of the identity of Adams' Nassa 7'mponica and did not list it. PILSBRy (1895) did cite AJL japonica

C`A. but with an authorship of Ad., LISCHKE", A. ADAMS' description is not as brief as suggested by SMITH, but nevertheless brief enough to allow a positive identification of the species. His description fits Nassarius fttscolineat"s (E.A. SMITH) far better than it does N tenuis, including the mention of the single reddish-brown band, a feature associating it with AJL .fuscalineatus. During a recent , visit to the British Museum, the type specimen of Nassa ]?iponica A, ADAMs, could not be found, and in view of the ambiguous description the name IVL 1'mpontca A. ADAMs, 1852, must remain a nomen duhium. The species Nassa tenuis E.A. SMITH, is well documented: the holotype is

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Text-figs. 15. IVkessarius (Hima) tenuis (E,A. SMITH, 1879). Holotype B. M. N, H. No, 1873. 8. 6. 4e (12. 5 × 6. 2 mm). 16. NL CHL) tenuis (E, A. SMITH). Paratype B. M. N. H. (11.0x5.7mm).

in the British Museum (Nat. Hist,), London, No, 1873.8. 6. 40, and measures length

12.5mm, width 6.2rnm, The fine but clathrate sculpture is typical of the species,

Subgenus Telasco H. & A, ADAMS, 1853

Telasco H. & A. ADAMS, 1853, Gen. Rec. Moll., 1 : 119. Type-species by subsequ- ent designation (OosTINGH, 1939) iVassa variabilis (PHIL.)=Bucci-num

costulatum RENIER, 1804. 'Syn. 1936 7larazeuxis IREDALE, Rec. Aust. Mus. 19:322. Type-species by original design-

ation IVinssa mucronata A, ADAMs, 1852==iVL gascdiosa HINDs, 1844 (Tlarazeuxis is

a nomen nud"m).

The artificiality of present generic arrangements is clearly demonstrated by the two closely allied species Nassarius gnudiosus (HINDs, 1844) and N luridus (GouLD, 1850) [date erroneously given as 1849 in JoHNsON, 1964 and CERNO- HoRsKy, 1972]. N. gaudiosus which is usually a more slender and fusiform species than N luridus, and is either srnooth or costate, would fit in the

7"elasco H. & A, ADAMs, whereas typical individuals of IV, luridus resemble more closely IV. mutabilis (LINNAEus, 1758), the type-species of SPhaeronassa LOCARD, 1886. However, both these species can become so broad or slender that they elosely approach each other in form, and a generic separation would be illogical. Tarazeuxis IREDALE, 1936, a narne frequently used in Japanese malacological

literature, is a nomen nudum, since its mode of erection does not conform to the

requirements of the Code of the International Commission on Zeolegical Nomen-

clature (see CERNOHORSKY, 1972).

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IVassarius (Tetasco) sut77atus (GOULD, 1860) H 7-U

(Text-fig, 17) 1853 Desmoulea y'oponica A. A])AMs, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., pt. 19, p. 1]3 (non Ailrssa J'tiponica A. ADAMs, 1852). 1860 7Vdssa su177ata GouLD, Proc. BosL Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, p. 330;1895 PILsBRy, Cat. man molL 34; Japan, p. 1934 GINER-MARi, Journ, de Conchy]. 78, p. 8; 1964 JollNsoN, Bu]1. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 239, p. 155. 1868 AiLtssa 7'mponica LIscHKE, Malakoz, Blatter, 15, p. 220

71yPe localities: Japan (AJI jaPonica, AL binoneinata, D. feurodei); Hong Kong, China and Kagoshima, Japan (iVL sulO7ata) ; Nagasaki, Japan (AJL balteata). The identity of N suLt7Zata Gould, is by no means unequivocally established since the species has never been illustrated, the type is lost and the clescription, often insufficient without an illustration in such a difficult group as the Nassariidae, could possibly fit the Nassarius suXflatus of authors, but could equally as well apply to some othcr related species. PILsBRy (1895) who first introduced the name the into Japanese faunal literature, was probably ignorant of the true of fVL szall7atus identity (GOuLD), because he not only cited this species, but also a new proposed name for the conspecific Desmoulea juPonica A. ADAMS. I am accepting the name AL suLti7atus with reservation. The holotype of Desmoulea juPonica A. ADAMs. which is also the type of AL binominata PILSBRY, and Demoulia leurodoi TOMLIN, is in the British Museum Hist.), (Nat. London, No. 197342, dimensions: length 23.0mm, width 15.5rnm. It a very worn specimen is with the early whorls missing, the suture on the

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Text-fig. 17. Alassarius (lletasco) suXnatus (GouLD, 1860). Holotype of Desmoutea ]-aPonica A. ADAMs, 1853, IVlrssa (Demouiia) binominata PILsBRy, 1895 and Den2o"lia leurodoi ToMi.IN, 1932, B, M, N. H. No. 197342 C23. 0x15, 5mm).

dorsal side of the body whorl is crenulate and the columella has 6 denticles,

apart from a parietal fold. Nassarius sui71atus is a species very similar to N

lurz'dus (GouLD), and its varieties. Further studies into their biological relation-

ship are clearly indicated.

IVassarius (Telasco) velatus (GOULD, 1850) v･I 75 y 7-;t

(Text-fig. 18)

1850 Buccin"m (Bullia?) velatum GouLD, Proc, Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 3, p. 151 ; 1852 GouLD,

U.S, Expl. Exped,, 12, p. 252, pl. 19, fig. 319, a.

1882 Bullia velata GouLD, TRyoN, Man. Conch., 4, p. 16, 35, pL 11, figs. 123, 125.

1946 IVdessari"s CZeuxis) velatus (GouLD), HABE, Venus: Jap. Journ. Malac. 14, p. 196, text-fig. 13 (radula), 1962 Zizuxis velatus (GouLD), KIRA, Shells west. Pacif. co]., 1, p. 81, pl. 29, fig. 24. 1967 Zleuxis (Thrazeuxis) velatus (GouLD), HABE & KosuGE, Stand. book Jap. she]]s col., p. 75, pl. 29, figs. 26, 27. 1971 Tlarazeuxis velatus (GouLD), KuRoDA & HABE, Sea shells Sagami Bay, p. 178, pL 48 figs. 19, 20.

71yPe lecalily: Mindanao, Philippine Islands.

The 2 syntypes of Buccinum velatum GouLD, 1850, are in the National Museum

of Natural History, Washington, No. 18134, dimensions length 17.3mm, width

8. 0mm. The specirnens are grossly worn, faded brown with all trace of sculpture

worn away, and the base of the columella has 1-2 folds.. Also on the label are

"IVI ". the rernarks Punctata A. ADAMS

TRyoN (1882) considered B. velatum to be undoubtedly Nassarius gaudiosus

(HINDS, 1844). Although the types are so badly worn that one cannot be abso-

lutely sure what species they represent, the few diagnostic features which are

still visible in the worn specimens agree with those of AL gaudiosus (HINDS).

AJL gaudiosus is a very variable species from the Indo-Pacific, and occurs either

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62 VENUS: Vol. 33, No. 2 (1974)

Text-figs. 18. IVkessarius (1"elasco) velattfs (GeuLD, 1850). Syntype USNM No. 18134 (17. 3 × O, 8 mm). 19. IVkessarius (Vitricinassa) variciflara (A. ADAMs, 1852). Syntypes B.M.N.H. (specimen on left 24.5 × 11.0mm, specimen on right 29.0 × 14.4mm).

srneoth, axially ribbed or even spirally striate, and in colour varies from marbled,

spotted, banded to uniforrnly dark brown. It has received almost a dozen varietal names based on characters of sculpture or colour, The species illustrated in Japanese malacological literature as AIL velatus is the dark brown form of AJL gaudiosus (HINDs), and has been described under its synonyms IVassa Punctata A. ADAMs, 1852 (non KIENER, 1834) and NL luctuosa A. Adams, 1852. A paper

on the subject is in preparation, Subgenus Varicinassa HABE, 1946 Varicinassa HABE, 1946, Venus: Jap. Journ. Malac., 14, p. 193. Type species by monotypy Nassarius ( Varicinassa) varic(fems (A. ADAMs)=Nassa varicr1fera

A. ADAMs, 1852.

IVassarius (Varicinassa) varicifera (A. ADAMS, 1852) t) *.NtAyp ti'I

(Text-fig, 19)

1852 IVbssa varicijlera A, ADAMs, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond,, pt, 19, p. 108. 1879 IVbssa (Zeuxis) varicijera A. ADAMs, E, A, SMI'rH, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond., p. 210;1882 TRyoN, Man. Conch., 4, p, 31, pl. 10, fig. 91;1895 PILsBRy, Cat, mar. molL Japan, p.

36. 1895 Allissa (Zeuxis) varicof13ra var. fraterminor PILsBRy, Cat. mar, moll. Japan, p. 36. 1942 Zeuxis varicijrera (A, Ai)AMs), YEN, Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond,, 24, p. 232, pL 23, fig. 165. 1946 A7lrssarius (Vkericinassa) varicijlerus (A. ADAMs), HABE, Venus: Jap. Journ. Malac., 14, p. 193, text-fig. 19 (radula). 1954 7Vitia (Vitricinassa) varicofera (A. ADAMs), KIRA, Cel, illust. she!ls Japan, p. 56, pl.

28, fig. 15. 1962 Vlzricinassa varicijlara (A. ADAMs), KIRA, Shells west. Pacif. cuL, 1, p, 8e, pl. 29, fig. 14; 1967 HABE & KesuGE, Stand. book Jap, shells, p. 76, pL 29, fig. 34.

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CERNoHoRsKy:Japanese Nassariidae 63

7blPe lacalily: Eastern Seas.

Three syntypes of IVassa varicijTera A. ADAMs, are in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, dimensions of one syntype length 29.0mm, width 14.4mm, of another length 24.5mm, width 11.0mm. Someone added to the label the

"Shanghai remark lide Mr, HANLEY". Acknowledgements. I would like to thank Dr. J. TAyLoR and Mr. J. PEAKE, British Museum (Natural History), London, and Dr. H.A. REHDER, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, for their permission to examine and photograph type-specimens of Nassariidae. To Dr. R. KILIAs, Museum fUr Naturkunde, Humboldt University, Berlin, the writer is gratefull for various information and photographs of DUNKER's types of Nassariidae.

References

CARpENTER, P,P. 1865. No title. Proc. Zbel. Soc. London; 516-517. CERNoHoRsKy, W.O. 1972. Indo-Pacific Nassariidae (: ). Rec. Aucletand inst. Mus.,9: 125-194, text-figs. 1-162.

JoHNsoN, R.L 1964. The Recent Mollusca of Augustus Addison GouLD. U. S. IVlat. M"s. Bull. IVb. 239: 1-182, pls, 1-45.

KosuGE, "the S, 1960. 0n some remarks on Recent Mellusca of A. A. GouLD" by JoHNsoN. Vbnus: j2zP. Iburn, Mdlac.. 28 (2): 112-113, text-fig. PEAsE, W, H. 1865. Description of new genera and species of marine shells from the Islands

of the Central Pacific. Proc, Zbol. Soc. Londbn: 512-517. PILBRy, H.A. 1895. Catalogue of the marine mollusks of Japan with descriptions of new species and notes on others cellected by Frederick STEARNs. Detroit, pp. i-viii, 1- 196, pls, 1-11. REEvE, L. A. 1853-54. Conchologia Iconica. Monograph of the genus IVbssa. London, pls. 1-29, text and Index.

ScHEpMAN, M. 1911. The Prosobranchia ef the Siboga Expedition. Part IV. Rhachiglossa. Siboga-EAiPed 49d: 247- 363, pls, 18-24. SMiTH, E.A. 1879. 0n a collection of mollusca from Japan. Proc. ZboL Soc. London; 181--

218, pls. 19-20.

SMITH, E. A. 1903. A list of species of Mollusca frem South Africa, forming an appendix to "Marine G.B. SowERBy's shells of South Africa". Proc. Mblac. Soc. London, 5:

354-402, pl. 15.

ToMmN, J. R, LE B. 1928. Reports on the marine Mollusca in the collections of the South

African Museum. Ann. South Africric. Mus.. 25 (2) : 313-335, pls. 25-26. TRyoN, G. W. 1882, Manual of Conchology. Philadelphia, 4: 1-226, pls. 1-58.

st k

Family Nassariidae IREDALE 1916 - V d va 7.r.t' FF

Genus Alassarius DuMERIL 1806 ri' V xr Liy ;7-"!C tt 'CUi6 A l"a ;7 !itf k (]lyllene GRAy, 1833eel)Xptltve < JJitnS6)-q)ptltatr fcgeLhajptgtrctw-) h:, XfiJeJI!utilmeeeu(F ig b a) LanSll'9L 6 t 8 ts ttiJk ig.

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64 VENUS ： VoL 33， No ．2 （1974）

Subgenus H ima／ LEAcH in GRAY 1852 ナ ミ ヒ メ ム シ ロ ガ イ 亜 属

こ の 属 は ア ラ ム シ ロ ガ イ に あ て ら れ た こ と もあ る ほ ど，Retic” nassa IREDALE 1936 に 近 似 し た 特

で る の 一つ の で る 微 ， 後者 を 異 名 とす も 見 解 あ 。

1850 ヒ メ ム シ ロ 7 − 12 Nassarius （Hima ）pauperus （GouLD ， ） ナ ミ ガ イ （e9 図）

1860 N ． GouLD 1860 N ． Hima luteolaSMITH 1879 Nassa dermestina GouLD ， ； plebecula ， ； （ ） ，

ミ ヒ メ ム シ Pt ン ド ・ に を異 名 に あ げ て い る の で ， ナ ガ イ は ．ヒ記 に 学名 は 変 更 さ れ ， イ 太 平 洋 海 域 広 く 分 布 す る 。 ’ ma 1875 フ カ ボ リ ヒ メ ム シ ロ ガ イ 13 14 図 Nassarius （Hi ）fuscolineatus（SMITH ， ） （第 ， ）

ロ ム シ 卩 こ こ の こ の 学 名 は ク ス ジ ガ イ に あ て ら れ た と もあ る が ，相 模 湾 産 只類 で 種 と さ れ て ， 査定

は 正 し い 。 分 布 は 目本 。

multigranosus DuNKER 1847 ヒ メ ム シ ロ ガ 1 − 6 Nassarius （H7ima） （ ， ） イ （第 図 ）

1860 Nassa − acsttidendata Nassa spurca GouLD ， ； dominula TAPPARoNE CANEFRI ，1874 ； Nassa

＝Nassa acutidentata の で ヒ メ ム シ ロ ガ イ の は に な る が SMITH ， 1879 （ ）が 異名 と され る ， 学 名 変更 ，

ソ べ N ． dominuga 学 名 の 種 は 産 地 の 誤 と 思 わ れ る が 西 イ ド産 で ，他 は す て 口 本 産 で あ る 。 （東 京湾）

ヌ い の て い は 紹 介 者 は キ ボ ラ で な か と思 っ て い る が ，彼 は こ の 種 異 名 と し る 。

SMITH 1879 ヌ ボ 15 16 Nassarius （Hima ）tenuis （ ， ） キ ラ （第 ， 図 ） ’ aponica ADAMs 1852 は SMITH 1879 こ れ ま で 使 っ て 来 た Nassa コ A ． 模 式 標 本 が 現 存 せ ず ， （ ） や ’ ” “ − aponica A ・AD ・ LlsCHKE と し REEvE （1858 54） は 不 詳 種 と し ， PILsBRY （1895） も Nassa j ，

て る で る は ろ フ カ ボ リ ヒ メ ム シ 卩 ガ イ の に て い る の で ， こ れ を 不 詳 種 と し 排 除 す 見 解 あ 。 記 載 む し 方

一 と べ て い る 近 く ， 赤 褐 色帯 が 本 あ る 述 。 ・ ． す る と 次 い で 古 い 学 名 と し て Nassa dOminula TAPPARoNE CANEFRI ，1874 を 思 うが ，彼 は こ れ 1879 は ヒ メ ム シ ロ ガ イ の 異 名 と い う 見解 で あ る か ら Nassa tenuis SMITH ， ｝こ な る 。

ミ Subgenus Telasco H ．＆ A ． ADAMs ，1853 ヨ フ ・ ィ亜 属

て て い こ は の で る Tarazeuxis IREDALE ，1936 を 命 名 規 約 上 無 効 名 と し 排 除 し る 。 れ そ 通 り あ が ，

の と る か は む か し い lREDALE の 創 設 し た 属名 を 記 載 の 程 度 に 応 じ て ， ど 属 を 有効 と し ， 無 効 す ず 問 題 で あ る 。 TelaSCO属 は 従来 は 地 中 海産 の 小 形 の 縦 肋 の あ る 種 に あ て られ て 来 た が ，や や 人 き い 縦 肋

ヨ フ パ の な い イ ま で 拡 げ ら れ て い る u

バ su177at κ s ヨ フ 17 Nassarius （Tetasco） （GouLD ， 1860） イ （節 図 ）

こ の 学 名 の 標 本 は 図 説 さ れ て い な い し ， ま た 記 載 も 十 分 で な い が ， ヨ フ バ イ に あ た る も の と 彼 は 同 意す る 。

ヨ バ 18 Nassari ” s （Tetasco） vetatus （GouLD ，1850 ） シ イ ノ ミ フ イ （第 図 ）

種名 に つ い て は 従 来 の 見 解 と 同 じ で あ る 。 ハ Subgenus Varicinassa HABE ，1946 ウ ネ ナ ム シ ロ ガ イ 亜 属 1 穀 表 に 著 し い 縦 肋 が あ る 種群，下 記 の 種 の み 。

α ssa varicifera 1852 ハ ム シ ロ ガ 19 Nassarius （Varicin ） （A ．ADAMs ， ） ウ ネ ナ イ （第 図 ）

て い る 模 式 産 地 は Eastern Seas で あ る が ， 上 海 と 書 き 加 え ら れ 。

〔抄 録 者 （1973 ） も British Museum で こ れ 等 の 標 本 を 調 べ ， ま た 写 真 に L て 来 た が Nassa

luteola SMITH は ナ ミ ヒ メ ム シ ロ ガ イ と 多 少 趣 を 異 に す る 淡褐 色 の 個 体 で あ っ た が ， ま だ そ

れ に 完 全 に 査 定 出 来 る も の は 入 手 し て い な い 。

セ ル ノ ホ ル ス キ ーは 従 来 か ら粗 い 分 類 を す る 傾向 の 学者 で ， こ れ で ま の 論 文 で も 相 当 思 い

い い し て い る の 切 っ た 属 や 種 の 併 合 を し て る 。 こ の 論 文 で も属 や 種 に 相 当著 し 改 訂 を提 唱 で ，和 文 抄 録 に 紹 介者 の 意 見 を 多 少 加 え て 記 述 し た 。 （波部 忠 重 ）〕

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