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Paschasius Radbertus and the Song of Songs
chapter 6 “Love’s Lament”: Paschasius Radbertus and the Song of Songs The Song of Songs was understood by many Carolingian exegetes as the great- est, highest, and most obscure of Solomon’s three books of wisdom. But these Carolingian exegetes would also have understood the Song as a dialogue, a sung exchange between Christ and his church: in fact, as the quintessential spiritual song. Like the liturgy of the Eucharist and the divine office, the Song of Songs would have served as a window into heavenly realities, offering glimpses of a triumphant, spotless Bride and a resurrected, glorified Bridegroom that ninth- century reformers’ grim views of the church in their day would have found all the more tantalizing. For Paschasius Radbertus, abbot of the great Carolingian monastery of Corbie and as warm and passionate a personality as Alcuin, the Song became more than simply a treasury of imagery. In this chapter, I will be examining Paschasius’s use of the Song of Songs throughout his body of work. Although this is necessarily only a preliminary effort in understanding many of the underlying themes at work in Paschasius’s biblical exegesis, I argue that the Song of Songs played a central, formative role in his exegetical imagina- tion and a structural role in many of his major exegetical works. If Paschasius wrote a Song commentary, it has not survived; nevertheless, the Song of Songs is ubiquitous in the rest of his exegesis, and I would suggest that Paschasius’s love for the Song and its rich imagery formed a prism through which the rest of his work was refracted. -
"Years of Struggle": the Irish in the Village of Northfield, 1845-1900
SPRING 1987 VOL. 55 , NO. 2 History The GFROCE EDINGS of the VERMONT HISTORICAL SOCIETY The Irish-born who moved into Northfield village arrived in impoverish ment, suffered recurrent prejudice, yet attracted other Irish to the area through kinship and community networks ... "Years of Struggle": The Irish in the Village of Northfield, 1845-1900* By GENE SESSIONS Most Irish immigrants to the United States in the nineteenth century settled in cities, and for that reason historians have focused on their experience in an urban-industrial setting. 1 Those who made their way to America's towns and villages have drawn less attention. A study of the settling-in process of nineteenth century Irish immigrants in the village of Northfield, Vermont, suggests their experience was similar, in im portant ways, to that of their urban counterparts. Yet the differences were significant, too, shaped not only by the particular characteristics of Northfield but also by adjustments within the Irish community itself. In the balance the Irish changed Northfield forever. The Irish who came into Vermont and Northfield in the nineteenth century were a fraction of the migration of nearly five million who left Ireland between 1845 and 1900. Most of those congregated in the cities along the eastern seaboard of the United States. Others headed inland by riverboats and rail lines to participate in settling the cities of the west. Those who traveled to Vermont were the first sizable group of non-English immigrants to enter the Green Mountain state. The period of their greatest influx was the late 1840s and 1850s, and they continued to arrive in declining numbers through the end of the century. -
Sears List of Subject Headings
Sears List of Subject Headings Sears List of Subject Headings 21st Edition BARBARA A. BRISTOW Editor CHRISTI SHOWMAN FARRAR Associate Editor H. W. Wilson A Division of EBSCO Information Services Ipswich, Massachusetts GREY HOUSE PUBLISHING 2014 Copyright © 2014, by H. W. Wilson, A Division of EBSCO Information Services, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be used or re- produced in any manner whatsoever or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any in- formation storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. For subscription information, contact Grey House Pub- lishing, 4919 Route 22, PO Box 56, Amenia, NY 12501. For permissions requests, contact [email protected]. Abridged Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index, Edition 14 is © 2004- 2010 OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. Used with Permission. DDC, Dewey, Dewey Decimal Classification, and WebDewey are registered trademarks of OCLC. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Publisher’s Cataloging-In-Publication Data (Prepared by The Donohue Group, Inc.) Sears list of subject headings. – 21st Edition / Barbara A. Bristow, Editor; Christi Showman Farrar, Associate Editor. pages ; cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN: 978-1-61925-190-8 1. Subject headings. I. Bristow, Barbara A. II. Farrar, Christi Showman. III. Sears, Minnie Earl, 1873-1933. Sears list of subject headings. IV. H.W. Wilson Company. Z695.Z8 S43 2014 025.4/9 Contents Preface . vii Acknowledgments . xiii Principles of the Sears List . xv 1. The Purpose of Subject Cataloging. -
Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity. -
Price List - Business Solutions
Price List - Business Solutions December 1, 2014 *** Confidential *** Master Case Pk/ Country of Restricted / Part Number Description Warranty SIN UPC Code Ordering MSRP TEXAS DIR Category Pallet Origin Authorized Wireless Wireless AC [802.11ac] DAP-1665 Wireless AC1200 Dual Band Access Point Business 5 1-Year Limited China 790069398032 $ 66.59 $ 119.99 DAP-2660 Wireless AC1200 Dual Band Gigabit PoE Access Point Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069404917 $ 127.64 $ 229.99 DAP-2695 AirPremier AC1750 Simultaneous Dual Band PoE Access Point Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069396816 $ 216.44 $ 389.99 AirPremier® N [802.11n] DAP-2310 AirPremier® N 2.4GHz High Power Access Point Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069368257 $ 61.04 $ 109.99 DAP-2330 Wireless N300 2.4GHz Ceiling Mount High Power Access Point Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069406232 $ 66.59 $ 119.99 DAP-2360 AirPremier® N PoE Access Point with Plenum-rated Chassis Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069345746 $ 88.79 $ 159.99 DAP-2553 AirPremier® N Dual Band PoE Access Point, Selectable Dual Band 802.11n, 300Mbps Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069318191 $ 99.89 $ 179.99 DAP-2590 AirPremier® N Dual Band PoE Access Point with Plenum-rated Chassis, Selectable Dual Band Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069316043 $ 177.59 $ 319.99 802.11n, 300Mbps DAP-2690 AirPremier® N Simultaneous Dual Band PoE Access Point Business 5 Limited Lifetime China 790069331244 $ 172.04 $ 309.99 DAP-3690 AirPremier® N Dual Band Outdoor PoE Access Point Business 2 Limited Lifetime -
The Empire That Was Always Decaying: the Carolingians (800-888) Mayke De Jong*
The Empire that was always Decaying: The Carolingians (800-888) Mayke de Jong* This paper examines the potency of the concept of ›empire‹ in Carolingian history, arguing against the still recent trend in medieval studies of seeing the Carolingian empire as having been in a constant state of decay. An initial historiographical overview of medievalist’s perceptions of ›empire‹ over the past century is followed by a discussion of how Carolingian authors themselves constructed, perceived and were influenced by notions of ›empire‹. Bib- lical scholars like Hraban Maur initiated an authoritative discourse on imperium, which in turn, after the 840s, heavily influenced later authors, perhaps most interestingly Paschasius Radbertus in his Epitaphium Arsenii. While the writings of these authors who looked back at Louis’s reign have often been interpreted as revealing a decline of imperial ideals, they must rather be seen as testifying to a long-lasting concern for a universal Carolingian empire. Keywords: Carolingian empire; Historiography; imperium; Louis the Pious; Staatlichkeit. According to most textbooks, the first Western empire to succeed its late Roman predecessor suddenly burst upon the scene, on Christmas Day 800 in Rome, when Pope Leo III turned Charles, King of the Franks and Lombards, and patricius (protector) of the Romans, into an imperator augustus. Few events have been debated so much ad nauseam by modern histori- ans as this so-called imperial coronation of 800, which was probably not at all a coronation; contemporary sources contradict each other as to what happened on that Christmas Day in St. Peter’s church.1 Charlemagne’s biographer Einhard claimed that the vigorous Frankish king »would not have entered the church that day, even though it was a great feast day, if he had known in advance of the pope’s plan«. -
Electronic Requirements
Chapter 5 Retail Electric Suppliers Handbook ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES Customer Choice related transactions between ComEd and Retail Electric Suppliers (RESs) are handled electronically via Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). A Communication Protocols Working Group (CPWG) is comprised of Illinois utilities, Retail Electric Suppliers (RESs), customers, and Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC) staff. This chapter describes the following aspects of this communication method: What electronic data exchange is How ComEd uses EDI over the Internet RES requirements for electronic transactions Electronic transaction sets and their use The posting of information on the ComEd web site is also covered in this chapter. Most of the requirements and procedures described here result from the Communication Protocols Working Group, which has responsibility for developing common electronic data exchange standards for utilities and RESs operating in Illinois. Documentation: Document Where Found EDI Trading Partner Agreement ComEd’s Electric Supplier Services Department (ESSD) EDI Implementation Guides www.choiceinillinois.com EDI Certification Test Scripts for www.choiceinillinois.com ComEd EDI Implementation Guides for ComEd inbound SBO 810 and https://www.comed.com/MyAccount/MyService/Pages/R outbound SBO 820 ESResources.aspx The Retail Electric Suppliers Handbook is for training and discussion purposes. If any conflict exists between this document and ComEd’s Tariffs, the tariffs prevail. RES Handbook Page 1 of 10 Revised October 2016 Chapter 5 Retail Electric Suppliers Handbook ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE Some information exchanged include customer enrollment and drop requests and responses, historical summary data, meter status changes, monthly meter usage, and bill-ready invoice data and payments. Given the volume of data that is exchanged, automated electronic processes are the best means of handling these transactions in a timely manner. -
A Great Carolingian Panzootic
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Stirling Online Research Repository TIMOTHY NEWFIELDa A great Carolingian panzootic: the probable extent, diagnosis and impact of an early ninth-century cattle pestilenceb Abstract This paper considers the cattle panzootic of 809-810, ‘A most enormous pestilence of oxen the most thoroughly documented and, as far as can be occurred in many places in Francia and discerned, spatially significant livestock pestilence of the 1 Carolingian period (750-950 CE). It surveys the written brought irrecoverable damage.’ evidence for the plague, and examines the pestilence’s spatial and temporal parameters, dissemination, diagnosis and impact. It is argued that the plague originated east of This reference to an epizootic in the Annales Fuldenses in 870 Europe, was truly pan-European in scope, and represented is one of roughly thirty-five encountered in the extant written a significant if primarily short-term shock to the Carolingian sources of Carolingian Europe.2 In total, mid eighth- through agrarian economy. Cattle in southern and northern Europe, mid tenth-century continental texts illuminate between ten including the British Isles, were affected. In all probability, and fourteen livestock plagues, the majority of which affec- several hundreds of thousands of domestic bovines died, ted cattle.3 In no earlier period of European history does the adversely impacting food production and distribution, and written record reveal so many epizootics.4 Cattle pestilences human health. A diagnosis of the rinderpest virus (RPV) is are reported in 801, 809-10, 820, 860, 868-70, 878, 939-42 tentatively advanced. -
The Carolingian Army and the Struggle Against the Vikings •
VIATOR MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE STUDIES Volume 35 (2004) PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE CENTER FOR MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES BREPOLS C)~ /1~<tCf THE CAROLINGIAN ARMY AND THE STRUGGLE AGAINST THE VIKINGS • by Simon Coupland There have been many previous studies of the Carolingian army, but none examining the ninth-century armies which faced the Viking invasions. Earlier works have tended to focus on the age of expansion in the eighth century, particularly the capitularies and campaigns of Charlemagne.' Yet the armies which fought Charlemagne's offensive campaigns differed significantly from those which defended the Empire against the Vikings in terms of their composition, size, armament and purpose. The present study will thus begin by considering the different types of defensive force which opposed the invasions: the host, the coast guard and the lantweri. The royal army has naturally been the focus of previous studies, but against the Viking incursions the initial line of defense was the coastal guard, both at sea and on land. Another form of resistance was that offered under the lantweri, the defense of the realm in case of invasion, which was obviously of primary importance against the Vikings, but which has been accorded scant attention in the past. The article will then turn to three more general issues: the size of the Frankish armies which fought the raiders, the leadership and muster of those armies, and the particular role played by the cavalry. The final three sections will address the range of military tactics employed against the Northmen: the strategy of containment, by which the Franks attempted to confine Scandinavian fleets to the rivers; siege warfare; and finally pitched battle. -
Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775-831
Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831 East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450–1450 General Editor Florin Curta VOLUME 16 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.nl/ecee Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831 By Panos Sophoulis LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Cover illustration: Scylitzes Matritensis fol. 11r. With kind permission of the Bulgarian Historical Heritage Foundation, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Brill has made all reasonable efforts to trace all rights holders to any copyrighted material used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the publisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission matters. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sophoulis, Pananos, 1974– Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831 / by Panos Sophoulis. p. cm. — (East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450–1450, ISSN 1872-8103 ; v. 16.) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-20695-3 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Byzantine Empire—Relations—Bulgaria. 2. Bulgaria—Relations—Byzantine Empire. 3. Byzantine Empire—Foreign relations—527–1081. 4. Bulgaria—History—To 1393. I. Title. DF547.B9S67 2011 327.495049909’021—dc23 2011029157 ISSN 1872-8103 ISBN 978 90 04 20695 3 Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. -
Borna's Polity Attested by Frankish Sources in the Territory of the Former
International Symposium The Treaty of Aachen, AD 812: The Origins and Impact on the Region between the Adriatic, Central, and Southeastern Europe Abstracts University of Zadar Zadar, September 27–29, 2012 Abstracts of the International Symposium The Treaty of Aachen, AD 812: The Origins and Impact on the Region between the Adriatic, Central, and Southeastern Europe Zadar, September 27–29, 2012 University of Zadar Department of History 2012 Frankish ducatus or Slavic Chiefdom? The Character of Borna’s Polity in Early-Ninth-Century Dalmatia Denis Alimov Borna’s polity, attested by Frankish sources on the territory of the former Roman province of Dalmatia in the first quarter of the 9th century, is traditionally considered to be the cradle of early medieval Croatian state. Meanwhile, the exact character of this polity and the way it was linked with the Croats as an early medieval gens remain obscure in many respects. I argue that Borna’s ducatus consisted of two political entities, the Croat polity proper, with its heartland in the region of Knin, and a small chiefdom of the Guduscani in the region of Gacka. Borna was the chief of the Croats, a group of people that gradually developed into an ethnic unit under the leadership of a Christianized military elite.. For all that, the process of the stabilization of the Croats’ group identity originally connected with the social structures of Pax Avarica and its transformation into what can be called gentile identity was very durable, the rate of the process being considerably slower than the formation of supralocal political organization in Dalmatia. -
2014-2015 and Is Accurate and Current, to the Greatest Extent Possible, As of June 2014
Cover Cover 1 University’s Mission Statement James B. Duke’s founding Indenture of Duke University directed the members of the University to “provide real leadership in the educational world” by choosing individuals of “outstanding character, ability and vision” to serve as its officers, trustees and faculty; by carefully selecting students of “character, determination and application;” and by pursuing those areas of teaching and scholarship that would “most help to develop our resources, increase our wisdom and promote human happiness.” To these ends, the mission of Duke University is to provide a superior liberal education to undergraduate students, attending not only to their intellectual growth but also to their development as adults committed to high ethical standards and full participation as leaders in their communities; to prepare future members of the learned professions for lives of skilled and ethical service by providing excellent graduate and professional education; to advance the frontiers of knowledge and contribute boldly to the international community of scholarship; to promote an intellectual environment built on a commitment to free and open inquiry; to help those who suffer, cure disease and promote health, through sophisticated medical research and thoughtful patient care; to provide wide ranging educational opportunities, on and beyond our campuses, for traditional students, active professionals and life-long learners using the power of information technologies; and to promote a deep appreciation for the range of human difference and potential, a sense of the obligations and rewards of citizenship, and a commitment to learning, freedom and truth. By pursuing these objectives with vision and integrity, Duke University seeks to engage the mind, elevate the spirit, and stimulate the best effort of all who are associated with the University; to contribute in diverse ways to the local community, the state, the nation and the world; and to attain and maintain a place of real leadership in all that we do.