United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,723,281 Segall Et Al

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,723,281 Segall Et Al US005723281A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,723,281 Segall et al. 45 Date of Patent: Mar. 3, 1998 54 PLASMA-LIKE SUBSTANCE Fischer et al. "Flush Solution 2. A New Concept for One -to-Three Day Hypothermic Renal Storage Preservation” 75) Inventors: Paul E. Segall; Harold D. Waitz: Hal Transplantation (1985) 39(2):122-126. Sternberg; Judith M. Segall, all of Kallerhoff et al., "Effects of Preservation Conditions and Berkeley, Calif. Temperature on Tissue Acidification in Canine Kidneys" Transplantation (1985) 39(5):485-489. 73) Assignee: BioTime, Inc., Berkeley, Calif. Ross et al. "72-HR Canine Kidney Preservation Without Continuous Perfusion' Transplantation (1976) (21) Appl. No.: 471,396 21(6):498-501. (22 Filed: Jun. 6, 1995 Sprung et al., "Effects of Acute Hypothermia and b-Adren ergic Receptor Blockade on Serum Potassium Concentration Related U.S. Application Data in Rats' Critical Care Medicine (1991), 19(12):1545-51. Wall et al., "Simple Hypothermic Preservation for Trans 60 Division of Ser. No. 133,527, Oct. 7, 1993, abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 71533, Jun, 4, porting Human Livers Long Distances for Transplantation” 1993, Pat. No. 5,407,428. Transplantation (1977) 23(3):210-216. (51) Int. Cl. ................. A01N 1/00; A61K 31/715; Primary Examiner-Leon B. Lankford, Jr. A61K 31/72: A61K 47/36 Assistant Examiner-Francisco C. Prats 52 U.S. Cl. ............................ 435/12; 435/1.1; 435/1.3; Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Karl Bozicevic; Bozicevic & 514/54; 514/59; 514/60; 424/717 Reed, LLP; Bret Field 58) Field of Search ............................... 435/1.1, 1.2, 1.3: 514/54, 59, 60; 424/717 57 ABSTRACT An artificial plasma-like substance having at least one water (56) References Cited soluble polysaccharide oncotic agent selected from the U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS group consisting of high molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch, dextran 3.356,570 12/1967 Butcher. 3,758,382 9/1973 Knorpp. 40 and dextran 70, and albumin which is buffered by lactate 4,663,166 5/1987 Veech. and has a pre-administration pH of between 5 and 6.5 is 4,923,442 5/1990 Segall et al. .............................. 604/52 disclosed. Also disclosed is an artificial plasma-like solution 5,130.230 7/1992 Segall et al. having at least two water soluble polysaccharide oncotic agents one of which is eliminated from the circulation OTHER PUBLICATIONS slowly and the other of which is eliminated from the Belzer et al., "Combination Perfusion-Cold Storage for circulation quickly. Supplimentation of the plasma-like solu Optimum Cadaver Kidney Function and Utilization" Trans tion with certain ions is described. A system for adminis plantation (1985) 39(2):118-121. tration of the plasma-like solution to a subject wherein the Bishop et al., "Evaluation of Hypertonic Citrate Flushing system comprises a first and second solution each having Solution for Kidney Preservation Using the Isolated Per particular buffers is described. The plasma-like solution fused Rat Kidney" Transplantation (1978) 25(5):235-239. including cryoprotective adducts is also disclosed. The use Carpenter et al., J. Dairy Sci. (1990) 73:3627-3636. of the plasma-like solution in organ transplant, novel che Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods, 15th Ed., motherapy procedures, and tissue, organ and organism cryo (1974), Davidsohn et al (eds.) Appendix 3, pp. 1376-1382. preservation are also disclosed. Collins, "Hypothermic Kidney Storage" Transplant Proc. (1977) 9(3):1529-1534. 11 Claims, No Drawings 5,723,281 1 2 PLASMA-LKE SUBSTANCE those of the solutions of the present invention. In addition, the electrolyte and ion concentrations differ markedly from CROSS-REFERENCES those disclosed for the present invention. Segall et al. Federation Proceedings 44(3):623. (1985) This application is a divisional of our application Ser. No. 5 disclose that a Ringer's lactate-based heparinized blood 08/133,527, filed Oct. 7, 1993, now abandoned, which is a substitute containing 6% dextran 40 was used to lower the continuation-in-part application Ser. No. 08/071.533, filed body temperature of hamsters prior to the circulation of Jun. 4, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5407,428 to which we cold-protective solutions, which are not disclosed, for 1 to claim priority under 35 USC S 120 and which are incorpo 1.5 hours. rated herein by reference in their entirety. Segall et al. (1987) Federation Proceedings, page 1338, FIELD OF THE INVENTION disclose that a blood substitute, which included dextrose (180 mg/dl) and 25 mM HEPES, was used to perfuse a dog The invention relates to the field of plasma-like solutions to 3 degrees C. when perfusion was stopped entirely. There which may be used to treat hypovolemic subjects or to is no disclosure of the complete composition of the blood substitute for the blood or plasma of a subject. 15 substitute. Segall et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,923.442 and the reissue BACKGROUND thereof disclose a number of solutions used in blood sub Perfusion solutions and blood substitutes are known. The stitution of living subjects all of which include at least some blood substitutes of Collins et al. Kidney preservation for concentration of a cardioplegia agent, usually potassium ion. transplantation. Lancet 1219-1222 (1969); Collins G. M., 20 Segall et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4.923.442 also discloses surgical Hypothermic kidney storage. Transplant. Proc. I:1529 methods, particularly in respect to instrument placement and (1977); Filcher et al. Flush solution 2. a new concept for one the control of pulmonary wedge pressure generally appli to three day hypothermic renal storage preservation. Trans cable to perfusion of subjects. U.S. Pat. No. 4,923.442 and plantation 39:2, 122-126 (1985); Robs et al. 72-hour canine 25 its reissue are incorporated herein by reference. kidney preservation without continuous perfusion. Trans Segall et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,130.230 discloses a blood plantation 21:498 (1976); Sacks et al. Transplantation substitute which may be used as a system of solutions in 19:283 (1974) and Kallerhoff et al. Effects of the preserva which a number of solutions, in some embodiments two tion conditions and temperature on tissue acidification in solutions and in other embodiments four solutions, are used canine kidneys. Transplantation 39:5, 485-489 (1985) all 30 sequentially to completely replace the blood of living sub consist only of low molecular weight molecules that readily jects. In one of the embodiments, one of the solutions, traverse the capillary bed of the subject and thus are gen identified as the recovery solution, of a four solution system erally incapable of maintaining proper ionic or fluid balance is disclosed as having, in addition to several dissolved salts or plasma volume when used in an intact mammalian and other constituents, dissolved potassium chloride in a subject. 35 concentration range of 0 to 10 mM. In describing the blood Klebanoff and Phillips. Cryobiology6:121-125 (1969) substitute, the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 5,130.230 disclosed hypothermic asanguinous perfusion of dogs with discloses that the blood substitute comprises "an aqueous 11 of 15 subjects surviving up to 95 minutes when perfused solution of electrolytes at physiological concentration, a with buffered Ringer's lactate at 7.1 to 16 degrees C. macromolecular oncotic agent, a biological buffer having a (44.8-60.8 degrees F). Those blood substitutes that have an buffering capacity in the range of physiological pH. simple impermeable substance to maintain volume use human nutritive sugar or sugars, magnesium ion in a concentration serum albumin or a mixture of plasma proteins, as the sufficient to substitute for the flux of calcium across cell impermeate molecule to maintain blood volume. These are membranes. The blood substitute also includes the forgoing disclosed in Wallet al. Simple hypothermic preservation for solution and a cardioplegia agent such as potassium ion in a transporting human livers long distances for transplantation, 45 concentration sufficient to prevent or arrest cardiac fibrilla Transplantation, 23:210 (1977); Belzer et al., Combination tion.” Thus potassium ion at physiological concentration is perfusion-cold storage for optimum cadaver kidney function part of the base solution of the disclosed blood substitute. and utilization, Transplantation 39:2, 118-121, (1985). The specification also discloses that concentration of cations Haff et al. Journal of Surgical Research 19:1, 13-19 including MgH, Ca++ and K+ in excess of that normally (1975) describe the asanguineous hypothermic perfusion of 50 found in mammalian blood are suitable for exerting a dogs using two solutions: the first, a flush solution com cardioplegia effect. Lastly the specification discloses that the prised of pooled delipidated homologous plasma and blood substitute may be used as a blood volume expander electrolytes, and the second comprised of pooled delipidated and that "(f)urthermore if the blood substitute according to homologous plasma, electrolytes and additional potassium the invention is used as a blood volume expander in a subject chloride at a concentration of 10 milliBquivalents/liter 55 at non-hypothermic temperatures, the cardioplegia agent (mEq/1). Haffetal also disclose the use of a pulsatile pump described . will generally be omitted so that normal oxygenator and hypothermic perfusion with their solutions cardiac function can be maintained." From the forgoing it is and suggest that the procedures could be used for long clear that the blood substitute when used as a blood volume distance transport of cadaver organ donors and as an alter expander at normal body temperatures contains K+ at physi native to hypothermic circulatory arrest for blood-free intri ological concentrations but not in concentrations sufficient cate Surgery. to cause cardioplegia.
Recommended publications
  • The National Drugs List
    ^ ^ ^ ^ ^[ ^ The National Drugs List Of Syrian Arab Republic Sexth Edition 2006 ! " # "$ % &'() " # * +$, -. / & 0 /+12 3 4" 5 "$ . "$ 67"5,) 0 " /! !2 4? @ % 88 9 3: " # "$ ;+<=2 – G# H H2 I) – 6( – 65 : A B C "5 : , D )* . J!* HK"3 H"$ T ) 4 B K<) +$ LMA N O 3 4P<B &Q / RS ) H< C4VH /430 / 1988 V W* < C A GQ ") 4V / 1000 / C4VH /820 / 2001 V XX K<# C ,V /500 / 1992 V "!X V /946 / 2004 V Z < C V /914 / 2003 V ) < ] +$, [2 / ,) @# @ S%Q2 J"= [ &<\ @ +$ LMA 1 O \ . S X '( ^ & M_ `AB @ &' 3 4" + @ V= 4 )\ " : N " # "$ 6 ) G" 3Q + a C G /<"B d3: C K7 e , fM 4 Q b"$ " < $\ c"7: 5) G . HHH3Q J # Hg ' V"h 6< G* H5 !" # $%" & $' ,* ( )* + 2 ا اوا ادو +% 5 j 2 i1 6 B J' 6<X " 6"[ i2 "$ "< * i3 10 6 i4 11 6! ^ i5 13 6<X "!# * i6 15 7 G!, 6 - k 24"$d dl ?K V *4V h 63[46 ' i8 19 Adl 20 "( 2 i9 20 G Q) 6 i10 20 a 6 m[, 6 i11 21 ?K V $n i12 21 "% * i13 23 b+ 6 i14 23 oe C * i15 24 !, 2 6\ i16 25 C V pq * i17 26 ( S 6) 1, ++ &"r i19 3 +% 27 G 6 ""% i19 28 ^ Ks 2 i20 31 % Ks 2 i21 32 s * i22 35 " " * i23 37 "$ * i24 38 6" i25 39 V t h Gu* v!* 2 i26 39 ( 2 i27 40 B w< Ks 2 i28 40 d C &"r i29 42 "' 6 i30 42 " * i31 42 ":< * i32 5 ./ 0" -33 4 : ANAESTHETICS $ 1 2 -1 :GENERAL ANAESTHETICS AND OXYGEN 4 $1 2 2- ATRACURIUM BESYLATE DROPERIDOL ETHER FENTANYL HALOTHANE ISOFLURANE KETAMINE HCL NITROUS OXIDE OXYGEN PROPOFOL REMIFENTANIL SEVOFLURANE SUFENTANIL THIOPENTAL :LOCAL ANAESTHETICS !67$1 2 -5 AMYLEINE HCL=AMYLOCAINE ARTICAINE BENZOCAINE BUPIVACAINE CINCHOCAINE LIDOCAINE MEPIVACAINE OXETHAZAINE PRAMOXINE PRILOCAINE PREOPERATIVE MEDICATION & SEDATION FOR 9*: ;< " 2 -8 : : SHORT -TERM PROCEDURES ATROPINE DIAZEPAM INJ.
    [Show full text]
  • (Haemagel) Versus 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 200/0.5 (Haes-Steril) for Plasma Volume Expansion in Critically-Ill Patients Magdy Ali Omera, MD* , Salah A
    Alexandria Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 44 Autoclaved Gelatin (Haemagel) Versus 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 200/0.5 (Haes-steril) For Plasma Volume Expansion In Critically-ill Patients Magdy Ali Omera, MD* , Salah A. Ismail, MD* * Assistant Prof. of Anaesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University. ABSTRACT Synthetic colloids are used to optimize hemodynamics in the critically ill patients and a debate about the most suitable one is still present. The influence of short term infusion of autoclaved gelatin (Haemagel) and 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (Haes-steril) on hemodynamic, respiratory, coagulation, renal and oncotic parameters were examined in a prospective randomized study. Method: Thirty patients suffering from systemic hypoperfusion due to sepsis in ICU of Suez Canal University Hospital were assigned into 2 equal groups. In GEL group: 1000 ml of Haemagel was infused within an hour, while in HES group: 1000 ml of 6% Haes-steril 200/0.5 was given within an hour. The hemodynamic, respiratory, hematological, coagulation, renal and colloidal osmotic pressure parameters were recorded before and after infusion of both colloids. Results: There was a significant similar increase in hemodynamic variables (Mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac index, stroke volume index and left ventricular stroke work index) in both groups. Also, a significant improvement in tissue perfusion as judged by decreased arterial lactate was found. There were no significant differences in any of the measured respiratory parameters (respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation, arterial blood gases and intrapulmonary shunt) in the studied groups. No significant intergroup difference in any haemodynamic or respiratory variable was demonstrated.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Pharmacology of Infusion Fluids
    Clinical pharmacology of infusion fluids Robert G. Hahn Linköping University Post Print N.B.: When citing this work, cite the original article. Original Publication: Robert G. Hahn , Clinical pharmacology of infusion fluids, 2012, Acta Medica Lituanica, (19), 3. Licencee: Lithuanian Academy of Sciences http://www.lmaleidykla.lt/ojs/index.php/actamedicalituanica/index Postprint available at: Linköping University Electronic Press http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91319 ACTA MEDICA LITUANICA. 2012. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 210–212 © Lietuvos mokslų akademija, 2012 Clinical pharmacology of infusion fluids Robert G. Hahn Fluids are used for intravenous infusion during practically all surgeries, but several different compositions are available on the market. Södertälje Hospital, Crystalloid fluids comprise lactated or acetated Ringer solutions, nor- Södertälje, Sweden; mal saline, Plasma-Lyte, hypertonic saline, and glucose. They lack allergic Anaesthesia and properties but are prone to cause peripheral tissue oedema. Their turn- Intensive Care, over is governed by physiological factors such as dehydration and drug Linköping University, effects. Sweden Colloid fluids include hydroxyethyl starch, albumin, dextran, and gela- tin. These fluids have various degrees of allergic properties and do not promote peripheral oedema. Their half-life is usually about hours. Factors increasing the turnover rate are poorly known but might include inflam- matory states. Current debates include the widespread use of normal saline, which should be replaced by Ringer’s or Plasma-Lyte in most situations, and the kidney damage associated with the use of starch in septic patients. New studies show that hypertonic saline does not improve survival or neuro- logical damage in prehospital care.
    [Show full text]
  • Coagulation Effects of Mannitol in Combination with 0.9% Normal Saline Or Hydroxyethyl Starch in Patients Undergoing Supratentorial Craniotomy: a Preliminary Report
    Original Article Coagulation effects of mannitol in combination with 0.9% normal saline or hydroxyethyl starch in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy: A preliminary report Hemanshu Prabhakar, Gyaninder Pal Singh, Parmod Kumar Bithal, Mani Kalaivani1 Abstract Background: Neurosurgical patients often require administration of both, mannitol and hydroxyethyl starch (HES). A recent in vitro study demonstrated that HES in combination with mannitol could disturb coagulation parameters and should be avoided in neurosurgical practice. The aim of our study was to evaluate coagulation abnormalities due to mannitol when administered alone and in combination with HES in patients undergoing craniotomy for various intracranial brain tumours. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 30 adult patients undergoing craniotomy. Patients were randomised into two groups using a computer generated randomisation chart. Interventions: Group A: Patients received 10 ml/kg 0.9% normal saline and 1 g/kg mannitol and Group B: Patients received 10 ml/kg, HES 130/0.4, and 1 gm/kg mannitol; immediately after induction of general anaesthesia. Rotational thromboelastography was done immediately after induction of general anaesthesia and 5 min after administration of mannitol. Measured parameters of blood coagulation were clotting time (CT) and clot formation time (CFT) with EXTEM and maximum clot firmness (MCF) with EXTEM and (FIBTEM). Results: Fourteen patients in each group completed the study. Insignificant change was noted in CT; CFT altered significantly from the baseline in both the groups (P < 0.05). MCF with FIBTEM did not change significantly from baseline (P > 0.05), but significantly differed between groups (P = 0.001). However, all values were in normal range.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Charaterization of Red Blood Cell Aggregation Daniel Amadeus Dominic Flormann
    Physical charaterization of red blood cell aggregation Daniel Amadeus Dominic Flormann To cite this version: Daniel Amadeus Dominic Flormann. Physical charaterization of red blood cell aggregation. Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph]. Universität des Saarlandes, 2017. English. NNT : 2017GREAY002. tel- 01577838 HAL Id: tel-01577838 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01577838 Submitted on 28 Aug 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THÈSE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE LA COMMUNAUTÉ UNIVERSITÉ GRENOBLE ALPES préparée dans le cadre d’une cotutelle entre la Communauté Université Grenoble Alpes et l’Universität des Saarlandes Spécialité : Physique pour les sciences du vivant Arrêté ministériel : 25 mai 2016 Présentée par Daniel Amadeus Dominic Flormann Thèse dirigée par M. Thomas Podgorski et M. Christian Wagner préparée au sein du Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Grenoble et de Experimentalphysik, Saarbrücken dans les Écoles doctorales de Physique de l’Université Grenoble Alpes et de Dekanat der Universität des Saarlandes
    [Show full text]
  • Hypertonic Saline (7.2%) in 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch Reduces Intracranial Pressure and Improves Hemodynamics in a Placebo-Controll
    Continuing Medical Education Article Hypertonic saline (7.2%) in 6% hydroxyethyl starch reduces intracranial pressure and improves hemodynamics in a placebo-controlled study involving stable patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage* Gunnar Bentsen, MD; Harald Breivik, MD, DMSc, FRCA; Tryggve Lundar, MD, DMSc; Audun Stubhaug, MD, DMSc LEARNING OBJECTIVES On completion of this article, the reader should be able to: 1. Describe the effects of hypertonic saline (7.2% saline in 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5) on intracranial pressure. 2. Compare the effects of hypertonic with normal saline on cerebral perfusion pressure. 3. Use this information in a clinical setting. All authors have disclosed that they have no financial relationships with or interests in any commercial companies pertaining to this educational activity. Lippincott CME Institute, Inc., has identified and resolved all faculty conflicts of interest regarding this educational activity. Visit the Critical Care Medicine Web site (www.ccmjournal.org) for information on obtaining continuing medical education credit. Objective: To compare the effects of a bolus infusion of hyper- was ؊5.6 (range, ؊0.8 to ؊12.2) mm Hg after 64 (range, 40 to tonic saline hydroxyethyl starch with the effects of normal saline 115) mins. Mean difference in cerebral perfusion pressure change placebo) on intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pres- between the groups (HSS ؊ normal saline) was 5.4 mm Hg (95%) and mean difference in ,(002. ؍ sure in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. confidence interval, 2.2 to 8.6; p Design and Setting: Prospective, randomized, single-blinded, cardiac index change, measured as the area under the curve for placebo-controlled study in a university hospital.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydroelectrolytic Balance and Cerebral Relaxation with Hypertonic Isoncotic Saline Versus Mannitol
    Rev Bras Anestesiol ARTIGO CIENTÍFICO 2011; 61: 4: 456-468 Artigo Científico Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico e Relaxamento Cerebral com Salina Isoncótica Hipertônica versus Manitol (20%) durante Neuroanestesia Eletiva Walkíria Wingester Vilas Boas, TSA 1, Mirna Bastos Marques 2, Atos Alves 3 Resumo: Vilas Boas WW, Marques MB, Alves A – Equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico e relaxamento cerebral com Salina Isoncótica Hipertônica versus Manitol (20%) durante neuroanestesia eletiva. Justificativa e objetivos: É necessário proceder a relaxamento cerebral durante cirurgia intracraniana e a terapia hiperosmolar é uma das medidas para sua produção. Com frequência, pacientes neurocirúrgicos apresentam distúrbios de sódio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantifi- car e determinar o relaxamento cerebral e a duração das alterações hidroeletrólíticas decorrentes do uso do manitol versus solução isoncótica hipertônica (SIH) durante neurocirurgia. Método: Foram avaliados relaxamento cerebral e alterações hidroeletrolíticas de 29 pacientes adultos antes, 30 e 120 minutos após o término da infusão de carga aproximadamente equiosmolar de manitol 20% (250 mL) ou SIH (120 mL). Registraram-se volume de líquidos intravenosos infundidos e diurese. Considerou-se p < 0,05 como significativo. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os dois grupos quanto ao relaxamento cerebral. Embora várias diferenças nos eletrólitos e no equilíbrio ácido-básico com o uso de manitol ou SIH tenham alcançado significância estatística, apenas a redução do sódio plasmático, 30 minutos após o uso do manitol, em média de 6,42 ± 0,40 mEq.L-1 e a elevação do cloro em média 5,41 ± 0,96 mEq.L-1 e 5,45 ± 1,45 mEq.L-1, 30 e 120 minutos, respectivamente, após a SIH deslocaram transitoriamente os níveis séricos desses íons da faixa de normalidade laboratorial.
    [Show full text]
  • Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2013 1/44
    Estonian Statistics on Medicines 2013 DDD/1000/ ATC code ATC group / INN (rout of admin.) Quantity sold Unit DDD Unit day A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 146,8152 A01 STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0760 A01A STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS 0,0760 A01AB Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment 0,0760 A01AB09 Miconazole(O) 7139,2 g 0,2 g 0,0760 A01AB12 Hexetidine(O) 1541120 ml A01AB81 Neomycin+Benzocaine(C) 23900 pieces A01AC Corticosteroids for local oral treatment A01AC81 Dexamethasone+Thymol(dental) 2639 ml A01AD Other agents for local oral treatment A01AD80 Lidocaine+Cetylpyridinium chloride(gingival) 179340 g A01AD81 Lidocaine+Cetrimide(O) 23565 g A01AD82 Choline salicylate(O) 824240 pieces A01AD83 Lidocaine+Chamomille extract(O) 317140 g A01AD86 Lidocaine+Eugenol(gingival) 1128 g A02 DRUGS FOR ACID RELATED DISORDERS 35,6598 A02A ANTACIDS 0,9596 Combinations and complexes of aluminium, calcium and A02AD 0,9596 magnesium compounds A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+Magnesium hydroxide(O) 591680 pieces 10 pieces 0,1261 A02AD81 Aluminium hydroxide+Magnesium hydroxide(O) 1998558 ml 50 ml 0,0852 A02AD82 Aluminium aminoacetate+Magnesium oxide(O) 463540 pieces 10 pieces 0,0988 A02AD83 Calcium carbonate+Magnesium carbonate(O) 3049560 pieces 10 pieces 0,6497 A02AF Antacids with antiflatulents Aluminium hydroxide+Magnesium A02AF80 1000790 ml hydroxide+Simeticone(O) DRUGS FOR PEPTIC ULCER AND GASTRO- A02B 34,7001 OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD) A02BA H2-receptor antagonists 3,5364 A02BA02 Ranitidine(O) 494352,3 g 0,3 g 3,5106 A02BA02 Ranitidine(P)
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Hypertonic Saline-Hydroxyethyl Starch and Mannitol on Serum Osmolality, Dural Tension and Hemodynamics in Patients Undergoing Elective Neurosurgical Procedures
    Int J Clin Exp Med 2014;7(8):2266-2272 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0001080 Original Article Effects of hypertonic saline - hydroxyethyl starch and mannitol on serum osmolality, dural tension and hemodynamics in patients undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures Jiao Li, Baoguo Wang, Shuangyan Wang, Feng Mu Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Received June 12, 2014; Accepted June 27, 2014; Epub August 15, 2014; Published August 30, 2014 Abstract: Objective: To investigate effect of equal volumes (250 ml) of 7.2% hypertonic saline - 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HS-HES) and 20% mannitol (M) on dural tension, serum osmolality and hemodynamics in patients during elective neurosurgical procedures. Material and methods: Forty ASA I-II patients scheduled for elective neurosurgi- cal supratentorial procedures were randomly assigned to two groups. About 30 min before skull opening, patients received either HS-HES or M at infusion rate 750 ml/h. Dural tension score was used to evaluate the dural tension by neurosurgeons. Serum osmolality was tested at following time points: before, 125 ml infused, 250 ml infused, 30 min and 60 min after infusion. Hemodynamic variables were measured by FloTrac. Results: Patients who received HS-HES had a significant decrease in dural tension scores (P < 0.05) and obtained more satisfactory brain relax- ation for neurosurgeon (95% vs. 75%). In HS-HES group, the peak of serum osmolality occurred earlier and hyper- osmolality lasted for longer time. Transient decrease in mean arterial pressure was observed in M group at 10 min after the start infusion (P < 0.01).
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 FORMULARY (Commercial)
    2015 FORMULARY (Commercial) EFFECTIVE 01/01/15 Introduction This formulary is a list of generic and brand medications covered by your prescription drug benefit. It is designed to offer you and your doctor cost-effective choices for safe and clinically effective prescription drugs. Coverage for the drugs included on the 2015 PreferredOne Formulary is determined by your benefit plan design. It is important to note that this formulary is not a complete list of medications and not all listed drugs may be covered by your plan. Please refer to the benefit documents provided by your employer or health plan for information on your specific benefit coverage. You may also contact the PreferredOne Customer Service Department at 1-800- 997-1750 or visit PreferredOne.com for more information. How is the formulary developed? This formulary was developed based on the recommendations of an independent Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee comprised of doctors and pharmacists. This committee meets several times a year to review and select safe, clinically sound, cost-effective drugs for the formulary. Ongoing review of clinical literature is conducted to evaluate safety, effectiveness and current use in therapy to determine whether a drug should be included in the formulary. Does the formulary change throughout the year? The 2015 PreferredOne Formulary may change throughout the year as new drugs or clinical information becomes available. Drugs may be added as they are introduced to the marketplace and other drugs may change tier status as generics become available. Please contact the PreferredOne Customer Service Department at 1-800-997-1750 or visit PreferredOne.com for the most current formulary information.
    [Show full text]
  • [Alpha]-Amylase Action: Structural Analysis of 0-(2-Hydroxyethyl)- Maltooligosaccharides Yuk-Charn Chan Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1975 0-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amylose as the substrate of porcine pancreatic [alpha]-amylase action: structural analysis of 0-(2-hydroxyethyl)- maltooligosaccharides Yuk-charn Chan Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Biochemistry Commons Recommended Citation Chan, Yuk-charn, "0-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amylose as the substrate of porcine pancreatic [alpha]-amylase action: structural analysis of 0-(2-hydroxyethyl)-maltooligosaccharides " (1975). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 5462. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/5462 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Pagels}". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pagss to insure you complete continuity.
    [Show full text]
  • European Medicines Agency Referrals Categorised by Type of Referral Procedure and Date Supplementary Tabl
    Supplementary material BMJ Open Supplementary Table 1: European Medicines Agency referrals categorised by type of referral procedure and date Referral category Frequency by CHMP/CMDha opinion date Total 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Jan-Jun Article 107i procedures 5 1 0 0 0 6 Article 20 procedures 2 3 1 4 1 11 Article 31 referrals 13 13 5 3 1 35 Total 20 17 6 7 2 52 a) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use/Coordination Group for Mutual Recognition and Decentralised Procedures – Human Supplementary Table 2: ATCa therapeutic subgroup of medicinal product by frequency for the 52 included referrals ATC Subgroup definition No. of subgroup referrals code G03 Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system 6 N02 Analgesics 6 A10 Drugs used in diabetes 3 C01 Cardiac therapy 3 M01 Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products 3 None Not applicable/available 3 R05 Cough and cold preparations 3 A03 Drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders 2 B05 Blood substitutes and perfusion solutions 2 C04 Peripheral vasodilators 2 C10 Lipid modifying agents 2 G02 Other gynelogicals 2 L01 Antineoplastic agents 2 M03 Muscle relaxants 2 N05 Psycholeptics 2 R03 Drugs for obstructive airway diseases 2 B01 Antithrombotic agents 1 B02 Antihemorrhagics 1 B03 Antianemic preparations 1 C08 Calcium channel blockers 1 C09 Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system 1 J01 Antibacterials for systemic use 1 J02 Antimycotics for systemic use 1 J05 Antivirals for systemic use 1 L04 Immunosuppresants 1 M05 Drugs for treatment of bone diseases 1 N03 Antiepileptics 1 N07 Psychoanaleptics 1 R02 Throat preparations 1 R07 Other respiratory system products 1 a) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System Brown JP, et al.
    [Show full text]