Volume 20 November, 1940 Number 2 Page

November, 1940 Houston PORT BOOK 21

following, which gives evidence of the rapid growth of wholesale not depend on the prosperity or depression of any single industry. trade at Houston. That their efforts to secure integration in Houston’s economic setup have borne fruit is evidenced by the following table which 1930 1935 records successive gains in all types of businesses during the last (Census) (Census) 1939t seven years. Number of of Establishments 326 576 850 New Businesses in Houston Number of Employees 5,416" 7,259 12,750 Salaries and Wages $ 9,823,347 $ 11,823,000 $ 21,955,550 1933 Net Sales $364,899,648 $331,180,000 $421,029,000 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 Total t Note: 1939 estimated. * Proprietors excluded. Manufacturing 34 42 34 58 37 61 43 309 Merchandising 214 165 179 141 182 237 251 1,369 Financial 32 19 33 21 15 23 29 172 Manufacturing at Houston Real Estate 23 21 22 31 37 41 32 207 Petroleum 174 136 182 116 98 97 69 872 Houston’s substantial progress is reflected also in the steady Miscl. (includes pro- gains made in manufactures. Primarily a community that de- fessionals) 244 209 136 145 177 193 232 1,336 pended on agricultural pursuits in its early history, Houston has TOTALS 721 592 586 512 546 652 656 4,265 become the outstanding manufacturing center in the Southwest. Source: Magazine Houston. Excellent distribution facilities, abundant natural resources and an energetic, forward looking citizenry presage the continued Statistical Growth of Houston Since 1925 phenomenal industrial development at Houston. The accompanying table presents the progress in manufacturing at Houston. The following table gives a complete statistical picture of Houston as a whole and shows its gains in five-year periods from 1900 1910 1920 1930 1937 1940" 1925 to date: No. of Estab- lishments 145 249 383 429 457 611 1925 1930 1935 1939 Wage Earners 3,188 5,338 9,860 16,264 17,086 29,101 Wages $1,656,000 $ 3,260,000 $10,402,000 $ 20,301,484 $ 20,274,350 $ 25,095,430 Real Estate Transfers $ 43,580,184 Volume of $ 44,139,444 $ 27,818,521 $ 32,034,867 Building Permits $ 35,040,550 $ 17,616,202 $ 6,961,396 $ 26,737,228 Products 7,491,971 23,015,556 86,874,000 145,049,659 146,145,451 214,676,000 Assessed Valuations $ 215,350,200 $ 334,013,180 $ 282,338,890 Bank Clearings $ 337,637,880 *Estimated. $1,730.223,471 $1,676.258,764 $1,420,404,459 $2,386,748,464 Retail Trade $ 163,441,665 $ 184,679,849" $ 123,715,000 $ 145,995,000 WhoLesale Trade $ 460,123,169 $ 519,913,186" $ 331,180,000 $ 421,029,000 Port of Houston Manufactured Products $ 104,776,719t $ 145,049,659" $ 183,287,6185 $ 146,145,451 PostaL Receipts $ 1,686,028 $ 2,301,560 $ 2,240,360 $ 2,990,715 During the last decade the activities of the Port of Houston Population 252,976 292,352 351,954 386,150 Carloadings 214,810 209,683 156,591 254,361 have expanded in a spectacular way until this gateway is now the Automobile Registrations* 56,362 96,134 112,773 143,973 Telephone Connections 48,011 69,157 71,836 105,004 second largest seaport in the entire United States in point of total Electric Connections 55,246 81,952 96,290 119,791 deepsea tonnage handled. The table attached on Port Houston for Water Connections 28,056 46,683 53,806 65,044 Gas Connections 30,457 71,587 75,604 79,000 the calendar years 1919 through 1939 clearly pictures the re- Legend: "1929 figures given. ~Harris County figures. $Includes Incorporated In- markable growth of Houston as a world recognized port. dustrial Area. "Firsts" Natural Resources The foregoing statistical evidence demonstrates the fact that Abundant natural resources at hand secure for Houston a Houston has earned it’s title as one of America’s fastest growing prominent place in the national economy. Oil, salt, sulphur, nat- cities. As a consequence of advancement on all economic fronts, ural gas, fertile soil are all essentials in the current national de- Houston has achieved leadership over all other Texas cities, and fense program. In the petroleum industry Houston leads all today proudly claims the following "firsts." America. It is the headquarters for six companies operating inter- nationally; while 1,205 oil companies have offices here. In the Houston ranked first in Texas during 1939 in: Houston area are 14 refineries with daily storage capacity of over Population--386,150. 11,000,000 gallons. Houston oil company assets exceed $1,000,- Dwelling Units--105,000. 000,000, having annual payrolls of over $50,000,000. Houston Building Permits--S26,737,228. leads the world in the manufacture and distribution of oil industry equipment, having over 300 manufacturers and distributors. Bank Deposits--$ 309,238,228.19. New Car Registrations--19,145. Several commercial salt mines are located near Houston, Automobile Registrations--143,973. among them being Jefferson Island Salt Company which produces from a mine located approximately 50 miles from the city. Value of Manufactured Products--$146,145,451 :: The States of Texas and Louisiana produce 99%of the nation’s Electric Meters--119,791. supply of sulphur; while within the Houston area alone approxi- Electrical Appliances-- (Refrigerators--11,255 ; Washing Ma- mately 86% of the nation’s sulphur is mined. chines-5,213 ). Houston has an unlimited supply of natural gas at low cost Gas Meters--110,788. for domestic and industrial use brought to the city through five Telephone Connections--105 ,001. major trunk lines from widely separated gas fields. Corporate Area--73 square miles in taxable corporate limits; and an additional 38 square miles is incorporated in the industrial Building Growth area along the Ship Channel to which the City renders city police and fire protection. Total area 111 sq. mi. Houston ranks first in the State of Texas in value of building School enrollment--72,680. permits for the year 1939, and also holds the position of eighth tlncome Tax Returns--1934 reports--19,484. in the nation in dollar volum~ of building. The attached table Newspaper Circulation--258,132 (largest combined daily furnishes a statistical summary of the city’s remarkable, almost newspaper circulation). phenomenal, building growth. ~Gainfully Employed--137,400. Note: *Estimated. New Businesses t1934 Report from Bureau of Internal Revenue, latest For a number of years Houston business leaders have given available figures. much thought to the problem of diversification in industry. They ~1930 figures, latest available figures from Census Bu- earnestly worked toward the end that Houston business should reau, 22 H 0 U S 10 1~ P o R T B O O K November, 1940 A Directory of the Houston Chamber of Commerce

Many persons and firms located far from Houston desire MEMBERSHIP DEPARTMENT service and information with reference to their various interests, L. GOLDSTON, Manager for which the Houston Chamber of Commerce is always glad to MORRISH. TRIFON, Assistant be called upon. Establishes friendly contacts between members, prospective Following is the Executive Committee: members, new citizens and visitors through confidence in the WRIGHTMORROW ...... PresideNt Chamber of Commerce. H. 0. CLARKE...... Vice-President J. SAYLES LEACH...... Vice-President RESEARCH AND STATISTICS J. M. LYKES ...... Vice-President RALEIGH HORTENSTINE...... Secretary of the Board J. V. McGoODWIN,Acting Manager J. VIRGIL SCOTT ...... Treasurer Maintains a file of approximately 1,500 items on subjects of L. S. ADAMS...... Member-at-Large informational value with-reference to Houston, its trade territory W. N. BLANTON..... Vice-President and General Manager and Texas. This information is available to anyone anywhere. The service rendered by the Chamber of Commerce is divided into several departments, of which the following is an outline, and MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALERS they at all times welcome inquiries from those desiring their HAROLDE. NELSON, Manager assistance : Contacts Houston trade territory and assists jobbers and manu- EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT facturers to develop new business. W. U. BLANTON,Vice President and General Manager T. W. ARCHER, Office Manager AGRICULTURAL W. O. Cox, Manager TRANSPORTATION Agricultural conditions in Harris County and adjoining coun- C. E. HOLLOMAN,Manager ties. Specific information to individuals on farming problems. Boys’ E. E. DULLAHAN,Assistant and girls’ rural club work. Information from specialists employed in the department of livestock and dairying, home demonstration and Rate quotations. Readjustments of rate situations. Publication field crop subjects. County agent work. Information available of rate changes. Preparation of statistical information in defense through direct contact with the Extension Service of the State of rate adjustments. Analysis of transportation problems. Dissemi- Agricultural and Mechanical College. nation of information on the car situation and any other transpor- tational subjects of interest to shippers. HIGHWAY GLEN n. BLACKBURN, Manager INDUSTRIAL AND AVIATION MAJOR ROLANDA. LAIRD, Manager Provides comprehensive service for motorists and tourists and assists in the planning of new or improved highway construction. Industrial Assists in planning new highways that directly or indirectly benefit Sites. Warehouses. Retail locations. Labor situation. Statistical Houston. information on industrial subjects. Business conditions (city and PUBLICITY state). Present and future industrial possibilities. J. T. MCCULLY, Manager Aviation MALCOLMYATES, Assistant Stimulates the establishment of new airmail and passenger National and local distribution of civic advertising, including services at Houston; inaugurates statewide movements for the bet- news publicity on Houston development. Pictures and cuts of terment of commercial flying in Texas and fosters the improvement Houston’s commercial and civic life for the use of visitors and for of airports in Houston and generally throughout Texas. loan to interested individuals. General information regarding the city. Direct contact with local newspapers which makes available assistance for those desiring that character of publicity service. FOREIGN TRADE Advice and counsel in the preparation of publicity matter which has T. L. EVANS, Manager a bearing on Houston publicity. File of newspaper clippings on Foreign trade problems. Information on Houston. Trade pos- stories of interest. sibilities, with special reference to Mexico, Central and South America and the West Indies. Spanish translations. Information on CONVENTION AND TOURIST BUREAU customs regulations, tariffs, etc. Domestic trade. Local conditions of trade with special reference to wholesalers and jobbers. Classified W. A. SIEFERTH, Manager list of Houston concerns. Present and future possibilities of specific ELTON V. AMBURN, Assistant trade propositions. Port activities and improvements. Promotes the holding of conventions at Houston; arranges for conventions and other conferences and stimulates the holding of PUBLIC RELATIONS AND SAFETY sales conferences at Houston. COL. NORMANH. BEARD, Manager HOUSTON MAGAZINE Public Relations C. E. GILBERT, JR., Editor and Manager Deals with a variety of Chamber of Commerce activities which IRVIN H. BRACKMAN,Assistant do not center in any division under the direction of a department J. M. HEWETT,Assistant head, including inter-organization activities. Participates in the wel- coming and entertaining of distinguished visitors and arranges A monthly business journal, combined with the Port Register. details for a variety of meetings and conferences held by local agencies. JUNIOR CHAMBER OF COMMERCE Safety NORMANH. BEARD, Managing Director BAKERW. ARMSTRONG,Executive Secretary Advocates and promotes the observance of approved safety measures both with reference to the individual and to group em- An organization of young business men of Houston but a ployes. The department regularly carries a message of safety distinct division of the Chamber of Commerce operating under the through every publicity medium and interests itself in the adoption latter’s supervision. Promotes the general ciwc welfare of Houston of legislation to enforce worthwhile safety methods. through a great variety of activities. November, 1940 Houston PORT BOOK 23

PORT NOTES

New U. S. Customs Appraisals Stores ¯ ¯ ¯ The new U. S. Customs Appraisals Stores and Waterfront office is rapidly nearing completion and will be placed in service early in January. Originally designed as a two-story and basement building, the demand for space made it necessary to provide a third flcor, and from present indications, this will soon prove inadequate.

U. S. Customs Appraisal Steres Building nearing completion.

Survey of the South ¯ ¯ ¯ The Manufacturers Record of September, 1940, a most comprehensive volume of 250 pages, is devoted to a careful survey of "The South’s Resources" in which every state south of the Mason and Dixon Line has its natural resources and advantages clearly set forth. On the state map each county is numbered (254 in Texas) and the predominant products listed so that at a glance one can see where oil is produced, the cotton areas, rice growing sections, TOP LEFT: On the NavigaCng Bridge is Capt. T. R. E. Brown, Master of the and where minerals may be found from coal to ,~old. S. S. Seminole, Clyde-Mallory Line, Houston-New York passenger service. TOP RIGHT: "Seagoing Co~boy" Capt. P. G. Gerhard, Master of the S. S. To anyone interested in securing raw materials, manufac- Algonquin, Clyde-Mallory Line, presented with t0-gallon hat on arrival at turing, industrial expansion, or a market for his goods in a rapidly H~,uston. BOTTOM: New passenger-freight service Heuston to New York, Clyde~Mallory growing section, this edition of the Manufacturers Record is a Lin~ Steamer "Algonquin" arriving at Houston on first trip. veritable encyclopedia of facts. Houston-New York Passenger Service ¯ ¯ ¯ Toluol Plant ¯ ¯ ¯ On May 29, 1940, the Clyde-Mallory Steamship Line started The War Department has just authorized the Humble Oil & their new passenger-freight service between Houston and New York Refining Company to proceed with the construction of a huge with the Steamer Algonquin, a fine vessel of 5945 tons. toluol plant adjacent to the company’s Baytown refinery on the The inauguration of this service, with passenger sailings each Ship Channel. Wednesday afternoon during summer months by Steamers Algon- This new plant will use by-products of the refining industry, quin and Seminole and fortnightly service from November to May, and the toluol will be used by the War Department in the manu- affords a luxurious sea trip to the northeast with a day’s stopover facture of explosives. Plans so far approved call for an expcndi- at Miami, where connections can be made for trip to Havana, Cuba. ture of about $12,000,000, and will furnish employment for sev- Strictly fast freight service sailing each week is carried on eral hundred men. with the Brazos, Medina and Henry R. Mallory which gives Hous- The Shell Petroleum Corporation is also manufacturing a simi- ton express service to the northern markets. lar product under the name of "Toluene" at their Deer Park refinery, which will also be used by the War Department. More and more oil and its products are found to be valuable New Industrial Development ¯ ¯ ¯ to our industrial and commercial life, and to occupy a very vital The Missouri Bridge and Iron Company of St. Louis has ac- place in warfare. quired a site of 19 acres on Public Belt Railroad just below Pasa- November, 1940 24 Houston PORT BOOK

care of the great influx of visitors this year. And with true Bra- zilian hospitality, many North Americans have been entertained in Brazilian homes...... "With the promise of such important conventions as Inter-

!iiii! i! national Rotary (whose new president is a Brazilian), the next Pan-American Conference, and other important groups, it is an- ticipated that Rio will become the Convention City of South America. "The American Annex, plans for which are now being drawn up by Maurice Fatio, noted New York architect, will have twelve stories and about 220 rooms, making a total of 470 rooms in the complete hotel. And in order to offer to North Americans the same luxurious surroundings and comforts as their own fine hotels, part of the equipment will be purchased in the United States. The utmost in modern equipment will be used throughout. "Ballrooms, banquet hall and a roof garden and supper club-- the first of its kind in Brazil--are planned for the American clientele. Cuisine and entertainment will also cater to this clientele. And among new innovations will be the American ’Bridal Suite,’ as Rio is becoming known as the ’Honeymoon City’ of South America. "Extensive improvements are now being made to the present Copacabana Palace, including a new Terrace Bar and Care, to open soon. Smart shops have been added to the front; and a new casino will be built, as the great dining-hall must be extended back to take care of many new guests. "All plans for the American Annex are in line with the desire of the Guinle interests to create a hotel center attractive to North Americans, and one which will do justice to the great beauty and climatic advantages of Rio, it is said."

Eastern States Petroleum Construct New Oil Terminal ¯ ¯ ¯ The Eastern States Petroleum Company have just completed the construction of a new oil terminal on a 20-acre tract on south side of channel just upstream from Manchester Terminal Cor- poration wharves. A creosoted pile wharf with supplemental pile clusters has been built on channel, and several large steel tanks TOP: New plant of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company. CENTER: General Metals Corporation. BOTTOM: B. A. Riesner Steel Plant on Clinton Drive. have been placed on the 20-acre tract. This company handles a large amount of Mexican crude oil which is refined and products shipped out to various foreign and dena and are planning to erect a plant to fabricate and assemble domestic points. steel products for distribution m this Southwest territory. The Republic Steel Corporation has acquired a site on the upper channel of Buffalo Bayou in the Esperson Industrial Addition on which to construct a large warehouse and storage yard for structural steel and shapes. Barges will be able to load at Ohio River points, and, after traversing the Mississippi River and Intra- coastal Canal, discharge their cargo into the Republic’s local sheds. Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company has about completed construction of a new paint plant in northeast section of the City. This will be distribution headquarters for the Southwest of this firm’s various products.

"Going Down to Rio"? ¯ ¯ ¯ That the principal cities of South America are preparing for a greatly increased commercial and tourist traffic from North America is indicated by the following announcement from Rio de Janeiro regarding the expansion of hotel and convention facilities: Eastern States Petroleum Company’s new oii terminal at Manchester. "Rio de Janeiro:--An ’American Annex,’ costing between $750,000 and $1,000,000, will be added to Hotel Copacabana Palace, it has been announced by Dr. Octavio Guinle, president Channel Improvements ¯ ¯ ¯ of Companhia Hoteis Palace, owners of the three large hotels in Rio. Under the leadership of President Getulio Vargas, and his The work of widening and deepening of the ship channel is Departmento de Turismo, headed by Dr. Lourival Fontes, the trav- rapidly nearing completion, there remaining only 2 ½ miles below elers from North America are receiving a very cordial welcome in the turning basin. Bids will be received by U. S. Engineers on No- Brazil. The three large hotels have been entirely inadequate to take vember 20 to complete to depth of 36-37 feet and least width of November, 1940 Houston PORT BOOK 25

200 feet on bottom. This section from Manchester to basin should Government in its South American trade, and negotiations are now be finished early in the new year. under way to construct several more ships of same size. The Standard Dredging Company was low bidder, November With ideal sites available on the ship channel, an ample supply 12, on redredging channel to project depth of 36-37 feet between of skilled labor, a climate in which work can be carried on all the Morgan Point and Baytown, this section having shoaled slightly year ’round, and transportation facilities by barge, rail and high- on edges of channel. This maintenance work will require about way to the steel producing centers on the Ohio River and Birming- three months to complete. ham districts, Houston has much to offer the ship building industry.

B-R-I’s new train, the "Texas Zephyr."

HOUSTON AGAIN LEADS STATE IN BUILDING

Building Permits for Period January 1 to November 9, 1940, Inclusive HOUSTON...... $20,343,325 Dallas ...... 9,397,569 Corpus Christi ...... 7,653,235 San Antonio ...... 7,014,722 Austin ...... 6,023,782 Fort Worth ...... 4,297,545 Galveston ...... 1,824,490 Wichita Falls ...... 1,237,396 Port Arthur ...... 1,027,203 Tyler ...... 932,262 Midland ...... 753,555 Pampa ...... 674,125

BUILDING PERMITS

HOUSTON, TEXAS--(1913-1939)

Compiled by Research and Statistics Department, Houston Chamber of Commerce

1913 $ 4,965,635 1926 $28,512,805 1914 3,250,739 1927 27,326,475 1915 1,797,094 1928 35,319,503 1916 3,08,6,870 TOP: Placing Diesel Engine in Portuguese Tanker. CENTER: Tanker built 1929 29,526,810 at Houston for Portuguese Government. BOTTOM: Port Houston Iron Works 1917 3,124,327 1930 17,616,202 on the Turning Basin. 1918 2,270,649 1931 11,701,491 1919 6,861,619 1932 2,873,130 Ship Building at Houston ~ ¯ ¯ 1920 8,531,447 1933 3,224,449 1921 10,398,295 1934 4,812,565 Houston is now coming to the front as a ship building center 1922 13,390,469 1935 6,961,396 and is attracting national attention to its possibilities along that 1923 19,117,106 193,6 18,493,379 line. The Platzer Boat Works has just launched a small 14,000- 1924 17,216,259 1937 18,606,763 barrel oil tanker, 212 feet long, 36 feet beam, all welded hull. Two 1925 35,040,550 1938 25,052,323 400-horsepower Diesel engines are being installed. 1939 26,737,228 It is understood that this vessel will be used by the Portuguese Source: U. S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, November, 1940 26 H O U $ t O I:/ P o R T B 0 0 K

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PORT OF HOUr;TON INDUSTRIAL DI:BTRICT. -- ISSUED BY THE " PORT COMMISSION ~-]OU3TON, I ~40.

,,.~CALE IN ]~hLE~ -- I E ~ 4 ,5 ~1+:1,1 28 H o u s t o n P o R T B o o K November, 1940 COMPARATIVE STANDING OF TEXAS PORTS CALENDAR YEAR 1939 AND FIRST SIX MONTHS 1939 AND 1940 From Report U. S. Engineer Department (Short Tons)

FOREIGN IMPORTS EXPORTS Year First Six Months Year First Six Months Port 1939 1939 1940 1939 1939 1940 Houston...... 832,204 324,916 594,888 6,709,062 3,685,421 1,693,054 Beaumont...... 29,835 14,850 52,219 1,616,232 856,748 577,119 PortArthur ...... 2,409 1,329 34,369 3,429,305 1,784,628 1,280,744 TexasCity ...... 79,119 50,370 43,209 1,308,152 755,531 432,758 CorpusChristi ...... 23,847 12,487 18,461 3,666,189 1,928,148 1,158,800 PortAransas ...... 134,796 61,467 53,558 Galveston...... 151,280 84,085 97,333 1,436,525 753,737 578,003 InglesideTerminal ...... 3,392 1,049 SabinePass ...... 793 793 PortIsabel ...... 8,564 8,564 Brownsville...... 5,548 4,075 20,986 2,620 2,234 Orange...... 10,724 2,883 12,641 13,145 5,674 4,232 Freeport...... 149,595 92,473 15,942 TOTAL...... 1,134,966 494,995 853,120 18,496,736 9,936,853 5,796,444 DOMESTIC COASTWISE INTERNAL AND INTRAPORT Year First Six Months Year First Six Months Port 1939 1939 1940 1939 1939 1940 Houston...... 16,882,268 8,035,692 10,112,393 1,341,141 598,880 618,943 Beaumont...... 16,716,277 8,289,666 8,424,742 1,700,619 872,560 747,633 PortArthur ...... 15,237,735 7,244,285 7,703,468 832,626 328,532 527,795 TexasCity ...... 8,528,866 4,066,499 4,283,311 2,804,106 1,336,818 1,787,466 CorpusChristi ...... 4,355,495 2,096,804 2,537,329 152,097 65,600 65,953 PortAransas ...... 6,290,965 3,210,149 3,154,233 3,949 1,712 888 Galveston...... 2,104,782 964,675 1,124,843 510,713 227,100 260,643 InglesideTerminal ...... 1,077,417 555,608 451,865 ...... SabinePass ...... 422,687 202,199 234,651 250,832 99,852 115,247 PortIsabel ...... 389,210 186,301 147,081...... Brownsville...... 113,642 75,825 65,962 ...... Orange...... 8,742 4,606 5,545 26,333 11,282 13,441 Freeport...... 15,489 5,054 ...... 4,631 TOTAL...... 72,143,575 34,937,363 38,245,423 7,622,416 3,542,336 4,142,640 DOMESTIC LOCAL GRAND TOTAL Year First Six Months Year First Six Months Port 1939 1939 1940 1939 1939 1940 Houston...... 2,410,035 1,087,439 1,175,868 28,174,710 13,732,348 14,195,146 Beaumont...... 44,068 24,325 23,842 20,107,031 10,05~,149 9,825,555 PortArthur ...... 8,897 3,236 5,112 19,510,962 9,362,010 9,551,488 TexasCity ...... 22,249 18,538 16,292 12,742,492 6,227,756 "6,563,036 CorpusChristi ...... 74 74 409 8,197,702 4,103,113 3,780,952 PortAransas ...... 6,429,710 3,273,328 3,208,679 Galveston...... 258,791 166,649 65,855 4,462,091 2,196,246 2,126,677 InglesideTerminal ...... 1,080,809 556,657 451,865 SabinePass ...... 674,312 302,844 349,898 PortIsabel ...... 8,885 2,611 4,993 406,659 197,476 152,074 Brownsville...... 140,176 82,520 68,196 Orange...... 8,641 1,426 1,611 67,585 25,871 37,470 Freeport...... 165,084 97,527 20,573 TOTAL...... 2,761,630 1,304,298 1,293,982 102,159,323 50,215,845 50,331,609 *Includes 35,749 tons ocean car ferry traffic.

SOUTHERNTUG & BARGECOMPANY OFFICES: P. O. Box 533 CAPTAINW. O. KOHLMEISTER,President 817 Chartres Str. CORPUS CHRISTI Phone, Magnolia 1706 ~, GENERALMARINE TOWING CONTRACTORS TEXAS New Orleans, Louisiana ** NewCertified Gasoline Barges for Charter November, 1940 Houston PORT BOOK 29 Houston Ranks as a Major Port of the United States Comparative Statement o] Cargo Tonnage Handled at United States Ports by Calendar Years Short Tons Ports Over 3,000,000 Tons--1939 Compiled from U. S. Engineers’ Reports by the Port Commissionof Houston, Texas

SEACOAST PORTS

Port 1939 1938 1937 1936 Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage NewYork Harbor (net) ...... 1 123,191,889 1 111,479,222 1 121,517,420 Philadelphia,Pa...... 1 110,697,688 2 35,342,208 2 32,265,869 2 36,872,018 2 34,171,041 Houston,Texas ...... 3 28,174,710 3 26,737,394 4 26,855,739 3 Baltimore,Md...... 23,809,415 4 23,609,912 4 20,451,730 3 28,675,725 4 21,886,711 Norfolk,Va...... 5 20,118,952 9 16,824,002 8 19,285,403 9 Beaumont,Texas ...... 16,583,635 6 20,107,031 7 18,313,523 6 20,467,642 5 18,071,751 LosAngeles, Cal ...... 7 20,000,981 6 18,465,219 5 21,145,075 PortArthur, Texas ...... 7 17,728,494 8 19,510,962 5 19,286,486 7 20,084,641 6 17,968,756 Boston,Mass ...... 9 17,842,212 10 15,881,487 9 18,390,390 NewOrleans, La ...... 8 17,214,140 10 16,304,530 8 17,224,526 10 17,173,058 10 14,331,737 TexasCity, Texas ...... 11 12,742,492 11 11,036,999 11 9,444,100 CorpusChristi, Texas ...... 16 5,664,767 12 9,278,511 13 8,198,492 21 5,923,002 31 2,824,621 Portland,Ore ...... 13 9,267,630 15 7,257,433 14 7,666,911 12 RichmondHarbor, Cal ...... 7,994,225 14 9,162,388 12 9,796,126 13 9,090,08.2 13 7,656,794 BatonRouge, La...... 15 7,897,907 16 7,091,647 17 6,540,227 NewportNews, Va ...... 20 5,091,705 16 7,642,784 14 7,259,017 12 9,414,591 11 Seattle,Wash ...... 9,433,900 17 6,976,491 18 6,347,600 15 7,642,900 14 PortAransas, Texas ...... 7,043,627 18 6,429,710 17 6,354,422 16 7,513,289 18 5,313,706 SanFrancisco, Cal ...... 19 6,354,705 19 6,164,801 20 6,050,231 15 Providence,R.I ...... 6,320,511 20 5,662,545 21 4,832,419 19 5,798,567 17 5,453,870 EsteroBay, Cal ...... 21 5,031,155 20 6,139,010 18 6,139,862 Mobile,Ala ...... 22 4,685,484 22 4,763,392 23 4,808,204 22 3,955,186 Albany,New York ...... 23 4,615,697 23 4,604,560 24 4,780,203 21 4,688,984 LakeCharles, La ...... 24 4,572,163 Galveston,Texas ...... 25 4,462,091 24 4,410,527 22 4,992,150 23 NewHaven, Conn ...... 3,614,626 26 4,051,589 29 2,997,652 27 3,751,123 26 3,474,317 [~ampa,Fla...... 27 3,957,927 25 3,744,499 26 3,844,969 CarquinezStrait, Cal...... 24 3,606,827 28 3,911,699 27 3,2.38,415 25 4,003,344 19 }~anPablo and MareIsland Strait, Cal ...... 5,131,078 29 3,864,285 28 3,020,657 33 2,917,465 32 2,653,750 Savannah,Ga...... 30 3,666,210 26 3,448,134 28 3,611,465 27 Everett,Wash ...... 3,257,054 31 3,586,860 33 2,763,656 29 3,486,380 30 Jacksonville,Fla...... 2,920,949 32 3,313,328 30 2,878,951 30 3,468,972 25 3,511,850 OaklandHarbor, Cal ...... 33 3,133,138 31 2,832,406 31 3,442,522 28 Portland,Maine ...... 3,203,597 34 3,120,909 32 2,819,218 32 3,254,472 29 3,041,474 El Segundo,Santa Monica Bay, Cal ...... 35 3,070,832 35 2,043,315 34 2,833,355 LongBeach, Cal ...... 36 3,067,818 34 2,324,8,17 35 2,482,529 33 2,4.06,671

GREAT LAKES PORTS

Port 1939 1938 1937 1936 Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage Rank Tonnage Duluth-Superior...... 1 38,048,406 1 23,060,630 1 57,138,579 Toledo,Ohio ...... 1 44,536,538 2 23,638,822 2 19,503,505 2 25,465,642 2 24,800,959 Buffalo,N. Y.* ...... 3 19,519,111 3 13,515,290 3 21,017,657 Chicago,Ill ...... 3 19,959,030 4 16,751,760 4 13,356,124 4 18,612,301 5 14,8.16,023 Detroit,Mich...... 5 16,019,806 5 12,021,770 6 14,919,486 Cleveland,Ohio ...... 6 13,701,374 6 14,156,078 7 7,121,193 5 17,385 842 4 15,927,931 IndianaHarbor, Ind ...... 7 10,012,158 8 5,988,517 12 7,93~ 660 AgateBay, Minn ...... 11 7,092,323 8 9,730,438 13 4,296,322 9 11,118 361 13 6,297,279 Ashtabula,Ohio ...... 9 9,645,333 11 5,395,968 8 12,393,058 Conneaut,Ohio ...... 9 9,553,689 10 9,487,249 12 5,005,814 7 14,236 267 7 10,151,175 Sandusky,Ohio ...... 11 8,802,052 6 7,906,609 11 RougeRiver, Michl...... 8,102.772 8 9,743,911 t 12 %026,265 10 5,460,4.14 14 7,137 072 14 5,980,213 Gary,Ind ...... 13 6,633,792 18 3,050,764 10 8,212 040 Ashland,Wis...... 10 8,446,729 14 6,404,372 17 3,070,796 15 7,006 915 15 5,724,352 Milwaukee,Wis...... 15 6,329,802 9 5,849,466 17 6,617 802 12 6,951,964 Lorain,Ohio ...... 16 6,173,847 15 3,463,441 16 6,702 854 Calcite,Mich ...... 18 5,040,555 17 6,072,681 16 3,329,561 13 7,401 210 16 5,588,626 Erie,Pa ...... 18 5,071,915 14 3,831,847 18 PresqueIsle, Mich ...... 6,537 160 17 5,275,448 19 4,215,128 20 1,283,083 19 4,674 744 19 Escanaba,Mich ...... 20 3,716,653 3,052,524 19 1,364,201 20 3,799 762 20 2,953,030 *Includes canal traffic. tlneluded in Detroit tonnage. 30 Houston PORT BOOK November, 1940

Houston’s Relationship to the Cities of the Great Southwest

THE CITY OF MARSHALL "City of Industry"

The sixteenth o/ a series oj articles showing Houston’s relationship to other cities oj the Great Southwest. Some other city will be covered in the next issue oj the Houston Port Book.

TRATEGICALLYlocated between the huge East Texas, Rodessa iron ore. There is a plentiful supply of water for industrial pur- S and Marion County oil fields, Marshall is the home of ten poses from deep wells. other major industries and has gained State-wide recognition This city is favorably located from a transportation stand- as an industrial center, with a payroll that exceeds any other city point. There are nineteen passenger trains daily and more than in Texas under 100,000 population. twice that number of freight trains. Five motor bus lines serve A Chamber of Commerce survey shows that the annual in- the city. There is a modern municipal airport of 227 acres with dustrial payroll to 4,841 employees in this city totals $5,416,343. adequate hangar accommodations. Manufactured products from plants located in the city and nearby The assessed valuation, based on 50 per cent, totals $9,243,000. in Harrison County have an estimated annual value of $10,788,000. Most important among industries is the processing of lumber with a yearly payroll of close to $2,400,000. The second largest industry is the shops of the Texas & Pacific Railway Companywhere 1,500 employees receive salaries totaling each year $1,928,833. Another important Marshall industry is the Texas Milk Products Company, organized more than a decade ago with Texas capital. This company has expanded until it now has five subsidiary plants in the East Texas area. This organization under the trade name of Bab- blin’ Brook butter, ice cream and milk has a wide distribution throughout the State. Of importance are the plants of the Marshall Manufacturing Company, Marshall Mill and Elevator Company, Marshall Brick Company, Marshall Car Wheel and Foundry Com- pany, Marshall Compress, Darco Corporation and Marshall Cotton Oil Mill. Amongthe principal products manufactured in this city are activated carbon, locomotive car wheels, brick and tile, fruit and vegetable baskets, lumber mill products, powdered milk, ice cream, fertilizer, cotton seed products, pottery, candy, caskets, furniture, Research Committee of Houston Chamber of Commerce inspecting Houston’s mattresses, soil pipe, children’s wear, mayonnaise and meat products. Port Facilities. Of particular importance to the industrial growth of Marshall has been the Texas & Pacific Shops. Established when this railroad was building its lines across an uncharted area throughout the State, it has grown to proportions that now make it outstanding in the industrial life of East Texas. From a financial standpoint Marshall is in an enviable position with three substantial banks whose combined deposits amount to more than $6,193,950 and whose resources amount to approximately $7,251,644. As an indication of the industrial progress of this city, building permits at the close of business in 1939 amounted to $331,198; the postal receipts, $72,527. The Major portion of this revenue was derived from the twenty-nine manufacturing plants, eighteen lumber mills, twenty-eight wholesale firms and 289 retail establishments. Marshall is rich in natural resources with an unlimited supply of natural gas for fuel, timber, lignite, pottery clay, building sand, pulp wood, basket and crate timber, building clay, glass sand and Houston Chamber of Commerce Clerical Staff on Channel inspection trlp~ November, 1940 Houslon PORT BOOK 31 Harris County Flood Control

"~’~j LOOD CONTROL of Buffalo Bayou and its tributaries in Harris carry only the amount that can be retained within the banks and i1"t County is soon to become a reality. After months of careful that will not endanger navigation. "=-study by U. S. Army and local engineers, suitable plans were As a further relief measure and to insure safety in case of made and agreed upon, reports made to Congress through the Chief "super-floods," a South Canal is contemplated leading from the of Engineers and project finally approved. detention dam on Buffalo Bayou southeastwardly to Galveston Bay. These plans provide for both a retention system and diversion This work will be carried on by the United States Army Engi- of flood waters. An impounding reservoir is to be built on the upper neers, largely by contract, after detailed surveys have been made reaches of Buffalo Bayou about 15 miles west of the City, and and specifications drawn for each section. Bids will be called for waters released in such volume as can safely be passed through the through advertisement and contracts awarded by the Chief of natural channel to Galveston Bay. Engineers. The preliminary surveys and reports estimate the entire project Diversion canals are to be provided as follows: will cost approximately $32,000,000, to be financed jointly by the North Canal to divert the flood waters of White Oak Bayou United States Government and Harris County. The initial allot- from a point north of the Burlington-Rock Island Railroad east- ment of funds to prepare final plans and start part of the work ward to Halls and Greens Bayous, thence an extension to San Ja- has just been made through sale of $3,500,000 in Harris County cinto River, entering this stream about two miles above the South- Flood Control Bonds. ern Pacific Railroad bridge. This canal will carry around the City Hearty cooperation has also been extended to the County by and upper section of the Ship Channel the greater part of flood the Works Progress Administration in assisting in the clearing of waters from the northwest section of the watershed. streams of trees and underbrush, the straightening of sharp bends, removal of obstructions, etc. Some rectification will be made in the stream of Buffalo Bayou It is expected that funds will be made available by Cengress to provide a quicker runoff of the rainfall in western part of the early next year to carry the entire project through to completion City and below the retention dam, allowing the natural waterway to within the next four or five years.

BUSINESS BAROMETER OF HOUSTON FOR THE YEAR 1939

Bunk Clearings Postal Receipts Building Permits Real Estate Customs Transfers Collections TOTAL...... $2,386,784,464 $2,990,714.79 $25,373,545 $32,034,867 $2,122,482.15

FOR THE FIRST TEN MONTHS OF 1940

Bank Clearings Postal Receipts Building Permits Real Estate Customs Transfers Collections January...... $217,942,952 $ 253 182.26 $3,665,705 $ 2,687,956 February...... $211,818.87 194,415,546 254 170.29 1,502,470 2,313,811 100,596.59 March...... 218,118,266 268 330.22 1,865,680 April...... 3,201,274 139,965.21 204,514,278 252 254.37 1,704,330 2,824,014 25.6,378.34 May...... 210,660,176 263 817.42 1,608,270 2,976,808 233,583.99 June...... 197,713,779 245 609.01 1,189,950 July...... 3,440,304 250,644.24 204,114,244 246 713.84 2,076,220 3,711,664 227,338.92 August...... 202,734,082 246360.62 2,900,135 3,975,555 September...... 247,809.40 207,136,339 245988.56 1,589,568 2,722,019 257,374.50 October...... 241,o95,589 280.048.20 1,912,352 2,528,030 393,677.43 TOTAL...... $2,098,445,251 $2,556,774.79 $20,014,680 $30,381,435 $2,319,187.49

Republic Steel Company breaking ground for new plant at Houston. Continental Oil Company officials inspect Houston Ship Channel. Left to Right: J. H. Lawson, Fort Worth; W. C. Rounds, C. M. Reed and Frank Bettis, Houston, and A. N. Cocks, Ponca City, Oklahoma. 32 Houston PORT BOOK November, 1940

Public Wharves

Covered Open Railroad Material Berthing Area Car Wharf Length Feet Area Shed Capacity Sq. Ft. Sq. Ft. Storage Wharf

No.1 ...... 823 2 Vessels 66,299 35,085 30 Creosoted Pile Concrete No. 2...... 522 1 Vessel 53,500 23,190 55 Concrete Wood No. 3...... 799 2 Vessels 35,930 46,031 60 Concrete Steel Concrete No. 4...... 777 2 Vessels 60,827 27,841 73 Concrete Open No. 5 ...... 80 1 Vessel ...... 3,680 .... Wood Nos.7 and8 ...... 800 2 Vessels 59,340 16,000 .... Wood Wood No.10 ...... 600 1 Vessel 72,700 28,338 61 Concrete Steel No.11 ...... 530 1 Vessel 66,660 29,160 65 Concrete Concrete No.12, Twostory ...... 530 1 Vessel 95,644 29,260 60 Concrete Concrete and Steel No.13, Two Story* ...... 460 1 Vessel 91,156 32,500 57 Concrete Concrete & Steel No.14 ...... 480 1 Vessel ...... 49,040 26 Concrete Grain Berth No.15 ...... 480 1 Vessel 65,640 21,830 48 Concrete (Also Grain Berth) Concrete ManchesterWharf (No. 75) ...... 500 1 Vessel 86,836 10,000 30 Concrete (Also Grain Berth) Steel None ChannelFuel Dock(No. 77) ...... 253 1 Vessel ...... 32,295 20 Wood Distribution Warehouse...... 201,203 ...... 82 Concrete CottonConcentration Shed ...... 277,163 ...... 150 Wood Totals...... 7,634 18 Vessels 1,232,898 384,250 817 *Equipped with 17,000 cu. ft. refrigerated space.

Private Wharves

Length Berthing Material of Wharf and Shed Wharf Owned By Capacity

Ralston Purina Co. (Using Armour Wharf) ArmourFertilizer Works ...... 150 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted timber fitted with hopper and conveyor for fertilizer, and pipe line for molasses. HoustonCompress Company ...... 3,426 Ft. 8 Vessels Concrete apron track: Cotton and general cargo. ShipChannel Compress Company ...... 800 Ft. 2 Vessels Concrete: Cotton. MagnoliaPetroleum Company ...... 150 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling and clusters; Oil wharf. Houston Milling Co. (American Maid Flour Mills) (UsingManchester Wharf) ...... 500 Ft. 1 Vessel Grain loading berth for elevator with four spouts. CarnegieSteel Co ...... 400 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling: Handling steel products. Southern Pacific Lines (MorganSteamship Line) ...... 1,250 Ft. (Slip) 3 Vessels Concrete: General cargo. EasternStates Petroleum Co ...... 500 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling and clusters; Oil wharf. ManchesterTerminal Corporation ...... 1,600 Ft. 4 Vessels Concrete: Cotton and general cargo. CoastalOil &Transport Co ...... 150 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling; Oil Wharf. GulfRefining Co...... 590 Ft. 1 Vessel Steel bulkhead, pile clusters; Oil wharf. SinclairRefining Company ...... 1,400 Ft. 3 Vessels Concrete and Creosoted piling: Oil pipe lines and case goods. General AmericanTank Storage &Ter. Co ...... 150 Ft. 1 Vessel Oil wharf: Creosoted piling. Barrelling at wharf. HoustonLighting & Power Co ...... 150 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling: Oil wharf. TheTexas Company ...... 1,400 Ft. 3 Vessels Steel bulkhead; Oil wharf. ChampionPaper & Fibre Co ...... 200 Ft. 1 Light draft vessel--Barges, etc., creosoted piling. Crown-CentralCorporation ...... 300 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling: Oil wharf. AmericanPetroleum Co...... 150 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling: Oil wharf. ShellPetroleum Corporation ...... 2,600 Ft. ( Slip 4 Vessels Creosoted piling: Oil wharf. GulfPipe Line Co ...... 200 Ft. 1 Vessel Creosoted piling: Oil wharf. HumbleOil & Refining Co ...... 1 A00Ft. 4 Vessels Concrete piling: Oil wharf. Totals...... 17,466 Ft. 43 Vessels

i November, 1940 Houston PORT BOOK 33 A Detailed Description of the Port

LoeAl|ion structed at Norsworthy and lower end of Brady Island. This project GKEATINLAND PORT, now third in the nation in total tonnage is now before Congress in pending River and Harbor Bill. A and second in seaborne commerce, Houston is located fifty The War Department has also recommended improvement of miles from the Gulf of Mexico, at a point where the great channel 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide around Brady Island at railway and highway lines radiate from a commoncenter to all parts Harrisburg. ~ ;’-i of the great Southwest. The exact location is latitude 29° 45p north Port Facilities and longitude 95° 17’ west, which, of course, means more to the The Public Terminals, owned by the City and Navigation Dis- mariner than the landsman. trict, are located at and near the head of deep sea navigation--the The Houston Ship Channel, extending from the Gulf to the Turning Basin being within the city limits and four and one-half City of Houston, uses the Galveston jetty entrance to Bolivar Roads, miles from the courthouse. thence across Galveston Bay and up the San Jacinto River and Buf- Private and industrial terminals and plants are located all along falo Bayou to the Public Terminals at the Turning Basin. the channel from basin to the bay, a distance of twenty-five miles. This inland channel is thus becoming a vast industrial and commer- Present Depth and Width cial district. The 1937-40 dredging program has resulted in deepening the These terminals provide berthing space for a total of sixty-one channel from Bolivar Roads to Manchester, a distance of 47 ½ miles, vessels, eighteen at public wharves and forty-three at private plants, to depth of 36-37 feet and width of 400 feet on the bottom across as shown in detailed statements on page 32. Galveston Bay, 300 feet to Baytown, 250 feet to Norsworthy, and 200 feet to Manchester. Industrial Development Contract to continue this depth another two miles to the The Houston Ship Channel industrial area extends from the Turning Basin, with a minimum width of 200 feet on bottom, is center of the City to Galveston Bay, a distance of over 30 miles, now under way. affording locations on deep water for those plants having a need for There is available depth of 32 feet over incomplete section of overseas transportation, and on light draft channels for barge service channel, and 34 feet over finished section. connecting with the Intracoastal Canal. The War Department has reviewed the Ship Channel project Some fifty or more plants have been established on the water- and recommended widths of 400 feet from Bolivar Roads to Bay- way, many covering several hundred acres, with their own shipside town, 350 feet to Shell Petroleum Refinery, 300 feet to Clinton and terminals, handling their products direct to and from ship. Houston, 250 feet thence to basin. Two auxiliary turning basins to be con- as the "Oil Capital of the World" and center of the huge industry,

HOUSTONFROM THE SKY--1940, Photo by Don-Cortis Co. 34 i~t o u s l o 11 P o R T B o O K November, 1940

has naturally developed very large oil refineries on the channel, and with its allied industries, pipe, supply and equipment distribution plants, the oil industry accounts for a lage percentage of the traffic and capital investment on the waterway. Other industries, such as cotton warehouses and terminals, portland cement mills, craft and paper pulp mills, chemical and fertilizer works, oyster shell grinding and lime plants, flour mill and export grain elevators, steel warehouses and pipe yards, warehouses, ship yards and general cargo terminals, also find desirable locations on deep water. Raw materials for many of the basic industries such as salt, River Terminals Corporation operates mod- sulphur, gypsum, fuller’s earth, carbon black, iron ore, petroleum ern all-steel cargo barges between Houston, coke, oil of various specific gravities, natural gas, cotton and cottonseed products, grain, rice and livestock, are found in abundance in New Orleans and intermediate points, provid- close proximity to deep water terminals. A dependable supply of ing low-cost transportation on insured bills of skilled and commonlabor is available at reasonable wages. lading. The climate is mild, with short winters marked by only an oc- casional freeze, and a summer with only a few days above ninety Connections are maintained at New Orleans degrees, cool gulf breezes prevailing most of the time. The annual for through all-water movements to and from rainfall is about 48 inches, fairly well distributed, and no "rainy seasons." Outdoor work can be carried on at all times. all Mississippi River, Ohio River and Intra- While the industrial development along the waterway has been coastal Waterwaypoints, handling freight in remarkable for the few years the channel has been open for naviga- less-than-carload, carload and barge load quan- tion, with over two hundred million invested in capital improvements, employing over twelve thousand men and an average daily tities. Steamer, motor truck and rail connec- payroll of over $60,000, there is still ample room for further develop- tions are also available at both Houston and ment, as only about 40 miles of channel frontage is in use, with 60 New Orleans. miles more ready for industrial development. These waterfront sites, privately owned, are for sale at varying prices, depending on loca- The Houston terminal of River Terminals tion, depth of tract, highway and railway facilities, etc. Corporation is located at Berth 6, Long Reach The waterfront industrial area is served by the Public Belt Rail- road, owned by the Navigation District and operated by the Port Shipside Terminal. The New Orleans terminal Terminal Railroad Association as a neutral switching organization is located at DumaineStreet Wharf, Sections for the benefit of all trunk lines centering at Houston. This belt line extends down each side of the channel for ten and twelve miles serv- 54-67. ing industrial plants and terminals. Spur tracks connect each plant with the public belt main line. Five trunk line systems serve the port, reaching out over a great RIVERTERMINALS CORPORATION hinterland area whose shortest haul is to the Port of Houston, thus Operating affording the lowest possible freight rates. LOUISIANA-TEXAS CANAL SERVICE These systems are the Southern Pacific, Missouri Pacific, Santa Fe, Missouri-Kansas-Texas, and the Burlington-Rock Island; each "Insured Water Transportatiou" system having several subsidiaries, or branch lines, that serve all parts NEW ORLEANS ItOUSTON of the Southwest. Highwaytransportation is available in all directions with many

MARITIME OIL COMPANY Post Omce Box 2646 HOUSTON, TEXAS Cable Address ROTHOIL

SHIPS BUNKERS Diesel Fuel Oil Bunker C Fuel Oil Dock or Barge Delivery

HOUSTON GALVESTON PORT ARTHUR NEW ORLEANS LAKE CHARLES TEXAS CITY CORPUS CHRISTI BEAUMONT November, 1940 H o u s l o n P 0 R T B 0 o K 3

well established truck lines affording over-night delivery to Central Texas cities. Air passenger and mail service centers at Houston, reaching out ’" Via LO N G REACH, to all inland points. Natural gas and oil pipe lines from the major Texas and Mid- Houston" Continent fields converge here at shipside and industrial terminals. Cheap fuel is thus assured for many years to come. High tension electric power lines extend down each side of the waterway. Public terminals at the head of deep sea navigation have been provided by the City of Houston and Navigation District, where the facilities are offered to all users on equal terms. There has been no effort made by the Port Authority to control or restrict private develpment, but rather to encourage it, with sufficient public terminals to insure fair charges and prevent any monopoly. These public facilities are described as follows:

Detailed Description of Public Wharves All the terminal facilities around the Turning Basin are under control of the Port Commission and consist of Wharves 1 to 5, 7 and 8, 10 to 15 comprising 7,634 lineal feet with berthing space for eighteen vessels. Wharf No. 1--This wharf is 819 feet in length, constructed of creosoted pile with wooden deck served by a concrete warehouse 100 by 425 feet in size, together with additional galvanized iron sheds containing a total of 85,336 square feet. This wharf is equipped with cottonseed cake grinding equipment on the east end. A pipe line for handling crude molasses is also provided on this wharf. Wharf No. 2--522 feet long, concrete construction, with transit shed 105 by 483 feet in size. This wharf is used for miscel- laneous cargo. Shed area 53,500 square feet. Wharves Nos. 1 and 2 are especially equipped with sloping ramps to provide for rapid handling of freight by truck and conveyor from side port vessels. Passenger accommodations have been provided with suitable waiting rooms, ticket offices and baggage rooms. These two berths are used by the Clyde-Mallory Steamship Line for their Houston-NewYork freight-passenger service. Wharf No. 3--799 feet long, concrete construction, for open storage and railroad connection. Two tracks reach the ship side. On the east end of this wharf there is a truck loading platform to serve upper end of Wharf No. 2. A steel iron clad transit shed has been Long Reach Shipside Terminal, with berthing space for eight steamers, provides all shippers with service and equipmentunexcelled in any port on the Gulf Coast. Locomotive cranes and other mechanical equipmentare available for use at very reasonable rates. Modernshipside warehouses with low insurance rates are available to those whodesire storage of their merchandise.

LONG REACH SHIPSIDE TERMINAL OF HOUSTON COMPRESS COMPANY (mcoRpor~vaD) HOUSTON, TEXAS TOP: Barrelled Gasoline uslembled for shipment from Houston. BOTTOM: Barrelled Gasoline loading for shipment. United 8t6tes Cuatoras BondedWarehoua¢ Service 36 Houston PORT BOOK November, 1940

constructed at west end of this wharf, 400 feet long and 95 feet wide, with an area of 36,521 square feet. Oil pipe lines for loading W. D. HADEN W.A. WANSLEY J.R. GUYTON R.J. WALES and discharging vessels and for bunkers are located on this wharf. President Vice-President Treas. ~4 Vice-Pres. Secy. ~1 Gen. Mgr. Wharf No. 4--777 feet long, concrete construction, with a concrete transit shed 662 by 100 feet in size. No railroad tracks reach the ship side, but behind the shed are five tracks spanned by a twenty- ton electric traveling crane and two trucking bridges connecting the transit shed with a concrete warehouse 600 by 400 feet in size, U Houston Towing Co. shape, served with three railroad tracks between the wings and two on the east side. A large inclined traveling conveyor with a capacity Sea, Harbor and Coastwise Towing of 100 tons per hour has been installed to carry cargo from ship to warehouse in a continuous movement. Portable conveyors and a 811 Cotton Exchange Building stacking machine also have been provided to facilitate the movement and placing of freight. This wharf and warehouse are designed for HOUSTON, TEXAS general merchandise. Wharf No. 5--104 feet long and 40 feet wide, but with additional pile clusters, provides a berth for oil tankers to discharge cargo through large pipe lines into the tanks of the Humble Oil Company, Phone: Capitol 6231 located on the top of the hill at southwest corner of the property, Dock Phone: Wayside 7388 where it is distributed by other pipe lines to the bunkers and into railroad tank cars, for shipment. Night Phones: Hadley 8635- Wayside 1335 Wharves Nos. 7 and 8--120 feet wide, 800 feet long, creosoted pile construction with wood shed, fire wall in middle and along rear, transit shed 94 by 800 feet, supported in the rear by three cotton concentration sheds, 650 feet long and 120 feet wide, and the two compresses of the Turning Basin Compress Company, which provides storage for about 50,000 bales of cotton. Wharf No. 10--600 feet long, concrete pile and concrete cross wall construction containing three shipside tracks and steel shed with 72,700 square feet of storage space. Wharf No. 11--530 feet long, concrete pile and cross wall construction with concrete one-story transit shed. Wharf No. 12--Same description as Wharf No. 11 with the addition of a second story containing some 29,950 square feet, which has been equipped with a modern cottonseed cake grinding plant. installed by the Maurice Pincoffs Company, who operate their cake exporting business from this wharf under lease. Wharf No. 13--480 feet long, concrete and steel, has just been remodeled similar to Wharf No. 12, but with special rooms for cold storage,° one with capacity of 17,000 cubic feet refrigerated to 10 Fahrenheit. Wharf No. 14--Open wharf constructed of concrete, 500 feet in length, equipped with two railroad tracks on the apron to tracks in the rear of Wharves Nos. 13 and 15. This berth is especially designed for the handling of grain, the grain gallery from the elevator being constructed on this wharf and extending from the center of Wharf No. 14 to the upper end of Wharf No. 13, and down stream over Wharf No. 15, providing a loading berth for two or three ships with fourteen dock spouts. Bulk cargo, such as coal, ore, sulphur,

THE UNION NATIONAL BANK OF HOUSTON, TEXAS

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Howard Flint Ink Companyplant on Lockwood Ave, November, 1940 Houston PORT BOOK 37

fertilizer, phosphate, etc., can be handled over this wharf to or from ships and cars. HANSEN 8(: TIDEMANN, INC. Wharf No. 15--This wharf, of the same description as Wharf No. 11, is 460 feet in length and provides an additional berthing STEAMSHIP AGENTS space for the handling of general cargo through a shed which con- SHIP BROKERS ¯ MERCHANTS CABLE ADDRESS: "HANDT’" tains 65,640 square feet of area. Grain loading facilities. ALL SHIPPING CODES Manchester Wharf, located two miles below Turning Basin-- AGENTS ARMEMENT DEPPE, S. A. This wharf is of concrete, 500 feet long and 200 feet wide, with a HAVRE, DUNKIRK, ANTWERP, GHENT steel transit shed 480 by 180, served by three tracks from the rear. TRANSMARINE NAVIGA~’ION CORPORATION A belt carrier house for grain connects the wharf with the Houston SAN FRANCISCO AND LOS ANGELES TO ORIENTAL PORTS Milling Companyflour mill plant, 600 feet in the rear of wharf, TRANSPORTES MARITIMOS Y VIAS FLUVIALES, S.C.L. which has a storage capacity of 1,000,000 bushels. Suction unloading MEXICAN EAST COAST PORTS HANSEN & TIDEMANN LINE equipment from vessel to elevator on wharf apron. EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL. UNITED KINGDOM AND FAR EAST PORTS Bulk Cargo Wharf--An opn deck creosoted pile wharf 250 feet L. Y A. GARCIA Y CIA. CUBANAND WESTINDIAN PORTS long, berthing space 500 feet long, railroad tracks in rear, bulk cargo OFFICES AT terminal, fitted with hoppers, conveyors, etc. GALVESTON DALLAS HOUSTON NEWORLEANS Main Street Wharf--573 feet long, designed for barge and light draft traffic. Located on the upper channel, seven miles from the Turning Basin and deep water channel. The Public Grain Elevator is located in rear of Wharf No. 14; HOgSTONMILLING COMPANY built of concrete with a capacity of 3,500,000 bushels, equipped with two car dumpers, latest design of electric conveying machinery. ON THE SHIP CHANNEL IN HOUSTON Loading capacity to 100,000 bushels per hour. Zeleny temperature system. The Port Commissionhas installed a vegetable oil handling plant EXPERT MILLERS OF at Wharf No. 15. This unit consists of pumpingplant and pipe lines, loading racks and two 500-ton storage tanks, fully equipped to handle vegetable oils from car to ship, ship to car, or from car or ship to storage tanks. The pumps can handle oils at the rate of 150 tons per hour in either direction. Steam lines are also provided for heating heavy oils or to facilitate the movementin cold weather. Cottonseed oil, peanut oil, olive, linseed, cocoanut and various other bulk vegetable oils can be handled through this facility with the greatest dispatch and at a minimumcharge. Arrangements have also been made for handling lubricating oils from tank car to vessels.

Bunkering Facilities Houston is essentially an oil port, being located in the midst of all the coastal oil fields, with pipe lines radiating in all directions to the great producing fields of Texas, Louisiana and Oklahoma, there being storage capacity of something like 40,000,000 barrels located adjacent to the Ship Channel. Exceptionally convenient bunker facilities have been provided by the Humble Oil Companyat the Turn- ing Basin, with approximately 128,000 barrels of fuel oil storage and pipe lines extending on to all the public wharves on the south side and to the Houston Compress Company wharves, through which vessels can be furnished bunkers at the rate of 2,000 barrels per hour, while taking on or discharging cargo. These lines have been extended to serve the new wharves on the north side of the channel. Bunker oil can also be obtained by private arrangements with some of the oil refineries located farther down the channel. U. S.

CROWNCENTRAL PETROLEUM C0RR HOUS TON, 1" EXA$

A new vessel of the "Lyk¢~ Line." 38 Houston PORT BOOK November, 1940

Between HOUSTON MOBILE NEW ORLEANS TAMPA and LOS ANGELES SAN FRANCISCO OAKLAND PORTLAND SEATTLE Barges of Cc, rn from lo~a to Houston via Mississippi River and lntra- TACOMA Coastal Canal.

¯.. ,r-f Shipping Board and naval vessels are bunkered under contract at Houston. Bunker coal is also available at bulk cargo wharf of Port Com- mission at Manchester, with conveyor system to convey from car or storage pile direct to ship.

Public Belt Railroad Main Line The main line of the Public Belt Railroad extends down the south side of the Ship Channel to the east line of the Shell refinery tract, a distance of approximately twelve miles. This belt line serves the public facilities on the south side of the Turning Basin and at Manchester and also the various private terminals along the south side which have their own industrial spurs branching from the main line into their plants or water front terminal. On the north side of the Ship Channel the Public Belt Railway has been extended from the Turning Basin to a point across and near the mouth of Green’s Bayou, a distance of about eight and one-half miles. A three-mile section was also built from the basin to the Carnegie Steel Companyplant on the north side, near the channel and considerably south of the main line. Additional extensions will be made from time to time as the needs of commerceand industrial development require. On July 1, 1924, there was put in operation the Port Terminal Railroad Association, which operates all the facilities of the Public

GULFOFFICES: Houston, ’rexas--804 First National Bank Building; Phone Preston 5218 Mobile, Ala.--707 Merchants National Bank Building; Phone Belmont 716 New Orleans, La.~424 Whitney Building; Phone Raymond 0311 Tampa, Fla.--Tampa Municipal Docks; Phone Tampa 4906

GENERALOFFICE: 120 Wall Street, NewYork

It liE II-lelhJSleNIPeip,.-l- IDeel~,

IS PRINTED IN HOUSTON, TEXAS, U. S. A. BY III IlF__WIF_IIDIB IPIP.JIN1FIINO OD.,,, IINC., 542 MERCHANTS AND MANUFACTURERS BUILDING Newsprint Paper at wharf of Manchester Termlnil, November, 1940 H 0 u s t 0 n P 0 R T B 0 0 K 39

Belt Railroad connecting with the main trunk lines entering the city and prov!ding for a neutral switching organization to handle all traffic to and from the port terminal and industries with equal dis- PLATZER BOAT WORKS patch and without discrimination. The Board of Control in charge E. D. Platzer of this association consists of a representative from each of the trunk line railroads or memberlines with the chairman of the Port Com- mission as chairman of the Board of Control. Builders of High-Class Yachts, Speed and Working Boats Fire Protection Construction of Steel Barges and Tugs The facilities of the Port are well protected by a splendid system of fire mains and connections with the City of Houston water sup- HOUSTON, TEXAS ply, as well as auxiliary electric fire pumps, and the entire Port is patrolled by one of the latest Diesel electric fire boats, the Port Marine Railway and Derrick Service Houston. This vessel, constructed in 1926, is 125 feet long with 27- foot beam, 8~/e-foot draft, equipped with two 500-horsepower 807 South Eightieth Street Wayside 7227 Diesel engines with an auxiliary unit of 165-horsepoower driving motor generators, which in turn operate motors for two centrifugal pumps with a capacity of 7,000 gallons of water per minute at 150 pounds pressure, which can be delivered through 39 fire nozzles, including the deck and turret monitor nozzles. COX & STEVENS, Inc. A wharf for fire boat with shore fire station has been con- 521FIFTH AVENUE structed at Manchester, about two and one-half miles below the NEW YORK Turning Basin. This station and barracks for firemen is equipped with complete fire alarm service, connected to city system. TELEPHONEMURRAY HILL 2-3o8o

Private Development The opening up of the Houston Ship Channel provided a NAVAL ARCHITECTS vast area on tidewater for industrial development where large indus- YACHT AND VESSEL BROKERS trial plants will be afforded both rail and water connections in or adjacent to the city, with access to raw materials and a plentiful supply of labor and a world market for their products. The land on All Typesof HighClass Yachtsand Commercial Vessels each side of the waterway from the Turning Basin to Morgan’s For Saleor Charter Point, a distance of twenty-five miles, is admirably adapted to this industrial development and is being utilized at a very rapid rate, as over fifty plants have been constructed in the last few years, representing at the present time a capital investment of over $200,000,000 and with a daily payroll of about $60,000. In addition to the advantage of water transportation, Houston Adams & Porter is one of the greatest rail centers of the South, with eighteen railroads radiating from the city. Marine Insurance----Average Adjusters Ampleelectric energy is available on each side of the Channel at Hulls and Cargoes very reasonable rates. The Houston Lighting & Power Companyhas a total capacity of 203,000 k. w. WORLD-WIDE FACILITIES The entire city and Port district are supplied with natural gas WASHINGTON, D.C. NEW YORK from local fields and from several different fields in South Texas 505 Mills Bldg. 15 William St. and from Northeast Texas and Louisiana. Phone District 0755 Phone Hanover 2-7094 Fuel oil is provided through pipe lines from all the major fields HOUSTON, TEXAS of Texas, with approximately 40,000,000 barrels storage available Cotton Exchange Bldg. in the Port area. Phone Preston 5181 $2.so eo, y Free Copy of "When Texas Was Young"

JESSEA. ZEI6LER Dealer in OLD, RARE TEXAS BOOKS Libraries Supplied for Busy People Macatee Hotel Erie Railroad officials visit Houston. Left to Right: Carl Howe, Vice-Pres., J. P. Gudger, R. E. Woodruff, Pres., Leon Marion, Jas. A. Moore, and H. W. HOUSTON, TEXAS Von Wilier. 40 H o u s t o n P o R T B o o K November, 1940

REARDON SMITH LINE

STATES MARINE CORPORATION

General Agents

NEW YORK -- NORFOI,K B NEW ORLEANS -- HOUSTON

AMERICAN GENERAL &L S INSURANCE COMPANY + + Home Office HOUSTON,TEXAS

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"STRACHAN LINE" STRACHAN SHIPPING COMPANY ¯ . . OFFICESAT . . . SAVANNAH, GEORGIA Steamship Agents and Ship Brokers Servicesby DirectSteamers to BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA --0 UNITED KINGDOM JACKSONV|LLE, FLORIDA FERNANDINA, FLORIDA Cable Address: "STRAEHAN" CONTINENTAL PENSACOLA, FLORIDA MOBILE, ALABAMA Codes: MEDITERRANEAN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA BOES, SCOTT’S, WATKIN$’, BENTLEY’S, A. B. C. MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE ADRIATIC ST. Louis, MISSOURI O-- NEW ORLEANS~ LOUISIANA NEW YORK OFFICE CHICAGO OFFICE SOUTH AMERICAN AND GALVESTON, TEXAS WHITEHALL BUILDING HOUSTON, TEXAS UTILITmSBUILDING FAR EASTPORTS HOUSTON, TEXAS ÷ 17 BATTERY PLACE 327 SOUTH LASALLE ST DALLAS, TEXAS

HOUSTON BARGE TERMINAL OWNEDAND OPERATED BY SHIPSIDE CONTRACTING COMPANY, INC.

DOCKS AND WAREHOUSES P. O. DRAWER1420 5807 NAVIGATIONBLVD. HOUSTON, TEXAS