Physical Charaterization of Red Blood Cell Aggregation Daniel Amadeus Dominic Flormann
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The National Drugs List
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Effect of Intake of Food Hydrocolloids of Bacterial Origin on the Glycemic Response in Humans: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
nutrients Review Effect of Intake of Food Hydrocolloids of Bacterial Origin on the Glycemic Response in Humans: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis Norah A. Alshammari 1,2, Moira A. Taylor 3, Rebecca Stevenson 4 , Ourania Gouseti 5, Jaber Alyami 6 , Syahrizal Muttakin 7,8, Serafim Bakalis 5, Alison Lovegrove 9, Guruprasad P. Aithal 2 and Luca Marciani 2,* 1 Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 2 Translational Medical Sciences and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; [email protected] 3 Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; [email protected] 4 Precision Imaging Beacon, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; [email protected] 5 Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Copenhagen, Denmark; [email protected] (O.G.); [email protected] (S.B.) 6 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 7 Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Jakarta 12540, Indonesia; Citation: Alshammari, N.A.; [email protected] Taylor, M.A.; Stevenson, R.; 8 School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Gouseti, O.; Alyami, J.; Muttakin, S.; 9 Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK; [email protected] Bakalis, S.; Lovegrove, A.; Aithal, G.P.; * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-115-823-1248 Marciani, L. -
Differential Effects of the Poly (ADP-Ribose)Polymerase (PARP
British Journal of Cancer (2001) 84(1), 106–112 © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign doi: 10.1054/ bjoc.2000.1555, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on http://www.bjcancer.com Differential effects of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor NU1025 on topoisomerase I and II inhibitor cytotoxicity in L1210 cells in vitro KJ Bowman*, DR Newell, AH Calvert and NJ Curtin Cancer Research Unit, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK Summary The potent novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, NU1025, enhances the cytotoxicity of DNA-methylating agents and ionizing radiation by inhibiting DNA repair. We report here an investigation of the role of PARP in the cellular responses to inhibitors of topoisomerase I and II using NU1025. The cytotoxicity of the topoisomerase I inhibitor, camptothecin, was increased 2.6-fold in L1210 cells by co-incubation with NU1025. Camptothecin-induced DNA strand breaks were also increased 2.5-fold by NU1025 and exposure to camptothecin-activated PARP. In contrast, NU1025 did not increase the DNA strand breakage or cytotoxicity caused by the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide. Exposure to etoposide did not activate PARP even at concentrations that caused significant levels of apoptosis. Taken together, these data suggest that potentiation of camptothecin cytotoxicity by NU1025 is a direct result of increased DNA strand breakage, and that activation of PARP by camptothecin-induced DNA damage contributes to its repair and consequently cell survival. However, in L1210 cells at least, it would appear that PARP is not involved in the cellular response to etoposide-mediated DNA damage. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0028333 A1 Piatesi Et Al
US 20120028333A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0028333 A1 Piatesi et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 2, 2012 (54) USE OF ENZYMES TO REDUCE ALDEHYDES (30) Foreign Application Priority Data FROMALDEHYDE-CONTAINING PRODUCTS Apr. 7, 2009 (EP) .................................. O9157522.5 Publication Classification (76) Inventors: Andrea Piatesi, Mannheim (DE); (51) Int. Cl. Tilo Habicher, Speyer (DE); CI2N 9/02 (2006.01) Michael Bischel, Worms (DE); CI2N I/00 (2006.01) Li-Wen Wang, Mannheim (DE): CI2N 15/63 (2006.01) Jirgen Reichert, Limburgerhof A62D 3/02 (2007.01) (DE); Rainer Packe-Wirth, C7H 2L/04 (2006.01) Trostberg (DE); Kai-Uwe (52) U.S. Cl. ... 435/189: 435/262:536/23.2:435/320.1; Baldenius, Heidelberg (DE); Erich 435/243 Kromm, Weisenheim am Sand (57) ABSTRACT (DE); Stefan Häfner, Speyer (DE); Carsten Schwalb. Mannheim (DE); The invention relates to the use of an enzyme preparation Hans Wolfgang Höffken, which catalyzes the degradation of formaldehyde for reduc Ludwigshafen (DE) ing the formaldehyde content in a formaldehyde-containing formulation. In a preferred embodiment, the enzyme prepa ration contains a formaldehyde dismutase from a Pseudomo (21) Appl. No.: 13/262,662 nas putida Strain. Further, the invention refers to a process for reducing the formaldehyde content in cross-linking agents for textile finishing or in polymer dispersions used, e.g. in con (22) PCT Filed: Mar. 31, 2010 struction chemistry. Further the invention relates to the use of an enzyme preparation which catalyzes the degradation of (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP1OAS4284 aldehydes for reducing the formaldehyde content in an alde hyde-containing formulation. -
(Haemagel) Versus 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 200/0.5 (Haes-Steril) for Plasma Volume Expansion in Critically-Ill Patients Magdy Ali Omera, MD* , Salah A
Alexandria Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 44 Autoclaved Gelatin (Haemagel) Versus 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 200/0.5 (Haes-steril) For Plasma Volume Expansion In Critically-ill Patients Magdy Ali Omera, MD* , Salah A. Ismail, MD* * Assistant Prof. of Anaesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University. ABSTRACT Synthetic colloids are used to optimize hemodynamics in the critically ill patients and a debate about the most suitable one is still present. The influence of short term infusion of autoclaved gelatin (Haemagel) and 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (Haes-steril) on hemodynamic, respiratory, coagulation, renal and oncotic parameters were examined in a prospective randomized study. Method: Thirty patients suffering from systemic hypoperfusion due to sepsis in ICU of Suez Canal University Hospital were assigned into 2 equal groups. In GEL group: 1000 ml of Haemagel was infused within an hour, while in HES group: 1000 ml of 6% Haes-steril 200/0.5 was given within an hour. The hemodynamic, respiratory, hematological, coagulation, renal and colloidal osmotic pressure parameters were recorded before and after infusion of both colloids. Results: There was a significant similar increase in hemodynamic variables (Mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac index, stroke volume index and left ventricular stroke work index) in both groups. Also, a significant improvement in tissue perfusion as judged by decreased arterial lactate was found. There were no significant differences in any of the measured respiratory parameters (respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation, arterial blood gases and intrapulmonary shunt) in the studied groups. No significant intergroup difference in any haemodynamic or respiratory variable was demonstrated. -
Clinical Pharmacology of Infusion Fluids
Clinical pharmacology of infusion fluids Robert G. Hahn Linköping University Post Print N.B.: When citing this work, cite the original article. Original Publication: Robert G. Hahn , Clinical pharmacology of infusion fluids, 2012, Acta Medica Lituanica, (19), 3. Licencee: Lithuanian Academy of Sciences http://www.lmaleidykla.lt/ojs/index.php/actamedicalituanica/index Postprint available at: Linköping University Electronic Press http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91319 ACTA MEDICA LITUANICA. 2012. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 210–212 © Lietuvos mokslų akademija, 2012 Clinical pharmacology of infusion fluids Robert G. Hahn Fluids are used for intravenous infusion during practically all surgeries, but several different compositions are available on the market. Södertälje Hospital, Crystalloid fluids comprise lactated or acetated Ringer solutions, nor- Södertälje, Sweden; mal saline, Plasma-Lyte, hypertonic saline, and glucose. They lack allergic Anaesthesia and properties but are prone to cause peripheral tissue oedema. Their turn- Intensive Care, over is governed by physiological factors such as dehydration and drug Linköping University, effects. Sweden Colloid fluids include hydroxyethyl starch, albumin, dextran, and gela- tin. These fluids have various degrees of allergic properties and do not promote peripheral oedema. Their half-life is usually about hours. Factors increasing the turnover rate are poorly known but might include inflam- matory states. Current debates include the widespread use of normal saline, which should be replaced by Ringer’s or Plasma-Lyte in most situations, and the kidney damage associated with the use of starch in septic patients. New studies show that hypertonic saline does not improve survival or neuro- logical damage in prehospital care. -
Selection of Cryoprotectant in Lyophilization of Progesterone-Loaded Stearic Acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
pharmaceutics Article Selection of Cryoprotectant in Lyophilization of Progesterone-Loaded Stearic Acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Timothy M. Amis, Jwala Renukuntla, Pradeep Kumar Bolla and Bradley A. Clark * Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, NC 27268, USA; [email protected] (T.M.A.); [email protected] (J.R.); [email protected] (P.K.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-336-841-9665 Received: 18 August 2020; Accepted: 16 September 2020; Published: 19 September 2020 Abstract: Cryoprotectants are often required in lyophilization to reduce or eliminate agglomeration of solute or suspended materials. The aim of this study was to select a cryoprotecting agent and optimize its concentration in a solid lipid nanoparticle formulation. Progesterone-loaded stearic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SA-P SLNs) were prepared by hot homogenization with high speed mixing and sonication. The stearic acid content was 4.6% w/w and progesterone was 0.46% w/w of the initial formulation. Multiple surfactants were evaluated, and a lecithin and sodium taurocholate system was chosen. Three concentrations of surfactant were then evaluated, and a concentration of 2% w/w was chosen based on particle size, polydispersity, and zeta potential. Agglomeration of SA-P SLNs after lyophilization was observed as measured by increased particle size. Dextran, glycine, mannitol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sorbitol, and trehalose were evaluated as cryoprotectants by both an initial freeze–thaw analysis and after lyophilization. Once selected as the cryoprotectant, trehalose was evaluated at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% for optimal concentration, with 20% trehalose being finally selected as the level of choice. -
Impaired Deformability of Erythrocytes and Neutrophils in Children with Newly Diagnosed Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetologia (1999) 42: 865±869 Ó Springer-Verlag 1999 Impaired deformability of erythrocytes and neutrophils in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus O. Linderkamp1,P.Ruef1, E.P. Zilow1, G.F. Hoffmann2 1 Department of Paediatrics, University of Heidelberg, Germany 2 Department of Paediatrics, University of Marburg, Germany Abstract than in healthy children (3 ± 2%). Deformability of passive neutrophils was greatly decreased in the chil- Aims/hypothesis. Abnormal rheological properties of dren with onset diabetes and moderately reduced in erythrocytes, leucocytes and plasma may have a role the diabetic children who were treated with insulin. in the development of diabetic microangiopathy. We Neutrophil deformation (r = ±0.52) and erythrocyte hypothesized that changed haemorrheological vari- deformation at 0.6 Pa (r = ±0.62) were inversely relat- ables may already be found in children with onset di- ed to haemoglobin A1c. Haematocrit and blood vis- abetes. cosity were increased in the untreated children and Methods. Erythrocyte deformation (rheoscope), neu- in the children treated with insulin for 5 to 8 years. trophil deformation (micropipette), erythrocyte ag- Plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation were gregation, blood and plasma viscosity were measured similar in the three groups of children. in 15 children with insulin-dependent diabetes melli- Conclusion/interpretation. Decreased erythrocyte de- tus before initiation of insulin treatment and 4 to formation at low shear force, increased count of ac- 6 weeks later, 15 diabetic children treated with insulin tive neutrophils and impaired deformability of pas- for 5 to 8 years, 15 healthy children and 15 healthy sive neutrophils may increase the risk for acute cere- adults. -
Effects of Red Blood Cell Aggregation on Microparticle Margination in Human Blood
Effects of Red Blood Cell Aggregation on Microparticle Margination in Human Blood Mark Stroobach Supervised By: Prof. Marianne Fenech Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Applied Science in Biomedical Engineering Degree University of Ottawa Ottawa, Ontario, Canada © Mark Stroobach, Ottawa, Canada, 2017 Abstract Margination is the migration of particles in a channel towards the outer walls of the channel. In blood microcirculation, studying the margination of microparticles is important to understand platelet migration and the kinetics of drug delivery. Many new topics in drug delivery research examine the slow release of drugs through micro particles, such as micelles. The margination of such drug carriers is related to tissue absorption and, consequently, to the efficiency of drug delivery. We hypothesized that the intensity of red blood cell (RBC) aggregation will change the level of margination in a cylindrical channel. RBC aggregation is the reversible process of RBCs clumping together over time, under low fluid shear rate. A higher level of aggregation means that this clumping occurs more quickly. The goal of this thesis is to design an experiment that measures the level margination of microparticles and the effect that RBC aggregation has on margination, in a controlled in vitro environment. Fluorescent microparticles were added to human blood preparations. The aggregation properties of the blood preparation were modulated by the addition of a macromolecule (Dextran 500). The blood preparations were injected into PDMS microfluidic devices that were modified to have circular channels in order to better mimic the geometry of physiological microcirculation. We designed a circular microchannel that worked to capture the marginating microparticles and it was found that the level of margination of the microparticles increased with an increase in aggregation of the RBCs. -
6) Dextran Antibody → Behavior of an Anti
Position Effects of Variable Region Carbohydrate on the Affinity and In Vivo Behavior of an Anti-(1→6) Dextran Antibody This information is current as M. Josefina Coloma, Ryan K. Trinh, Alexander R. Martinez of September 27, 2021. and Sherie L. Morrison J Immunol 1999; 162:2162-2170; ; http://www.jimmunol.org/content/162/4/2162 Downloaded from References This article cites 45 articles, 14 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/162/4/2162.full#ref-list-1 Why The JI? Submit online. http://www.jimmunol.org/ • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication *average by guest on September 27, 2021 Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 1999 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. Position Effects of Variable Region Carbohydrate on the Affinity and In Vivo Behavior of an Anti-(136) Dextran Antibody1 M. Josefina Coloma, Ryan K. Trinh, Alexander R. Martinez, and Sherie L. Morrison2 IgG is a glycoprotein with an N-linked carbohydrate structure attached to the CH2 domain of each of its heavy chains. -
Coagulation Effects of Mannitol in Combination with 0.9% Normal Saline Or Hydroxyethyl Starch in Patients Undergoing Supratentorial Craniotomy: a Preliminary Report
Original Article Coagulation effects of mannitol in combination with 0.9% normal saline or hydroxyethyl starch in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy: A preliminary report Hemanshu Prabhakar, Gyaninder Pal Singh, Parmod Kumar Bithal, Mani Kalaivani1 Abstract Background: Neurosurgical patients often require administration of both, mannitol and hydroxyethyl starch (HES). A recent in vitro study demonstrated that HES in combination with mannitol could disturb coagulation parameters and should be avoided in neurosurgical practice. The aim of our study was to evaluate coagulation abnormalities due to mannitol when administered alone and in combination with HES in patients undergoing craniotomy for various intracranial brain tumours. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 30 adult patients undergoing craniotomy. Patients were randomised into two groups using a computer generated randomisation chart. Interventions: Group A: Patients received 10 ml/kg 0.9% normal saline and 1 g/kg mannitol and Group B: Patients received 10 ml/kg, HES 130/0.4, and 1 gm/kg mannitol; immediately after induction of general anaesthesia. Rotational thromboelastography was done immediately after induction of general anaesthesia and 5 min after administration of mannitol. Measured parameters of blood coagulation were clotting time (CT) and clot formation time (CFT) with EXTEM and maximum clot firmness (MCF) with EXTEM and (FIBTEM). Results: Fourteen patients in each group completed the study. Insignificant change was noted in CT; CFT altered significantly from the baseline in both the groups (P < 0.05). MCF with FIBTEM did not change significantly from baseline (P > 0.05), but significantly differed between groups (P = 0.001). However, all values were in normal range. -
Mean Red Cell and Platelet Volume and Blood Cells Aggregation in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Research Article Clinics in Surgery Published: 19 Jul, 2018 Mean Red Cell and Platelet Volume and Blood Cells Aggregation in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Grigory Ya Levin*, Alexandra N Popovicheva, Larisa N Sosnina, El’vira N Fedulova and Yury A Sheremet’ev Department of Gravitation Surgery and Hemodialysis, Federal State Budgetary Institution of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Russia Abstract Background: It has been discussed in literature whether platelet and erythrocyte indexes can serve as biomarkers of activity of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). However, how these indexes influence functional properties of platelets and erythrocytes, primarily their aggregation capacity in children with IBD, remains unclear. Objectives: The objective of the present research was to study the association between the changes in platelet and erythrocyte indexes (MPV, PDW, MCV, and RDW) blood cells aggregation during the course of therapy of children with IBD. Methods: The study included 50 patients of both sex ages 6 to 17, 25 patients with UC, and 25 patients with CD. The diagnosis was based on a complex examination including endoscopic examination of the intestinal mucosa with a morphological analysis of biopsies. Spontaneous (shear-induced) aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes was studied using a rheoscope designed according to the method. Results: It was shown that the mean platelet volume and the Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) significantly decrease at IBD, whilst Erythrocyte Distribution Width (RDW) and mean erythrocyte OPEN ACCESS volume increase. A strong correlation between RDW and IBD severity as well as a negative correlation *Correspondence: between MPV and IBD severity were revealed. For the first time it has been established that, with Levin Grigory Yakovlevich, a reduced volume, platelets and erythrocytes retain their functional properties, in particular their Department of Gravitation Surgery and aggregation activity.