Übersetzungsprobleme Bei Untertitelungen Diplomarbeit

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Übersetzungsprobleme Bei Untertitelungen Diplomarbeit Übersetzungsprobleme bei Untertitelungen Kraftausdrücke und Kulturspezifika in der Animationsserie South Park Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Julia Payer am Institut für Theoretische und Angewandte Translationswissenschaft Begutachterin Univ.-Prof. Dr. phil. habil. Hanna Risku Graz, 2013 Danksagung An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich bei allen bedanken, die mich während meines Studiums begleitet haben. Allen voran danke ich meinen Eltern, die mich nicht nur finanziell unterstützt haben, sondern auch immer ein offenes Ohr für mich haben und mir in allen Lebenslagen zur Seite stehen. Meinem Papa bin ich sehr dankbar dafür, dass er den theoretischen Teil meiner Diplomarbeit korrekturgelesen und konstruktiv kritisiert hat. Ebenso danke ich besonders meinen Großeltern, die mir in den ersten Jahren meines Studiums ein Zuhause gegeben haben, in dem ich mich sehr wohl gefühlt habe. Ein weiterer Dank gilt Frau Univ.-Prof. Dr. phil. habil. Hanna Risku, die mir bereits bei der Konzepterstellung wertvolle Tipps gegeben hat und deren Rat während des Schreibens unverzichtbar war. Außerdem möchte ich meinen Freunden und meiner gesamten Familie danken, mit denen ich während meines Studiums immer viel Spaß hatte und die auf mein Können vertrauten, wenn sie Hilfe bei Übersetzungen benötigten. Zu guter Letzt danke ich meinem Freund, der es vor allem in der Schlussphase beim Verfassen meiner Diplomarbeit sicher nicht immer leicht mit mir hatte, mich aber trotzdem immer unterstützt und zu mir gestanden hat. 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung ............................................................................................................................. 8 1 Audiovisuelle Translation (AVT) .............................................................................. 11 1.1 Was ist Audiovisuelle Translation? ....................................................................... 11 1.2 Was ist ein audiovisueller Text? ............................................................................ 12 1.3 Geschichte der AVT .............................................................................................. 15 1.4 AVT in der Translationswissenschaft .................................................................... 17 1.5 Formen der audiovisuellen Translation ................................................................. 18 1.5.1 Synchronisation ............................................................................................. 19 1.5.2 Untertitelung .................................................................................................. 19 1.5.3 Voice-Over ..................................................................................................... 20 1.5.4 Übertitelung ................................................................................................... 20 2 Untertitelung .............................................................................................................. 21 2.1 Was versteht man unter Untertitelung? ................................................................. 21 2.2 Geschichte der Untertitelung: Damals und heute ................................................. 23 2.3 Untertitelarten ....................................................................................................... 25 2.3.1 Linguistische Unterscheidung ....................................................................... 26 2.3.2 Technische Unterscheidung ........................................................................... 27 2.4 Erstellung von Untertiteln ..................................................................................... 27 2.4.1 Techniken ....................................................................................................... 28 2.4.2 Prozess der Untertitelung............................................................................... 30 2.4.3 Beteiligte an einer Untertitelung ................................................................... 32 2.5 Untertitelung vs. Synchronisation ......................................................................... 34 2.5.1 Gründe für die Wahl von Untertitelung ......................................................... 37 3 Untertitelung in der TLW ......................................................................................... 39 3 3.1 Herausforderungen bei Untertitelungen ................................................................ 40 3.1.1 Formelle Einschränkungen ............................................................................ 40 3.1.2 Textuelle Einschränkungen ............................................................................ 43 3.1.3 Sprachliche Besonderheiten .......................................................................... 45 4 Kulturspezifika .......................................................................................................... 47 4.1 Was versteht man unter Kulturspezifika? ............................................................. 47 4.2 Übersetzung von Kulturspezifika in Untertitelungen ........................................... 48 5 Kraftausdrücke .......................................................................................................... 50 5.1 Was versteht man unter Kraftausdrücken? ........................................................... 50 5.2 Kraftausdrücke in den USA und im deutschsprachigen Raum ............................. 52 5.3 Übersetzung von Kraftausdrücken in Untertitelungen ......................................... 53 6 Fernsehserien ............................................................................................................. 56 6.1 Was versteht man unter Fernsehserie? .................................................................. 56 6.2 Fernsehserien damals und heute ........................................................................... 58 6.3 Fernsehserien auf DVDs ....................................................................................... 59 6.4 Untertitelung für Fernsehserien ............................................................................ 60 6.4.1 Untertitelung für DVDs ................................................................................. 61 7 South Park .................................................................................................................. 63 7.1 Hintergrundinformationen .................................................................................... 63 7.2 Inhalt ..................................................................................................................... 64 7.3 Wichtigste Charaktere ........................................................................................... 65 7.4 Erfolg in den USA und im deutschsprachigen Raum ........................................... 68 7.5 Kritik ..................................................................................................................... 68 8 Analysemodell ............................................................................................................ 70 9 Analyse ........................................................................................................................ 72 4 9.1 Analysegegenstand ............................................................................................... 72 9.2 Beispiele ................................................................................................................ 72 9.2.1 Kraftausdrücke............................................................................................... 73 9.2.2 Kulturspezifika .............................................................................................. 95 9.3 Schlussfolgerung ................................................................................................. 107 10 Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................... 110 11 Bibliografie ............................................................................................................... 112 5 Abbildungsverzeichnis Abb. 1: The double axis of the audiovisual text (Zabalbeascoa 2008:29) .......................... 14 Abb. 2: Übersetzen und Dolmetschen (Gottlieb 1997b:72) ................................................ 39 Abb. 3: Untertitelung (Gottlieb 1997b:72) ......................................................................... 39 Abb. 4: Stan Marsh (IMDb 2001a) ...................................................................................... 66 Abb. 5: Kyle Broflovski (IMDb 2001b) .............................................................................. 66 Abb. 6: Eric Cartman (IMDb 2001c) .................................................................................. 67 Abb. 7: Kenny McCormick (IMDb 2001d) ......................................................................... 67 Abb. 8: Many-to-many multimodal subtitle translation (Chuang 2006:375) ...................... 71 Abb. 9: Jimmy Buffet (Parker/Stone 2011a) ....................................................................... 73 Abb. 10: Kyle macht sich lustig (Parker/Stone 2011a) ....................................................... 75 Abb. 11: Cartman ärgert sich (Parker/Stone 2011a) ............................................................ 75 Abb. 12: Cartman und Butters verkleidet (Parker/Stone 2011a) ......................................... 77 Abb.
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