DOCSLIB.ORG

Willdenowia Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Willdenowia Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem Willdenowia Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem JOACHIM W. KADEREIT1*, DIRK C. ALBACH2, FRIEDRICH EHRENDORFER3, MERCÈ GALBANY-CASALS4, NÚRIA GARCIA-JACAS5, BERIT GEHRKE1, GUDRUN KADEREIT6,1, NORBERT KILIAN7, JOHANNES T. KLEIN1, MARCUS A. KOCH8, MATTHIAS KROPF9, CHRISTOPH OBERPRIELER10, MICHAEL D. PIRIE1,11, CHRISTIANE M. RITZ12, MARTIN RÖSER13, KRZYSZTOF SPALIK14, ALFONSO SUSANNA5, MAXIMILIAN WEIGEND15, ERIK WELK16, KARSTEN WESCHE12,17, LI-BING ZHANG18 & MARKUS S. DILLENBERGER1 Which changes are needed to render all genera of the German lora monophyletic? Version of record irst published online on 24 March 2016 ahead of inclusion in April 2016 issue. Abstract: The use of DNA sequence data in plant systematics has brought us closer than ever to formulating well- founded hypotheses about phylogenetic relationships, and phylogenetic research keeps on revealing that plant genera as traditionally circumscribed often are not monophyletic. Here, we assess the monophyly of all genera of vascular plants found in Germany. Using a survey of the phylogenetic literature, we discuss which classiications would be consistent with the phylogenetic relationships found and could be followed, provided monophyly is accepted as the primary criterion for circumscribing taxa. We indicate whether and which names are available when changes in ge- neric assignment are made (but do not present a comprehensive review of the nomenclatural aspects of such names). Among the 840 genera examined, we identiied c. 140 where data quality is suiciently high to conclude that they are not monophyletic, and an additional c. 20 where monophyly is questionable but where data quality is not yet suicient to reach convincing conclusions. While it is still iercely debated how a phylogenetic tree should be trans- lated into a classiication, our results could serve as a guide to the likely consequences of systematic research for the taxonomy of the German lora and the loras of neighbouring countries. Key words: classiication, generic circumscription, German lora, monophyly, phylogeny Article history: Received 4 November 2015; peer-review completed 22 December 2015; received in revised form 10 January 2016; accepted for publication 14 January 2016. Citation: Kadereit J. W., Albach D. C., Ehrendorfer F., Galbany-Casals M., Garcia-Jacas N., Gehrke B., Kadereit G., Kilian N., Klein J. T., Koch M. A., Kropf M., Oberprieler C., Pirie M. D., Ritz C. M., Röser M., Spalik K., Susanna A., Weigend M., Welk E., Wesche K., Zhang L.-B. & Dillenberger M. S. 2016: Which changes are needed to render all genera of the German lora monophyletic? – Willdenowia 46: 39 – 91. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.46.46105 1 Institut für Spezielle Botanik und Botanischer Garten, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; *e- mail: [email protected] (author for correspondence); [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Institute for biology and environmental sciences, Carl von Ossietzky-University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9 – 11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Department for Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, A-1040 Wien, Rennweg 14, Austria; e-mail: friedrich. [email protected] 4 Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra, Spain; e-mail: [email protected] 5 Botanic Institute of Barcelona (CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia s. n., ES-08038 Barcelona, Spain; e-mail: [email protected]. es; [email protected] 6 Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; e-mail: clausing@uni-mainz. de 7 Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 6 – 8, D-14195 Berlin, Ger- many; e-mail: [email protected] 8 Centre for Organismal Studies, Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 9 Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Gregor Mendel-Str. 33, A-1180 Wien, Austria; e-mail: [email protected] (Addresses continued on next page) 40 Kadereit & al.: Rendering all genera of the German lora monophyletic Introduction ever, most plant systematists (hopefully) will agree that the use of DNA sequence data in plant systematics has “All a taxonomist’s decisions are subject to revision in brought us closer than ever to formulating solid hypoth- time” (Davis & Heywood 1973), and indeed even the eses about phylogenetic relationships, which could serve most cursory comparison of taxa at any rank through as basis for classiication. Perhaps ironically, exactly the history of plant systematics reveals that their circum- how to translate a phylogenetic tree into a classiication scription has changed again and again. For example, as has resulted in ierce debates. Probably the majority of regards Rothmaler’s “Exkursionslora von Deutsch- authors will argue that the branching pattern of a phy- land”, used as basis for the present paper, well over 40 logenetic tree should be the primary criterion for clas- genera have been subject to changes in circumscription siication and that only monophyletic taxa (consisting when comparing the 19th and 20th editions of the Grund- of ALL descendants of one common ancestor) should band (Jäger 2012). Major reasons for changes in taxon be accepted. Some nevertheless maintain that non- circumscription, as described and discussed in great de- monophyletic taxa should also be accepted in order for tail by e.g. Davis & Heywood (1973) and Stuessy (2009), classiication to depict not only patterns of phylogenetic include the discovery of new species, availability of new relationship, i.e. tree topology, but also degree of (phe- data (characters), new approaches in data analysis, and, notypic) divergence. (Most of these latter authors will often related to the preceding point, changes in concepts describe the taxa they think of as paraphyletic; however, of classiication. At any point in time an author suggest- as is evident from Fig. 1, assessments of taxa as either ing change of taxon circumscription will have believed paraphyletic or as polyphyletic based on tree topology to provide something “better”, where “better” had to be alone are alternative ways to read a phylogenetic tree.) evaluated against the aim and purpose of the classiica- It is not our aim here to summarize or add to that discus- tion. sion. For that, the reader is referred to a recent review Post-Linnaean plant systematists (and indeed some by Schmidt-Lebuhn (2012), a proponent for recognizing systematists before Linnaeus) increasingly aimed at only monophyletic taxa, and a response to that review producing a “natural system” in which a priori selec- by Stuessy & Hörandl (2014), opponents to that view. It tion of characters used for classiication was replaced by is also not the aim of this paper to provide a general re- the simultaneous evaluation of many characters (Davis view of changes of genus concepts through time, which & Heywood 1973; Stuessy 2009). With the publication have been reviewed and discussed repeatedly (e.g. Hum- of Darwin’s (1859) “Origin of Species”, introducing the phreys & Linder 2009 and references therein). concept of evolution, “natural” obtained a new meaning, Instead, our aims are: (1) Taking the generic circum- and “natural” taxa were interpreted as groups of com- scriptions of the 19th edition of the Grundband of Roth- mon ancestry. Although “Post-Darwinian systems have maler (Jäger 2005) as starting point, to identify genera difered little in content, though they have difered in ar- which are not or not unequivocally monophyletic. Such rangement, from those of the later pre-Darwinian taxono- conclusions are based on a thorough survey of the phy- mists” (Davis & Heywood 1973), “After Darwin, virtu- logenetic literature. We make an efort to assess the qual- ally all comprehensive systems of classiication of plants ity of published phylogenies in terms of taxon sampling, were avowedly phylogenetic” (Stuessy 2009). DNA regions analysed and support for relationships We are far from having DNA sequences of all spe- identiied. This sometimes results in the conclusion that cies, and probably even farther from resolving all rela- a given genus may or may not be monophyletic, but that tionships among species and higher level lineages. How- the data available are too preliminary for drawing taxo- (Addresses continued from previous page) 10 Evolutionary and Systematic Botany, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regens- burg, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 11 Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; e-mail: mpirie@sun. ac.za 12 Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, PF 300 154, D-02806 Görlitz, Germany; e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 13 Institut für Biologie/Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Neuwerk 21, D-06108 Halle, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 14 Department of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 101 Żwirki i Wigury str., 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] 15 Nees-Institut für Biodiversität
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pollinator Niche Partitioning and Asymmetric Facilitation Contribute to The
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.02.974022; this version posted March 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 1 Pollinator niche partitioning and asymmetric facilitation contribute to the 2 maintenance of diversity 3 Na Wei,1,2* Rainee L. Kaczorowski,1 Gerardo Arceo-Gómez,1,3 Elizabeth M. O'Neill,1 Rebecca 4 A. Hayes,1 Tia-Lynn Ashman1* 5 Affiliations: 6 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. 7 2The Holden Arboretum, Kirtland, OH, USA. 8 3Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA. 9 *Corresponding authors. Email: [email protected] and [email protected]. 10 Abstract: 11 Mechanisms that favor rare species are key to the maintenance of diversity. One of the most 12 critical tasks for biodiversity conservation is understanding how plant–pollinator mutualisms 13 contribute to the persistence of rare species, yet this remains poorly understood. Using a process- 14 based model that integrates plant–pollinator and interspecific pollen transfer networks with floral 15 functional traits, we show that niche partitioning in pollinator use and asymmetric facilitation 16 confer fitness advantage of rare species in a biodiversity hotspot. While co-flowering species 17 filtered pollinators via floral traits, rare species showed greater pollinator specialization leading 18 to higher pollination-mediated male and female fitness than abundant species. When plants 19 shared pollinator resources, asymmetric facilitation via pollen transport dynamics benefited the 20 rare species at the cost of the abundant ones, serving as an alternative diversity-promoting 21 mechanism.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings Amurga Co
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMURGA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ISLAND BIODIVERSITY 2011 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMURGA INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ISLAND BIODIVERSITY 2011 Coordination: Juli Caujapé-Castells Funded and edited by: Fundación Canaria Amurga Maspalomas Colaboration: Faro Media Cover design & layout: Estudio Creativo Javier Ojeda © Fundación Canaria Amurga Maspalomas Gran Canaria, December 2013 ISBN: 978-84-616-7394-0 How to cite this volume: Caujapé-Castells J, Nieto Feliner G, Fernández Palacios JM (eds.) (2013) Proceedings of the Amurga international conferences on island biodiversity 2011. Fundación Canaria Amurga-Maspalomas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. All rights reserved. Any unauthorized reprint or use of this material is prohibited. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without express written permission from the author / publisher. SCIENTIFIC EDITORS Juli Caujapé-Castells Jardín Botánico Canario “Viera y Clavijo” - Unidad Asociada CSIC Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Emergencias, Cabildo de Gran Canaria Gonzalo Nieto Feliner Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid-CSIC José María Fernández Palacios Universidad de La Laguna SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Juli Caujapé-Castells, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner, David Bramwell, Águedo Marrero Rodríguez, Julia Pérez de Paz, Bernardo Navarro-Valdivielso, Ruth Jaén-Molina, Rosa Febles Hernández, Pablo Vargas. Isabel Sanmartín. ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Pedro
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Permanent Draft Genome Sequence of Frankia Sp. NRRL B-16219 Reveals
    Ktari et al. Standards in Genomic Sciences (2017) 12:51 DOI 10.1186/s40793-017-0261-3 EXTENDEDGENOMEREPORT Open Access Permanent draft genome sequence of Frankia sp. NRRL B-16219 reveals the presence of canonical nod genes, which are highly homologous to those detected in Candidatus Frankia Dg1 genome Amir Ktari1, Imen Nouioui1, Teal Furnholm2, Erik Swanson2, Faten Ghodhbane-Gtari1, Louis S. Tisa2 and Maher Gtari1* Abstract Frankia sp. NRRL B-16219 was directly isolated from a soil sample obtained from the rhizosphere of Ceanothus jepsonii growing in the USA. Its host plant range includes members of Elaeagnaceae species. Phylogenetically, strain NRRL B-16219 is closely related to “Frankia discariae” with a 16S rRNA gene similarity of 99.78%. Because of the lack of genetic tools for Frankia, our understanding of the bacterial signals involved during the plant infection process and the development of actinorhizal root nodules is very limited. Since the first three Frankia genomes were sequenced, additional genome sequences covering more diverse strains have helped provide insight into the depth of the pangenome and attempts to identify bacterial signaling molecules like the rhizobial canonical nod genes. The genome sequence of Frankia sp. strain NRRL B-16219 was generated and assembled into 289 contigs containing 8,032,739 bp with 71.7% GC content. Annotation of the genome identified 6211 protein-coding genes, 561 pseudogenes, 1758 hypothetical proteins and 53 RNA genes including 4 rRNA genes. The NRRL B-16219 draft genome contained genes homologous to the rhizobial common nodulation genes clustered in two areas. The first cluster contains nodACIJH genes whereas the second has nodAB and nodH genes in the upstream region.
    [Show full text]
  • (Glebionis Carinatum) and Crown Daisy (G. Coronaria) Using Ovule Culture
    Plant Biotechnology 25, 535–539 (2008) Original Paper Intergeneric hybridization of marguerite (Argyranthemum frutescens) with annual chrysanthemum (Glebionis carinatum) Special Issue and crown daisy (G. coronaria) using ovule culture Hisao Ohtsuka1,*, Zentaro Inaba2 1 Shizuoka Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Iwata, Shizuoka 438-0803, Japan; 2 Shizuoka Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry/Izu Agricultural Research Center, Higashiizu, Shizuoka 413-0411, Japan * E-mail: [email protected] Tel: ϩ81-538-36-1553 Fax: ϩ81-538-37-8466 Received August 20, 2008; accepted November 10, 2008 (Edited by T. Handa) Abstract To diversify flower color and growth habit of marguerite (Argyranthemum frutescens), intergeneric crossing was carried out using marguerite as the seed parent and annual chrysanthemum (Glebionis carinatum) or crown daisy (G. coronaria) as the pollen parent. After cross-pollination, seedlings were successfully obtained by applying ovule culture. Ovule culture-derived plants showed novel characteristics in flower shape and color (orange, reddish brown, or wisteria pink) that are not observed in marguerite. Some also showed novel flowering habits such as perpetual flowering. The results indicate that these ovule culture-derived plants were intergeneric hybrids and that the hybrids obtained in the present study may be useful for further breeding of marguerite, especially for introducing valuable characteristics such as a wide range of flower color. Key words: Argyranthemum, Glebionis, intergeneric hybridization, ovule culture. Marguerite (Argyranthemum frutescens) is a perennial germplasm for the breeding of marguerite, but most of plant native to the Canary Islands, Spain (Bramwell et them have white flowers and diversity in flower color and al. 2001) and Madeira, Portugal (Press et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
    Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database.
    [Show full text]
  • Staminal Evolution in the Genus Salvia (Lamiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence for Multiple Origins of the Staminal Lever
    Staminal Evolution In The Genus Salvia (Lamiaceae): Molecular Phylogenetic Evidence For Multiple Origins Of The Staminal Lever Jay B. Walker & Kenneth J. Sytsma (Dept. of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison) Annals of Botany (in press) Abstract • Background and Aims - The genus Salvia has traditionally included any member of the tribe Mentheae (Lamiaceae) with only two stamens and with each stamen expressing an elongate connective. The recent demonstration of the non-monophyly of the genus presents interesting implications for staminal evolution in the tribe Mentheae. In the context of a molecular phylogeny, we characterize the staminal morphology of the various lineages of Salvia and related genera and present an evolutionary interpretation of staminal variation within the tribe Mentheae. • Methods. Two molecular analyses are presented in order to investigate phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Mentheae and the genus Salvia. The first presents a tribal survey of the Mentheae and the second concentrates on Salvia and related genera. Schematic sketches are presented for the staminal morphology of each major lineage of Salvia and related genera. • Key Results. These analyses suggest an independent origin of the staminal elongate connective on at least three different occasions within the tribe Mentheae, each time with a distinct morphology. Each independent origin of the lever mechanism shows a similar progression of staminal change from slight elongation of the connective tissue separating two fertile thecae to abortion of the posterior thecae and fusion of adjacent posterior thecae. We characterize a monophyletic lineage within the Mentheae consisting of the genera Lepechinia, Melissa, Salvia, Dorystaechas, Meriandra, Zhumeria, Perovskia, and Rosmarinus. • Conclusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Production, Pomological and Nutraceutical Properties of Apricot
    1 Production, pomological and nutraceutical properties of apricot Khaled Moustafa1* and Joanna Cross2 1Editor of ArabiXiv (arabixiv.org), Paris, France 2Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract Apricot (Prunus sp.) is an important fruit crop worldwide. Despite recent advances in apricot research, much is still to be done to improve its productivity and environmental adaptability. The availability of wild apricot germplasms with economically interesting traits is a strong incentive to increase research panels toward improving its economic, environmental and nutritional characteristics. New technologies and genomic studies have generated a large amount of raw data that the mining and exploitation can help decrypt the biology of apricot and enhance its agronomic values. Here, we outline recent findings in relation to apricot production, pomological and nutraceutical properties. In particular, we retrace its origin from central Asia and the path it took to attain Europe and other production areas around the Mediterranean basin while locating it in the rosaceae family and referring to its genetic diversities and new attempts of classification. The production, nutritional, and nutraceutical importance of apricot are recapped in an easy readable and comparable way. We also highlight and discuss the effects of late frost damages on apricot production over different growth stages, from swollen buds to green fruits formation. Issues related to the length of production season and biotic and abiotic environmental challenges are also discussed with future perspective on how to lengthen the production season without compromising the fruit quality and productivity. Keywords Apricot kernel oil, plum pox virus, prunus armeniaca, spring frost, stone fruit, sharka.
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Ecology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on Behalf of British Ecological Society
    Received: 22 June 2017 | Accepted: 14 February 2018 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13085 RESEARCH ARTICLE Insular woody daisies (Argyranthemum, Asteraceae) are more resistant to drought- induced hydraulic failure than their herbaceous relatives Larissa C. Dória1 | Diego S. Podadera2 | Marcelino del Arco3 | Thibaud Chauvin4,5 | Erik Smets1 | Sylvain Delzon6 | Frederic Lens1 1Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; 2Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Department of Plant Biology (Botany), La Laguna University, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; 4PIAF, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 5AGPF, INRA Orléans, Olivet Cedex, France and 6BIOGECO INRA, University of Bordeaux, Cestas, France Correspondence Frederic Lens Abstract Email: [email protected] 1. Insular woodiness refers to the evolutionary transition from herbaceousness to- Funding information wards derived woodiness on (sub)tropical islands and leads to island floras that have Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento a higher proportion of woody species compared to floras of nearby continents. Científico e Tecnológico, Grant/Award Number: 206433/2014-0; French National 2. Several hypotheses have tried to explain insular woodiness since Darwin’s original Agency for Research, Grant/Award Number: observations, but experimental evidence why plants became woody on islands is ANR-10-EQPX-16 and ANR-10-LABX-45; Alberta Mennega Stichting scarce at best. 3. Here, we combine experimental measurements of hydraulic failure in stems (as a Handling Editor: Rafael Oliveira proxy for drought stress resistance) with stem anatomical observations in the daisy lineage (Asteraceae), including insular woody Argyranthemum species from the Canary Islands and their herbaceous continental relatives. 4. Our results show that stems of insular woody daisies are more resistant to drought- induced hydraulic failure than the stems of their herbaceous counterparts.
    [Show full text]
  • Palynological Evolutionary Trends Within the Tribe Mentheae with Special Emphasis on Subtribe Menthinae (Nepetoideae: Lamiaceae)
    Plant Syst Evol (2008) 275:93–108 DOI 10.1007/s00606-008-0042-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Palynological evolutionary trends within the tribe Mentheae with special emphasis on subtribe Menthinae (Nepetoideae: Lamiaceae) Hye-Kyoung Moon Æ Stefan Vinckier Æ Erik Smets Æ Suzy Huysmans Received: 13 December 2007 / Accepted: 28 March 2008 / Published online: 10 September 2008 Ó Springer-Verlag 2008 Abstract The pollen morphology of subtribe Menthinae Keywords Bireticulum Á Mentheae Á Menthinae Á sensu Harley et al. [In: The families and genera of vascular Nepetoideae Á Palynology Á Phylogeny Á plants VII. Flowering plantsÁdicotyledons: Lamiales (except Exine ornamentation Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer, Berlin, pp 167–275, 2004] and two genera of uncertain subtribal affinities (Heterolamium and Melissa) are documented in Introduction order to complete our palynological overview of the tribe Mentheae. Menthinae pollen is small to medium in size The pollen morphology of Lamiaceae has proven to be (13–43 lm), oblate to prolate in shape and mostly hexacol- systematically valuable since Erdtman (1945) used the pate (sometimes pentacolpate). Perforate, microreticulate or number of nuclei and the aperture number to divide the bireticulate exine ornamentation types were observed. The family into two subfamilies (i.e. Lamioideae: bi-nucleate exine ornamentation of Menthinae is systematically highly and tricolpate pollen, Nepetoideae: tri-nucleate and hexa- informative particularly at generic level. The exine stratifi- colpate pollen). While the
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny and Evolutionary Trends in Hieracium (Asteraceae, Lactuceae)
    Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science Department of Botany Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary trends in Hieracium (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) Molekulární fylogeneze a evoluční trendy v rodě Hieracium (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) Karol Krak Ph.D. thesis Prague, May 2012 Supervised by: Dr. Judith Fehrer Content Declaration.........................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements............................................................................................2 Sumary...............................................................................................................3 Introduction.........................................................................................................4 Aims of the thesis.............................................................................................14 References.......................................................................................................15 Papers included in the thesis 1. Intra-individual polymorphism in diploid and apomictic polyploid.................22 hawkweeds (Hieracium, Lactuceae, Asteraceae): disentangling phylogenetic signal, reticulation, and noise. Fehrer J., Krak K., Chrtek J. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2009) 9: 239 2. Genome size in Hieracium subgenus Hieracium (Asteraceae) is...............45 strongly correlated with major phylogenetic groups. Chrtek J., Zahradníček J., Krak K., Fehrer J. Annals of Botany (2009) 104: 161–178 3. Development of novel low-copy nuclear markers
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription
    Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2018, Article ID 7627191, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7627191 Research Article Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription Jiahui Sun ,1,2 Shuo Shi ,1,2,3 Jinlu Li,1,4 Jing Yu,1 Ling Wang,4 Xueying Yang,5 Ling Guo ,6 and Shiliang Zhou 1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China 2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100043, China 3College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China 4Te Department of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China 5Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100038, China 6Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China Correspondence should be addressed to Ling Guo; [email protected] and Shiliang Zhou; [email protected] Received 21 September 2017; Revised 11 December 2017; Accepted 2 January 2018; Published 19 March 2018 Academic Editor: Fengjie Sun Copyright © 2018 Jiahui Sun et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Maleae consists of economically and ecologically important plants. However, there are considerable disputes on generic circumscription due to the lack of a reliable phylogeny at generic level. In this study, molecular phylogeny of 35 generally accepted genera in Maleae is established using 15 chloroplast regions. Gillenia isthemostbasalcladeofMaleae,followedbyKageneckia + Lindleya, Vauquelinia, and a typical radiation clade, the core Maleae, suggesting that the proposal of four subtribes is reasonable.
    [Show full text]