11 June 1992 PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 105(2), 1992, pp. 324-330 TWO NEW CALLIANASSID SHRIMPS FROM BRAZIL (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: THALASSINIDEA)

Sergio de A. Rodrigues and Raymond B. Manning

Abstract. —Biffarius delicatulus and Eucalliax cearaensis are described from Brazil. Each species is the third of their genus to be recorded from the western Atlantic and the first of their genus known from South America.

Among the unstudied callianassids ac­ Diagnosis.—Size very small, cl less than cumulated by the senior author since his 7 mm in adults. Telson subquadrate, un­ review of the Brazilian callianassids (Ro­ armed. Mxp3 ischium-merus operculiform, drigues 1971) are two previously unde- without exopod, inner surface without crest scribed species. One of these is referable to or teeth. Male with one form of cheliped, the genus Biffarius and the other to Eucal­ merus of both chelipeds with ventral hook. liax; both of these" genera were recently Plp2 of male small, uniramous. Uropods erected for American species by Manning unarmed. &Felder(1991). Description.—Carapace smooth, with The holotypes have been deposited in the dorsal oval, without cardiac prominence, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao cervical groove distinct, linea thalassinica Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP) and distinct, parallel to longitudinal axis of body; paratypes are in that collection and in the rostrum short; lateral frontal projections ab­ National Museum of Natural History, sent. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Abdominal somites smooth, somite 1 (USNM). saddle-like, shorter than others; somite 2 Carapace length (cl) is postorbital cara­ longer than others, with small tuft of setae pace length in millimeters (mm). Other ab­ on posterolateral margin; somites 3-5 sub- breviations used include: Al, antennule; A2, equal in length, each with small lateral row antenna; leg., collector; m, meters; Mxpl-3, of setae; somite 6 about as long as telson, maxillipeds 1-3; P1-5, pereopods 1-5; Plpl- with small posterolateral rows of setae. Tel­ 5, pleopods 1-5. son subquadrate, slightly wider than long, with 1 tuft of setae on mid-dorsal surface, 2 other tufts near extremities of distal mar­ Biffarius delicatulus, new species gin. Fig. 1 Eyes flattened, slightly convex, about as Material. —Brazil, State of Sao Paulo: Sao long as first segment of Al peduncle, exter­ Sebastiao, Praia de Enseada [city of Sao Se- nal margins moderately convergent, mesial bastiao = 23°40'S, 45°20'W], dug from sand margins parallel up to level of cornea, there at low tide, 3 Jun 1981, leg. S. Rosso: 1 S, divergent towards pointed tips; cornea cl 3.8 mm (paratype, USNM 252546).-Sao rounded, darkly pigmented, subterminal. Sebastiao, Praia do Ara§a, collected in sand Al peduncle reaching slightly beyond tip at low tide with yabby pump, 18 May 1985, of penultimate segment of A2 peduncle; seg­ leg. S. A. Rodrigues: 6 S, cl 4.0-6.8 mm, 2 ment 3 twice as long as segment 2, segment 2, cl 4.3, 4.4 mm (1 S is holotype, MZUSP 1 a little longer than segment 2; flagellum 10582; other specimens are paratypes, shorter than peduncle. A2 peduncle with MZUSP (uncat.) and USNM 252547). segment 4 slightly shorter than segment 3 VOLUME 105, NUMBER 2 325

Fig. 1. Bijfarius delicatulus, new species, a. Lateral view; b, Carapace and anterior appendages; c, Front and eyes; d, Mandible; e, Maxilla 1; f. Maxilla 2; g, Mxpl; h, Mxp2; i, Mxp3; j, Major cheliped of male; k. Minor cheliped of male; 1, P2; m, P3; n, Left cheliped of female; o, Right cheliped of female; p, P4; q, P5; r, Male Plpl; s, Male Plp2; t, Female Plpl; u, Female Plp2; v, Plp4; w, Telson and left uropod. a-m, p-s, v-w, male paratype, cl 4.0 mm; n-o, t-u, female paratype, cl 4.3 mm. 326 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Table 1. —Gill formula oiBiffarius delicatulus.

Maxiliipeds Pereopods

Pleurobranchs Arthrobranchs Podobranchs Epipods Exopods

and as long as segment 1 and 2 together; portion serrated; carpus about 1.5 times antennal scale small; flagellum about 3 times longer than wide; palm shorter than carpus, longer than peduncle. slightly longer than wide; fingers shorter than Mandible with 7 sharp teeth on incisor palm, gaping, tips acutely pointed, cutting process; molar process unarmed; palp edges minutely serrated. Smaller cheliped 3-segmented, segment 3 longer than seg­ of male with ischium smooth, merus usually ments 1 and 2 combined. Maxillule with with small, acute hook at midlength of pos­ broad protopodal endites; palp slender, with terior margin (absent in 1 specimen); carpus curved tip. Maxilla with protopodal endites longer than other joints, length about 3 times bilobed; palp slender, reaching slightly be­ width; propodus widening distally; fingers yond middle of basal endite; exopod broad, subequal, curved, longer than palm, sharply with crenulated margins bearing equally- pointed, with some serrations on cutting spaced setae, longer on distal margin. Mxp 1 edges. Females with both chelipeds of same with protopodal endites as illustrated (Fig. size and shape, differing from small cheliped Ig); palp small but distinct, longer than wide; of male only in setation and proportions of exopod appearing articulated, distal portion carpus (2.2 rather than 3 times longer than with crenulated margin bearing long setae; wide). epipod divided by constriction, anterior P2 with fingers not gaping, cutting edges portion short and truncate, posterior por­ straight, smooth. P3 with ischium and me­ tion produced into curved lobe. Mxp2 with rus of about same width, merus longer than endopod 5-segmented, as illustrated (Fig. ischium; carpus broadening distally; prop­ Ih); exopod unsegmented, shorter than en- odus wider than carpus, anterior and pos­ dopodal merus; protopod with small setose terior margins convex, posterior margin exopod, lacking arthrobranch. Mxp3 ischi- mjjch longer than anterior; dactylus as long um-merus operculiform; ischium 1.5 times as wide, with rounded tip. P4 with posterior wider than long, mesial surface with sparse margin of propodus bending towards dac­ small setae, without crest or teeth; merus 2 tylus, lacking subchelar projection. P5 dis­ times wider than long, proximal margin as tinctly chelate, fingers small, tips curved. long as distal margin of ischium, 4 times Branchial formula, differing from normal wider than carpus and prodopus; propodus callianassid formula in complete absence of longer than wide, only slightly wider than arthrobranch on Mxp2, as shown in Ta­ digitiform dactylus. ble 1. Larger cheliped of male with ischium Plpl of male uniramous, 2-segmented; smooth, unarmed; merus with anterior distal segment spatulate, with 5 long apical margin smooth, posterior margin produced setae. Plp2 rudimentary, uniramous, 2-seg­ into distally directed hook and with distal mented; distal segment with 1 short apical VOLUME 105, NUMBER 2 327 seta. Plpl of female uniramous, 2-seg- leg. S. A. Rodrigues: 2 3, cl 7 mm, 3 9, cl mented; proximal segment with a few sub- 6-7.2 mm (1 male is holotype, MZUSP terminal short setae; distal joint about 2 10583; other specimens are paratypes, times longer than proximal, with about 12 USNM 252546). small setae at midlength, 4 small subter- D/a^no5/s.—Rostrum short, not spined. minal slender setae, and 4 spiniform apical Carpus of chelipeds lacking distal acute pro­ setae. Plp2 of female biramous; endopod jections or spines. Male Plpl terminating in straight, with 5 terminal setae and a few single hook. setae scattered along its length; exopod sim­ Description.—Carapace about 'A as long ilar to endopod but curved. Plp3-5 with as body, lacking cardiac prominence, dorsal stubby, projecting appendices internae in oval, rostral spine, and rostral carina, cer­ both sexes. vical groove indistinct, present as suture; Uropodal endopod widening to its distal dorsal midline with 2 small rounded pits, extremity, about as long as broad, marginal one on anterior portion of gastric area, other setae delicate; exopod slightly longer than on caudal portion of cardiac area; linea thal- endopod, upper plate incomplete, distal assinica parallel to midline of body; rostrum margin convex, without strong setae. short; lateral frontal projections of carapace Etymology.—From the Latin, delicatus, inconspicuous. Abdominal somites smooth, delicate, as, like B. biformis and B. fragilis, somite 1 shortest, somite 2 longest; somites specimens are very easily damaged when 3-5 subequal in length, each with small lat­ handled. eral row of setae. Telson distinctly broader Remarks.—This species resembles B. bi­ than long, subquadrate, unarmed. formis (Biffar, 1971) and B. fragilis (Bilfar, Eyes flattened, extending slightly beyond 1970), the only other species assigned to the distal margin of first segment of Al, almost genus, but differs from both in having ves­ 2 times longer than wide; external margins tigial pleopods on the second abdominal convergent, internal margins parallel for somite of the male. It further differs from most of length, diverging near pointed tips; B. biformis in lacking spinules on the pos­ cornea distinct, darkly pigmented, subter- terolateral comer of the telson and in having minal. only one form of major cheliped in the male. Al peduncle about as long as A2 pedun­ It differs from B. fragilis in having a weak cle; segment 1 shortest, segment 3 longest; hook on the merus of the smaller cheliped, antennular flagellum about 1.5 times longer a relatively short antennular peduncle, and than peduncle. Antennal scale absent; an- no spinules on the inner face of the ischium tennal flagellum about 5 times as long as r\f \V\f^ fViit-H mQYillir^p»rl Ac in R hi-fnvwiiv peduncle. ^^A LXXV.J ^LLA-A.^^ iilk4^ViXXA^V/«^. A &LJ AAA. AJ . .J AJ \^ I ItAKJf the female of B. delicatulus lacks a major Mandible with molar process smooth, in­ cheliped—both chelipeds are of the same cisor process with about 10 small, unequal size and shape. All three species lack an teeth; mandibular palp 3 segmented, seg­ arthrobranch on the second maxilliped. ment 3 larger than the preceding and bear­ ing many stiff setae. Maxillule with many short spiniform setae on mesial margin of Eucalliax cearaensis, new species protopodal endite; palp slender, curved, un- Fig. 2 segmented. Maxilla with protopodal endites Material—Brazil, State of Ceara: Forta- bilobed, mesial margins bearing numerous leza [3°45'S, 38°35'W], Barro de Ceara, right slender setae; palp about as long as endites; bank of river mouth, collected in sand at exopod broad with anterior and posterior low tide with yabby pump, 21 Feb 1984, margins rounded. 328 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Fig. 2. EucalUax cearaensis, new species, a, Dorsal view; b. Carapace, frontal appendages, and anterior abdominal somites; c. Posterior part of abdomen and tail fan; d, Front and eyes; e. Mandible; f. Maxilla 1; g. Maxilla 2; h, Mxpl; i, Mxp2; j, Mxp3; k, Right cheliped of male; 1, Left cheliped of female; m, Right cheliped of female; n, P2; o, P3; p, P4; q, P5; r, P5 propodus and dactylus; s, Male Plpl; t, Male Plp2; u. Female Plpl; V, Female Plp2. a-k, n-t, male paratype, cl 7 mm; 1-m, u-v, female paratype, cl 6 mm. VOLUME 105, NUMBER 2 329

Table 2.—Branchial formula of Eucalliax cearaensis (r = rudimentary).

Maxillipeds Pereopods

Pleurobranchs Arthrobranchs Podobranchs Epipods Exopods

Mxpl with coxa triangular, base rounded; merus the widest joint, narrowing distally; palp short and narrow; exopod unsegment- palm wider than long; fingers with pointed ed; epipod large, tapering anteriorly, broad­ tips, cutting edges straight, not gaping. P3 ening posteriorly. Mxp2 with pediform en- with ischium as wide as merus; merus sub- dopod; exopod slightly longer than half of cylindrical, tapering to articulation with endopod; protopod with small leaf-like epi­ carpus; carpus widening near midlength; pod. Mxp3 with ischium-merus subpedi- posterior margin of propodus with small lobe form, length about twice merus width; is­ proximally, anterior margin convex. P4 chial ridge with about 8 denticles; carpus simple, ischium and merus about as long as oval; propodus about as broad as carpus, carpus, propodus and dactylus combined; broader proximally than distally; dactylus merus the widest joint, carpus slender, blunt, ovate, about as long as wide. propodus and dactylus with dense tufts of Branchial formula as shown in Table 2. setae. P5 chelate, ischium and merus short­ Chelipeds subequal, slightly sexually di­ er than combined lengths of carpus, prop­ morphic. Large cheliped of male with row odus and dactylus; carpus and propodus the of spines on ischium increasing in size dis­ widest joints; propodus and dactylus with tally; merus unarmed, about 2 times longer dense tufts of setae; fixed finger spoon- than wide; carpus shorter than merus, about shaped; dactylus curved. as long as wide, anterior and posterior mar­ Plpl of male uniramous, 2-segmented; gins distally rounded, without acute projec­ distal segment with flattened, curved tip tions; palm longer than wide, margins bearing marginal row of long setae, poste­ smooth; fixed finger strong, blunt at tip, rior margin convex at midlength, with row much shorter than dactylus, cutting edge of minute setae; proximal segment longer with median triangular tooth; dactylus blunt, than distal, smooth, with tuft of short setae curving inward distally, cutting edge with near distal extremity of posterior margin. strong proximal tooth and 3 small teeth di­ Plp2 of male biramous, exopod and endo­ minishing in size distally. Larger cheliped pod leaf-like; endopod 3-segmented, prox­ of female with ischium, merus, and carpus imal segment with inner projection almost as in male; palm as long as wide, fixed finger as long as distal segment; latter narrow, with with rather sharp teeth; dactylus with acute small appendix interna. Plpl of female uni­ tip, cutting edge slightly serrated near prox­ ramous, 2-segmented, distal segment artic­ imal extremity. Smaller cheliped with me­ ulated to distal portion of anterior margin rus, carpus, and palm as in larger cheliped of proximal segment, forming an angle of of female; fingers with acute tips and nearly 90° with it, distal extremity flattened, with smooth cutting edges. long marginal setae; proximal segment with P2 with ischium small, wider than long; group of long and group of short setae on 330 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

dilated distal portion of posterior margin. in having a much shorter rostral spine and Plp2 of female biramous, exopod and en- in having the male Plpl terminating in a dopod narrow, spatulate, with distal half single apical lobe rather than in two lobes. bearing long marginal setae; endopod with knob near midlength of inner margin, ad­ Acknowledgments jacent to appendix interna, bearing a rod­ The figures were inked and prepared for like tuft of long setae; protopod with similar publication by Marion Erwin, for which we tuft of setae near distal margin, almost be­ are most grateful. One of us (SAR) studied tween exopod and endopod, and with stron­ the material reported here at the National ger tuft of setae on anterior surface. Plp3- Museum of Natural History under a short- 5 with finger-like appendices intemae in both term visitor grant from the Office of Fel­ sexes. lowships and Grants, Smithsonian Institu­ Uropodal endopod oval, about 1.5 times tion. longer than wide, distal tip extending well This is Contribution number 295 from beyond posterior margin of telson, margins the Smithsonian Marine Station at Link with widely spaced setae, dorsal surface with Port, Florida. tuft of long setae near distal extremity of mesial margin; exopod about as long as en­ Literature Cited dopod, upper plate distinctly shorter than lower plate, with double row of about 14 Biffar, T. A. 1970. Three new species of callianassid spiniform setae on mesial portion of distal shrimp (Decapoda, Thalassinidea) from the margin, lower plate with single row of 12 western Atlantic.—Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 83:35-49. spiniform setae on central part of distal . 1971. New species of Ca///a«as5fl (Decapoda, margin, increasing in size medially. Thalassinidea) from the western Atlantic — Etymology.—The specific name is de­ Crustaceana 21(3):225-236. rived from the State of Ceara which con­ Heard, R. W. 1989. Caffiaxjo«e«, n. sp. (Decapoda: tains the type locality. Thalassinidea: Callianassidae) from the north­ western Bahamas.—Gulf Research Reports 8(2): Remarks.—Two species of Eucalliax have 129-136. been described from the American tropical Manning, R. B., & D. L. Felder. 1991. Revision of Atlantic: E. quadracuta (BifFar, 1970) and the American Callianassidae (Crustacea: De­ E. jonesi (Heard, 1989). This new species capoda: Thalassinidea).—Proceedings of the Bi­ differs from both in having the Al and A2 ological Society ofWashington 104(4):762-790. Rodrigues, S. de A. 1971. Mud shrimps of the genus peduncles subequal in length. It further dif­ Callianassa Leach from the Brazilian coast fers from E. quadracuta in lacking acute dis­ (Crustacea, Decapoda).—Arquivos de Zoologia, tal processes or spines on the dorsal and Sao Paulo 20(3); 191-223. ventral margins of the carpus of the che- lipeds, in having a row of spiniform setae Addresses: (SAR) Departamento de Eco- on the uropods, and in the shape and se- logia Geral, Instituto de Biociencias, Uni- tation of Pip 1-2 in the male which in E. versidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, quadracuta is a simple spatulate lobe, not CEP 05499 Sao Paulo, Brazil; (RBM) De­ recurved into a distal hook. Eucalliax cea- partment of Invertebrate Zoology, National raensis resembles E. jonesi in the smooth Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian carpus of the chelipeds and the presence of Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. spiniform setae on the uropods, but differs