DOCSLIB.ORG

Asteraceae) from Turkey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Asteraceae) from Turkey Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 21(1): 19-25, 2014 (June) © 2014 Bangladesh Association of Plant Taxonomists ACHENE MICROMORPHOLOGY OF SEVEN TAXA OF ACHILLEA L. (ASTERACEAE) FROM TURKEY 1 2 TULAY AYTAS AKCIN AND ADNAN AKCIN Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun,Turkey Keywords: Achene micromorphology; Achillea; Slime cells; Turkey. Abstract Micromorphological characters of achenes in seven taxa of Turkish Achillea L. (Asteraceae) were investigated using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Some morphological descriptions of achenes were given for each species. A.biserrata Bieb. has the biggest (0.69±0.092 x 2.01±0.252 mm) and A. grandiflora Friv. has the smallest (0.30±0.018 x 1.12±0.058 mm) achenes. The achenes are oblong- lanceolate in A.biserrata and A. teretifolia Willd. and they are oblong in the remaining taxa. In surface sculpturing, the ornamentation and slime cell distribution varied among the taxa. However, A. biebersteinii Afan. has distinct slime cells forming groups scattered over the achene surface. Mature achenes are ribbed and glabrous in all studied taxa. A. biserrata has distinct carpopodium structure. Introduction The genus Achillea L. (Asteraceae) includes about 140 species distributed in South-west Asia and South-eastern Europe (Akyalcın et al., 2011). According to recent studies, the genus Achillea is represented in Turkey by 48 species (54 taxa), 24 of which are endemic for Anatolia (Akyalcın et al., 2011). Achillea L. is classified into five sections, namely sect. Othantus (Hoffmanns. & Link) Ehrend. & Y. P. Guo (one species), sect. Babounya (DC.) O. Hoffm. (30 species), sect. Ptarmica (Mill.) W.D.J. Koch (2 species), sect. Anthemoideae (DC.) Heimerl (2 species) and sect. Achillea (13 species) (Huber-Morath, 1975; Duman, 2000; Arabacı and Yıldız, 2006; Arabacı and Budak, 2009). Achene micromorphological characters have been found useful in systematics of the family Asteraceae (Abid and Qaiser, 2007a, b; Shekhar et al., 2011). Cypselar external morphology and anatomy in members of different tribes of Asteraceae are found important for delimitation of genera (Garg and Sharma, 2007; Pandey and Kumari, 2007). Abid and Qaiser (2002) studied cypselar morphology of Dittrichia Greuter, Duhaldea DC., Inula L., Iphiona Cass. and Pentanema Cass. (Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir and concluded that two distinct groups of taxa can be recognized. It was confirmed that most of the species of Anaphalis DC. (Asteraceae) were delimited due to their distinct micromorphological characters of cypsela (Abid and Qaiser, 2007a). Zhu et al. (2006) concluded that achene wall anatomy and surface sculpturing of Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) and related genera displayed variation within genera. Slime cells are widespread in higher plants, especially in fruits and/or seeds in different families, viz., Brassicaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Plantaginaceae, Linaceae, Malvaceae and Lamiaceae (Huang et al., 2000; Western et al., 2000). Slime cells are usually rectangular and they form ladder-like columns that are elongated in a parallel form to the long axis of the achene. Within the Asteraceae, slime cells have been reported in Achillea (Kreitschitz and Valles, 2007; Akcin and 1Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey 20 AKCIN AND AKCIN Akcin, 2010), Anthemis L., Chrysanthemum L. (Grubert, 1974) and Artemisia L. (Huang et al., 2000; Yakovleva et al., 2002). It is also suggested that slime plays an important role in controlling of germination, mostly in plants that grow in the condition of water deficiency in arid and semiarid environments (Kreitschitz and Valles, 2007). It can also help fruit or seed dispersal and defence against pathogens (Huang and Gutterman,1999; Huang et al., 2000). Despite several studies on achene micromorphology of Achillea were carried out recently (Abid and Qaiser, 2009; Akcin and Akcin, 2010), however, there is very little information on the Turkish taxa. The main aim of the present work is to study the detailed achene morphology of some Turkish taxa belonging to the genus Achillea and to find out how useful these characters are in the systematics of the genus Achillea. Materials and Methods Achenes of Achillea L. taxa were studied by stereomicroscope (Leica T1A) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (JEOL-Neoscope JCM-5000). The studied plant materials were collected from different populations in Turkey. A list of specimens examined is given in Table 1. The specimens have been deposited at the Herbarium of the Department of Biology, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Turkey (OMUB). Table 1. List of Achillea L. taxa examined along with their vouchers. Taxon Vouchers Sect. Achillea s. lat. 1. Achillea biebersteinii Afan. A5 Amasya: Vicinity of Amasya Education Faculty, road side, 550 m, 11.6.2010, T. Akcin, OMUB 6446 2. A. coarctata Poir. B5 Kayseri: Kayseri to Avanos, road side, 1100 m, 10.6. 2008, T. Akcin, OMUB 6447 3. A. grandifolia Friv. A6 Samsun: Kocadağ, 1200 m, 20.7.2008, A. Akcin, OMUB 6448 4. A. millefolium L. subsp. A5 Kırşehir: Mucur, 900 m, 21.6.2009, A. Akcin, OMUB 6444 millefolium 5. A. millefolium L. subsp. A5 Amasya: Yemişen village, 800 m, 28.7.2010, A. Akcin, OMUB pannonica (Scheele) Hayek 6445 Sect. Babounya (DC.) O. Hoffm. 6. A. teretifolia Willd. (endemic) A5 Amasya: Yemişen village, road side, 750 m, 28.7.2010, T. Akçin, OMUB 6442 Sect. Ptarmica (Mill.) W.D.J. Koch 7. A. biserrata Bieb. A6 Samsun: Kocadağ, 1200 m, 14.7.2009, T. Akcin, OMUB 6443 The achenes were examined using a stereomicroscope to ensure size, shape, colour and maturity. In order to determine the average achene sizes, 25 mature achenes were measured. For SEM observations, the mature achenes were placed on stubs using double-sided adhesive tape. Following that, they were observed and photographed with a JEOL-Neoscope JCM-5000 scanning electron microscope. The terminology of achene surface patterns adopted is mainly from Barthlott (1981, 1984), Barthlott et al. (1998) and Johnson et al. (2004). ACHENE MICROMORPHOLOGY OF ACHILLEA L. 21 Results and Discussion In the present study, achene morphology of seven taxa belonging to the genus Achillea were reported for the first time. Within the examined taxa, A. teretifolia is endemic to Turkey (Ekim et al., 2000). Achene shapes were oblong-lanceolate in A. biserrata and A. teretifolia, oblong in A. millefolium subsp. millefolium, A. millefolium subsp. pannonica, A. coarctata, A. biebersteinii and A. grandifolia (Table 2). When achene width and length were considered, different groups were obtained (P < 0.001, Table 2). The widest (0.69±0.092 mm) and longest (2.01±0.252 mm) achenes were seen in A. biserrata (Table 2). Mature achenes ribbed and glabrous in all studied taxa. Achene colours vary from brown to light brown and yellowish-brown. The position of carpopodium is almost similar (basal) in all taxa studied. However, carpopodium is with narrow circular ring in A. teretifolia (Fig. 1a), A. millefolium subsp. millefolium (Fig. 1e), A. millefolium subsp. pannonica (Fig.1h), A. coarctata (Fig. 2m), A. biebersteinii (Fig. 2j) and A. grandifolia (Fig. 2o). On the other hand, A. biserrata could be separated from other taxa due to its carpopodium shape (Fig. 1c). Abid and Qaiser (2009) reported that cypselar features may also be utilized for specific delimitation as the species of Fig. 1. SEM micrographs of achenes in Achillea L. a-b) A. teretifolia; c-d) A. biserrata; e-g) A. millefolium subsp. millefolium; h-i) A. millefolium subsp. pannonica, ep = epidermal cells; sl = slime cells. 22 AKCIN AND AKCIN ACHENE MICROMORPHOLOGY OF ACHILLEA L. 23 Achillea are grouped on the basis of ribbed and non-ribbed cypsela. A. millefolium was observed to have 10-12 ribbed yellowish-brown cypsela, while non-ribbed cypselas are characteristics for A. wilhemsii (Abid and Qaiser, 2009). Similarly, A. millefolium as indicated by Abid and Qaiser (2009) seperated from A. wilhemsii by the presence of circular ring shaped carpopodium, while A. wilhemsii has carpopodium with 4-6 lobed ring. The present investigation also support the observation of Abid and Qaiser (2009). The achenes of A. millefolium subsp. millefolium and A. millefolium subsp. pannonica have a circular ring shaped carpopodium and the ribbed surface of achenes (Figs 1 e-i). However, carpopodium diameters of the achenes differ in the taxa (P< 0.001, Table 2). The widest carpopodium diameter was present in A. biserrata (215.93 ± 41.751 µm) followed by A. grandifolia (215.91 ± 9.703 µm), while it was narrow in A. biebersteinii (120.68 ± 4.088 µm). The diameters of foramen of carpopodium among the studied taxa were not significant (P < 0.001, Table 2). Slime envelope formation is known in several plant families, including the Asteraceae (Kreitschitz and Valles, 2007). Within the Achillea genus, slime has been reported previously (Grubert, 1974; Akçin and Akçin, 2010). Our results confirmed the presence of slime in the investigated Achillea taxa. Slime cells are usually rectangular and they form ladder-like columns that are elongated in a parallel form to the long axis of the achene (Figs. 1b, 2k,l,n). Slime cells can either cover almost entire surface of the achene as in A. biserrata (Fig. 1d) and A. coarctata (Fig. 2n), or alternate with the epidermal cells in A. millefolium subsp. millefolium (Figs 1f-g), and A. biebersteinii (Figs 2k-l). A distinct pattern occurs in A. biebersteinii achenes (Figs 2k-l), where slime cells form groups scattered over the achene surface. Slime formation on the fruit and/or seed surface is known to be an ecological adaptation to limited availability of water (Huang and Gutterman, 1999; Huang et al., 2000). Several authors showed that the presence of the slime envelope facilitates the adherence of achenes to the soil surface and makes germination easier (Huang et al., 2000; Kreitschitz and Valles, 2007).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Studies in the Compositae of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra – 3
    Willdenowia 29 – 1999 197 SUSANNE KING-JONES & NORBERT KILIAN Studies in the Compositae of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra – 3. Pluchea aromatica from Socotra is actually a species of Pulicaria (Inuleae) Abstract King-Jones [née Hunger], S. & Kilian, N.: Studies in the Compositae of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra – 3. Pluchea aromatica from Socotra is actually a species of Pulicaria (Inuleae).– Willdenowia 29: 197-202. 1999 – ISSN 0511-9618. An endemic shrub from Socotra, only known from a few late 19th century collections and hitherto misplaced in Pluchea (Plucheeae) is studied with respect to, in particular, flower, achene and pappus morphology. The species is placed in Pulicaria and the new combination Pulicaria aromatica is made. Pluchea aromatica, which was characterized by Isaac Balfour (1888: 126) as “a very beautiful, small, and strongly aromatic shrub of the higher parts of the Haghier hills” is known from only five collections, made during four expeditions to Socotra between 1880 and 1899. In spite of ex- tensive collecting activities on Socotra over the last years, the species has not been recollected. This is rather surprising, as it was collected in the late 19th century not only at higher altitudes of the Haghier Mountains but also on its foothills not far from the main settlement of the island. It was even known locally by a vernacular Socotri name, reported independently from two of its collectors. Balfour had already expressed some uncertainty about the placement of this species in Pluchea. In the course of a revision of Pluchea in the Old World and Australia by the senior au- thor (Hunger 1996, 1997, King-Jones in prep.) it became obvious that the species is not only mis- placed in Pluchea but is not even a member of the Plucheeae.
    [Show full text]
  • Restoration of Sagebrush Grassland for Greater Sage Grouse Habitat in Grasslands National Park, Saskatchewan
    RESTORATION OF SAGEBRUSH GRASSLAND FOR GREATER SAGE GROUSE HABITAT IN GRASSLANDS NATIONAL PARK, SASKATCHEWAN By Autumn-Lynn Watkinson A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Land Reclamation and Remediation Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta © Autumn-Lynn Watkinson, 2020 ABSTRACT Populations of Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus Bonaparte [Phasianidae]; hereafter Sage-grouse) have been in decline in North America for the last 100 years; since 1988, the Canadian population has declined by 98 %. Initial declines of Sage-grouse populations were likely due to habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, which continue to be major contributors to ongoing declines. This research focused on developing methods to improve restoration of Sage-grouse habitat by increasing establishment, growth, and survival of Silver sagebrush (Artemisia cana Pursh), a critical component of Sage grouse habitat. Field research was conducted in Grasslands National Park (GNP), Saskatchewan, Canada. Models that enable the calculation of seeding or planting densities to obtain desired sagebrush cover within specific time frames are essential for restoration. Cover and density of naturally occurring Artemisia cana stands were measured in 10 m x 10 m plots, with stem diameter, crown diameter, canopy cover, and age measured on individuals. Sagebrush mortality was estimated from stand age demographics, and seedling survival of other studies. Strong relationships between morphological characteristics and age were found. Age was significantly correlated with stem diameter (r2 = 0.79) allowing non-destructive age estimations to be made for Artemisia cana. Age was also correlated to canopy cover (r2 = 0.49 to 0.67) and allowed models of Artemisia cana landscape cover over time at different planting densities to be constructed.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny of Subtribe Artemisiinae (Asteraceae), Including Artemisia and Its Allied and Segregate Genera Linda E
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences Papers in the Biological Sciences 9-26-2002 Molecular phylogeny of Subtribe Artemisiinae (Asteraceae), including Artemisia and its allied and segregate genera Linda E. Watson Miami University, [email protected] Paul E. Bates University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Timonthy M. Evans Hope College, [email protected] Matthew M. Unwin Miami University, [email protected] James R. Estes University of Nebraska State Museum, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub Watson, Linda E.; Bates, Paul E.; Evans, Timonthy M.; Unwin, Matthew M.; and Estes, James R., "Molecular phylogeny of Subtribe Artemisiinae (Asteraceae), including Artemisia and its allied and segregate genera" (2002). Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences. 378. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub/378 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. BMC Evolutionary Biology BioMed Central Research2 BMC2002, Evolutionary article Biology x Open Access Molecular phylogeny of Subtribe Artemisiinae (Asteraceae), including Artemisia and its allied and segregate genera Linda E Watson*1, Paul L Bates2, Timothy M Evans3,
    [Show full text]
  • (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir
    Genus Inula L. (s. str.) (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir RUBINA ABID & MOHAMMAD QAISER ABSTRACT ABID, R. & M. QAISER (2002). Genus Inula L. (s. str.) (Compositae-Inuleae) in Pakistan and Kashmir. Candollea 56: 315-325. In English, English and French abstracts. A revision of the genus Inula L. ( s. str .) in Pakistan and Kashmir is presented; eleven species are recognized including Inula stewartii Abid & Qaiser as a species new to science. In addition, key to the related genera and species, distribution, ecological notes and an illustration of the new spe - cies, are also provided. RÉSUMÉ ABID, R. & M. QAISER (2002). Le genre Inula L. (s. str.) (Compositae-Inuleae) au Pakistan et au Cachemire. Candollea 56: 315-325. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. Une révision du genre Inula L. ( s. str. ) est présentée. Onze espèces sont reconnues dont Inula ste - wartii Abid & Qaiser, espèce nouvelle pour la science. Une clé de détermination des genres affines et des espèces reconnues est fournie, ainsi que la distribution, des commentaires écologiques et une illustration de la nouvelle espèce. KEY-WORDS: Inula – COMPOSITAE – Pakistan – Kashmir. Introduction The genus Inula L. ( s. str. ) belongs to the tribe Inuleae of the family Compositae including about 100 species, mainly distributed in Europe, Africa and Asia. The genus Inula was described by LINNAEUS with thirteen species (1753, 1754). The pro - tologue used by LINNAEUS was quite generalized as he did not give the weightage to the finer details of floral characters. Later on, this genus was treated by variuos workers from time to time (viz., CANDOLLE, 1836; BENTHAM & HOOKER, 1873; BOISSIER, 1875; CLARKE, 1876; HOOKER, 1881; BECK, 1882; HOFFMANN, 1890; GORSCHKOVA, 1959; KITAMURA, 1960; GRIERSON, 1975; BALL & TUTIN, 1976; RECHINGER, 1980; ANDERBERG, 1991; KUMAR, 1995).
    [Show full text]
  • Life Science Journal 2015;12(9) 101
    Life Science Journal 2015;12(9) http://www.lifesciencesite.com DNA Barcoding of two endangered medicinal Plants from Abou Galoom protectorate H. El-Atroush1, M. Magdy2 and O. Werner3 1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt. 2 Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shubra, 12411, Cairo, Egypt. 3 Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain. [email protected] Abstract: DNA barcoding is a recent and widely used molecular-based identification system that aims to identify biological specimens, and to assign them to a given species. However, DNA barcoding is even more than this, and besides many practical uses, it can be considered the core of an integrated taxonomic system, where bioinformatics plays a key role. DNA barcoding data could be interpreted in different ways depending on the examined taxa but the technique relies on standardized approaches, methods and analyses. We tested two medicinal endangered plants (Cleome droserifolia and Iphiona scabra) using two DNA barcoding regions (ITS and rbcL). The ITS and rbcL regions showed good universality, and therefore the efficiency of these loci as DNA barcodes. The two loci were easy to amplify and sequence and showed significant inter-specific genetic variability, making them potentially useful DNA barcodes for higher plants. The standard chloroplast DNA barcode for land plants recommended by the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) plant working group needs to be evaluated for a wide range of plant species. We therefore tested the potentiality of the ITS and rbcl markers for the identification of two medicinal endangered species, which were collected from Abou Galoom protectrate, South Sinai, Egypt.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical Contents of Five Artemisia Species Murat KURSAT 1*, Irfan EMRE 2, Okkeş YILMAZ 3, Semsettin CIVELEK 3, Ersin DEMIR 4, Ismail TURKOGLU 5
    AvailableKursat online:M et al. /www.notulaebiologicae.ro Not Sci Biol, 2015, 7(4):495-499 Print ISSN 2067-3205; Electronic 2067-3264 Not Sci Biol, 2015, 7(4):495-499. DOI: 10.15835/nsb.7.4.9683 Phytochemical Contents of Five Artemisia Species Murat KURSAT 1*, Irfan EMRE 2, Okkeş YILMAZ 3, Semsettin CIVELEK 3, Ersin DEMIR 4, Ismail TURKOGLU 5 1Bitlis Eren University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Biology, Bitlis, 13000, Turkey; [email protected] (*corresponding author) 2Firat University, Faculty of Education, Department of Primary Education, 23119 Elazig, Turkey 3Firat University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Biology, 23119 Elazig, Turkey 4Duzce University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Duzce, Turkey 5Firat University, Faculty of Education, Department of Secondary Science and Mathematics Education, 23119 Elazig, Turkey Abstract In the present study, the fatty acid compositions, vitamin, sterol contents and flavonoid constituents of five Turkish Artemisia species (A. armeniaca , A. incana , A. tournefortiana, A. haussknechtii and A. scoparia ) were determined by GC and HPLC techniques. The results of the fatty acid analysis showed that Artemisia species possess high saturated fatty acid compositions. On the other hand, the studied Artemisia species were found to have low vitamin and sterol contents. Eight flavononids (catechin, naringin, rutin, myricetin, morin, naringenin, quercetin, kaempferol) were determined in the present study. It was found that Artemisia species contained high levels of flavonoids. Morin (45.35 ± 0.65 – 1406.79 ± 4.12 μg/g) and naringenin (15.32 ± 0.46 – 191.18 ± 1.22 μg/g) were identified in all five species. Naringin (268.13 ± 1.52 – 226.43 ± 1.17 μg/g) and kaempferol (21.74 ± 0.65 – 262.19 ± 1.38 μg/g) contents were noted in the present study.
    [Show full text]
  • Seed Mucilage Components in 11 Alyssum Taxa Brassicaceae from Turkey and Their Taxonomical and Ecological Significance
    www.biodicon.com Biological Diversity and Conservation ISSN 1308-8084 Online; ISSN 1308-5301 Print 11/2 (2018) 60-64 Research article/Araştırma makalesi Seed mucilage components in 11 Alyssum taxa (Brassicaceae) from Turkey and their taxonomical and ecological significance Mehmet Cengiz KARAİSMAİLOĞLU *1 1 Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul, Turkey Abstract In this work, mucilage characterization and their taxonomical and ecological significance in the seeds of 11 Alyssum taxa (A. dasycarpum var. dasycarpum, A. desertorum, A. filiforme, A. hirsutum var. hirsutum, A. linifolium var. linifolium, A. minutum, Alyssum murale var. murale, A. parviflorum, A. sibiricum, A. strictum and A. strigosum subsp. strigosum) were investigated. The mucilage producing cells were seen on the seed surface of the all studied taxa when hydrated in water. The seed mucilage was comprised of cellulose or pectin in the all examined taxa. There were differences in columella lines such as flattened, prominent or reduced forms. Besides, soil adhesion capacities of the seeds of the examined taxa ranged from 29 mg to 106 mg. The mucilage production in examined taxa can provide advantages in seed dispersion and colonization. Key words: Alyssum, colonization, morphology, pectin, mucilage ---------- ---------- Türkiye’den 11 Alyssum taksonundaki tohum musilaj bileşenleri ve onların taksonomik ve ekolojik önemi Özet Bu çalışmada, 11 Alyssum taksonunun (A. dasycarpum var. dasycarpum, A. desertorum, A. filiforme, A. hirsutum var. hirsutum, A. linifolium var. linifolium, A. minutum, Alyssum murale var. murale, A. parviflorum, A. sibiricum, A. strictum ve A. strigosum subsp. strigosum) tohumlarındaki musilaj karakterizasyonu ve onların taksonomik ve ekolojik önemi çalışılmıştır. Musilaj hücreleri su ile temas halinde çalışılan taksonların tohum yüzeylerinde görülmüştür.
    [Show full text]
  • Linking Performance Trait Stability with Species Distribution: the Case of Artemisia and Its Close Relatives in Northern China Xuejun Yang, Zhenying Huang, David L
    Journal of Vegetation Science 27 (2016) 123–132 Linking performance trait stability with species distribution: the case of Artemisia and its close relatives in northern China Xuejun Yang, Zhenying Huang, David L. Venable, Lei Wang, Keliang Zhang, Jerry M. Baskin, Carol C. Baskin & Johannes H. C. Cornelissen Keywords Abstract Artemisia; Biomass; Environmental gradient; Height; Niche breadth; Performance trait; Aims: Understanding the relationship between species and environments is at Species range the heart of ecology and biology. Ranges of species depend strongly on environ- mental factors, but our limited understanding of relationships between range Nomenclature and trait stability of species across environments hampers our ability to predict ECCAS (1974–1999) their future ranges. Species that occur over a wide range (and thus have wide Received 26 November 2014 niche breadth) will have high variation in morpho-physiological traits in Accepted 25 June 2015 response to environmental conditions, thereby permitting stability of perfor- Co-ordinating Editor: Norman Mason mance traits and enabling plants to survive in a range of environments. We hypothesized that species’ niche breadth is negatively correlated with the rate of performance trait change along an environmental gradient. Yang, X. ([email protected])1, Huang, Z. (corresponding author, Location: Northern China. [email protected] )1, Venable, D.L. (corresponding author, Methods: We analysed standing biomass and height of 48 species of Asteraceae [email protected])2, (Artemisia and its close relatives) collected from 65 sites along an environmental Wang, L. ([email protected])3, gradient across northern China. Zhang, K. ([email protected])1, Baskin, J.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Relationship Between Chemical Composition and in Vitro Digestibility
    GREEK MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE SPECIAL SECRETARIAT FOR FORESTS & HELLENIC RANGE AND PASTURE SOCIETY Dry Grasslands of Europe: Grazing and Ecosystem Services Proceedings of 9th European Dry Grassland Meeting (EDGM) Prespa, Greece, 19-23 May 2012 Co-organized by European Dry Grassland Group (EDGG, www.edgg.org) & Hellenic Range and Pasture Society (HERPAS, www.elet.gr) Edited by Vrahnakis M., A.P. Kyriazopoulos, D. Chouvardas and G. Fotiadis © 2013 HELLENIC RANGE AND PASTURE SOCIETY (HERPAS) ISBN 978-960-86416-5-5 THESSALONIKI, GREECE 2013 2 SCIENTIFIC COMITTEE President: Koukoura Zoi, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Members: Abraham Eleni, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Acar Zeki, Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey Arabatzis Garyfallos, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece Fotelli Mariangella, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece Kazoglou Yiannis, Municipality of Prespa, Greece Koc Ali, Atatürk University, Turkey Korakis Georgios, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece Kourakli Peri, Birdlife Europe, Greece Mantzanas, Konstantinos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Merou Theodora, Technological Educational Institute of Kavala, Greece Orfanoudakis Michail, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece Parissi Zoi, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Parnikoza Ivan, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ukraine Sidiropoulou Anna, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Strid Arne, Professor Emeritus, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Theodoropoulos Kostantinos,
    [Show full text]
  • Anthemideae Christoph Oberprieler, Sven Himmelreich, Mari Källersjö, Joan Vallès, Linda E
    Chapter38 Anthemideae Christoph Oberprieler, Sven Himmelreich, Mari Källersjö, Joan Vallès, Linda E. Watson and Robert Vogt HISTORICAL OVERVIEW The circumscription of Anthemideae remained relatively unchanged since the early artifi cial classifi cation systems According to the most recent generic conspectus of Com- of Lessing (1832), Hoff mann (1890–1894), and Bentham pos itae tribe Anthemideae (Oberprieler et al. 2007a), the (1873), and also in more recent ones (e.g., Reitbrecht 1974; tribe consists of 111 genera and ca. 1800 species. The Heywood and Humphries 1977; Bremer and Humphries main concentrations of members of Anthemideae are in 1993), with Cotula and Ursinia being included in the tribe Central Asia, the Mediterranean region, and southern despite extensive debate (Bentham 1873; Robinson and Africa. Members of the tribe are well known as aromatic Brettell 1973; Heywood and Humphries 1977; Jeff rey plants, and some are utilized for their pharmaceutical 1978; Gadek et al. 1989; Bruhl and Quinn 1990, 1991; and/or pesticidal value (Fig. 38.1). Bremer and Humphries 1993; Kim and Jansen 1995). The tribe Anthemideae was fi rst described by Cassini Subtribal classifi cation, however, has created considerable (1819: 192) as his eleventh tribe of Compositae. In a diffi culties throughout the taxonomic history of the tribe. later publication (Cassini 1823) he divided the tribe into Owing to the artifi ciality of a subtribal classifi cation based two major groups: “Anthémidées-Chrysanthémées” and on the presence vs. absence of paleae, numerous attempts “An thé midées-Prototypes”, based on the absence vs. have been made to develop a more satisfactory taxonomy presence of paleae (receptacular scales).
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny of Chrysanthemum , Ajania and Its Allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) As Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast Trn LF IGS Sequences
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/248021556 Molecular phylogeny of Chrysanthemum , Ajania and its allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trn LF IGS sequences ARTICLE in PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION · FEBRUARY 2010 Impact Factor: 1.42 · DOI: 10.1007/s00606-009-0242-0 CITATIONS READS 25 117 5 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Hongbo Zhao Sumei Chen Zhejiang A&F University Nanjing Agricultural University 15 PUBLICATIONS 56 CITATIONS 97 PUBLICATIONS 829 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, Available from: Hongbo Zhao letting you access and read them immediately. Retrieved on: 02 December 2015 Plant Syst Evol (2010) 284:153–169 DOI 10.1007/s00606-009-0242-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Molecular phylogeny of Chrysanthemum, Ajania and its allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trnL-F IGS sequences Hong-Bo Zhao • Fa-Di Chen • Su-Mei Chen • Guo-Sheng Wu • Wei-Ming Guo Received: 14 April 2009 / Accepted: 25 October 2009 / Published online: 4 December 2009 Ó Springer-Verlag 2009 Abstract To better understand the evolutionary history, positions of some ambiguous taxa were renewedly con- intergeneric relationships and circumscription of Chry- sidered. Subtribe Artemisiinae was chiefly divided into two santhemum and Ajania and the taxonomic position of groups, (1) one corresponding to Chrysanthemum, Arc- some small Asian genera (Anthemideae, Asteraceae), the tanthemum, Ajania, Opisthopappus and Elachanthemum sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed (the Chrysanthemum group), (2) another to Artemisia, spacer (nrDNA ITS) and the chloroplast trnL-F intergenic Crossostephium, Neopallasia and Sphaeromeria (the spacer (cpDNA IGS) were newly obtained for 48 taxa and Artemisia group).
    [Show full text]
  • Willdenowia Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem
    Willdenowia Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem JOACHIM W. KADEREIT1*, DIRK C. ALBACH2, FRIEDRICH EHRENDORFER3, MERCÈ GALBANY-CASALS4, NÚRIA GARCIA-JACAS5, BERIT GEHRKE1, GUDRUN KADEREIT6,1, NORBERT KILIAN7, JOHANNES T. KLEIN1, MARCUS A. KOCH8, MATTHIAS KROPF9, CHRISTOPH OBERPRIELER10, MICHAEL D. PIRIE1,11, CHRISTIANE M. RITZ12, MARTIN RÖSER13, KRZYSZTOF SPALIK14, ALFONSO SUSANNA5, MAXIMILIAN WEIGEND15, ERIK WELK16, KARSTEN WESCHE12,17, LI-BING ZHANG18 & MARKUS S. DILLENBERGER1 Which changes are needed to render all genera of the German lora monophyletic? Version of record irst published online on 24 March 2016 ahead of inclusion in April 2016 issue. Abstract: The use of DNA sequence data in plant systematics has brought us closer than ever to formulating well- founded hypotheses about phylogenetic relationships, and phylogenetic research keeps on revealing that plant genera as traditionally circumscribed often are not monophyletic. Here, we assess the monophyly of all genera of vascular plants found in Germany. Using a survey of the phylogenetic literature, we discuss which classiications would be consistent with the phylogenetic relationships found and could be followed, provided monophyly is accepted as the primary criterion for circumscribing taxa. We indicate whether and which names are available when changes in ge- neric assignment are made (but do not present a comprehensive review of the nomenclatural aspects of such names). Among the 840 genera examined, we identiied c. 140 where data quality is suiciently high to conclude that they are not monophyletic, and an additional c. 20 where monophyly is questionable but where data quality is not yet suicient to reach convincing conclusions. While it is still iercely debated how a phylogenetic tree should be trans- lated into a classiication, our results could serve as a guide to the likely consequences of systematic research for the taxonomy of the German lora and the loras of neighbouring countries.
    [Show full text]