DOCSLIB.ORG

Review: Other Helicobacter Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Review: Other Helicobacter Species DOI: 10.1111/hel.12645 SUPPLEMENT ARTICLE Review: Other Helicobacter species Armelle Ménard1 | Annemieke Smet2 1INSERM, UMR1053, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Université Abstract de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France This article is a review of the most important, accessible, and relevant literature pub‐ 2 Laboratorium of Experimental lished between April 2018 and April 2019 in the field of Helicobacter species other than Medicine and Pediatrics, Department of Translational Research in Immunology and Helicobacter pylori. The initial part of the review covers new insights regarding the pres‐ Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine and ence of gastric and enterohepatic non‐H. pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH) in humans Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium and animals, while the subsequent section focuses on the progress in our understand‐ ing of the pathogenicity and evolution of these species. Over the last year, relatively Correspondence Armelle Ménard, Laboratoire de few cases of gastric NHPH infections in humans were published, with most NHPH in‐ Bactériologie, INSERM U1053, Campus de fections being attributed to enterohepatic Helicobacters. A novel species, designated Carreire, Université de Bordeaux, Bâtiment 2B RDC ‐ Case 76, 146 rue Léo Saignat, “Helicobacter caesarodunensis,” was isolated from the blood of a febrile patient and F33076 Bordeaux, France. numerous cases of human Helicobacter cinaedi infections underlined this species as a Email: Armelle.Menard@u‐bordeaux.fr true emerging pathogen. With regard to NHPH in animals, canine/feline gastric NHPH cause little or no harm in their natural host; however they can become opportunistic when translocated to the hepatobiliary tract. The role of enterohepatic Helicobacter species in colorectal tumors in pets has also been highlighted. Several studies in rodent models have further elucidated the mechanisms underlying the development of NHPH‐ related disease, and the extra‐gastric effects of a Helicobacter suis infection on brain homeostasis was also studied. Comparative genomics facilitated a breakthrough in the evolutionary history of Helicobacter in general and NHPH in particular. Investigation of the genome of Helicobacter apodemus revealed particular traits with regard to its viru‐ lence factors. A range of compounds including mulberries, dietary fiber, ginseng, and avian eggs which target the gut microbiota have also been shown to affect Helicobacter growth, with a potential therapeutic utilization and increase in survival. KEYWORDS non‐Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter, human and animal disease, animal studies, pathogenesis, genomics and evolution 1 | PRESENCE OF NON‐HELICOBACTER lesions which differ from the less active and less severe gastritis PYLORI HELICOBACTER SPECIES IN HUMANS usually associated with NHPH infections in humans. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of amoxicillin, clari‐ 1 A limited number of cases of gastric non‐Helicobacter pylori thromycin, and a proton pump inhibitor. Another case report de‐ Helicobacter (NHPH) infections in humans were reported this year. scribed a reddish depression lesion in the corpus of the stomach of An atypical presentation of an acute Helicobacter felis infection was a 56‐year‐old man. Gastric biopsy analysis identified a Helicobacter 2 described in a 39‐year‐old male suffering from acute abdominal pain, suis infection which was eradicated after 10 days of triple therapy. nausea, and vomiting. Gastroscopic examination revealed necrotic The presence of gastric NHPH was also reported for the first time in Helicobacter. 2019;24(Suppl. 1):e12645. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/hel © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd | 1 of 8 https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12645 2 of 8 | MÉNARD and SMET 2.7% of children suffering from gastric disorders in Southern Turkey, reported cases include a secondary infection following a vascular with H. suis being the most prevalent species.3 access device placement,13 chemotherapy (rituximab plus cyclo‐ Human NHPH infections reported over the last year were mostly phosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone),10 or ceph‐ associated with enterohepatic Helicobacters. A proposed novel alosporin treatment (ceftriaxone).22 In the latter case, high plasma Helicobacter species “Helicobacter caesarodunensis” was isolated and cerebrospinal fluid ceftriaxone concentrations induced an from the blood of a febrile patient. This curved, rod‐shaped entero‐ encephalopathy in the hemodialysis patient.22 Anti‐cancer che‐ hepatic Helicobacter was shown to be closely related to Helicobacter motherapy and systemic steroids have been shown to be inde‐ equorum and harbors two sheathed amphitrichous flagella.4 Whole pendent risk factors for recurrent H. cinaedi‐induced bacteremia; genome sequencing revealed a genome of 1 708 265 base pairs (bp) however, evidence would suggest that selective digestive decon‐ with a G+C content of 37.80% and a total of 1697 predicted coding tamination with kanamycin could potentially be a strategy to pre‐ sequences. vent recurrence of infectious bacteremia.23 H. cinaedi is difficult to An umbrella review of 53 meta‐analyses identified 9 environ‐ identify at the species level. H. cinaedi infections can be diagnosed mental factors that increase the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases using the VersaTREKTM blood culture system.24 A multi‐step ge‐ (IBD), including infection with enterohepatic Helicobacter species.5 nome‐wide phylogenetic analysis of isolates from an intra‐hospital In contrast, H. pylori infection was shown to reduce the risk of IBD.5 outbreak of H. cinaedi‐associated bacteremia highlighted the role However, further studies are required to determine whether an en‐ of asymptomatic carriers or environmental contamination as well terohepatic Helicobacter infection is the cause or consequence of as the emergence of a subclone with increased resistance to flu‐ IBD. Analysis of microbiota in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tis‐ oroquinolones.25 Finally, H. cinaedi was also found in small sludge sues revealed that the number of Helicobacter species in patients flocs in wastewater treatment plants, indicating the human and with poorly differentiated right colon cancers was higher than in environmental health risks of activated sludge.26 Another draft well‐differentiated left colon cancers. In addition, Helicobacter bilis genome sequence of H. cinaedi isolated from a blood culture re‐ was overrepresented in poorly differentiated cancers as compared vealed a 1 995 911 bp chromosome with 39.1% G+C content.27 to well‐differentiated cancers, suggesting that H. bilis is potentially associated with a poorer differentiation and more negative progno‐ sis in patients with CRC.6 In another study, PCR‐based investigation 2 | PRESENCE OF NON‐HELICOBACTER failed to show any correlation between enterohepatic Helicobacter PYLORI HELICOBACTER SPECIES IN species (H. bilis, Helicobacter hepaticus and Helicobacter pullorum) and ANIMALS cholelithiasis, while the presence of H. pylori DNA was associated with acute gallstone cholecystitis.7 Using NGS‐based 16S rRNA se‐ In 2018, Sousa et al28 investigated the presence of NHPH in the quencing, Helicobacter species were not detected either in bile col‐ gastric mucosa of cats. They showed that all animals were predomi‐ lected from Chilean patients with gallbladder cancer,8 contradicting nantly infected with Helicobacter heilmannii, the most prevalent fe‐ previous studies. line Helicobacter species.28,29 Despite the observation of a histologic Helicobacter fennelliae was isolated from a non‐diarrheal stool mild gastritis, all animals were clinically healthy.28 This suggests that sample in a child from Cambodia. The infecting strain showed re‐ pet‐associated gastric Helicobacters cause little or no harm in their sistance to macrolides and quinolones which represent the first‐line natural host, which is in contrast to other members of the NHPH antibiotic therapy for Campylobacter‐like infections.9 group.29 However, Takemura et al30 identified gastric Helicobacters New cases of Helicobacter cinaedi‐related bacteremia have been in hepatobiliary samples from dogs with lesions in the liver. These reported in immunocompromised patients, patients with rheuma‐ authors stated that pet‐associated NHPH can become opportunistic toid arthritis and malignant lymphoma,10 a prosthetic joint infec‐ pathogens in the biliary tract when translocated from the stomach tion in an HIV‐infected man,11 X‐linked agammaglobulinemia,12 to the liver.30 De Witte et al31 analyzed fecal samples from marine and acute gastroenteritis.13 H. cinaedi was also isolated from the and terrestrial mammals in zoos for the presence of gastric and en‐ blood and peritoneal fluid of a patient undergoing peritoneal di‐ terohepatic Helicobacter species. Helicobacter cetorum was the only alysis who presented with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney gastric species that could be detected in the majority of dolphins. disease and a cyst infection, showing that H. cinaedi cyst infection Furthermore, novel enterohepatic Helicobacter species were identi‐ had spread to the peritoneal fluid.14 A further study demonstrated fied in both marine and terrestrial zoo mammals.31 Another study that bacterial translocation from the intestinal tract could repre‐ also reported Helicobacter species in the stomach of aquatic marine sent one route of H. cinaedi‐induced bacteremia.15 H. cinaedi‐re‐ mammals, for example, East Asian finless porpoises (Neophocaena lated bacteremia
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Role of Helicobacter Spp. Infection in Domestic Animals
    Chapter 2 The Role of Helicobacter spp. Infection in Domestic Animals Achariya Sailasuta and Worapat Prachasilchai Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/53054 1. Introduction 1.1. Overview and pathogenesis The discovery of the association of Helicobacter pylori with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric neoplasia, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphoma and carcinoma, has led to fundamental changes in the understanding of gastric disease in humans. Some hu‐ mans with H. pylori infection develop only mild, asymptomatic gastritis. Whether more se‐ vere disease develops thought to be influenced by individual host factors and pathogenicity of the bacteria involved. The odd of developing symptomatic H. pylori infection varies by geographic location and age. Different strains of H. pylori have recently been identified. Therefore, H. pylori should be considered a population of closely related but genetically het‐ erogenous bacteria of different genotypes and virulence. A gastric spiral bacteria of superkingdom bacteria, phylum proteobacteria, subphylum delta/epsilon subdivisions, class epsilonproteobacteria, order campylobacter, family helico‐ bacteraceae, genus Helicobacter spp. is gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria. At least 13 species have been reported, and most are suspected or proven gastric or hepatic patho‐ gens. Helicobacter spp. have been reported in humans: mainly H. pylori, nonhuman pri‐ mates: H. nemestrinae, cats and dogs various species, including H. pylori, H. felis, H. salomonis, H. rappini, H. heilmannii, and H. bizzozeronii, pigs: H. heilmannii, ferrets: H. muste‐ lae, and cheetahs: H. acinonys. More recently we have learned that nearly all mammmals harbor their own species of Helicobacter infection.
    [Show full text]
  • Variations in the Two Last Steps of the Purine Biosynthetic Pathway in Prokaryotes
    GBE Different Ways of Doing the Same: Variations in the Two Last Steps of the Purine Biosynthetic Pathway in Prokaryotes Dennifier Costa Brandao~ Cruz1, Lenon Lima Santana1, Alexandre Siqueira Guedes2, Jorge Teodoro de Souza3,*, and Phellippe Arthur Santos Marbach1,* 1CCAAB, Biological Sciences, Recoˆ ncavo da Bahia Federal University, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil 2Agronomy School, Federal University of Goias, Goiania,^ Goias, Brazil 3 Department of Phytopathology, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/11/4/1235/5345563 by guest on 27 September 2021 *Corresponding authors: E-mails: [email protected]fla.br; [email protected]. Accepted: February 16, 2019 Abstract The last two steps of the purine biosynthetic pathway may be catalyzed by different enzymes in prokaryotes. The genes that encode these enzymes include homologs of purH, purP, purO and those encoding the AICARFT and IMPCH domains of PurH, here named purV and purJ, respectively. In Bacteria, these reactions are mainly catalyzed by the domains AICARFT and IMPCH of PurH. In Archaea, these reactions may be carried out by PurH and also by PurP and PurO, both considered signatures of this domain and analogous to the AICARFT and IMPCH domains of PurH, respectively. These genes were searched for in 1,403 completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes publicly available. Our analyses revealed taxonomic patterns for the distribution of these genes and anticorrelations in their occurrence. The analyses of bacterial genomes revealed the existence of genes coding for PurV, PurJ, and PurO, which may no longer be considered signatures of the domain Archaea. Although highly divergent, the PurOs of Archaea and Bacteria show a high level of conservation in the amino acids of the active sites of the protein, allowing us to infer that these enzymes are analogs.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbial and Mineralogical Characterizations of Soils Collected from the Deep Biosphere of the Former Homestake Gold Mine, South Dakota
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln US Department of Energy Publications U.S. Department of Energy 2010 Microbial and Mineralogical Characterizations of Soils Collected from the Deep Biosphere of the Former Homestake Gold Mine, South Dakota Gurdeep Rastogi South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Shariff Osman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Ravi K. Kukkadapu Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, [email protected] Mark Engelhard Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Parag A. Vaishampayan California Institute of Technology See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdoepub Part of the Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons Rastogi, Gurdeep; Osman, Shariff; Kukkadapu, Ravi K.; Engelhard, Mark; Vaishampayan, Parag A.; Andersen, Gary L.; and Sani, Rajesh K., "Microbial and Mineralogical Characterizations of Soils Collected from the Deep Biosphere of the Former Homestake Gold Mine, South Dakota" (2010). US Department of Energy Publications. 170. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdoepub/170 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Energy at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in US Department of Energy Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Gurdeep Rastogi, Shariff Osman, Ravi K. Kukkadapu, Mark Engelhard, Parag A. Vaishampayan, Gary L. Andersen, and Rajesh K. Sani This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ usdoepub/170 Microb Ecol (2010) 60:539–550 DOI 10.1007/s00248-010-9657-y SOIL MICROBIOLOGY Microbial and Mineralogical Characterizations of Soils Collected from the Deep Biosphere of the Former Homestake Gold Mine, South Dakota Gurdeep Rastogi & Shariff Osman & Ravi Kukkadapu & Mark Engelhard & Parag A.
    [Show full text]
  • Helicobacter Pylori Gastric Helicobacters in Iranian Dyspeptic Patients Shakiba Shafaie1, Hami Kaboosi1* and Fatemeh Peyravii Ghadikolaii2
    Shafaie et al. BMC Gastroenterology (2020) 20:190 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-020-01331-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Prevalence of non Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters in Iranian dyspeptic patients Shakiba Shafaie1, Hami Kaboosi1* and Fatemeh Peyravii Ghadikolaii2 Abstract Background: Non Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters (NHPGHs) are associated with a range of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, histologic and endoscopic findings. For the first time in Iran, we performed a cross- sectional study in order to determine the prevalence of five species of NHPGHs in patients presenting with dyspepsia. Methods: The participants were divided into H. pylori-infected and NHPGH-infected groups, based on the rapid urease test, histological analysis of biopsies, and PCR assay of ureA, ureB,andureAB genes. The study included 428 gastric biopsies form dyspeptic patients, who did not receive any treatment for H. pylori.Thesampleswere collected and sent to the laboratory within two years. H. pylori was identified in 368 samples, which were excluded from the study. Finally, a total of 60 non-H. pylori samples were studied for NHPGH species. Results: The overall frequency of NHPGH species was 10 for H. suis (three duodenal ulcer, three gastritis, and four gastric ulcer samples), 10 for H. felis (one gastritis, three duodenal ulcer, and six gastric ulcer samples), 20 for H. salomonis (four duodenal ulcer, five gastritis, and 11 gastric ulcer samples), 13 for H. heilmannii (three gastritis, five duodenal ulcer, and five gastric ulcer samples), and 7 for H. bizzozeronii (zero gastric ulcer, two duodenal ulcer, and five gastritis samples). Conclusions: Given our evidence about the possibility of involvement of NHPGHs in patients suffering from gastritis and nonexistence of mixed H.
    [Show full text]
  • Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Africa: Pathology and Microbiological Diagnosis
    African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7 (25), pp. 4653-4662, 29 December, 2008 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB ISSN 1684–5315 © 2008 Academic Journals Review Helicobacter pylori infection in Africa: Pathology and microbiological diagnosis Tanih N. F.1, Clarke A. M.1, Mkwetshana N.1, Green E.1, Ndip L. M.2 and Ndip R. N.1* 1Microbial Pathogenicity and Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa. 2Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Box 63, Buea, Cameroon. Accepted 28 November, 2008 Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic motile curve rod that inhabits the gastric mucosa of the human stomach. The organism chronically infects billions of people worldwide and is one of the most genetically diverse of bacterial species. Infection with the bacterium which leads to chronic gastritis, peptic ulceration, gastric cancers and gastric MALT lymphoma has been reported to follow a pattern linked to geographic and socio-demographic factors. However; the infection rate in various populations does not parallel the incidence of morbidity caused by the infection. This has been termed by a number of authors as the ‘African enigma’ based on an apparently low incidence of gastric carcinoma and other H. pylori-associated morbidities in the continent of Africa. There are various techniques employed to detect H. pylori from specimens. These tests may be invasive or non-invasive. Endoscopy and gastric mucosal biopsy, microscopic examination of histological sections, PCR and rapid urease test are forms of invasive test that could be used.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiome Signatures in a Fast- and Slow-Progressing Gastric Cancer Murine Model and Their Contribution to Gastric Carcinogenesis
    microorganisms Article Microbiome Signatures in a Fast- and Slow-Progressing Gastric Cancer Murine Model and Their Contribution to Gastric Carcinogenesis Prerna Bali 1,†, Joanna Coker 2,† , Ivonne Lozano-Pope 1, Karsten Zengler 2,3,4 and Marygorret Obonyo 1,3,* 1 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; [email protected] (P.B.); [email protected] (I.L.-P.) 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; [email protected] (J.C.); [email protected] (K.Z.) 3 Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 4 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally. Abstract: Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of death from cancer in the world and infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main cause of gastric cancer. In addition to Heli- cobacter infection, the overall stomach microbiota has recently emerged as a potential factor in gastric cancer progression. Previously we had established that mice deficient in myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88, Myd88−/−) rapidly progressed to neoplasia when infected with H. felis. Thus, in order to assess the role of the microbiota in this fast-progressing gastric cancer model we investigated changes of the gastric microbiome in mice with different genotypic backgrounds: Myd88−/− wild type (WT), MyD88-deficient ( ), mice deficient in the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-β (TRIF, Trif Lps2), and MyD88- and TRIF-deficient Citation: Bali, P.; Coker, J.; (Myd88−/−/Trif Lps2, double knockout (DKO)) mice.
    [Show full text]
  • Whole-Genome Sequencing and Bioinformatics As Pertinent Tools To
    Whole-Genome Sequencing and Bioinformatics as Pertinent Tools to Support Helicobacteracae Taxonomy, Based on Three Strains Suspected to Belong to Novel Helicobacter Species Elvire Berthenet, Lucie Bénéjat, Armelle Ménard, Christine Varon, Sabrina Lacomme, Etienne Gontier, Josette Raymond, Ouahiba Boussaba, Olivier Toulza, Astrid Ducournau, et al. To cite this version: Elvire Berthenet, Lucie Bénéjat, Armelle Ménard, Christine Varon, Sabrina Lacomme, et al.. Whole- Genome Sequencing and Bioinformatics as Pertinent Tools to Support Helicobacteracae Taxonomy, Based on Three Strains Suspected to Belong to Novel Helicobacter Species. Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media, 2019, 10, pp.2820. 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02820. inserm-03004847 HAL Id: inserm-03004847 https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-03004847 Submitted on 13 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. fmicb-10-02820 December 5, 2019 Time: 16:13 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 06 December 2019 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02820 Whole-Genome Sequencing and Bioinformatics as Pertinent Tools
    [Show full text]
  • Leading Article Non-Pylori Helicobacter Species in Humans
    Gut 2001;49:601–606 601 Gut: first published as 10.1136/gut.49.5.601 on 1 November 2001. Downloaded from Leading article Non-pylori helicobacter species in humans Introduction Another bacterium, Helicobacter felis, which is morphologi- The discovery of Helicobacter pylori in 1982 increased cally similar to H heilmannii by light microscopy, has also interest in the range of other spiral bacteria that had been been noted in three cases.7–9 Its identification is based on seen not only in the stomach but also in the lower bowel of the presence of periplasmic fibres which are only visible by many animal species.12The power of technologies such as electron microscopy. H felis has been used extensively in the polymerase chain reaction with genus specific primers mouse models of H pylori infection.10 revealed that many of these bacteria belong to the genus Since the first report in 1987, over 500 cases of human Helicobacter. These non-pylori helicobacters are increas- gastric infection with H heilmannii have appeared in the lit- ingly being found in human clinical specimens. The erature.11 The prevalence of this infection is low, ranging purpose of this article is to introduce these microorganisms from ∼ 0.5 % in developed countries5 7 12–15 to 1.2–6.2% in to the clinician, put them in an ecological perspective, and Eastern European and Asian countries.16–19 to reflect on their likely importance as human pathogens. H heilmannii, like H pylori, is associated with a range of upper gastrointestinal symptoms, histologic, and endo- Gastric bacteria scopic findings.
    [Show full text]
  • Metabolic Roles of Uncultivated Bacterioplankton Lineages in the Northern Gulf of Mexico 2 “Dead Zone” 3 4 J
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/095471; this version posted June 12, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Metabolic roles of uncultivated bacterioplankton lineages in the northern Gulf of Mexico 2 “Dead Zone” 3 4 J. Cameron Thrash1*, Kiley W. Seitz2, Brett J. Baker2*, Ben Temperton3, Lauren E. Gillies4, 5 Nancy N. Rabalais5,6, Bernard Henrissat7,8,9, and Olivia U. Mason4 6 7 8 1. Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA 9 2. Department of Marine Science, Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port 10 Aransas, TX, USA 11 3. School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK 12 4. Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 13 FL, USA 14 5. Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, 15 LA, USA 16 6. Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA USA 17 7. Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 18 13288 Marseille, France 19 8. INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, F-13288 Marseille, France 20 9. Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 21 22 *Correspondence: 23 JCT [email protected] 24 BJB [email protected] 25 26 27 28 Running title: Decoding microbes of the Dead Zone 29 30 31 Abstract word count: 250 32 Text word count: XXXX 33 34 Page 1 of 31 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/095471; this version posted June 12, 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Dispensabilities of Carbonic Anhydrase in Proteobacteria
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Evolutionary Biology Volume 2012, Article ID 324549, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/324549 Research Article Dispensabilities of Carbonic Anhydrase in Proteobacteria Kenji Ueda,1 Hiromi Nishida,2 and Teruhiko Beppu1 1 Life Science Research Center, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan 2 Agricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Kenji Ueda, [email protected] Received 10 February 2012; Accepted 14 March 2012 Academic Editor: Hideaki Nojiri Copyright © 2012 Kenji Ueda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) (E.C. 4.2.1.1) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalysing interconversion between CO2 and bicarbonate. The irregular distribution of the phylogenetically distinct classes of CA in procaryotic genome suggests its complex evolutionary history in procaryotes. Genetic evidence regarding the dispensability of CA under high-CO2 air in some model organisms indicates that CA-deficient microorganisms can persist in the natural environment by choosing high-CO2 niches. In this study, we studied the distribution of CA in the genome of Proteobacteria. While a large majority of the genome-sequenced Proteobacteria retained a CA gene(s), intracellular bacterial genera such as Buchnera and Rickettsia contained CA-defective strains. Comparison between CA-retaining and CA- deficient genomes showed the absence of whole coding sequence in some strains and the presence of frameshifted coding sequence in other strains.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title TlpD mediates chemotactic repellent responses to reactive oxygen species that are relevant to Helicobacter pylori gastric gland colonization Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46f5z88k Author Collins, Kieran Dennehy Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ TlpD mediates chemotactic repellent responses to reactive oxygen species that are relevant to Helicboacter pylori gastric gland colonization A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in MICROBIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY by Kieran D. Collins December 2017 The Dissertation of Kieran D. Collins is approved: ____________________________________ Professor Karen Ottemann, chair ____________________________________ Professor Fitnat Yildiz ____________________________________ Professor Doug Kellogg _____________________________ Tyrus Miller Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ ix Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................. xi Internal sense of direction: Sensing and signaling from cytoplasmic chemoreceptors .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mediated Gastritis − Pylori Helicobacter Myeloid HIF-1 Is Protective In
    The Journal of Immunology Myeloid HIF-1 Is Protective in Helicobacter pylori–Mediated Gastritis Pavle Matak,*,†,‡,1 Myle`ne Heinis,*,†,‡,1 Jacques R. R. Mathieu,*,†,‡ Ross Corriden,x Sylvain Cuvellier,*,†,‡ Ste´phanie Delga,*,†,‡ Re´mi Mounier,*,†,‡,{ Alexandre Rouquette,‖ Josette Raymond,‖ Dominique Lamarque,# Jean-Franc¸ois Emile,# Victor Nizet,x Eliette Touati,** and Carole Peyssonnaux*,†,‡ Helicobacter pylori infection triggers chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that may progress to gastric cancer. The hypoxia- inducible factors (HIFs) are the central mediators of cellular adaptation to low oxygen levels (hypoxia), but they have emerged recently as major transcriptional regulators of immunity and inflammation. No studies have investigated whether H. pylori affects HIF signaling in immune cells and a potential role for HIF in H. pylori–mediated gastritis. HIF-1 and HIF-2 expression was examined in human H. pylori–positive gastritis biopsies. Subsequent experiments were performed in naive and polarized bone marrow–derived macrophages from wild-type (WT) and myeloid HIF-1a–null mice (HIF-1Dmyel). WT and HIF-1Dmyel mice were inoculated with H. pylori by oral gavage and sacrificed 6 mo postinfection. HIF-1 was specifically expressed in macrophages of human H. pylori–positive gastritis biopsies. Macrophage HIF-1 strongly contributed to the induction of proinflammatory genes (IL-6, IL-1b) and inducible NO synthase in response to H. pylori. HIF-2 expression and markers of M2 macrophage differenti- ation were decreased in response to H. pylori. HIF-1Dmyel mice inoculated with H. pylori for 6 mo presented with a similar bacterial colonization than WT mice but, surprisingly, a global increase of inflammation, leading to a worsening of the gastritis, measured by an increased epithelial cell proliferation.
    [Show full text]