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Variasi Dialek Bahasa Mandailing Di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan 2014

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VARIASI DIALEK BAHASA MANDAILING DI KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL DISERTASI Diajukan sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Doktor dalam Program Doktor Ilmu Linguistik pada Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara di bawah pimpinan Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara Prof. Dr. dr. Syahril Pasaribu, D.T.M.&M.Sc.(CTM), Sp.A.(K.) untuk dipertahankan di hadapan Sidang Terbuka Senat Universitas Sumatera Utara OLEH SHOLIHATUL HAMIDAH DAULAY NIM : 088107022 Program Doktor (S3) Linguistik FAKULTAS ILMU BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2014 Universitas Sumatera Utara Judul Disertasi : VARIASI DIALEK BAHASA MANDAILING DI KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL Nama Mahasiswa : Sholihatul Hamidah Daulay NIM : 088107022 Program Studi : Linguistik Menyetujui Komisi Pembimbing, Prof. Dr. Robert Sibarani, M.S. Promotor Prof. Dr. Hj. Nadra, M.S. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A. Ko-Promotor Ko-Promotor Ketua Program Studi, Dekan FIB USU, Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A.,Ph.D. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. Universitas Sumatera Utara HASIL PENELITIAN DISERTASI INI TELAH DISETUJUI UNTUK SIDANG TERBUKA TANGGAL ........ Oleh Promotor Prof. Dr. Robert Sibarani, M.S. Ko-Promotor Prof. Dr. Hj. Nadra, M.S. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A. Mengetahui Ketua Program Studi Linguistik Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A.,Ph.D. Universitas Sumatera Utara Diuji pada Ujian Terbuka (Promosi) Tanggal ...... PANITIA PENGUJI DISERTASI Ketua : Prof. Dr. Robert Sibarani, M.S. Anggota : 1. Prof. Dr. Hj. Nadra, M.S. 2. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A. 3. Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A.,Ph.D. 4. Prof. Ikhwanuddin Nasution… 5. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. 6. Dr. Dwi Widayati, M.S. Dengan Surat Keputusan Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara Nomor : Tanggal : Universitas Sumatera Utara TIM PROMOTOR Prof. Dr. Robert Sibarani, M.S. Prof. Dr. Hj. Nadra, M.S. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A. Universitas Sumatera Utara TIM PENGUJI LUAR KOMISI Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A.,Ph.D. Prof. Ikhwanuddin Nasution,MS Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. Dr. Dwi Widayati, M.S. Universitas Sumatera Utara PERNYATAAN VARIASI DIALEK BAHASA MANDAILING DI KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa Disertasi ini disusun sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Doktor dari Program Studi Linguistik Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara adalah benar merupakan hasil karya saya sendiri. Adapun pengutipan yang saya lakukan pada bagian-bagian tertentu dari hasil karya orang lain dalam penulisan Disertasi ini, telah saya cantumkan sumbernya secara jelas sesuai dengan norma, kaidah, dan etika penulisan ilmiah. Apabila di kemudian hari ternyata ditemukan seluruh atau sebagian Disertasi ini bukan hasil karya saya sendiri atau adanya plagiat dalam bagian-bagian tertentu, saya bersedia menerima sanksi pencabutan gelar akademik yang saya sandang dan sanksi-sanksi lainnya sesuai dengan peraturan perundangan yang berlaku. Medan, 18 Desember 2014 Sholihatul Hamidah Daulay iii Universitas Sumatera Utara Tulisan ini dipersembahkan unTuk: Ibunda: Dr. Hj. Siti Zubaidah, M.Ag Mertua: Soekisno Kamaliyah Suami: Sutrisno, M.Pd Anak : Farhan Dhuha Al Haris Fania Dhawiyah Al Haris Fathur Daffa Al Haris Saudara-saudaraku: Dr. Nurika Khalila Daulay, MA Zubair Aman Daulay, S.T., MM Abdul Halim Daulay, S.T, M.Si KATA PENGANTAR Universitas Sumatera Utara Syukur Alhamdulillah penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT atas segala rahmat, nikmat, kesabaran, kekuatan, keimanan, dan karunia-Nya pada penulis sehingga penyusunan disertasi ini dapat penulis selesaikan dengan baik yang berjudul Variasi Dialek Bahasa Mandailing di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Disertasi ini ditulis dalam rangka memenuhi sebagian persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Doktor Linguistik pada Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Program Pascasarjana Program Studi Linguistik Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU). Kajian penelitian ini adalah kajian dialektologi yaitu ilmu tentang dialek sebagai salah satu cabang ilmu pengetahuan bahasa yang secara sistematis menangani berbagai kajian yang berkenaan dengan dialek atau variasi bahasa, baik variasi bahasa berdasarkan perbedaan wilayah; variasi bahasa berdasarkan perbedaan strata sosial; maupun variasi bahasa berdasarkan perbedaan waktu. Penulisan disertasi ini hanya membahas perbedaan bahasa berdasarkan perbedaan wilayah saja dimana fokus daerah penelitiannya adalah di Sumatera Utara khususnya di daerah Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Peneliti menyadari bahwa disertasi ini masih jauh untuk dikatakan sempurna. Oleh sebab itu, masukan dan kritik para pembaca selalu peneliti harapkan untuk perbaikan. Akhirnya, semoga hasil temuan penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat. Medan, 18 Desember 2014 Sholihatul Hamidah Daulay NIM. 088107022 Universitas Sumatera Utara UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH Penulis menyadari bahwa disertasi ini dapat diselesaikan berkat dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, penulis berterima kasih kepada semua pihak yang secara langsung dan tidak langsung memberikan kontribusi dalam penyelesaian disertasi ini. Secara khusus pada kesempatan ini penulis menyampaikan ucapan terimakasih yang sedalam-dalamnya kepada : 1. Prof. Dr. Robert Sibarani, M.S., selaku Promotor penulis, yang telah membuka wawasan ilmiah dan dengan sabar memberikan bimbingan, masukan, dan arahan dalam menganalisis, menyusun dan menulis disertasi ini hingga selesai. 2. Ucapan yang sama juga penulis sampaikan kepada ko-promotor I: Prof. Dr. Hj. Nadra, M.S. dan ko-promotor II: Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A., atas segala arahan, kesabaran, bimbingan, dan koreksi yang tulus dan ikhlas yang telah diberikan sejak dari awal penulisan sampai pada penyelesaian disertasi ini. 3. Kepada para penguji disertasi penulis, yaitu Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D., Prof. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd., Dr. Dwi Widayati, M.Hum., Dr. Namsyah Hot, M.Ling yang telah bersedia mengoreksi, merevisi disertasi ini, memberi sumbangan yang cemerlang, memberi penilaian, dan membantu memberi masukan yang berharga demi kesempurnaan disertasi ini. 4. Ucapan terima kasih penulis sampaikan kepada semua dosen Program studi Linguistik Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah secara ikhlas memberikan ilmu mereka yang sangat berguna kepada penulis selama masa perkuliahan di awal Maret 2009 hingga sekarang. Selanjutnya, penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih yang tidak terhingga dan apresiasi yang tinggi kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat langsung di dalam penyelesaian disertasi ini, mereka adalah: 1. Prof. Dr. dr. Syahril Pasaribu, D.T.M.&H., M.Sc. (C.T.M.), Sp.A.(K.) selaku Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara, yang telah menerima penulis sebagai mahasiswa program studi Linguistik di Sekolah Pascasarjana USU Medan. 2. Prof. Dr. Nur. A. Fadhil Lubis, M.A. selaku Rektor Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sumatera Utara, yang telah memberikan izin studi dan memberikan Universitas Sumatera Utara bantuan dana selama peneliti menjalani proses studi dan proses penelitian untuk disertasi ini. 3. H. Hidayat Batubara, S.H. selaku Bupati Kabupaten Mandailing Natal dan jajarannya yang telah memberi izin dan memudahkan penulis dalam proses penelitian, pengambilan data ke desa-desa dan kecamatan serta memberi informasi yang akurat mengenai Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. 4. Direktur Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara tahun 2010 yaitu Ibu Prof. T. Chairunnisa, yang telah memberi kesempatan mengikuti Program Sandwich-Like di Nanyang Technology University/National Institute of Education (NTU/NIE) di Singapura selama 3 bulan yaitu pada bulan Oktober— Desember 2010. 5. Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya (FIB) Universitas Sumatera Utara, Bapak Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A. yang telah memberi kesempatan kepada penulis untuk belajar pada Prodi Linguistik Program Pascasarjana FIB USU hingga selesai. 6. Ketua Program Studi Linguistik Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D, yang berkenan menerima saya untuk mengikuti program Doktor Linguistik dan menggunakan semua fasilitas di Program Pascasarjana FIB USU. 7. Prof. Dr. Syafaruddin, M.Pd. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN SU yang telah memberi kesempatan untuk menimba ilmu pendidikan S-3 di USU. 8. Ucapan terima kasih penulis sampaikan kepada para pegawai administrasi pada Program Pascasarjana FIB USU, Program studi Linguistik S-3 USU dan para pegawai perpustakaan Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah banyak membantu penulis sejak perkuliahan hingga penyelesaian studi. 9. Kepada semua teman-teman seangkatan 2008 yang senantiasa menjadi motivator semangat penulis untuk terus belajar dan segera menyelesaikan disertasi ini. Mereka itu adalah Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, Dr. Rohani Ganie, Dr. Siti Muharami, Dr. Faridah, M.Hum, Dardanila, M.Hum, Syahnan Daulay, M.Pd, Dr.Salamuddin, M.Hum, Parlindungan, M.Hum, M. Nasir, M.Hum, Dr.Wan Anayati, M.Hum dan Rosdiana Raja Guk-guk, M.Hum. Universitas Sumatera Utara Ungkapan terima kasih dan penghargaan penuh rasa syukur penulis persembahkan kepada kedua orang tua penulis, terutama Ibunda Dr. Hj. Siti Zubaidah, M.Ag. yang telah melahirkan, mengasuh, membesarkan, mendidik dan menanamkan rasa percaya diri pada anak-anaknya untuk terus maju dan menuntut ilmu bagi bekal hidup di dunia dan akhirat. Semoga Ibunda diberi kesehatan dan usia yang penuh berkah. Ucapan terima kasih juga disampaikan kepada Ayah dan Ibu mertua (Soekisno dan Kamaliyah) atas pengertian dan doanya kepada penulis, semoga beliau senantiasa diberi kesehatan oleh Allah SWT. Ungkapan bahagia juga penulis sampaikan untuk ketiga adik penulis Dr. Nurika Khalila Daulay, M.A., Zubair Aman Daulay, ST, MM., dan Abdul Halim
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    The Asian EFL Journal June 2021 Volume 28 Issue 3.3 Senior Editor: Paul Robertson Published by the English Language Education Publishing Asian EFL Journal A Division of TESOL Asia Group www.asian-efl-journal.com ©Asian EFL Journal 2020 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of the Asian EFL Journal Press. No unauthorized photocopying All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Asian EFL Journal. [email protected] Publisher: English Language Education (ELE) Publishing Chief Editor: Dr. Paul Robertson Associate Production Editor: Ramon Medriano, Jr. ISSN 1738-1460 Asian EFL Journal Research Articles. Vol. 28 Issue No. 3.3 June 2021 Table of Contents Foreword 4 1 Narjes Ahmed, Asif Mahbub Karim Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Global Education Sector: Evidence from the Kingdom of Bahrain 7 2 Humaizi, Muhammad Yusuf, Sakhyan Asmara Analysis of Probability and Usuality in Leaders’ Spoken Texts by Using English Systemic Functional Linguistics 40 3 Mohd. Fauzi, Tengku Silvana Sinar, Dwi Widayati Bahagia Tarigan An Analysis of Malay’s Maritime-Oriented Texts by Using Critical English Eco-linguistics 56 4 T. Silvana Sinar, T. Thyrhaya Zein, Nurlela Attitude Analysis in Courtroom Discourse by Using English Systemic Functional Linguistics 75 5 Sabriandi Erdian, T. Silvana Sinar, Susanto, T. Syarfina Discourse Analysis of Indictment Text by Using English Systemic Functional Linguistics 87 6 Tengku Ratna Soraya, Nurilam Harianja, Hesti Fibriasari Enhancing University Students’ Writing Achievement by Using Macromedia Flash 104 7 Syahnan Daulay, Dedi Sanjaya, Rosdiana Siregar, Anggie Januarsyah Daulay Indonesian Perception of Code-Switching in Online Advertisement 120 Asian EFL Journal Research Articles.
  • A Struggle Against Colonizer: the Commitment of Ashab Jawi

    A Struggle Against Colonizer: the Commitment of Ashab Jawi

    International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. 9 , No. 7, July, 2019, E-ISSN: 2222-6990 © 2019 HRMARS A Struggle against Colonizer: The Commitment of Ashab Jawi Muhd Imran Abd Razak, Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim, Mohd Anuar Ramli, Nurul Hidayah Abd Aziz, Paiz Hassan, Muhammad Yusri Yusof @Salleh To Link this Article: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i7/6146 DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i7/6146 Received: 13 May 2019, Revised: 12 June 2019, Accepted: 01 July 2019 Published Online: 29 July 2019 In-Text Citation: (Razak et al., 2019) To Cite this Article: Razak, M. I. A., Rahim, R. A. A., Ramli, M. A., Aziz, N. H. A., Hassan, P., & @Salleh, M. Y. Y. (2019). A Struggle against Colonizer: The Commitment of Ashab Jawi. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(7), 527–549. Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s) Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com) This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode Vol. 9, No. 7, 2019, Pg. 527 - 549 http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/IJARBSS JOURNAL HOMEPAGE Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/publication-ethics 527 International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol.
  • Problematic Approach to English Learning and Teaching: a Case in Indonesia

    Problematic Approach to English Learning and Teaching: a Case in Indonesia

    English Language Teaching; Vol. 8, No. 3; 2015 ISSN 1916-4742 E-ISSN 1916-4750 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Problematic Approach to English Learning and Teaching: A Case in Indonesia Himpun Panggabean1 1 Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia Correspondence: Himpun Panggabean, Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected] Received: October 29, 2014 Accepted: November 30, 2014 Online Published: February 13, 2015 doi:10.5539/elt.v8n3p35 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n3p35 Abstract This article deals with problematic approach to English learning and teaching due to misleading conception on the nature of English and on the process of acquiring it as well as the clues to the issues. The clues are: Firstly, English is not more difficult than any other languages, including Indonesian language, Bahasa Indonesia (Note 1). Secondly, there are two approaches that need considering in English instruction, grammar free and strict grammar approaches. The former is highly recommended for early age instruction and beginners whereas the latter is recommended for instruction for specific purposes. However the two approaches should collaborate and their applications should be based on needs analysis. Thirdly, Conflicting conception on whether L1 and L2 are the same processes should not deter the strategy of how language is acquired naturally. When proper conception on the nature of English is attained and it is approached properly, English subject is not burdensome and needs not be eliminated from Primary School curriculum, and there is no need to reduce time allotment for the subject in Senior High School as stipulated in Indonesian English curriculum amendment.
  • Languages of Southeast Asia

    Languages of Southeast Asia

    Jiarong Horpa Zhaba Amdo Tibetan Guiqiong Queyu Horpa Wu Chinese Central Tibetan Khams Tibetan Muya Huizhou Chinese Eastern Xiangxi Miao Yidu LuobaLanguages of Southeast Asia Northern Tujia Bogaer Luoba Ersu Yidu Luoba Tibetan Mandarin Chinese Digaro-Mishmi Northern Pumi Yidu LuobaDarang Deng Namuyi Bogaer Luoba Geman Deng Shixing Hmong Njua Eastern Xiangxi Miao Tibetan Idu-Mishmi Idu-Mishmi Nuosu Tibetan Tshangla Hmong Njua Miju-Mishmi Drung Tawan Monba Wunai Bunu Adi Khamti Southern Pumi Large Flowery Miao Dzongkha Kurtokha Dzalakha Phake Wunai Bunu Ta w an g M o np a Gelao Wunai Bunu Gan Chinese Bumthangkha Lama Nung Wusa Nasu Wunai Bunu Norra Wusa Nasu Xiang Chinese Chug Nung Wunai Bunu Chocangacakha Dakpakha Khamti Min Bei Chinese Nupbikha Lish Kachari Ta se N a ga Naxi Hmong Njua Brokpake Nisi Khamti Nung Large Flowery Miao Nyenkha Chalikha Sartang Lisu Nung Lisu Southern Pumi Kalaktang Monpa Apatani Khamti Ta se N a ga Wusa Nasu Adap Tshangla Nocte Naga Ayi Nung Khengkha Rawang Gongduk Tshangla Sherdukpen Nocte Naga Lisu Large Flowery Miao Northern Dong Khamti Lipo Wusa NasuWhite Miao Nepali Nepali Lhao Vo Deori Luopohe Miao Ge Southern Pumi White Miao Nepali Konyak Naga Nusu Gelao GelaoNorthern Guiyang MiaoLuopohe Miao Bodo Kachari White Miao Khamti Lipo Lipo Northern Qiandong Miao White Miao Gelao Hmong Njua Eastern Qiandong Miao Phom Naga Khamti Zauzou Lipo Large Flowery Miao Ge Northern Rengma Naga Chang Naga Wusa Nasu Wunai Bunu Assamese Southern Guiyang Miao Southern Rengma Naga Khamti Ta i N u a Wusa Nasu Northern Huishui