Eye of the Eagle
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Eye of the Eagle Volume 2, Number 2 THE CARTER CENTER July 2001 Sudan Treats More Onchocerciasis, Begins Trachoma Control In 2000 udans Onchocerciasis Control March 2, 2001. Sudans Onchocercia- the Year (community directed dis- Program achieved considerable sis Control Program treated more than tributor) award to Ms. Elizabeth Sprogress against onchocerciasis 559,437 persons in 2000 compared to Henry, distributed more than 1,100 t- and trachoma during 2000. The 409,646 persons treated in 1999 shirts, posters sets, and illustrated flip- program reported this good news at (Figure 2). Almost 398,000 of the charts, and formed Oncho Clubs in the Fifth and Second Annual Program treatments in 2000 were in the Gov- seven schools in East Equatoria State. Reviews, respectively, of Carter ernment of Sudan (GOS) areas. Three members of the National Center-assisted River Blindness and Numbers from the Operation Lifeline Onchocerciasis Task Force from Trachoma Control Programs, which Sudan (OLS) areas (coordinated by Khartoum met with health authorities were held in Atlanta February 26- HealthNet International) are incom- from the Sudan Relief and Rehabilita- plete due to delayed reporting. Activi- tion Association and staff from the ties in parts of southern Sudan were Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement Whats Inside impeded by increased insecurity and the withdrawal of several non-govern- continued on Page 2 More than 7 Million Treatments mental organizations Aided by Carter Center 2 (NGOs) in a dispute with FigureFigure 1 1 controlling authorities Focal Areas for Lions/Carter Center-Assisted Prevention of Blindness Programs 2000 Ethiopia Begins Treatment for there. The Ultimate Onchocerciasis 3 Treatment Goal for T Wadi Halfa Sudan is estimated to be Second Annual Review of 526,980 for the GOS Abu Hamad Carter Center-Assisted Trachoma O areas and 600,000 for the Control Programs 4 OLS areas. Treatments were conducted for the Trachoma knowledge, attitudes O T and practices in the South first time at Abu Hamad Gondar Zone of Ethiopia 5 and in the Al Baraka camp for displaced SAFE in the Amhara Region 6 persons in three new localities in Khartoum Lions International Receives North. O Raga Photo Album of Sudan TCP 7 The GOS program T Malakal held a successful On- Wau Sudan helps Yemen launch TCP 7 chocerciasis Day at Wau O O Tonj in March 2000 that was O Tambura Yemens Trachoma Prevalence attended by the Federal O Yei O Juba Survey Model of Integration State Minister of Health. T Trachoma Control Program and Partnership 7 It presented a CDD of O Onchocerciasis Control Program W a g i n g P e a c e w wF wi g. hc at ir nt eg r cD e i ns te ea rs .e o r g B u i l d i n g H o p e 2 River Blindness Sudan continued from Page 1 More Than 7 Million Treatments Aided by The Carter Center in 2000 in Nairobi in October 2000. Funding for the onchocerciasis activities is provided by the Lions-Carter Center total of 7,229,829 people were chaired by Dr. Frank Richards SightFirst Initiative and the African treated in Carter Center- (Technical Director, GRBP), were to Program for Onchocerciasis Control, and Aassisted Global 2000 river assess the status of each program and it is supported by two dozen other NGOs blindness programs (97 percent of the to determine impediments and (including Moslem Zakat Chamber, 2000 ATO). This represents an problems in program implementation. Sudanese Red Crescent/ICRC, and increase in treatments of 9 percent In attendance were GRBP country International Medical Corps). compared to 1999. Of the treatments representatives from Cameroon, Following KAP surveys and preva- in 2000, 7,015,575 (97 percent) were Ethiopia, Uganda, Nigeria, Sudan lence surveys conducted early in 2000, accomplished in partnership with the (Khartoum and Nairobi offices) and Sudans Trachoma Control Program Lions Clubs (LCIF) in Nigeria, Uganda, the Onchocerciasis Elimination began implementing all elements of the Cameroon, Sudan, and OEPA. Most Program for the Americas (OEPA). SAFE strategy in four villages around treatment activities in Africa were in Special guests included Professor Malakal in Upper Nile state in August collaboration with the African Program Mamoun Homeida, (Chairman, 2000. A total of 115 surgeries were done for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC). National Onchocerciasis Task Force, for trachomatous trichiasis and 12,671 A summary of treatment activities is Sudan), Ms. Irene Mueller (Program people were treated with Zithromax (78 provided in the treatment table (Table Manager, HealthNet International percent of the eligible population). In the 1, page 4). [HNI], Sudan, Mr. Peter Lynch town of Malakal average water supply was These gains were among the topics (Lions Clubs), Ms. Minnie Iwamoto increased from 11.5 to 47.4 liters per at The Carter Centers fifth annual (Lymphatic Filariasis Program, Glaxo person as a result of a new water plant, review meeting for the Global 2000 SmithKline, Dr. Steve Blount (Direc- and pit latrines were increased to 47 River Blindness Program in Atlanta on tor of Global Health, CDC, Dr. percent of homes in 2000 (compared to February 26-28, 2001. The main Danny Haddad (Helen Keller World- 37 percent in 1999). Control measures purposes of the review, which was wide [HKW], Dr. Mary Alleman will be expanded in 2001 to at least 100,000 more people around Malakal, at Wadi Halfa and in Jongoli State, the latter Figure 2 with assistance of MEDAIR, Christian Mission Aid, and Adventist Development Sudan: Carter Center-Assisted Mectizan® Treatments as Part Relief Agency (ADRA). External support of the Total Treatments Provided, 1993-2000 for this program is provided by the Lions- Carter Center SightFirst Initiative, Pfizer 600,000 Inc., and the International Trachoma Other 500,000 Initiative. Prevalence surveys were Carter Center completed in March 2001 in camps for 400,000 displaced persons around Khartoum, and a national survey of nine states is planned 300,000 for later this year. The presentations for Sudan were 200,000 made by Professor Mamoun Homeida, 100,000 chairman of the National Task Forces for Onchocerciasis and for Trachoma of the 0 Government of Sudan, Ms. Irene Mueller 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 of HealthNet International (river blind- ness), and Ms. Kelly Callahan of The Since 1997, GRBP activities in Sudan have been supported by Lions Clubs International Foundation Carter Center (trachoma).H W a g i n g P e a c e F i g h t i n g D i s e a s e B u i l d i n g H o p e 3 River Blindness (Mectizan® Donation Program), and 2000 treatments, 619,719 were In OEPA, the strategy is to provide other observers. Each program made a achieved in collaboration with the two MectizanR treatment rounds per three hour presentation, with discus- LCIF in the West Province, while year in all endemic communities so as sions focused on treatment and 214,254 in the APOC supported to interrupt transmission of On- training activities, 2000 annual North Province project. chocerca volvulus, as well as stop treatment objectives (ATOs), ulti- morbidity from river blindness. In mate treatment goals (UTGs), Sudan order to reach this goal, all programs sustainability issues, Mectizan® (See article on cover page.) in the region will need to increase security, epidemiological assessment their treatment activities (Figure 4, activities, operations research, and OEPA page 8), especially in Venezuela, administrative issues. In the Americas, 367,619 people Ecuador, and Brazil, where semiannual A 2001 ATO of 8,016,909 for were treated with Mectizan in 2000, coverage is particularly low (41 GRBP-assisted countries was estab- 82 percent of their UTG and a 26 percent, 50 percent, and 56 percent lished at the conference, which percent increase compared to 1999. respectively).H includes projects for Ethiopia (see this page). The UTG (full coverage) of all GRBP assisted areas is 9,360,261 (Figure 3, page 4). Ethiopia Begins Treatment for Nigeria Onchocerciasis GRBP, in collaboration with LCIF n March 2001 The Carter Centers CDDs and health facility workers. and APOC, helped in treating Global 2000 River Blindness By the beginning of April 2001, 4,673,235 people with Mectizan in I Program assisted the ministry of treatment had started in all of the 2000. This was 88 percent of the health in launching the Ethiopia targeted woredas and by May, 203,884 Ultimate Treatment Goal (UTG), and Onchocerciasis Control Program in people had received treatment, 85 a 3 percent increase in treatments Kaffa and Sheka zones of the Southern percent of Ethiopias ATO! These compared to 1999. As the APOC Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples activities were undertaken by the assistance in GRBP programs in Region. The annual treatment Ministry of Health of Ethiopia in close Nigeria enters its fourth year in some objective for 2001 is to provide partnership with the Lions-Carter areas, the focus has been on MecitzanR treatment to 239,436 Center SightFirst Initiative and the sustainability and advocacy to mobilize people. The program also produced t- African Program for Onchocerciasis states and Local Government Areas shirts and posters that were delivered Control. (LGAs) to release funds budgeted for to zones for distribution to trachoma Congratulations to Ethiopia!H onchocerciasis activities. Uganda The program in Uganda treated 903,429 people with Mectizan in 2000 in collaboration with LCIF and APOC. This was 97 percent of their UTG, and an increase in treatments of 10 percent compared to 1999. Cameroon A total of 833,973 people were treated in Cameroon with GRBP assistance. This was 58 percent of the UTG, and a 23 percent increase in Barwick Rachel treatments compared to 1999.