CHESS How to Play Chess: Rules and Basics
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A Combinatorial Game Theoretic Analysis of Chess Endgames
A COMBINATORIAL GAME THEORETIC ANALYSIS OF CHESS ENDGAMES QINGYUN WU, FRANK YU,¨ MICHAEL LANDRY 1. Abstract In this paper, we attempt to analyze Chess endgames using combinatorial game theory. This is a challenge, because much of combinatorial game theory applies only to games under normal play, in which players move according to a set of rules that define the game, and the last player to move wins. A game of Chess ends either in a draw (as in the game above) or when one of the players achieves checkmate. As such, the game of chess does not immediately lend itself to this type of analysis. However, we found that when we redefined certain aspects of chess, there were useful applications of the theory. (Note: We assume the reader has a knowledge of the rules of Chess prior to reading. Also, we will associate Left with white and Right with black). We first look at positions of chess involving only pawns and no kings. We treat these as combinatorial games under normal play, but with the modification that creating a passed pawn is also a win; the assumption is that promoting a pawn will ultimately lead to checkmate. Just using pawns, we have found chess positions that are equal to the games 0, 1, 2, ?, ", #, and Tiny 1. Next, we bring kings onto the chessboard and construct positions that act as game sums of the numbers and infinitesimals we found. The point is that these carefully constructed positions are games of chess played according to the rules of chess that act like sums of combinatorial games under normal play. -
2009 U.S. Tournament.Our.Beginnings
Chess Club and Scholastic Center of Saint Louis Presents the 2009 U.S. Championship Saint Louis, Missouri May 7-17, 2009 History of U.S. Championship “pride and soul of chess,” Paul It has also been a truly national Morphy, was only the fourth true championship. For many years No series of tournaments or chess tournament ever held in the the title tournament was identi- matches enjoys the same rich, world. fied with New York. But it has turbulent history as that of the also been held in towns as small United States Chess Championship. In its first century and a half plus, as South Fallsburg, New York, It is in many ways unique – and, up the United States Championship Mentor, Ohio, and Greenville, to recently, unappreciated. has provided all kinds of entertain- Pennsylvania. ment. It has introduced new In Europe and elsewhere, the idea heroes exactly one hundred years Fans have witnessed of choosing a national champion apart in Paul Morphy (1857) and championship play in Boston, and came slowly. The first Russian Bobby Fischer (1957) and honored Las Vegas, Baltimore and Los championship tournament, for remarkable veterans such as Angeles, Lexington, Kentucky, example, was held in 1889. The Sammy Reshevsky in his late 60s. and El Paso, Texas. The title has Germans did not get around to There have been stunning upsets been decided in sites as varied naming a champion until 1879. (Arnold Denker in 1944 and John as the Sazerac Coffee House in The first official Hungarian champi- Grefe in 1973) and marvelous 1845 to the Cincinnati Literary onship occurred in 1906, and the achievements (Fischer’s winning Club, the Automobile Club of first Dutch, three years later. -
Issue 16, June 2019 -...CHESSPROBLEMS.CA
...CHESSPROBLEMS.CA Contents 1 Originals 746 . ISSUE 16 (JUNE 2019) 2019 Informal Tourney....... 746 Hors Concours............ 753 2 Articles 755 Andreas Thoma: Five Pendulum Retros with Proca Anticirce.. 755 Jeff Coakley & Andrey Frolkin: Multicoded Rebuses...... 757 Arno T¨ungler:Record Breakers VIII 766 Arno T¨ungler:Pin As Pin Can... 768 Arno T¨ungler: Circe Series Tasks & ChessProblems.ca TT9 ... 770 3 ChessProblems.ca TT10 785 4 Recently Honoured Canadian Compositions 786 5 My Favourite Series-Mover 800 6 Blast from the Past III: Checkmate 1902 805 7 Last Page 808 More Chess in the Sky....... 808 Editor: Cornel Pacurar Collaborators: Elke Rehder, . Adrian Storisteanu, Arno T¨ungler Originals: [email protected] Articles: [email protected] Chess drawing by Elke Rehder, 2017 Correspondence: [email protected] [ c Elke Rehder, http://www.elke-rehder.de. Reproduced with permission.] ISSN 2292-8324 ..... ChessProblems.ca Bulletin IIssue 16I ORIGINALS 2019 Informal Tourney T418 T421 Branko Koludrovi´c T419 T420 Udo Degener ChessProblems.ca's annual Informal Tourney Arno T¨ungler Paul R˘aican Paul R˘aican Mirko Degenkolbe is open for series-movers of any type and with ¥ any fairy conditions and pieces. Hors concours compositions (any genre) are also welcome! ! Send to: [email protected]. " # # ¡ 2019 Judge: Dinu Ioan Nicula (ROU) ¥ # 2019 Tourney Participants: ¥!¢¡¥£ 1. Alberto Armeni (ITA) 2. Rom´eoBedoni (FRA) C+ (2+2)ser-s%36 C+ (2+11)ser-!F97 C+ (8+2)ser-hsF73 C+ (12+8)ser-h#47 3. Udo Degener (DEU) Circe Circe Circe 4. Mirko Degenkolbe (DEU) White Minimummer Leffie 5. Chris J. Feather (GBR) 6. -
More About Checkmate
MORE ABOUT CHECKMATE The Queen is the best piece of all for getting checkmate because it is so powerful and controls so many squares on the board. There are very many ways of getting CHECKMATE with a Queen. Let's have a look at some of them, and also some STALEMATE positions you must learn to avoid. You've already seen how a Rook can get CHECKMATE XABCDEFGHY with the help of a King. Put the Black King on the side of the 8-+k+-wQ-+( 7+-+-+-+-' board, the White King two squares away towards the 6-+K+-+-+& middle, and a Rook or a Queen on any safe square on the 5+-+-+-+-% same side of the board as the King will give CHECKMATE. 4-+-+-+-+$ In the first diagram the White Queen checks the Black King 3+-+-+-+-# while the White King, two squares away, stops the Black 2-+-+-+-+" King from escaping to b7, c7 or d7. If you move the Black 1+-+-+-+-! King to d8 it's still CHECKMATE: the Queen stops the Black xabcdefghy King moving to e7. But if you move the Black King to b8 is CHECKMATE! that CHECKMATE? No: the King can escape to a7. We call this sort of CHECKMATE the GUILLOTINE. The Queen comes down like a knife to chop off the Black King's head. But there's another sort of CHECKMATE that you can ABCDEFGH do with a King and Queen. We call this one the KISS OF 8-+k+-+-+( DEATH. Put the Black King on the side of the board, 7+-wQ-+-+-' the White Queen on the next square towards the middle 6-+K+-+-+& and the White King where it defends the Queen and you 5+-+-+-+-% 4-+-+-+-+$ get something like our next diagram. -
IVAN II Operating Manual Model 712
IVAN II Operating Manual Model 712 Congratulations on your purchase of Excalibur Electronics’ IVAN! You’ve purchased both your own personal chess trainer and a partner who’s always ready for a game—and who can improve as you do! Talking and audio sounds add anoth- Play a Game Right Away er dimension to your IVAN computer for After you have installed the batteries, the increased enjoyment and play value. display will show the chess board with all the pieces on their starting squares. Place Find the Pieces the plastic chess pieces on their start Turn Ivan over carefully with his chess- squares using the LCD screen as a guide. board facedown. Find the door marked The dot-matrix display will show “PIECE COMPARTMENT DOOR”. 01CHESS. This indicates you are at the Open it and remove the chess pieces. first move of the game and ready to play Replace the door and set the pieces aside chess. for now. Unless you instruct it otherwise, IVAN gives you the White pieces—the ones at Install the Batteries the bottom of the board. White always With Ivan facedown, find the door moves first. You’re ready to play! marked “BATTERY DOOR’. Open it and insert four (4) fresh, alkaline AA batteries Making your move in the battery holder. Note the arrange- Besides deciding on a good move, you ment of the batteries called for by the dia- have to move the piece in a way that Ivan gram in the holder. Make sure that the will recognize what's been played. Think positive tip of each battery matches up of communicating your move as a two- with the + sign in the battery compart- step process--registering the FROM ment so that polarity will be correct. -
A Manual in Chess Game the Unity Asset
Manual to Chess Game – Unity Asset Introduction This document details how the unity asset called Chess Game works. If you have any questions you can contact me at [email protected] Code documentation: http://readytechtools.com/ChessGame/ManualChessGame.pdf Content Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1 Board representation..................................................................................................................................2 Generating Moves.......................................................................................................................................3 Testing legality of moves.............................................................................................................................3 Special Moves(Castling, EnPassant and Pawn promotions).........................................................................4 AI Opponent................................................................................................................................................4 FAQ..............................................................................................................................................................5 Board representation The board is represented in two ways. The visual board that the end user sees and interacts. This visual board is primarily handled by cgChessBoardScript.cs which inherits from MonoBehaviour and has editable properties -
Chess Openings
Chess Openings PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Tue, 10 Jun 2014 09:50:30 UTC Contents Articles Overview 1 Chess opening 1 e4 Openings 25 King's Pawn Game 25 Open Game 29 Semi-Open Game 32 e4 Openings – King's Knight Openings 36 King's Knight Opening 36 Ruy Lopez 38 Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation 57 Italian Game 60 Hungarian Defense 63 Two Knights Defense 65 Fried Liver Attack 71 Giuoco Piano 73 Evans Gambit 78 Italian Gambit 82 Irish Gambit 83 Jerome Gambit 85 Blackburne Shilling Gambit 88 Scotch Game 90 Ponziani Opening 96 Inverted Hungarian Opening 102 Konstantinopolsky Opening 104 Three Knights Opening 105 Four Knights Game 107 Halloween Gambit 111 Philidor Defence 115 Elephant Gambit 119 Damiano Defence 122 Greco Defence 125 Gunderam Defense 127 Latvian Gambit 129 Rousseau Gambit 133 Petrov's Defence 136 e4 Openings – Sicilian Defence 140 Sicilian Defence 140 Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation 159 Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation 163 Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon 169 Sicilian, Dragon, Yugoslav attack, 9.Bc4 172 Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation 175 Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation 181 Chekhover Sicilian 185 Wing Gambit 187 Smith-Morra Gambit 189 e4 Openings – Other variations 192 Bishop's Opening 192 Portuguese Opening 198 King's Gambit 200 Fischer Defense 206 Falkbeer Countergambit 208 Rice Gambit 210 Center Game 212 Danish Gambit 214 Lopez Opening 218 Napoleon Opening 219 Parham Attack 221 Vienna Game 224 Frankenstein-Dracula Variation 228 Alapin's Opening 231 French Defence 232 Caro-Kann Defence 245 Pirc Defence 256 Pirc Defence, Austrian Attack 261 Balogh Defense 263 Scandinavian Defense 265 Nimzowitsch Defence 269 Alekhine's Defence 271 Modern Defense 279 Monkey's Bum 282 Owen's Defence 285 St. -
Caissa Nieuws
rvd v CAISSA NIEUWS -,1. 374 Met een vraagtecken priJ"ken alleen die zetten, die <!-Cl'.1- logiSchcnloop der partij werkelijk ingrijpend vemol"en. Voor zichzelf·sprekende dreigingen zijn niet vermeld. · Ah, de klassieken ... april 1999 Caissanieuws 37 4 april 1999 Colofon Inhoud Redactioneel meer is, hij zegt toe uit de doeken te doen 4. Gerard analyseert de pijn. hoe je een eindspeldatabase genereert. CaïssaNieuws is het clubblad van de Wellicht is dat iets voor Ed en Leo, maar schaakvereniging Caïssa 6. Rikpareert Predrag. Dik opgericht 1-5-1951 6. Dennis komt met alle standen. verder ook voor elke Caïssaan die zijn of it is een nummer. Met een schaak haar spel wil verbeteren. Daar zijn we wel Clublokaal: Oranjehuis 8. Derde nipt naar zege. dik Van Ostadestraat 153 vrije avond en nog wat feestdagen in benieuwd naar. 10. Zesde langs afgrond. 1073 TKAmsterdam hetD vooruitzicht is dat wel prettig. Nog aan Tot slot een citaat uit de bespreking van Telefoon - clubavond: 679 55 59 dinsda_g_ 13. Maarten heeftnotatie-biljet op genamer is het te merken dat er mensen Robert Kikkert van een merkwaardig boek Voorzitter de rug. zijn die de moeite willen nemen een bij dat weliswaar de Grünfeld-verdediging als Frans Oranje drage aan het clubblad te leveren zonder onderwerp heeft, maar ogenschijnlijk ook Oudezijds Voorburgwal 109 C 15. Tuijl vloert Vloermans. 1012 EM Amsterdam 17. Johan ziet licht aan de horizon. dat daar om gevraagd is. Zo moet het! een ongebruikelijke visieop ons multi-culti Telefoon 020 627 70 17 18. Leo biedt opwarmertje. In deze aflevering van CN zet Gerard wereldje bevat en daarbij enpassant het we Wedstrijdleider interne com12etitie nauwgezet uiteen dat het beter kanen moet reldvoedselverdelingsvraagstukaan de orde Steven Kuypers 20. -
Proposal to Encode Heterodox Chess Symbols in the UCS Source: Garth Wallace Status: Individual Contribution Date: 2016-10-25
Title: Proposal to Encode Heterodox Chess Symbols in the UCS Source: Garth Wallace Status: Individual Contribution Date: 2016-10-25 Introduction The UCS contains symbols for the game of chess in the Miscellaneous Symbols block. These are used in figurine notation, a common variation on algebraic notation in which pieces are represented in running text using the same symbols as are found in diagrams. While the symbols already encoded in Unicode are sufficient for use in the orthodox game, they are insufficient for many chess problems and variant games, which make use of extended sets. 1. Fairy chess problems The presentation of chess positions as puzzles to be solved predates the existence of the modern game, dating back to the mansūbāt composed for shatranj, the Muslim predecessor of chess. In modern chess problems, a position is provided along with a stipulation such as “white to move and mate in two”, and the solver is tasked with finding a move (called a “key”) that satisfies the stipulation regardless of a hypothetical opposing player’s moves in response. These solutions are given in the same notation as lines of play in over-the-board games: typically algebraic notation, using abbreviations for the names of pieces, or figurine algebraic notation. Problem composers have not limited themselves to the materials of the conventional game, but have experimented with different board sizes and geometries, altered rules, goals other than checkmate, and different pieces. Problems that diverge from the standard game comprise a genre called “fairy chess”. Thomas Rayner Dawson, known as the “father of fairy chess”, pop- ularized the genre in the early 20th century. -
Basic Chess Rules
Basic chess rules Setting up the board: The board should be set up with the white square in the nearest row on the right, “white on the right”. If this isn’t done the king and queen will be mixed up. Shake hands across the board before the game starts. White always moves first. Ranks and files: Going from left to right, the vertical rows on the board, called files, are labeled a through h. The horizontal rows, called ranks, are numbered 1 to 8. The 1 is white’s side of the board; 8 is black’s side. This system can be used to show what square a piece is on in a way like the game Battleship. When the board is set up the square a1 will be on the white player’s left side. Pieces and how they move: In our club, once you move a piece and take your hand off it, you cannot change your move, unless your opponent lets you, which they do not need to do. However, you may touch a piece, consider a move, and put the piece back in its original position, as long as you don’t take your hand off of the piece during the process. Pawn (P): White pawns start on rank two, black pawns on rank 7. The first time a pawn is moved it can move forward either one or two ranks. It cannot jump over another piece. After it has moved once, whether it has moved up one or two, a pawn can only move one square forward at a time, and it cannot move backward. -
PNWCC FIDE Open – Olympiad Gold
https://www.pnwchesscenter.org [email protected] Pacific Northwest Chess Center 12020 113th Ave NE #C-200, Kirkland, WA 98034 PNWCC FIDE Open – Olympiad Gold Jan 18-21, 2019 Description A 3-section, USCF and FIDE rated 7-round Swiss tournament with time control of 40/90, SD 30 with 30-second increment from move one, featuring two Chess Olympiad Champion team players from two generations and countries. Featured Players GM Bu, Xiangzhi • World’s currently 27th ranked chess player with FIDE Elo 2726 (“Super GM”) • 2018 43rd Chess Olympia Champion (Team China, Batumi, Georgia) • 2017 Chess World Cup Round 4 (Eliminated World Champion GM Magnus Carlsen in Round 3. Watch video here) • 2015 World Team Chess Champion (Team China, Tsaghkadzor, Armenia) • 6th Youngest Chess Grand Master in human history (13 years, 10 months, 13 days) GM Tarjan, James • 2017 Beat former World Champion GM Vladimir Kramnik in Isle of Man Chess Tournament Round 3. Watch video here • Played for the Team USA at five straight Chess Olympiads from 1974-1982 • 1976 22nd Chess Olympiad Champion (Team USA, Haifa, Israel) • Competed in several US Championships during the 1970s and 1980s with the best results of clear second in 1978 GM Bu, Xiangzhi Bio – Bu was born in Qingdao, a famous seaside city of China in 1985 and started chess training since age 6, inspired by his compatriot GM Xie Jun’s Women’s World Champion victory over GM Maya Chiburdanidze in 1991. A few years later Bu easily won in the Chinese junior championship and went on to achieve success in the international arena: he won 3rd place in the U12 World Youth Championship in 1997 and 1st place in the U14 World Youth Championship in 1998. -
Chess-Training-Guide.Pdf
Q Chess Training Guide K for Teachers and Parents Created by Grandmaster Susan Polgar U.S. Chess Hall of Fame Inductee President and Founder of the Susan Polgar Foundation Director of SPICE (Susan Polgar Institute for Chess Excellence) at Webster University FIDE Senior Chess Trainer 2006 Women’s World Chess Cup Champion Winner of 4 Women’s World Chess Championships The only World Champion in history to win the Triple-Crown (Blitz, Rapid and Classical) 12 Olympic Medals (5 Gold, 4 Silver, 3 Bronze) 3-time US Open Blitz Champion #1 ranked woman player in the United States Ranked #1 in the world at age 15 and in the top 3 for about 25 consecutive years 1st woman in history to qualify for the Men’s World Championship 1st woman in history to earn the Grandmaster title 1st woman in history to coach a Men's Division I team to 7 consecutive Final Four Championships 1st woman in history to coach the #1 ranked Men's Division I team in the nation pnlrqk KQRLNP Get Smart! Play Chess! www.ChessDailyNews.com www.twitter.com/SusanPolgar www.facebook.com/SusanPolgarChess www.instagram.com/SusanPolgarChess www.SusanPolgar.com www.SusanPolgarFoundation.org SPF Chess Training Program for Teachers © Page 1 7/2/2019 Lesson 1 Lesson goals: Excite kids about the fun game of chess Relate the cool history of chess Incorporate chess with education: Learning about India and Persia Incorporate chess with education: Learning about the chess board and its coordinates Who invented chess and why? Talk about India / Persia – connects to Geography Tell the story of “seed”.