Revised Classification and Phylogeny of an Afrotropical Species Group Based on Molecular and Morphological Data, with the Descri
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Phylogenetic Relationships of Iberian Dung Beetles Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae): Insights on the Evolution of Nesting Behavior
J Mol Evol +2002) 55:116±126 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-002-2314-4 Phylogenetic Relationships of Iberian Dung Beetles Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae): Insights on the Evolution of Nesting Behavior Soraya Villalba,Jorge M. Lobo,Fermõ  n Martõ n-Piera,* Rafael Zardoya Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Jose Gutie rrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain Received: 22 October 2001 / Accepted: 25 January 2002 Abstract. A phylogeny of the main lineages of dung Introduction beetles +Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) from the Iberian Peninsula was based on partial nucleotide sequences The Scarabaeinae +dung beetles) are a worldwide- +about 1221 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome distributed, highly successful subfamily of Coleoptera oxidase I and II genes of 33 taxa. Our phylogenetic with nearly 5000 species grouped in 234 genera analyses con®rmed the validity and composition of +Hanski and Cambefort 1991). Ever since Linnaeus' most of the recognized tribes within the subfamily. Systema Naturae, dung beetles have received wide Interestingly, the Onitini showed an evolutionary rate attention from entomologists because of their singu- signi®cantly higher than that of the other tribes. The lar adaptations in exploiting vertebrate dung pads molecular phylogeny supports a sister-group rela- +e.g., Fabre 1897, 1899; Heymons and von Lengerken tionship of the tribes Onitini and Oniticellini + On- 1922; Burmeister 1930; Heymons 1930; Prasse 1957; thophagini. A close relationship of Scarabaeini, Rommel, 1961; Balthasar 1963; Halter and Matth- Gymnopleurini, and Sisyphini is also suggested but ews 1966; Halter and Edmonds 1982). Scarabaeids lacks bootstrap support. Surprisingly, the Coprini, are one of the best-studied groups of beetles in terms which had always been related to the Oniticellini and of taxonomy +Janssens 1949; Balthasar 1963; Iablo- Onthophagini, were placed closer to the Scarabaeini, kov-Khnzorian 1977; Zunino 1984; Browne and Gymnopleurini, and Sisyphini. -
Dung Beetle Assemblages Attracted to Cow and Horse Dung: the Importance of Mouthpart Traits, Body Size, and Nesting Behavior in the Community Assembly Process
life Article Dung Beetle Assemblages Attracted to Cow and Horse Dung: The Importance of Mouthpart Traits, Body Size, and Nesting Behavior in the Community Assembly Process Mattia Tonelli 1,2,* , Victoria C. Giménez Gómez 3, José R. Verdú 2, Fernando Casanoves 4 and Mario Zunino 5 1 Department of Pure and Applied Science (DiSPeA), University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy 2 I.U.I CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain; [email protected] 3 Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Universidad Nacional de Misiones–CONICET, 3370 Puerto Iguazú, Argentina; [email protected] 4 CATIE, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, 30501 Turrialba, Costa Rica; [email protected] 5 Asti Academic Centre for Advanced Studies, School of Biodiversity, 14100 Asti, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Dung beetles use excrement for feeding and reproductive purposes. Although they use a range of dung types, there have been several reports of dung beetles showing a preference for certain feces. However, exactly what determines dung preference in dung beetles remains controversial. In the present study, we investigated differences in dung beetle communities attracted to horse or cow dung from a functional diversity standpoint. Specifically, by examining 18 functional traits, Citation: Tonelli, M.; Giménez we sought to understand if the dung beetle assembly process is mediated by particular traits in Gómez, V.C.; Verdú, J.R.; Casanoves, different dung types. Species specific dung preferences were recorded for eight species, two of which F.; Zunino, M. Dung Beetle Assemblages Attracted to Cow and prefer horse dung and six of which prefer cow dung. -
A Novel Trap Design for Non-Lethal Monitoring of Dung Beetles Using
Journal of Insect Conservation (2021) 25:629–642 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-021-00329-4 ORIGINAL PAPER A novel trap design for non‑lethal monitoring of dung beetles using eDNA metabarcoding Leandro Camila1 · Dejean Tony2 · Valentini Alice2 · Jean Pauline2 · Jay‑Robert Pierre1 Received: 2 March 2020 / Accepted: 4 June 2021 / Published online: 21 June 2021 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 Abstract The current biodiversity crisis calls for rapid and wide-ranging surveys to assess living organisms. However, some taxa are more elusive than others, making monitoring challenging. This is the case for soil invertebrates, but new molecular technologies such as eDNA metabarcoding could help to alleviate this problem. In this study, we evaluated the feasibil- ity of using an eDNA approach to survey dung beetles, adapting existing monitoring methods for surveying dung fauna to enable eDNA collection in a non-destructive way. The main design idea is to capture species secretions and excretions from a serum-soaked nonwoven compress in a baited non-destructive trap. While the attractiveness of the device to dung beetles and the sampling protocol would beneft from further development, eDNA allowed the identifcation of more than 68% of trapped species and an identifcation of relative abundance match rate of 79%. The results of the study demonstrate the efectiveness of eDNA-based detection tools for the monitoring of dung beetles compared to standard surveying and identifcation techniques. Moreover, the adapted collecting device developed for the study could be used for similar surveys of other terrestrial invertebrates or even re-adapted. -
Scarabaeidae) in Finland (Coleoptera)
© Entomologica Fennica. 27 .VIII.1991 Abundance and distribution of coprophilous Histerini (Histeridae) and Onthophagus and Aphodius (Scarabaeidae) in Finland (Coleoptera) Olof Bistrom, Hans Silfverberg & Ilpo Rutanen Bistrom, 0., Silfverberg, H. & Rutanen, I. 1991: Abundance and distribution of coprophilous Histerini (Histeridae) and Onthophagus and Aphodius (Scarabaeidae) in Finland (Coleoptera).- Entomol. Fennica 2:53-66. The distribution and occmTence, with the time-factor taken into consideration, were monitored in Finland for the mainly dung-living histerid genera Margarinotus, Hister, and Atholus (all predators), and for the Scarabaeidae genera Onthophagus and Aphodius, in which almost all species are dung-feeders. All available records from Finland of the 54 species studied were gathered and distribution maps based on the UTM grid are provided for each species with brief comments on the occmTence of the species today. Within the Histeridae the following species showed a decline in their occurrence: Margarinotus pwpurascens, M. neglectus, Hister funestus, H. bissexstriatus and Atholus bimaculatus, and within the Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus nuchicornis, 0. gibbulus, O.fracticornis, 0 . similis , Aphodius subterraneus, A. sphacelatus and A. merdarius. The four Onthophagus species and A. sphacelatus disappeared in the 1950s and 1960s and are at present probably extinct in Finland. Changes in the agricultural ecosystems, caused by different kinds of changes in the traditional husbandry, are suggested as a reason for the decline in the occuJTence of certain vulnerable species. Olof Bistrom & Hans Si!fverberg, Finnish Museum of Natural Hist01y, Zoo logical Museum, Entomology Division, N. Jarnviigsg. 13 , SF-00100 Helsingfors, Finland llpo Rutanen, Water and Environment Research Institute, P.O. Box 250, SF- 00101 Helsinki, Finland 1. -
The Status and Distribution of the Scarab Beetles Rhysothorax Rufa and Onthophagus Nuchicornis on Welsh Dunes In
The status and distribution of the scarab beetles Rhysothorax rufa and Onthophagus nuchicornis on Welsh dunes in 2017 Ceri Watkins & Darren Mann NRW Evidence Report No. 263 D8 NRW Evidence Report No. 263 About Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales is the organisation responsible for the work carried out by the three former organisations, the Countryside Council for Wales, Environment Agency Wales and Forestry Commission Wales. It is also responsible for some functions previously undertaken by Welsh Government. Our purpose is to ensure that the natural resources of Wales are sustainably maintained, used and enhanced, now and in the future. We work for the communities of Wales to protect people and their homes as much as possible from environmental incidents like flooding and pollution. We provide opportunities for people to learn, use and benefit from Wales' natural resources. We work to support Wales' economy by enabling the sustainable use of natural resources to support jobs and enterprise. We help businesses and developers to understand and consider environmental limits when they make important decisions. We work to maintain and improve the quality of the environment for everyone and we work towards making the environment and our natural resources more resilient to climate change and other pressures. Evidence at Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales is an evidence based organisation. We seek to ensure that our strategy, decisions, operations and advice to Welsh Government and others are underpinned by sound and quality-assured evidence. We recognise that it is critically important to have a good understanding of our changing environment. We will realise this vision by: • Maintaining and developing the technical specialist skills of our staff; • Securing our data and information; • Having a well resourced proactive programme of evidence work; • Continuing to review and add to our evidence to ensure it is fit for the challenges facing us; and • Communicating our evidence in an open and transparent way. -
Victor Michelon Alves EFEITO DO USO DO SOLO NA DIVERSIDADE
Victor Michelon Alves EFEITO DO USO DO SOLO NA DIVERSIDADE E NA MORFOMETRIA DE BESOUROS ESCARABEÍNEOS Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ecologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina para a obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Ecologia. Orientadora: Prof.a Dr.a Malva Isabel Medina Hernández Florianópolis 2018 AGRADECIMENTOS À professora Malva Isabel Medina Hernández pela orientação e por todo o auxílio na confecção desta tese. À Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) pela concessão da bolsa de estudos, ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Ecologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e a todos os docentes por terem contribuído em minha formação científica e acadêmica. Ao professor Paulo Emilio Lovato (CCA/UFSC) pela coordenação do projeto “Fortalecimento das condições de produção e oferta de sementes de milho para a produção orgânica e agroecológica do Sul do Brasil” (CNPq chamada 048/13), o qual financiou meu trabalho de campo. Agradeço imensamente à cooperativa Oestebio e a todos os produtores que permitiram meu trabalho, especialmente aos que me ajudaram em campo: Anderson Munarini, Gleico Mittmann, Maicon Reginatto, Moisés Bacega, Marcelo Agudelo e Maristela Carpintero. Ao professor Jorge Miguel Lobo pela amizade e orientação durante o estágio sanduíche. Ao Museu de Ciências Naturais de Madrid por ter fornecido a infraestrutura necessária para a realização do mesmo. Agradeço também a Eva Cuesta pelo companheirismo e pelas discussões sobre as análises espectrofotométricas. À Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) pela concessão da bolsa de estudos no exterior através do projeto PVE: “Efeito comparado do clima e das mudanças no uso do solo na distribuição espacial de um grupo de insetos indicadores (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) na Mata Atlântica” (88881.068089/2014-01). -
Revue Internationale D'écologie Méditerranéenne International
00-ecol-med-vol42(1)-couv_Mise en page 1 19/09/16 16:09 Page1 (96 p) 6 1 ecologia mediterranea Vol. 42 (1) – 2016 0 2 – ) 1 Vol. 42 (1) – 2016 ( 2 ecologia Sommaire – Contents 4 . l o V . ......................................................................................... 3 Éditorial – Editorial mediterranea Les amendements du sol améliorent l’installation d’ Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. dans les régions arides du sud-est du Maroc A. H OMRANI BAKALI , C. A LEM , L. L. I CHIR , E. H. E L MZOURI . .......................................... 5 Revue internationale d’écologie méditerranéenne Effects of sowing methods on growth and root deformationsof containerized International Journal of Mediterranean Ecology cork oak ( Quercus suber L.) seedlings in nursery M. C HOUIAL , S. B ENAMIROUCHE ................................................................................ 21 Communautés végétales des dunes mobiles de la frange septentrionale et de la région orientale du Maroc K. B OURAADA , M. E SSAFI . ....................................................................................... 29 Diversité écologique du peuplement de coléoptères des écosystèmes dunaires mobiles de la frange septentrionale et de la région orientale du Maroc K. B OURAADA , G. C HAVANON , M. E SSAFI , L. E L GHADRAOUI , M. B ENJELLOUN . ...................... 39 Phytodynamique des groupements steppiques de djebel Zdimm en Algérie nord-orientale S. C HERMAT , R. G HARZOULI , Y. D JELLOULI . ................................................................... 51 Distribution of the associated species with Phlomis aurea Decne along an elevation gradient in Southern Sinai, Egypt K. H. S HALTOUT , D. A. A HMED , H. A. S HABANA ........................................................... 65 Wildfire effects on Pinus halepensis Mill. plantations in a semi-aridregion of north-eastern Algeria. A case study of Zenadia forest, Sétif A. M ADOUI , F. X. C ATRY , M. -
Quick Guide for the Identification Of
Quick Guide for the Identification of Maryland Scarabaeoidea Mallory Hagadorn Dr. Dana L. Price Department of Biological Sciences Salisbury University This document is a pictorial reference of Maryland Scarabaeoidea genera (and sometimes species) that was created to expedite the identification of Maryland Scarabs. Our current understanding of Maryland Scarabs comes from “An Annotated Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Maryland” (Staines 1984). Staines reported 266 species and subspecies using literature and review of several Maryland Museums. Dr. Price and her research students are currently conducting a bioinventory of Maryland Scarabs that will be used to create a “Taxonomic Guide to the Scarabaeoidea of Maryland”. This will include dichotomous keys to family and species based on historical reports and collections from all 23 counties in Maryland. This document should be cited as: Hagadorn, M.A. and D.L. Price. 2012. Quick Guide for the Identification of Maryland Scarabaeoidea. Salisbury University. Pp. 54. Questions regarding this document should be sent to: Dr. Dana L. Price - [email protected] **All pictures within are linked to their copyright holder. Table of Contents Families of Scarabaeoidea of Maryland……………………………………... 6 Geotrupidae……………………………………………………………………. 7 Subfamily Bolboceratinae……………………………………………… 7 Genus Bolbocerosoma………………………………………… 7 Genus Eucanthus………………………………………………. 7 Subfamily Geotrupinae………………………………………………… 8 Genus Geotrupes………………………………………………. 8 Genus Odonteus...……………………………………………… 9 Glaphyridae.............................................................................................. -
ABSTRACT FOWLER, FALLON ELISE. How Dung
ABSTRACT FOWLER, FALLON ELISE. How Dung Beetles affect Dung-Generated Greenhouse Gases in Cattle Pastures: Experimental Studies and Literature Review. (Under the direction of Dr. David W. Watson). Humans are accelerating climate change through the overuse, replacement, and destruction of native ecosystems – the very entities that regulate the world’s greenhouse gases (GHGs). With such a burgeoning population it becomes more imperative to find ways that promote healthy habitats through biodiversity and sustainability. While this research is no substitute for more impactful strategies, such as resource conservation (i.e. flexitarian diets, fossil fuel reduction), ecosystem restoration (e.g. afforestation, desertification renovation), and green practices (e.g. solar energy, food waste reduction, elimination of single-use plastics); my goal is to address some of climate science’s concerns with animal agriculture. This research demonstrates how effective and robust dung beetle populations can influence the dung and soil microbes that regulate GHG pathways in cattle-based pastures. Chapter 1 discusses the various dung beetle collection methodologies and their purposes to better understand their guild-level advantages, limitations, and survival rates when using mass-scale flotation and self-sorting techniques for dung beetles. Chapter 2 discusses the various GHG chamber designs and extraction methods, and proposes a unique chamber design and methodology (the “mobile” GHG chamber) accompanied by step-by-step building instructions, required items and costs, advantage-disadvantage lists, and how-to guides on standard curve creation, vial blanking (purging), and standard operating procedure. Both Chapters 1 and 2 represent the underlying methodology and internal validation experiments that form the basis of Chapters 3, 4, and 5. -
Abhnadlungen Aus Dem Westfälischen Museum Für
LWL-Museum für Naturkunde Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium Abhandlungen aus dem Westfälischen Museum für Naturkunde 86. Band · 2017 Beiträge zur Entomofauna Nordrhein-Westfalens (Insecta: Coleoptera, Saltatoria) Karsten Hannig (Hrsg.) LWL-Museum für Naturkunde Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe Münster 2017 ISBN 978-3-940726-50-6 ISSN 0175-3495 Hinweise für Autoren In den Abhandlungen aus dem Westfälischen Museum für Naturkunde werden natur- wissenschaftliche Beiträge veröffentlicht, die den Raum Westfalen und angrenzende Regionen betreffen. Die Autoren werden gebeten, Manuskripte als WORD-Dokument per mail oder auf CD an das LWL-Museum für Naturkunde zu senden: Schriftleitung „Abhandlungen“ Dr. Bernd Tenbergen LWL-Museum für Naturkunde Sentruper Straße 285 48161 Münster [email protected] Das Manuskript sollte folgenden Aufbau haben: Überschrift, darunter Name (ausge- schrieben) und Wohnort des Autors, Inhaltsverzeichnis, kurze Zusammenfassung in deutscher und ggf. englischer Sprache, klar gegliederter Hauptteil, Literaturverzeichnis (Autoren alphabetisch geordnet), Anschrift des Verfassers. Lateinische Art- und Gattungs- namen sind kursiv zu schreiben. Alle Autorennamen im Text sowie im Literaturverzeichnis sind in Kapitälchen (z. B. RUNGE, F. (1976)) zu schreiben. Alle Tabellen und Abbildungen (Karten, Zeichnungen, Fotos) müssen eine Verkleinerung auf Satzspiegelgröße (12,6 x 19,8 cm) zulassen. Sie sollten als druckfertige pdf- und/oder Bild-Dateien eingereicht werden. Alle Abbildungen und Tabellen sind zusammen mit den Bildunterschriften bzw. Tabellenüberschriften nicht nur im Text eingebunden, sonderen auch als gesonderte Datei beizufügen. Fotos sind möglichst digital (Auflösung 300 dpi) oder in schwarzweißen Hochglanzab- zügen vorzulegen. Bei Farbaufnahmen sollte darauf geachtet werden, dass diese in der Regel schwarzweiß gedruckt werden. Das Literaturverzeichnis ist nach folgendem Muster anzufertigen: IMMEL, W. -
Novel Insights Through the Study of Onthophagus Beetles
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Developmental regulation and evolution of scaling: novel insights through the study of Onthophagus beetles Sofia Casasa, Daniel B Schwab and Armin P Moczek Scaling relationships play critical roles in defining biological transformed in evolution [1]. At the same time, scaling shape, trait functionality, and species characteristics, yet the relationships are highly dependent on biological context, developmental basis of scaling and its evolution remain poorly and as such their study can provide a window into the resolved in most taxa. In the horned beetle genus biology of said contexts. For instance, in most sexually Onthophagus, scaling relationships of most traits are largely reproducing organisms sexual dimorphism is the leading comparable across many species, however, the morphology source of intraspecific variation, brought about to a signifi- and scaling of horns, a recent evolutionary invention, has cant degree through sex-specific changes in the scaling of diversified dramatically, ranging from modestly to highly otherwise homologous body parts [2]. Similarly, environ- positively linear to more complex sigmoidal allometries. mental conditions such as nutrition, crowding, or season Through a series of transcriptomic screens and gene function commonly impact how much developing organisms invest assays, the doublesex, hedgehog, insulin, and serotonin into specific structures, enabling adaptive changes in signaling pathways have recently been implicated in the shape and scaling as a -
Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) and the Separation of Dynastini and Oryctini
Chromosome analyses challenge the taxonomic position of Augosoma centaurus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) and the separation of Dynastini and Oryctini Anne-Marie DUTRILLAUX Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, UMR 7205-OSEB, case postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Zissis MAMURIS University of Thessaly, Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 41221 Larissa (Greece) Bernard DUTRILLAUX Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, UMR 7205-OSEB, case postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Dutrillaux A.-M., Mamuris Z. & Dutrillaux B. 2013. — Chromosome analyses challenge the taxonomic position of Augosoma centaurus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) and the separation of Dynastini and Oryctini. Zoosystema 35 (4): 537-549. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2013n4a7 ABSTRACT Augosoma centaurus Fabricius, 1775 (Melolonthidae: Dynastinae), one of the largest Scarabaeoid beetles of the Ethiopian Region, is classified in the tribe Dynastini MacLeay, 1819, principally on the basis of morphological characters of the male: large frontal and pronotal horns, and enlargement of fore legs. With the exception of A. centaurus, the 62 species of this tribe belong to ten genera grouped in Oriental plus Australasian and Neotropical regions. We performed cytogenetic studies of A. centaurus and several Asian and Neotropical species of Dynastini, in addition to species belonging to other sub-families of Melolonthidae Leach, 1819 and various tribes of Dynastinae MacLeay, 1819: Oryctini Mulsant, 1842, Phileurini Burmeister, 1842, Pentodontini Mulsant, 1842 and Cyclocephalini Laporte de Castelnau, 1840. The karyotypes of most species were fairly alike, composed of 20 chromosomes, including 18 meta- or sub-metacentric autosomes, one acrocentric or sub-metacentric X-chromosome, and one punctiform Y-chromosome, as that of their presumed common ancestor.