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Fotos Zum Autobahnbau Im Rheinland 1934-1941
Autobahnbau im Rheinland Fotografien von 1934 - 1941 im Archiv des Landschaftsverbandes Rheinland bearbeitet von Rudolf Kahlfeld Stand: Mai 2009 Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort II Bestandsverzeichnis 1 Allgemeines (Übersichten, Karten) 1 2 Kraftwagenstraße Bonn - Köln 2 3 Brücken, Überführungsbauwerke 2 3.1 Rheinbrücke Köln - Rodenkirchen, km 67,9 - 68,3 der Autobahn Aachen - Köln 2 3.2 Talbrücke Remscheid - Lennepp 4 3.3 Rhein - Herne - Kanal, km 16,2 der Reichsautobahn Köln - Berlin 7 3.4 Kaiserbergbrücke, km 11,9 der Reichsautobahn Köln - Berlin 11 3.5 sonstige im Raum Oberhausen - Duisburg 15 3.6 sonstige 36 4 Autobahn Köln - Wuppertal (km 17,8 bis 21,0; vgl. auch 3.2) 37 5 Autobahn Berlin - Köln (vgl. 3.3) 41 6 Sonstiges 47 Hilfsmittel Ortsindex 50 Personenindex 50 Sachindex 50 I Vorwort Der Bestand stammt zur Masse (etwa zwei Drittel) aus der Obersten Bauleitung Essen, T-Büro. Eine eindeutige Zuordnung der anderen Provenienzen war nicht möglich, es dürfte sich jedoch um das für Köln zuständige Pen- dant handeln. Zur historischen Orientierung sei auf das Vorwort zum Bestand "Generalinspektor für das Deutsche Straßenwe- sen" des Bundesarchivs (Bestand R 4601 ; http://www.bundesarchiv.de/foxpublic/14F34F2D0A062212000000000EC71A5D/frame.jsp?detail=findmittelinf o.html&oben=findmittelinfo_oben.html ) verwiesen. Der vorliegende Bestand illustriert dessen Aktenüberliefe- rung, in Sonderheit zu den Klassifikationspunkten 3.10.4 Oberste Bauleitung Essen bzw. 3.10.10 Oberste Baulei- tung Köln (z. B. den Aktentitel zu R 4601 Nr. 1019 "Zubringer Duisburg-Kaiserberg") Bei der Verzeichnung des Bestandes wurde auf die morphologischen Eigenarten der Überlieferung und die dar- aus resultierenden Lagerungsbedürfnisse Rücksicht genommen, indem die Nrn. -
Alwin Seifert and Nazi Environmentalism
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications History, Department of 5-2020 Advocates for the Landscape: Alwin Seifert and Nazi Environmentalism Peter Staudenmaier Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/hist_fac Part of the History Commons Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications/College of Arts and Sciences This paper is NOT THE PUBLISHED VERSION; but the author’s final, peer-reviewed manuscript. The published version may be accessed by following the link in the citation below. German Studies Review, Vol. 43, No. 2 (May 2020): 271-290. DOI. This article is © Johns Hopkins University Press and permission has been granted for this version to appear in e- Publications@Marquette. Johns Hopkins University Press does not grant permission for this article to be further copied/distributed or hosted elsewhere without the express permission from Johns Hopkins University Press. Advocates for the Landscape: Alwin Seifert and Nazi Environmentalism Peter Staudenmaier ABSTRACT Reexamining debates on ostensibly green facets of Nazism, this article offers a case study of the "landscape advocates" led by Alwin Seifert from 1934 to 1945. In contrast to previous accounts focused on the role of the landscape advocates in the construction of the Autobahn, the article assesses their work on a wide range of projects in Nazi Germany and across occupied Europe. It argues that existing scholarship has not fully recognized the extent of the landscape advocates' involvement in Nazi structures and has sometimes misunderstood the relationship between their environmental activities and blood and soil ideology. Seven decades after the defeat of Hitler's dictatorship, the European landscape still bears the scars of war and genocide. -
A Concise History of Germany Pdf, Epub, Ebook
A CONCISE HISTORY OF GERMANY PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Mary Fulbrook | 293 pages | 08 Mar 2004 | CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS | 9780521540711 | English | Cambridge, United Kingdom A Concise History of Germany - Mary Fulbrook - Häftad () | Bokus Joseph W. This balanced history offers a concise, readable introduction to Nazi Germany. Combining compelling narrative storytelling with analysis, Joseph W. The age of confessionalism, ; 4. The age of absolutism, ; 5. The age of industrialisation, ; 6. Democracy and dictatorship, ; 7. The two Germanies, ; 8. The Federal Republic of Germany since ; 9. Patterns and problems of German history. Du kanske gillar. It was basically two straightaways bracketed by banked turns, but its divided roadways and limits on other types of traffic made it Germany's first modern highway. It remains part of the roadway network to this day, complete with the original wooden grandstand. Hitler's Reichsautobahn Germany's planning for an inter-city highway network began in the mids, with a Cologne-Bonn road opened in , but it wasn't until the Nazis came to power in that construction began in earnest. The Nazi party initially opposed a highway network on the grounds that it would primarily benefit the rich aristocrats who could afford a car. It wasn't until Adolf Hitler realized the propaganda value of individual mobility—a nation-wide road network and an affordable " people's car " to populate it—that the Nazis embraced the idea. The project would become the world's first high-speed road network. Construction on what became known as the Reichsautobahn proceeded rapidly, with an emphasis on east-west and north-south connections, and routes that showed off the German scenery. -
Reichsautobahn OT DDAC
original Reichsautobahn literature and memorabilia Offered in this category is original Third Reich literature and memorabilia about the Reichsautobahn, as well as from Organisa:on Todt (OT) and DDAC (Nazi automobile club). Many people think that it was Hitler who planned and built the Reichsautobahn. In reality, the first sec:on of the later legendary German Autobahn network was constructed and built before Hitler came to power. The construc:on on the 20 kilometer (12 miles) long Autobahn sec:on Köln-Bonn began in 1929 and was finished in August of 1932. During the opening ceremonies on August 6, 1932, Oberbürgermeister (Mayor) of Cologne Konrad Adenauer (he became West Germany's first Bundeskanzler / Chancellor from 1949 to 1963) proclaimed: "So werden die Straßen der Zukun^ aussehen" (This is how the roads of the future will look like"). It is true that about a quarter of Germany's current 11,000 kilometer (6830 miles) long Autobahn network was originally built during the Third Reich but the early planning and design work was done before. In 1924 the "Studiengesellscha^ für den Automobilstraßenbau" (Stufa) was founded and began planning a German highway system. The Stufa published an ambi:ous plan for a 22,500 km German superhighway network in 1926. The work of the Stufa was later taken over by an agency named HaFraBa. In 1933, shortly a^er the Na:onal Socialist seizure of power, Hitler and his chief civil engineer Dr. Fritz Todt adopted and expanded the HaFraBa plans and proceeded with the Autobahn (then called Reichsautobahn) construc:on the same year. -
Germany and Its Autobahn 3
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: GERMANY AND ITS AUTOBAHN 3 A German thinks of planting trees whenever he hears the word Kultur.1 – Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy (1938) Together with Kindergarten, Blitzkrieg, and Angst, autobahn (pl. autobahnen) is one of a handful of German words that have migrated into the English language. Driving along one of these multilane, limited-access highways arouses in many foreign visitors feelings that vacillate between awed amazement at this efficient transportation machine and anxiety over the absence of speed limits. A few car dealerships in the United States, from Boston to the San Francisco Bay Area, even call their establishments “Autobahn USA” or “Autobahn Motors,” in the hope, evidently, of generating higher sales by invoking the German road net- work. Recently, one American author even called for an “American autobahn” with no speed limit.2 The electronic pop music band Kraftwerk made a major contribution to the ambivalent assessment of this technological artifact stretch- ing over thousands of kilometers with its 1974 song “Autobahn”: by using the most modern musical techniques to portray a fast-paced road trip, it surrounded the autobahnen with the aura of a modern sheen and cool technoromanticism. Observers versed in history, however, tend to see in the German autobahnen and their external effects a thicket of motivations, myths, and interpretations. The spectrum ranges from false Internet rumors about the supposed military reasons behind the roadways (the aftereffects of Nazi propaganda legends), to personal driving experiences and even academic controversies. Many of the popular myths have been debunked by scholarship: the autobahnen did not serve primarily military purposes, nor did they solve the problem of unemploy- ment to the degree the Nazis claimed. -
When Architecture and Politics Meet
Housing a Legislature: When Architecture and Politics Meet Russell L. Cope Introduction By their very nature parliamentary buildings are meant to attract notice; the grander the structure, the stronger the public and national interest and reaction to them. Parliamentary buildings represent tradition, stability and authority; they embody an image, or the commanding presence, of the state. They often evoke ideals of national identity, pride and what Ivor Indyk calls ‘the discourse of power’.1 In notable cases they may also come to incorporate aspects of national memory. Consequently, the destruction of a parliamentary building has an impact going beyond the destruction of most other public buildings. The burning of the Reichstag building in 1933 is an historical instance, with ominous consequences for the German State.2 Splendour and command, even majesty, are clearly projected in the grandest of parliamentary buildings, especially those of the Nineteenth Century in Europe and South America. Just as the Byzantine emperors aimed to awe and even overwhelm the barbarian embassies visiting their courts by the effects of architectural splendour and 1 Indyk, I. ‘The Semiotics of the New Parliament House’, in Parliament House, Canberra: a Building for the Nation, ed. by Haig Beck, pp. 42–47. Sydney, Collins, 1988. 2 Contrary to general belief, the Reichstag building was not destroyed in the 1933 fire. The chamber was destroyed, but other parts of the building were left unaffected and the very large library continued to operate as usual. A lot of manipulated publicity by the Nazis surrounded the event. Full details can be found in Gerhard Hahn’s work cited at footnote 27. -
The Reichstag Fire Roleplay Exercise
1 The Nazi Consolidation of Power 1. Parliament: “Were the Nazis responsible for burning down the German Reichstag?” What happened? In February 1933, only a month after Hitler became Chancellor, the Reichstag Parliament building mysteriously burnt to the ground. Hitler claimed that the communists were responsible and called fresh elections. The Nazis won a record amount of seats. Hitler was now in a position to pass whatever laws he wished… Who was responsible? Some historians insist that the Nazis started the fire themselves. Others insist that the fire was started by the communists and Hitler just took advantage of it. Your Task is to investigate the evidence and reach your own conclusion on this genuine mystery. The Nazis on Trial Stage 1: Choosing your witnesses Paired Task a. Your teacher will provide a Witness Statements Sheet to each pair of students in the class. Cut these up into slips and organise them into two piles: (i) Prosecution witnesses (=blaming the Nazis for the fire); (ii) Defence Witnesses (blaming the communists). b. Decide upon three "star" witnesses in each pile. Group Task • The class will now be divided into two teams: - The PROSECUTION team will try to prove the Nazis started the fire themselves. - The DEFENCE team will try to prove that the Nazis did not start the fire. a. As a group, discuss your findings and settle upon three "star" witnesses for your side. Keep your choices secret from the other group! b. Once you are in agreement, the teacher will give a Witness Report Sheet to each group. c. -
Exclusion After the Seizure of Power
Exclusion after the Seizure of Power 24 | L A W YE RS W I T H O U T R IGH T S The first Wave of Exclusion: Terroristic Attacks Against Jewish Attorneys After (Adolph) Hitler was appointed Reich Chancellor and a coalition government was formed that included German nationalists, the National Socialists increased the level of national terror. The Reichstag fire during the night of Feb. 28, 1933 served as a signal to act. It provided the motive to arrest more than 5,000 political opponents, especially Communist officials and members of the Reichstag, as well as Social Democrats and other opponents of the Nazis. The Dutch Communist Marinus van der Lubbe, who was arrested at the scene of the crime, was later sentenced to death and executed. It was for this reason that, on March 29, 1933— afterwards—a special law was enacted that increased criminal penalties, because up to then the maximum punishment for arson had been penal servitude. The other four accused, three Bulgarian Communists (among them the well-known Georgi Dimitroff) and a German Communist, Ernst Torgler, were acquitted by the Reichsgericht, the Weimar Republic’s highest court, in Leipzig. On the day of the Reichstag fire, Reich President von Hindenburg signed the emergency decree “For the Protection of the People and the State.” This so-called “Reichstag fire decree” suspended key basic civil rights: personal freedom, freedom of speech, of the press, of association and assembly, the confidentiality of postal correspondence and tele- phone communication, the inviolability of property and the home. At the beginning of February another emergency decree was promulgated that legalized “protective custody,” which then proceeded to be used as an arbitrary instrument of terror. -
Forced and Slave Labor in Nazi-Dominated Europe
UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES Forced and Slave Labor in Nazi-Dominated Europe Symposium Presentations W A S H I N G T O N , D. C. Forced and Slave Labor in Nazi-Dominated Europe Symposium Presentations CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM 2004 The assertions, opinions, and conclusions in this occasional paper are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council or of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. First printing, April 2004 Copyright © 2004 by Peter Hayes, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Michael Thad Allen, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Paul Jaskot, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Wolf Gruner, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Randolph L. Braham, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Christopher R. Browning, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by William Rosenzweig, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Andrej Angrick, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Sarah B. Farmer, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; Copyright © 2004 by Rolf Keller, assigned to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Contents Foreword ................................................................................................................................................i -
The Itinerary
HARALD SANDNER HITLER THE ITINERARY Whereabouts and Travels from 1889 to 1945 VOLUME I 1889–1927 Introduction Where exactly did Hitler reside from the time of his birth on 20 April 1889 in the Austrian village of Braunau am Inn, then part of Austria-Hungary, until his suicide on 30 April 1945 in Berlin at a time when the Third Reich was almost entirely occupied? This book is a nearly exhaustive account of the German dictator’s movements, and it answers this question. It !rst o"ers a summary of all the places he lived and stayed in, as well as his travel details, in- cluding information about the modes of transport. It then puts this data in its political, military and personal/private context. Additional information relating to the type of transportation used, Hitler’s physical remains and the destruction he left behind are also included. Biographies on Hitler have researched sources dating back to the period between 1889 and 1918. Such biographers – especially in more recent times – were able to as- sess new material and correct the mistakes made by other authors in the past. Prominent examples include Anton Joachimsthaler (1989, 2000, 2003, 2004) and Brigitte Hamann (2002, 2008) ades of Hitler’s life. Hitler became politically active in 1919. Sources from the early years are scarce and relatively neutral. However, soon after that, the tone of the sources is in#uenced heav- ily by the political attitudes of contemporary journalism. Objective information waned, and reports were either glori!ed or highly disapproving. References to travel, the means of transport used, etc do exist to some degree, but are often also contradictory. -
KEY QUESTION 2 : the Rise to Power of the Nazi Party 1929-1934 the Rise to Power of the Nazi Party 1929-1934
COMPONENT 2 - PERIOD STUDY 2B. THE DEVELOPMENT OF GERMANY 1919-1991 KEY QUESTION 2 : The rise to power of the Nazi Party 1929-1934 The rise to power of the Nazi Party 1929-1934 BACKGROUND : The impact of the Depression on Germany In October 1929 the Wall Street Stock Exchange in America crashed and plunged the world into a serious economic crisis. Share values in the USA had increased well beyond the actual value of the products they were invested in and, when the bubble burst, American investors lost $400 million in a month. Countries like Germany, whose industries relied heavily on loans from America, suffered greatly as the loans which had helped to boost the economy in the 1920s in Germany now dried up. In addition, as the world’s economy went into depression, Germany’s exports also began to decline, resulting in serious unemployment. The failure of several Austrian and German banks in 1931 made an already bad situation worse. Prices of farm products tumbled and German agriculture suffered, causing distress to farmers who had heavily mortgaged their farms in the 1920s. The impact of the Depression on Germany was very severe, causing serious social discontent: • Unemployment rose dramatically from 900,000 in 1929, to over 3.5 million in 1930, 5 million in 1931 and nearly 6 million in 1932. This caused widespread misery and poverty. • The failure of the banks caused the middle classes to lose their savings once again. • Many people found they could not keep up with mortgage or rent payments and became homeless. -
Sammelrez: G. Fehlhauer: Die Geschichte Der Reichsautobahn
Gero Fehlhauer. Die Geschichte der Reichsautobahn Chemnitz-Hof. Reichenbach/Vogtland: Foto & Verlag Jacobi, 2006. 168 S. ISBN 978-3-937228-27-3. Reviewed by Reiner Ruppmann Published on H-Soz-u-Kult (June, 2007) Im Herbst 2008 wird der Start des Autobahn‐ das Baugeschehen und seine Ergebnisse. Der offi‐ baus in Deutschland 75 Jahre zurückliegen. Ob of‐ zielle Bilderkanon war zwar durchaus begrenzt, fizielle Stellen mit einer Erinnerungsfeier auf den wurde jedoch in den Publikationen immer wieder sogenannten ‚Ersten Spatenstich’ am 23. Septem‐ repetiert. Auf diese Weise erzwang insbesondere ber 1933 zurückblicken werden, ist fraglich. Denn das Medium Autobahn-Photographie ganz be‐ im Gegensatz zur politisch korrekten Gedenkkul‐ stimmte Sehgewohnheiten, weil die Abbildungen tur ist es kaum möglich, über ein verkehrsge‐ einer inszenierten Realität mangels Alternativen schichtliches Ereignis aus der Anfangszeit der na‐ für das Ganze standen. Dem unbefangenen Be‐ tionalsozialistischen Herrschaft (Beginn des Auto‐ trachter teilen sich diese Bilder damals wie heute bahnbaus) ohne expliziten Hinweis auf das Tätig‐ als spannender Aufbruch in die moderne Ver‐ werden einer Unperson (Hitler) zu berichten, auf kehrswelt der automobilen Fortbewegung mit: den allein damals dieses Ereignis zugeschnitten Aufragende Brücken aus Stahl oder Beton mit gro‐ war. Und ein direkter Zusammenhang mit dem ßen Spannweiten stehen für technischen Forts‐ Holocaust stellt sich nicht unmittelbar her. chritt und überragende Ingenieurskunst, die Ar‐ Die Geschichte der