28l6 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26,

Mr. PLATT. It is certainly in the power of the opposition to keep of War, transmitting, with accompanying papers, the petition of Pat­ us here all night. I have no desire for such a contest, and if I may be rick Collins, asking that his political disabilities be removed; which permitted to do so I will withdraw the motion at this time. was referred to the Co~mittee on Military Affairs. Mr. EDMUNDS. You ueednotwithd.rnwit. Justmovetoadjourn. COMMISSION ON GOVERNMENT MANUSCRIPTS. Mr. HARRIS. Nothing is in order but a motion to adjourn or a call of the Senate. The SPEAKER also laid before the House a bill (S. 1851) establish­ Mr. PLATT. I wish to say, then, that I shall renew the motion on ing a commission to report to Congress on manuscripts belonging to the Monday immediately after the morning hour; and I move that the Sen­ Government; which was referred to the Joint Committee on the Library, ate do now adjourn. and ordered to be printed. . The motion was agreed to; and (at 9 o'clock and 32 minutes p. m.) ORDER OF BUSL~ESS. the Senate adjourned. Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that House bill6374 be taken up for present coru.ideration. · . Mr. BEACH. I shall have to object, Mr. Speaker. Mr. DAVIDSON, of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. that the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union be dis­ charged from the further consideration of Senate resolution No. 10, and FRIDAY, Maroh 26, 1886. that the same be now considered by the Honse. The House metat12o'clockm. PrayerbytheChapJain, Rev. W. H. Mr. BEACH. • Regular order! 1t!ILBURN, D. D. The SPEAKER. The regular order is demanded, which is equiv­ The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was read and approved. lent to an objection. ORDER OF BUSINESS. . MESSAGE FROll THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. 'l'he SPEAKER. This being Friday, the regular order is the call of The SPEAKER laid before the House the following message from standing and select committees for reports.of a privat~ nature. the President of the United States; which was referred to the Select ComruiUee on Reform in the Civil Service, and ordered to be printed: ELIZA.:BETH B. BELL. To the Senate and House of llepresenta:Uves: Mr. WINANS, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported I transmit lu~rewith the repor~ of the Civil Service Commission for the year back favorably the. bill (H. R. 5655) granting a pension to Elizn.beth B. ended on the 16th day of .January last. Bell; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole Honse on the The exhibit thus made of the operations of the commission and the account thus presented of the results following the execution of the civil-service law can Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. not fail to demonstrate its usefulness and strengthen the conviction that this WILLIA.ll FIELD. scheme for a reform in the methods of administering the Government is no longer an experiment. · Mr. LOVERING, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported Wherever this reform has gained a foothold it has steadily advanced in the back with amendment the bill (H. R. 4808) granting a pension to esteem of those charged with public administrative dutiest while the people who desire good government have constantly been confirmed m their high estimate William Field; which was referred to theCommitteeofthe Whole House of its value and efficiency. on the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be With the benefit-J it has already secured to the public service plainly apparent, printed. and with it!! promiseofincreased usefulness easily appreciated, thiscauseiscom­ mended to the liberal care and jealous protection of the Congress. SYLVESTER ROOT. GROVER CLEVELAND. Mr. LOVERING, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, also re­ EXECUTIVE MANSION, March 25,1886. ported back favorably the bill (H. R. 3054) granting a pension to Syl­ REGULATION OF llDIIGRATION. vester Root; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole House The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from. the acting on the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be Secretary of the Treasury, submitting a draught of a bill to regulate im­ printed. mia-ration and recommending its passage; which was referred to the ADVERSE REPORTS. Co~ittee on Foreign Affairs, and ordered to be printed. Mr. LOVERING, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported FffiE-PROOF BUILDING FOR OFFICIAL REOORDS. back adversely bills of the following titles; which were laid on the table, and the accompanying reports ordered to be printed: The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the acting A oill (H. R. 6474) granting a pension to Frank N. Gray; Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a report from the Supervising A billlH. R. 3181) restoring a pension to :Mary McCarthy; Architect recommending an appropriation to build a :fire-proof building A bill H. R. 4037) granting a pension to Emma L. Clapp; and for safe-keeping of records of the legislative, executive, and judicial A bill H. R. 5161) granting a pension to William W. Ingalls. departments; which was referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to be printed. EDWARD GORMLEY. STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF SILVER DOLLARS. On motion of :Mr. LOVERING, by unanimous consent the Commit­ tee on Invalid Pensions was discharged from the further consideration The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the acting of the bill (H. R. 5653) granting a pension to Edward Gormley, and SecretaryoftheTreasury, submitting an estimate of an appropriation to the same was referred to the Committee on Pensions. be immediately available for storage and transportation of silver dollars; which was l!Cferred to the Committee on Appropria,tions, and ordered .TOIL~ G. BURRILL. to be printed. Mr. 1t'IATSON, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported REVISION OF THE TARIFF. back favorably the bill (H. R. 5583) granting a pension to John G. Bur­ The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the acting rill; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting additional correspondence re­ Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. lating to the revision of the tariff received since the printed volume of 1\IRS. HONORAH :MALONEY. correspondence on that subject was transmitted to the House; which 1tfr. CONGER, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to be back favorably the bill (H. R. 599) granting a pension to Mrs. Honorah printed. Maloney; which was r~ferred to the Committee of the Whole House on PUBLIC PARKS, DISTRICT OF COLIDIBIA. the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the Secretary SQUIRE A. DAVIS. of War, transmitting a letter from the acting Chief of Engineers, with On motion of 1\Ir. CO~GER, by unanimous consent the Committee a draught of a bill to regulate the use of public parks in the District of on Invalid Pensions was discharged from the further consideration of Columbia, and recommending its passage; which was referred to the the bill (H. R. 6714) for the relief of Squire A. Davis; and the same was Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, and ordered to be printed. referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. . CANON DE PEDERNALES. DANIEL .JOHNSON. The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the Secretary 1\Ir. CONGER, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, also reported of the Interior, transmitting a report from the surveyor-general of New back adversely the bill (H. R. 6715) for the relief of Daniel Johnson; Mexico upon the private land claim Canon de Pedernales; which_was which was laid on the table, and the accompanying report ordered to be referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims. printed. SUBSTITUTES IN DEPARTII~TS. ::uARG.A.R,ET 1\U.YH.A.M. The SPEAKER also laid before the House a letter from the Post­ 1\fr. PINDAR, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported master-General; in response tO a resolution of the House calling for in­ back fuvorably the bill (H. R. 6176) granting a pension to l\Iargaret formation as to the employment of substitutes in the several Depart­ Mayham; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole Honse on ments; which was referred to the Select Committee on Reform in the the Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. Civil Service, and ordered to be printed. ALFRED PICKELSIMER. PATRICK COLLL~S. 11Ir. TAULBEE, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported The SPEAKER a] so laid before the Honse a letter from the Secr~;tary back favorably the bill (H. R. 6457) for the relief of Alfred Pickelsimer; 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2817 which was referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the Pri­ draw the objection and consent that the motion to reconsider be regarded vate Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. as adopted. LUCY .ANN DREW. The SPEAKER. The question now is, Shall the bill pass? which Mr. HAYNES, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported question is debatable. The Clerk will report the bill. back favorably the bill (H. R. 6502) granting a pension to Lucy Ann Drew; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the The Clerk read the bill, as follows: Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ thorized and directed to pl.."\ce on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and NATHAN MAGOON. limitations of the pension laws, the name of Mrs. E. A. Benham, wife of the late Mr. HAYNES, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, also reported General Henry W. Benham, at the rate of $50 per month. back favorably the bill (H. R. 6504) granting a pension to Nathan Ma­ 1.ir. SPRINGER. As a part of my remarks, I ask that the report of goon; which was referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the the committee be read. I do this, Mr. Speaker, for the purpose of hav­ Private Calendar, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. ing the House unde!b"tand clearly what this case is. It has never been considered in the House except at Friday night sessions, when very few 1\IISS REBECCA 1\IILLER. members were present. I hope the House will therefore give attention On motion of Mr. HAYNES, by unanimous consent the Committee to the reading of the report, as there ~ay be .another yea-and-nay vote, on Invalid Pensions was discharged from the further consideration of the and as there has not been a discussion of the question in a full House. bill (S. 813) granting a pension to MisS. Rebecca l\Iiller; and the same The SPEAKER. The report will be read. was referred to the Committee on Pensions. The report (by Mr. HUTTON) is as follows: WILLIAM GRAY. That Mrs. E. A. Benham is the widow of Bvt. Maj. Gen. Henry W. Benham. Mr. SPRINGER, from the Committee on Claims, reported back favora­ He was graduated from the Military Academy and promoted to the grade of brevet second lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers July 1, 1837, and died June blythe bill (H. R. 6411) for the relief of William Gray; which was re­ 1, 1881, having serve~ his country faithfully and well as engineer and soldier for ferred to the Committee of the Whole House on the Private Calendar, a. period of nearly thirty years. ad the accompanying report ordered to be printed. As a testimonial of his patriotism, fidelity, and courage, and his persona.] and official worth, the order of Brigadier-General Newt-on is made a part of this re­ BARKER, WILLIAMS, AND OTHERS. port. Both as an engineer and as R soldier General Benham made a record of which On motion of Mr. GEDDES, by unanimous consent the Committee any man might feel proud. During a period of thirty years of the most effi­ on War Claims was discharged from the further consideration of the bill cient and faithful service he was the recipient of the highest commendations from Generals Taylor, Wool, Scott, Totten, 1\IcClellnn, Sherman, Hooker, (H. R. 6854) for the relief of Barker, Williams, and others; and the same Meade, and Grant, with a record rarely equaled, perhaps never surpassed, by was referred to the Committee on Claims. one of his rank. Your committee report the bill favorably and recommend its passag<.'. GEORGE T. DUDLEY. }lr. LYMAN, from the Committee on War Claims, reported back favor­ [General Orders, No.9.] 498) !IEADQUlltTERS CoRPS OF ENGINEERS, ably the bill {S. for the relief of George T. Dudley; which was re­ UNITED STATES AIL'IY, ferred to the Committee of the Whole House on the Private Calendar, Washingwn, D. C., June 5, 1884. and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. It becomes the painful duty of the brigadier-general commanding to announce to the Corps of Engineers the death of a brother officer. ORDER OF BUSINESS. Col. Henry ,V. Benham, Corps of Engineers (retired), brevet major-general, United States Army, died in New York city on the evening of June 1,1884. The SPEAKER. This completes the call of the standing and select General Benham was graduated from the Military Academy and promoted. to committees. the grade of brevet second lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers July 1, 1837. Mr. WHEELER. I move that the House resolve itself into Com­ He served as assistant-engineer upon the improvement of Savannah River Georgia, 1837-'38; as superintending engineer of the repairs of Fort Marion and mittee of the Whole to consider bills upon the Private Calendar. of Saint Augustine sea-wall, Florida!, 1839-'44, of the repairs of defenses of An· Mr. SPRINGER. I hope the gentleman from Alabama will with­ na.polis, Md.,1844-'45, ofrepairsofFortl\fiffi.in, Pennsylvaniat and Fort McHenry, draw that motion for a moment, as I want to call up a motion to re­ Maryland, 1845, and of repairs of Forts 1\D.dison and Wasnington, .Maryland, 184&-'47: in the war with Mexico, 1847-'48, being engaged in the battle of Buena. consider, which is pending. Vista, February 22 23, 1847, where he was wounded; as assistant engineer in Mr. WHEELER. I will withdraw it for that purpose. the repairs of the aefenses1 of New York Harbor, 1848-'49; as superintending engineer of the construction of the sea-wall for the protection of Great Brewster MRS. E. A . .BENHAl\I. Island, Boston·Harbor,1849-'52, of the construction of Buffalo lightrhouse, New York, 1852, and of the Washington navy-yard, 1852-'53. 1.Ir. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up a privileged mo­ He was on duty as assistant in charge of the United States Coast Sur...-ey Of­ tion, being the motion to reconsider the vote by which the House re­ fice, Washington, D. C., and in Europe in connection therewith, from March, • fused to pass the bill of the Senate (S. 812) granting a pension to ~Irs. 1853, until November, 1856; as superintending engineer of the construction of Forts Winthrop and lndepen!fence, Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, 1856-'57, of E. A. Benham. the snrYey of site for fort on Clark's Point, New Bedford, Mass., and repair of Mr. McMILLIN. By whom was the motion to reconsider entered? Fort Adams, Newport Harbor, Rhode Island, 1857-'58, ofthe construction of the 1 The SPEAKER. By the gentleman from illinois on the next day fort at Sandy Hook, 1858-'61, of the Potomac Aqueduct., 1860, and as engineer of the quarantine commissioners of New York Harbor, 1859-'60. after the House bad rejected the bill. He served during the war of the rebellion, 1861-'66, as chief engineer Depart­ Mr. SPRINGER. I hope the motion to reconsider will beconsidered ment of the Ohio, l\lay-July,1861, being engaged upon the sta.ffofBrig. Gen. T • . as adopted, for the purpose of allowing gentlemen who favor or oppose A. Morris, in military operations in Western Virginia., at Laurel Hill, July &-11; . in command of the troops engaged in the combat of Garrick's Ford, July 13,1861, ' this bill to make an explanation of the vote which shall be given upon and as acting inspect-or-general, Department of the Ohio, August 5-1G. , it at this time. I desire that privile.ge myself, and other gentlemen Promoted to the rank of brigadier-general of volunteers August 13, 1861, be most probably want an opportunity of explaining their votes. I theJ.:e­ t-ook part in the campaign in \Vest Virginia, August-November, 1861, being in i command of a. brigade at New Creek, August 16, 1861; in action at Carnifex fore ask that the motion be considered as agreed to. Ferry, September 10, 1861, and the pursuit of the enemy from Cotton Hill to · Mr. HOLMAN. By unanimous consent that can be done. Raleigh County, Virginia, November 12-16,1861. He was in command of the 1.Ir. McMILLIN. Is there to be an effort to pass the bill now? northern district of the Department of the South 1\Iarch to June, 1862, being present at Tybee Island, Georgia, during the bombardment and capture of Fort Mr. SPRINGER. Certainly; that is the object of the motion. Pulaski April10, 11, 1862, and engaged, in command, at the attack on Secession- , Mr. McMILLIN. I sha.ll object then to allowing the motion to be ville, James Island, S.C., June 16,1862. From September, 1862, to February 28, adopted by unanimous consent. 1863, he was on duty as superintending engineer of the construction of the for­ tifications at Portsmouth Harbor, New Hampshire. Assigned to the command The SPEAKER. Under the rules of the House a motion to recon­ of the engineer brigade, .Army of the Potomac, he was engaged in superintend­ sider a vote taken under the operation of the previous question is not ing the construction of ponton bridges across the Rappahannock for the passage debatable; but if the motion to reconsider is carried, then the bill is of the army atChancellorsville, April29-May 5,186.3; at Franklin's Crossing, in the face of the enemy, June 5,1863, and over the Potomac, at Edwards Ferry, debatable, being divested of the operation of the previous question. June 21,1863. From July, 1863, to :May, 1864, he was in charge of the ponton de­ The gentleman from illinois [Mr. SPRINGER] asks unanimous con­ pot at Washington, D. C. sent that the motion to reconsider be regarded as agreed to, so that From June, 1864, to June, 1865, he was in command of the engineer brigade, Army of the Potomac, being engaged in superintending the construction of a debate may be had upon the bill. ponton bridge 2,200feet long across the James River,at FortPowhatan,June15, Mr. McMILLIN. I object to the reconsideration. I think this bill 1864; in the construction and commana of the defenses of City Point, Va.,Octo­ has been properly decided and disposed of by the House. ber 1864, to April ~. 1865; in holding the captured lines at Petersburg, April 2i 1865; in repairing bridges across the .Appomattox and Staunton Rivers,Apri The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion of the gentleman 3-23, 1865, and on march to Washington, D. C. , 1\Iay-Jnne, 1865. Since the close of from illinois to reconsider the vote by which the House rejected the the war General Benham served as superintending engineer of the construction bill. of Fort Winthrop and Fort Independence, Massachusetts, from 1865 to 1882; of Fort Warren, Massachusetts, from 1867 to 1882; of works on Long Island Head Mr. BUCK. Is it not in order to make a statement of the reasons ft·om 1869 to 1882; of the defenses of Provincetown, 1\Iass., from 1866 to 1870, aud for asking this reconsideration? from 1872 to 1877; of the construction of Boston Harbor sea-walls from May, The SPEAKER. Not if objection is made, and objection has been 1866 toApril.1873,andofFortMontgomery, NewYork,and theinnerdefensesof Ne~ York Harbor, the forts at New York Narrows, and of Sandy Hook, New made to the request of the gentleman from Illinois. The gentleman York, from July,1877, unti1June30,1882, when he was reiiredfromactiveservic~ from Tennessee [Mr. McMILLIN] objects. The question is, Will the by the operation of law. House reconsider the vote ? . Gene:ral Benham was promoted successively from the grade of lieutenant to that of colonel of engineers and brigadier-general of volunteers, having de· The House proceeded to divide on the question. clined the appointment of major in the Ninth Infantry, tendered him in March, Mr. McMILLIN. For the purpose of allowing debate, I shall with- 1855. XVIT-177 2818 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARcH 26,

He received the brevets of captain, United States Army, "for gallant :md Mr. BUCK. I think she is about sixty-five years of age. meritorious conduct in the battle of Buena. Vista," February 23, 18t7; colonel, United States Army, "for gallantand meritorious services in the battle of Gar­ Mr. STEELE. She is sixty-seven years of age. rick's Ford, Va," .July 13,1861; brigadier-general, United States Army, for Mr. HENDERSON, of Iowa. Will the gentleman from Connecticut "gallant and meritorious services in the campaign terminating with the sur­ allow me? render of the insurgent army under General Robert E. Lee," March 13, 1865; major-general, UnitedStatesArmy,for "ga.llantandmeritoriousservicesduring l'!Ir. BUCK. Certainly. the war," March13, 1865, and niajor-genera.l of volunteers, "for gallant and mer­ l'!Ir. HENDERSON, of Iowa. I will say this House at this session itorious services during the war," March 13, 1865. granted a similar pension to the widow of Brigadier-General Cwcker, The record of General Benham's services and his zeal in the discharge of his dutiEl.\1 form the best tribute to his memory. of Iowa, who was also brevet major-general; so that this House in this As a testimonial of respect for the memory of the desceased, the officers of the Congress is on record on precisely a similar bill. Corps of Engineers will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days. l'!Ir. BUCK. I am very glad the gentleman from Iowa has inter­ By command of Brigadier-General Newton : .TOHN 1\1. WILSON, rupted me to call my attention to a fact I had forgotten. Notonlyb..1.s Major of ~ngineers, Bnvet Cownd U. 8. A. this Congress established a precedent, but the last Congress established precedent after precedent of the same nature, and the Forliy-seventh Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, I desire that the time occupied in Congress, I believe, did the same. So that it might be said we have the deba.te on this bill shall be eqnally divided between those in favor established this precedent over and over again. And it seems to me a of the bill and those opposed to it. The gentleman from Indiana, the little severe, a little bard to pick out and make an exception of such a chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions [)fr. MATSON], desire':! man as this, whose illustrious services are known to everyone who reads to speak in opposition to the bill, and after I yield to the gentleman the history of his country-the hero, the illustrious hero of two wars in from Connecticut [Mr. BuCK] ten minute':! I will yield fitlieen minutes which be served with distinction and to the credit of himself and the to the gentleman from Indian..'ll, and I think that after thirty minutes' benefit of his country. It seems to me it is not unjust or unwise for debate the previous question might be moved. this House to correct the vote which it gave the other day in refusinoo Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. I suppose the gentleman from Illinois to place the widow of General Benham on the pension-list. o will not undertake to control the time in opposition to the bill. Mr. SOWDEN. Will the gentleman yield to me for a question? Mr. SPRINGER. Ishallyield the time in opposition, asihavesaid, l'!fr. BUCK. Yes, sir. . to the chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions. l'!fr. SOWDEN. Is this widow of Brigadier-General Benham now Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. But those in opposition to the bill borne on the pension-rolls; and, if so, for what amount? ou!!ht to control that time. Are you in favor of the bill? Mr. BUCK. I was just about to make this explanation. General :Mr. SPRINGER. I am. Benham died in 1882. His widow has never applied for any pension Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. Then you might control the time in at all, and she is therefore not borne on the pension-rolls of the United snpport of the bill, but let those who are opposed to the bill control State':!. Ifshe bad applied and the pension had been granted, she would their own time. have been entitled to $30 per month. Ur. SPRINGER. It has been usual to grant this courtesy to the Mr. KLEINER. Will the gentleman please state why the claimant chairman of the committee reporting the bill, in this case did not apply for a pension at the Pension Office ? Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. He did not report this bill. Mr. BUCK. I am unable to state why she did not. She could have The SPEAKER. The gentleman from lllinois is entitled to the floor done so with every prospect of success. for one hour. M:r. KLEINER. Was it because the pension that would have been Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. I understand that. granted there was not large enough ? The SPEAKER. And bas of course the privilege of yielding any M:r. BUCK. Perhaps that was the reason. I can not tell what mo­ portion of the hour that be de'3ire'3 during that time. · tive this lady had in not applying. If she had applied, the evidence Mr. SPRINGER. I desire in all fairness to announce that at the end set forth in this printed report is ample to have justified the Commis­ of thirty minutes' time we ought to have a vote; and the time will sioner. of Pensions in putting her on the pension-roll, b'1;1t of course be divided as I have indicated. only to give her 30 a month, as the law provide':! in such cases. Mr. BUCK. Mr. Speaker, I tnink if this House fully understood. the Mr. BRADY. Will the gentleman permit me to say that be is mis­ facts upon which the passage of this bill depends itwonld be very will­ taken as to the time of General Benham's death. He died in 1884, not ing to correct what I consider an injustice done by the House a few days in 1882. ~0'0 in rejecting this bill. · :?tfr.KELLEY. Tbatiscorrect. Genera1Benbamdiedin1884. And The real rank of Henry W. Benham was that of brigadier-general of I will state in this connection that the widow, aged, infirm. and poor, volunteers, and it was conferred upon him March 13, 1865. He gradu­ is the daughter of an officer of the war of 1812, who was pensioned on ated at Wffit Point in 1837, and served his country in a military ca­ account of the severe wounds he received in that war. pacity for 45 years. He was wounded at the battle of Buena Vista, Mr. BUCK. From the remarks of the gentleman from Pennsylvania and was brevetted captain for gallant and meritorious service':! on that I infer that the patriotic military spirit exists in that family on both field. He was brevetted a colonel of the United State':! .Army for gal­ side':!. lant and meritorious services at the battle of Carrick's Ford in Virginia, In view of the long and faithful services of General Benham, and in July 13, 1861, and was appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers for view. of the many precedents for the passage of this bill, I think it would gallant and meritorious services during the war which closed in 1865, be a most gracious and appropriate act to place Mrs. Benham on our the order specifying that it was for gallant and meritorious services in pension-roll. the campaign terminating with the surrender of General Robert E. Lee. Mr. MATSON. This bill was voted upon on Monday last, and a Congress has in several instances bestowed pensions of $50 per ~nth yea.-and-nay vote was taken on its passage. The re':lult was 92 yeas and on the widows of general officers holding the rank which General Ben­ 100 nays. The motion to reconsider was allowed by unanimous con­ ham held. sent, so that the bill comes again before Congress on the que':ltion of its I have examined the law in reference to these precedents, and I find passage. that the last Congress passed si.milar acts for the benefit of the widow The report in this connection has been read. And I think after it ofBrigadier-General Crane, for the widow of Brigadier-General Barnes, bas been listened to no one will say that there is anything extraordinary Brigadier-General Mower, the widow of Admiral Beaumont, the widow in this case that shows that this widow is entitled to extraordinary of Maj. Gen. E. 0. C. Ord, the widow of Rear-Admiral Edward Mid­ favor from the Government of the United Sta.~. The bill proposes dletoni:of Rear-Admiral Cornelius Stribling, and the widow of Maj. that Congress shall give her an original pension of $50 per month. She Gen. Francis P. Blair. has no pension at all nowt because of the death of her husband. She I understand that since 1882 38 cases have occurred where Congress has never applied to the Pension Office for a pension. But she proposes has granted a pension of 50 a month to the widows of general officers that this Congress shall at the very beginning give her a pension of $50 both in the A.nnyand in the Navy. So tbatwe are not without prece­ a month, on account, I suppose, of the services of her husband, not on dents; and I think that this House ought not now to make an excep­ account of any allegation that his death was the result of his military tion in the case of this gallant and illustrious soldier. service. General Benham lost his life by reason of disea.c:;e contracted in the Now, l'!fr. Speaker, I would be very glad if this House would estab­ line of duty. .A. point bas been made in reference to the evidence; but lish a precedent upon this subject. The matter was mooted and dis­ fortunately the evidence has been all set forth in the report which is cussed considerably on Monday last. But there was action one way by presented, and which is now before the House. I will only allude to a majority of one vote in one case and action in another way in perhaps the affidavit of Stephen M. Chester. He says: two or three other cases by a little larger vote. So that it still remains General Benham suffered severely with rheumatism and was treated therefor a question as to what is the sense of this House in relation to giving by lhe surgeons of the neighboring hospital camp. $50 a month to widows of general officers in the .Army and officers of I do most distinctly recollect that he did bn.Ye such attacks during the period corresponding rank in the Navy. mentioned, and no doubt exists in my mind that the d isease to which he ulti­ mately succumbed grew out of the exposure which he then subjected himself I think, Mr. Speaker, that this bill presents to this House a fair case to in his ardent zeal and strict sense of duty. for making a test. There is nothing in the case for which the friends of this widow can claim extraordinary merit, or can say that she ought There are other affidavits of similar purport. to be singled out from among the widows of the country and given a A MEMBER. How old is the widow? much larger pension than the law allows. So if I state the proposition 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2819

co:rrectly, I ask gentlemen to consider that when they vote to-day in out $50 a month for the widow of one man, $50 a month for the widow favor of the passage of this bill it amounts to -voting in favor of ghring of another man, $2,000 a year for the widow of another, and so on. $50 a month to the widows of all general officers. Mr. BRADY. I would like to ask the gentleman why he >oted to 1\fr. HOLMAN. Without reference to disability. give the $2,000? Mr. MATSON. Yes; witltout reference to the question of disabil­ Mr. JOHNSTON,- of Indiana. I voted for the pension to 1\irs. Han­ ity, and without reference to the cause of death. That, as I conceive, cock simply because a similar pens~on had been granted to the widow Mr. Speaker, is the proposition presented to the Honse upon which it of General Thomas, who was a Republican; and when you came here • is to vote. I believe that this kind of legislation is vicious; I believe andasked-- that it tends to build up an aristocracy; I believe that the pensions of Mr. BRADY. Is not that a precedent? this country, as to rates, at least, ought to begoverned by general laws. Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. Wait a. moment; I ''"ill answer your I do not say that there are not many. meritorious cases where Congress question. When you came here and asked us to give the same amount ought to intervene and grant a pension, but as to giving pensions for of pension to the widow of General Hancock, while I believed it to be rank, that question ought to be go-verned entirely by general laws, and wrong, yet, as Hancock bad been the standard-bearer of the Democratic one officer, or the widow of one officer, ought not to l)e selected and party, if we had voted against·the proposition it would have been said given one pension while the widows of other officers of corresponding that our opposition was based on political grounds. That is the reason rank are allowed only the pension fixed by law. I repeat that there I voted for it. [Laughter.] is nothing in this case which in my judgment makes it an extraordi­ Mr. BRADY. I understand the gentleman to say-- nary one. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Ur. McUILLIN). Does the gentleman I do not say that the service of every other general officer was just . from Indiana yield? as great, bot I do say that there was nothinp; extraordinary in this case. Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. No, I do not. I say that in this class That this is a record of honorable service no one will deny; that it is of legislation you cannot justify yourselves before the people. Though a record of long service no one will deny, but that there is in it any­ I may have voted inconsistently, it does not settle a great principle. thing extraordinary, anything calling for the intervention of Congress Because I may have been wrong, it is no excuse for any other man to to single on t; this woman from a large number of widows of officers of do the same; and I will advise t.he gentleman from Virginia that, if he corresponding rank and give her a pension so much larger than they expects to keep himself right with his constituents, he had better not receive, no one who has examined the case will contend. follow me too closely. [Laughter.] 1\Ir. Speaker, I yield the remainder of my time to my colleague from Mr. PETTIBONE. I agree to that. Indiana [Mr. JOHNSTO:N]. Mr. GALLINGER. The gentleman admits thathewaswrongoncc. :Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana.. How much time am I to have, Mr. I ask him whether, to be consistent, he is not wrong again. Speaker? Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. I knew I was wrong then. [Laugh­ The SPEAKER p ro tempore. Ten minutes. ter.] I knew I was wrong when I cast the vote; and I told my col­ Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. :Mr. Speaker, no gentleman upon this leagues that I did not indorse the principle, but cast the vote for the floor can discuss this question properly in ten minutes, but I will reason I have given here-not because I indorsed the principle upon make my str.tement as brief as I can. There is a principle underlying which the proposition was based. this question of granting special pensions which this House ought to Now, I say, gentlemen can not justify themselves before the soldiers consider well before voting. The gentleman from Connecticut who has of the country in this class of legislation. Iftheythink that the rank preceded me [Mr. BucK] said that we had thirty-eight precedents for and file of the soldiers of this country indorse legislation of this kind legislation of the kind proposed in this bill, and the gentleman from they are mistaken. Iowa [Mr. HENDERSON] came to the rescue and added another, a bill Mr. GALLINGER. We will take our chances on that. passed by the present House, making the number tlrirty-nine. Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. Youmaytryyourchances. But men I want the House to understand that the pension to the widow of in this Congress who have bad the nerve to stand up and oppose this GenemlCrockerwas p!1Ssed at a night session, when there were not more class of legislation have their tables piled with private lettem from than forty members present, and was passed upon the earnest appeal soldiers in all parts of the country indorsing their course and votes on of the gentleman from Iowa, when there were some of us standing these questions. I could point out members here who have stacks upon here protesting that it was wrong in principle. We knew it was wrong, stacks of letters from humble private soldiers indorsillg their course in but the only way to defeat it was to call for a quorum, and that would refusing to single out the widow of one man and put her in a poaition defeat at the same time the claims of private soldiers who were seeking to live in comfort and ease, while the widow of another man who car­ to get upon ihe pension-roll. ried the knapsack and musket for three or four years must go to the And now, having passed a bill under these circumstances, they oome poor-house to li-ve and die a pauper, simply because she is unable to back and ring it in upon ns as a precedent, when it was only passed by prove that the disease from which her husband died was contracted in

forty member .~ of the House, and then only upon the plea that if a his service in the Army. If she can not prove that1 she has no remedy quorum was demanded it would result in killing the pension bill of whatever. some deserving private soldier. Mr. WARNER, of Missouri Will thevotingofth.is pension deprive Mr. HENDERSON, of Iowa. Will the gentleman allow me to in­ that woman of the opportunity of proving those facts? . terrupt him? Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. No, sir; but why not put her on the Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana.. Yes; but I do not want it to come. pension-roll by au act of Congress? out of my time. Mr. BOUTELLE. Bring her case in, and we will vote for it. M:r. HENDERSON, of Iowa. Mr. Chairman, I am not aware that Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. We are talking now about general there was any advantage of any character taken that night. principles. It is easy enough for gentlemen to say they will -vote for Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. There was not, because you begged such a bill; but you must first get a report from the committee. us not to do it.. Mr. GALLINGER. But the gentleman admits that he has not any :Mr. HENDERSON, of Iowa. I simply want to add, that it was principle in his votes. stated here in that same debate that there had never been an instance ML JOHNSTON, of Indiana.. I do not admit that. I say I have a of the kind v.-here a pension had been refused to the widow of a gen­ priri.ciple in my votes. I admit that I voted against one hill contrary eral office1·, a11d that statement was uncontradicted. to my views of right; but I do not intand to vote for another. Mr. JOHN~TON, of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, if I have only ten The SPEAKER. The gentleman's time has expired. minutes, I would like to at least control my own time. Now, I say Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. S,Pffiker, fifteen minutes have been occupied that action should not be ta,ken as a precedent for this case. All over in opposition to this bill and ten minutes in favor of it. I will only oc­ this land we have private soldiers appealing to Congress for some kind cupy the floor five minutes, and then call the previous question. I of relief, for some kind of legislation whereby they may be relieved make this announcement now, because I do not wish to be guilty of any from the operation of the unjust and harsh rules prescribed by the Pen­ seeming discourtesy in moving the previous question at the conclusion sion Bureau, by which they are compelled to prove that they were of my remarks. sound men when they entered the service. I voted in opposition to this bill when the question was taken by yeas All over this broad land, I say, there are men who are unable to make and nays on Monday last. I did so under the belief that the claimant the proof required by the Pension Office, and who are in the almshonses was now receiving $30 a month under the general law. and the poor-houses of the country. and when they ask Congress for Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. .As a matter of fact, is she not getting relief, their appeals are met by the argument that you can not pension 20 a month? them, because it would make too great a drain upon the Treasury. Several MEMBERS. No, sir. The men who carried your flag from the Ohio to the sea and back to Mr. SPRINGER. I will statewhatthefactiS. Sheis gettingnoth­ this capital when they ask to be pensioned are answered by the argu­ ing on account of her husband's services, but is receiving $20 a month ment that to grant their demn,nds would bankrupt the national Treas­ on account of the services of her father. But if this bill should pass, ury. You say that you can not afford to pension the men who carried she will get $50 a month in lien of all other pension allowances towhich the musket and the knapsack for three years because it would pile up she might be entitled. a debt that this nation could not pay. Yet this Congress sits here day Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana. I ask the gentleman from illinois after day, runs its hands down into the vaults of the Treasury and pulls whether she is not now on the pension-roll by a special act of Congress -282() CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARcH 26,

as the daughter of General McNeill, and drawing a pension at the rate The question was taken; and it was decided in the nffirmative-yeas of 20? 117, nays85, not voting 121; as follows: .Ur. SPRI~GER. I hope the gentleman will not take up my time YEAS-117. in reiterating what I have said myself. Adams, G. E. !>avis, Hudd, Scott, Mr. Mcl\IILLIN. I hope my friend from lllinois will allow me to Allen, C. H. Dibble, Hutton, Scranton, ask a question. .Anderson, C.M. Dockery, Johnson, F. A. Seney, Anderson, J. A. Dorsey, Jones,J. T. Seymour, Mr. SPRINGER. If I am to answer all these questions before I can Bayne, Eldredge, Kelley, Shaw, proceed with my statemen~ I may have to withdraw what I have said Bingham, Ely, Laird, Smalls, in regard to the time I should occupy. Bliss, Evans, Libbey, Sowden, Bound, Farquhar, Lindsley, Spooner, l\Ir. :McMILLIN. There is one tact not developed thus far in this Boutelle, Findlay, Long, Springer, discussion, which I think should be brought out. Is it not a fact that Brady, Fleeger, . Lore, Steele, the reason this lady is not drawing a pension on account of the services Bragg, Frederick, Lovering, Stewart, J. W. Breckinridge,WCP.Funston, Lyman, Stone, E. F. of her deceased husband is that he was on the retired-list, and that Brown, C. E. Gallinger, 1\Iarkham, Strait, widows of this class of officers are not permitted to draw pensions under Brown, \V. \V. Gay, Maybury, Swinburne, the general law? That is the reason we ought not to grant this pen­ Buchanan, Green, R. S. Merriman, Taylor, E. B. Buck, Grosvenor, 1\Iillard, Taylor, Zach. sion. We ought not to ta.ke care of the husband during his life and Bunnell, Hanback, 1\Iitchell, Thomas, 0. B. then of all those who come after him for all time. Burleigh, Harmer, Nelson, Wakefield, Mr. SPRINGER. Let my time begin now. Burrows, Hayden, O'Neill, Charles Wait Campbell,Felix Haynes, O'Neill, J. J. Ward,T.B. The SPEAKER. The gentleman is not subject to interruption ex­ Campbell, J. E. Henderson, D. B. Osborne, Warner, \Villiall1 cept by his own consent. Campbell, T. J. Herman, Outhwaite, Weber, Mr. SPRINGER. I desire to make a statement that if I am to an­ Carleton, Hewitt, Owen, \Vest, Catchings, Hiestand, Parker, White, A. C. swer questions every moment of course I will not be able to do so. Cole, Hires, Perkins, White, Milo llr. HAMMOND. The gentleman's time is under his own control, Conger, Hiscock, Pettibone, Wh.iting, and let him proceed without interruption. Cooper, Holmes, Pirce, Wolford. Curtin, Hopkins, Rice, Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, it is true when this officer died he Dargan, Honk, Rogers, was on the retired-list, but it is also true he was on the active-list for Davenport., Howard, Ryan, forty-five years. He was in the Mexican war, and his record of service NAYS-85. is as brilliant as that of any man whose widow wehaveplacedupon the Allen,J.M. Everhart, Lawler, Sayers, statute-book as entitled to a pension. Ballentine, Fisher, Lowry, Stewart, Charles Let me call the attention of the House to what is said by General Beach, Forney, :Martin, Stone, ·w.J.,Ky. Bennett, Fuller, 1\Iatson, Storm, Wilson in the report which has been already read by the Clerk: Blanchard, Geddes, McComas, Swope, General Benham was promoted successively from the grade oflieutenant t-o thnt Bland, Glass, :McCreary, Taulbee. of eolonel of engineers and brigadier-general of volunteers, having declined the Breckinridge, C. R. Green, W. J. McRae, Taylor, J.M. appointment of major in the Ninth Infantry, tendered him in March, 1885. Bynum, Halsell, 1\liller, Throckmorton He received the brevets of captain,. United States Army, "for gallant and mer­ Cabell, Hnmmond, :Morrison, Turner, itorious conduct in the battle of Buena. Vista," February23,1847; colonel, United CampbeU, J.l\I. Harris, Neal, \Vade, States Army," for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Carrick's Candler, Hatch, Neece, Warner,A.J. Ford, Va.," July 13,1861; brigadier-general, United States Army, for "gallant Cannon, Heard Norwood, \Veaver,A. J. nnd meritorious services in the campaign terminating with the surrender of the Clements, Hemphill, Oates, \\Teaver, J. B. insurgent army under General Robert E. Lee," 1\Iarch 13,1865; major-general, Cowles, Henderson, J. S. O'Donnell, Wheeler. United States Army, for "gallant and meritorious services during tbe war," Crain. Holman, Pindar, Wilkins; March 13,1865, and major-general of volunteers, "for gallant and meritorious Crisp ~ Johnston, J. T. Price, Wilson, services during the war," March 13,1865. Croxton, Johnston, T; D. Reagan, Winans, Davidson, A. C. Jones,J.H. Reid,J.W. \Vise, This officer has been a worker in the service for forty-five years. He Davidson, R. H.M. Kleiner, Reese, \Vorthington. Dingley, La. Follette, Richardson, has performed gallant and meritorious service on many fields. He bas Dunn, Landes, Riggs, also discharged the more arduous service of building ponton bridges Ells berry, Lanham, Sadler, over which our Army bas crossed in the face and under the hottest fire NOT VOTING-121. of the enemy. He has given a long and laborious life to the service of Adams,J.J. Eden, l\IcAdoo, Sawyer, his country. His widow is now over sixty-six years of age and in the Aiken, Ermentrout, :McKenna, Sessions, course of nature will remain but a few years longer with us. She is in Arnot, Felton, 1\IcKinley, Singleton, Atkinson, Foran, 1\[cl\Iillin, Skinner, destitute circumstances, and while she is justly entitled to this recog­ Baker, Ford, Milliken, Snyder, nition on the part of the Government, she also needs this aid to smooth narbour, Gibson, C. II. 1\Iills, Spriggs, and console her declining years. Congress ought in my judgment to Barksdale, Gibson, Eustace l\Ioffiltt, Stahlnecker, Barnes, Gilfillan, Morgan, Stephenson, make an exception of this case by placing her name on the pension-roll Barry, Glover , Morrill, St. Martin. in accordance with the provisions of the pending bill. Belmont, Goff, :l\Iorrow, Stone, \V. J ., Mo. Blount, Grout, Muller, Struble, Mr. l!IcCOMAS. Will the gentleman from Illinois consent to an Boyle, Guenther, Murphy, Symes, amendment making the pension $30 a month instead of $50 a month? Browne, T . l't:l. Hale, Negley, Tarsney, If he will do so I will vote for the proposition. Brumm, I WI, O'Ferrall, Taylor, I. H. nurnes, Henderson, T . J. O'Hara, Thomas, J. R. Mr. SPRINGER. I can not consent to any such amendment. Be­ Butterworth, Henley, Payne, Thompson, sides, the bill is not subject to amendment on its final passage. Caldwell, Hepburn, Payson, Tillman, Now, the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. JoHNSTON] said if this bill Caswell, Herbert., Peel, Townshend, Clardy, Hill Perry, Trigg, were to pass it would be a precedent for giving the widows of all gen­ Cobb, Hitt: Peters, Tucker, eral officers a pension of $50 a month. It would no more be a prece­ Collins, Irion, Phelps, Vnn Eaton, dent for giving a pension of $50 to the widows of general officers than Compton, Jackson, Pidcock, VanSchaick, Comstock, James, Plumb, Viele, the proposition which was promptly made in this House at the be­ Cox, Ketcham, Pulitzer, Wadsworth, ginning of this session by that gentleman to give the widow of General Culberson, King, Randall, Ward, J.H. Grant a pension of $5,000 a yea!) and which is now the law, would be Cutcheon, Laffoon, Ranney, Wellborn, Daniel, LeFevre, Reed,T.B. Willis, a precedent for givin6 to the widow of every general officer the like Dawson, Lehlbach, Robertson, • Woodburn. amount of pension of $5,000 a year. It was, Mr. Speaker, a recognition, Dougherty, Little Rockwell, a proper and generous recognition on the part of this great Republic of Dowdney, Louttlt1 , Romeis, the services of her distinguished husband. And I invoke for the widow Dunham, Mahoney, Rowell, of this faithful officer who performed forty-five years of active service So the bill was passed. the same recognition~ although in a more limited degree and for a pen- During the roll-<'all the following pairs were announced from the sion of a much smaller amount. - Clerk's desk until further notice: This is all I have to say. I hope the House will pass the bill. Mr. PIDCOCK with lli. LEHLB.ACH. Mr. BOUTELLE. Is it not a fact that the operation of this bill would Ur. FORAN with Mr. THOMPSON. add only $30 a month to her pension? Mr. TOWNSHEND with Mr. THOli.AS, of Illinois. Mr. SPRINGER. Certainly, she is now, as I said before, receiving a Mr. GrnsoN, of West Virginia, with 1\ir. .STEPHENSON. pension of $20 a month on account of the services rendered to the country Mr. CALDWELL with :M:r. NEGLEY. by her father, hut nothing on a

Mr. LAFFOON with Mr. LoUTTIT. squa.dron of cavalry or of the battalion of infantry, and is composed of Mr. O'FERRALL with Mr. Y AN ScHAICK, until March 30. one body of troops, including both gunners and drivers, which took the For this day : name of ''battery.'' But the WarOfficeabsurdlyheld to the contrary­ Mr. TARSNEY with Mr. IKE H. TAYLOR. contrary to the usages of all armies of the civilized world, including our :M:r. ROBERTSON with Mr. LITTLE. own country, thatthe battery was the equivalent, simply, of a company 1\fr. RANDALL with Mr. McMILLIN. Ifpresent,lli. RANDALL would of infantry or troop of cavalry. Hence the artillery of the Army of the vote "ay" and Mr. McMILLIN "no." Potomac, consisting of sixty batteries of three hundred and sixty guns, :Mr. McMILLIN. I voted on the roll-call, but I find I am paired was considered as the equivalent of only a brigade of infantry, and con­ withthegentlemanfromPennsylvania [Mr. RANDALL]. !understand sequently, under the law which prescribed a brjgadier-general for each he is unable to be here, and therefore I withdraw my vote. brigade of from four to six regiments, but one brigadier-general could Mr. CRAIN with Mr. SESSIONS. be given to the whole artillery arm of the service. Mr. MILLS with Mr. McKINLEY. All the armies of the United States, aggregating at one time upward Mr. WELLBORN with Mr. Hrrr. of two millions of men, on this basis could not have furnished artillery Mr. CuLBERSON with Mr. ATKINSON'. enough to warrant the appointment of a major-general of artillery. Mr. HERBERT with Mr. GOFF. Hence the artillery officers, by a strained and unnatural construction Mr. MULLER with Mr. GUENTHER. of the law, were deprived of promotion. This is an anomaly which Mr. McADoo with Mr. GILFILLAN. bore hard on that arm ofthe service, and justice can only be done by Mr. DORSEY with Mr. SNYDER. a special law to correct the evils in any given case. , Mr. DORSEY. I am paired only on political questions with Mr. It has been proposed, Mr. Chairman, to correct such evils by a gen­ SNYDER for the day. eral law; that is, to pass a general law, providing that officers shall be Mr. Cox with Mr. DUNHAM. retired on one grade higher than their rank on the active-list, providing Mr. DOWDNEY with Mr. JAMES. they held that higher grade in the volunteer service during the war. Mr. JAMES. I amonlypaired with Mr. . DOWDNEYuntil Saturday This seems to be fair; but what would be its practical working? on all political questions. When the volunteer armies were raised it was provided that there The vote was then announced as above recorded. should be appointed one brigadier-general for each brigade of from four 1\fr. SPRINGER moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was to six regiments, not less than four and not to exceed six; and one major­ passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the general for each division, to be composed of not less than twelve regi­ table. ments, or three brigades. This method, while not fixing an absolute The latter motion was agreed to. number of such officers, limited the total number by the number of brigades·or divisions in the service at any one given time. . COL. HENRY J. HUNT. When this law was passed many brigadier-generals were appointed, Mr. SPRINGER. I now move that the House resolve itself into the some to be chiefs of staff, some to be adjutant-generals, some chief Committee of the Whole for the purpose of resuming the consideration quartermasters and commissaries some provost-marshals-general and of the Private Calendar. for other service, for whom·no such rank had been provided in the law. Mr. WHEELER. I move an amendment to the motion of the gen­ Some who were sent into the field in command of troops proved to be tleman from lllinois, that when the House resumes the consideration incompetent and were shelved; but the same influences that had en­ of the bill pending in the Committee of the Whole that the debate be abled them to obtain commissions enabled tlrem also to retain their limited to an hour and a half. rank after their retirement from the field. .As to the major-generals, Mr. SPRINGER. That is not an amendment; it is an independent there were a number of appointments of the same kind, one of the first motion. being General Hitchcock, who declined as being incapacitated for field The SPEAKE.R. The gentleman from illinois moves to go into the service, but was again appointed with the understanding that he was Committee of the·Whole 1or the consideration of bills on the Private not required for field service, but for his valuable ex~rience and coun­ Calendar, and pending that that debate on the bill pending in the com­ sel. He consequently accepted the appointment and. became a coun­ mittee be limited to au hour and a half. selor to the war office and general-utility man. Another appointment Ji1r. SPRINGER. The gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. LAIRD] has .was given to the governor of a State, Governor Morgan, of New York, the floor, and I desire before_the question is put-to know how much time and certainly he never was expected to exercise that commanu in the remains to him? field; and another one was appointed to a local command. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Nebraska has fifty minntes Now, for each of these officers of staff, administrative, and shelved remaining. as incompetent, thus receiving co:mlhissions as general officers, some Mr. SPRINGER. I do not think it is fair to limit the debate to an officers of junior rank had to go into the field and perform the duties hour and a half, because there will be:no opportunity by that arrange­ properly belonging to these gentlemen, without the rank or the pay be­ ment to give an equal division to the other side. I understand the gen­ longing to the duties whic:!h they performed, so that divisions were often tleman from Wisconsin [Mr. BRAGG], chairmaJl. of the Committee on commanded by brigadier-generals and brigades by colonels. Military Affairs, who is not now in his seat, desires to be heard. Ifthe Now, under the proposed general law "to reward service" all the gentleman will agree that the debate shall go on I have no doubt it service of these officers is to be pooled, unless you follow the policy of will be brought to a close at the proper time. meting out justice to them by means of special bills, and the rewards to. Mr. WHEELER. I made the suggestion at the request of the chair- be distributed not to the men who did the service, who exercised the man of the committee, bat I will not further insist upon it. commands, who bore the responsibilities as well as the expense, but the The SPEAKER. Is the motion withdrawn? "divvy" is to go to the men who held the rank, while the men who Mr. WHEELER. I withdraw it. did the service are to be deprived of all benefit because of their want Mr. SPRINGER's motion was then agreed to; and the House aecord­ of it (i.e., rank). They are not provided for by the general law. ing1y resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole on the Private There is but one just and proper way to meet the evils that are mani­ Calendar, Mr. HATCH in the chair. fest in this, and that is by taking up each case on its own merits and The CHAIRMAN. The House resumes the consideration of the bill doing justice according to the facts, and it would be a strange thing, (H. R. 37) to change the rank of an officer on the retired-list of the Mr. Chairman, if this Congress should prove itself unable to discrimi­ Army; on which the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. LAmD] has the nate between the cases which have merit and those which have no merit. floor, and has still fifty minutes of his time remaining. True, it can be done only by special legislation, for special legislation M:r. LAIRD. Mr. Chairman, it is not my desire to take up the time only can provide for anomalous cases. General Hunt, with the rank of the committee except for the few moments necessary to complete the of colonel and brigadier-general, exercised for nearly four years the remarks commenced on Friday last. When interrupted on last pri­ command of a maJor-general of the Army ofthe United States, and he vate bill day by the House passing from the Committee of the Whole is, so far as can be ascertained, the only officer in the armies of the United for the consideration of this bill, I was about to discuss the objection States in that great war who exercised a permanent :corps command which was urged tothepassageoftheactby~veralgentlemenwhohad without receiving the rank and pay of a major-general. participated in the debate, and whose objections were predicated upon Now, Mr. Chairman, withoutin anywayinterferingwith the organ­ the fact of the chara-cter of the legislation proposed. ization of the Army, he can receive the benefits of that rank. And is It is to be admitted th::l.t the bill under consideration is a private bill, there any man upon the floor of this House, particularly upon this side ::md is intended to make amends for an injustice suffered under a mis­ of it, who will deny that General Hunt is entitled to that rank and construction of a general law. That construction comes about in this that reward, so far as it is in our power to confer it? It is not becom­ manner: F'ormerly a division of artillery was composed of a train of ar­ ing to the justice or the honor of a great and wealthy nation to exact tillery of six guns together with all of their appurtenances, and a com­ or accept such services from him at his own cost and the impoverish­ pany of cannoneers larger than a company of infantry, together with a ment of his family. company of drivers-mounted, equipped, uniformed, and paid differ­ If he should now be retired with the rank and pay of a major-general ently from the company of cannoneers. from the date of his retirement to the day of his death, as indicated by That is to say, then a train of artillery was composed of two compa­ the mortality tables, the increase of pay, if profitably invested, would nies, one a foot company and one mounted, called "drivers." In all not make good to him the extra expenses and their accumulations; it modern arrojes this "division" of artillery is the equivalent of the would require the full pay of a major-general for t!te balance of his ~822 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MAROH 26, life to make full restitution to his family of the fund which was taken this case which distinguishes it from all others that have fallen under from them by him in order that he might maintain himself in the field my observation, and that is the modesty of the man, under considera­ as a major-general while only holding the mnk and drawing the pay tion. He was content to believe that he could serve his country better of a brigadier-general. He does not need this extra pay to live on, but in a subordinate tlun in a superior position. What other general can hedoesneedit to die on and to make good the losses of fortune which his be named who did not believe that his country's good lay in his pro­ family sustained by reason of the expenses imposed on him while ex­ motion? ercising a command as a major-general and bearing its expenses with- It is legitimate in this connection for the House to take notice of the ~fu~ . rewards which by example invited Hunt to seek other fields of action. The objection, l\Ir. Chairman, of the distinguished gentleman fmm Sherman, Thomas, Reynolds, Ricketts, Griffin, and many others distin­ Maine [Mr. REED] to the bill now under consideration, as I understood guished in the war were Hunt's coequals in the Mexican war, and were it, goes, not to this particular measure or to General Hunt, who is the engaged in the same branch of the service there he was, namely, in the object of it, but to this bill as a precedent, on the theory that it is the artillery. They, by passing from that branch of the service, came al­ good case which makes the bad precedent. Not that there is no merit most instantly to the command of brigades, divisions, corps, and armies. in this case, but that there is danger in it as a precedent for cases in No man conversant with the character andabilityofGeneral Hunt can which there will be no merit except that of the precedent itself. question but what had he abandoned the branch of service to which he Let us see. General Hunt has been forty-eight years in the active had dedicated himself he would at least have equaled or surpassed many service, and through two wars he was especially mentioned for distin­ of the officers to whom I have called the attention of the Honse. guished services in nearly every battle in which he was engaged from On the question of law which is submitted by the gentleman from the beginning of the war with Mexico to the close of the war for the :M:aine [Mr. REED] it will be noticed that the Court of Claims, pass­ preservation of the Union. He won every grade from lieutenant of ar­ ing upon an almost absolutely like case, have raised a distinction be­ tillery to major-general of the armies of the United States by brevet tween rank and office which does away with the objection presented before he got it actually for gallant and meritorious services on the bat­ by 1\Ir. REED. In volume 15 Court of Claims Reports, page 151, the tlefields. He subordinated himself to the good of his country, andre­ case of T. J. Wood, Second United States Cavalry, will be found this mained, not from choice but from motives of patriotism, at the head of decision, the syllabus ofwh1ch is as follows: the artillery, thus sacrificing personal fame, rank, and honor, as well as I. The distinction between "office," "rank," and "grade" in the Army ex­ pay to a great cause. amined and stated. I submit here a letter of General McClellan to Colonel Lyman, of the II. Appointments to office ca.n be made only by the e:s:ecuth·e branch of the Government in the manner provided by the Constitution (Article ll, section 2), Forty-eighth Congress, in which he sets out the reasons why General and not by Congressional enactment. Hunt was not promoted according to merit: III. Congress may retire an officer from active service and place him on the retired-list upon o. rank different from that which attaches to his office by gen­ 32 WASHINGTON SQUARE, NEW YoRK, May Z7, 1884. eral laws, and may change the mere rank of an officer pn the active or retired 1\fy DEAR CoLONEL LYMAN: I have just read the debate upon the bill to place list at pleasure, without coming in conflict with the Constitution. Col. H . .J. Hunt on the retired-list as a. major-general. I assigned Colonel (then Major) Hunt to the command of the artillery reserve oftheA.rmyofthe Potomac Here it will be noticed that the distinction is taken between a per­ soon after its organization. He held that command until the arrival of the army ou the .James River at the close of "the seven days," when, upon General Barry son who holds an office and the rank of the office so held-between being relieved from duty, I appointed Hunt to_the position of chief of artillery. rank and office. If a person shall no~ hold an office at the time Con­ Hunt was more than once applied for by other generals to be assigned to them gress attempts by legislation to confer i~ upon him, then the case is as commander of a brigade of infantry, but my appreciation of the value of his services in the artillery was such that I steadfastly resisted all such applications. open to the objection of the gentleman from J\iaine [Mr. REED], namely, His experience with field artillery in Mexico, his intimate knowledge of the that the attempt on the part of Congress to promote a person not an theory and practice of artillery, his successful labors in improving the tactics of officer to an officer by law is to encroach upon the proper province of that arm, his remarkable administrative ability, his extraordinary power of handling masses of artillery in battle-in brief; his peculiar aud entire fitness for the Executive. But that is not this case, and consequently it is not. the position ofchiefofartilleryofa large army in the field-rendereditmyduty obnoxious to that objection. General Hunt, unlike General Porter, un­ to call upon him to sacrifice his chances of promotion and his individual inter­ like General Grant, holds an office in the Army of the United States ests for the good of the country and the efficiency of the army under my com­ mand. Most cheerfully and without a murmur Hunt acceded to my demand. to-day. The execu.tive power has been exercised in his case; he haS' beeu ' I did my best-but in vain-to obtain for him rank and promotion in his own clothed with the office; he has it now. arm, and never permitted myself to doubt that in the end he wonld receive The question presented for the consideration ofthe House is, whether the just rewardofhisservicesand sacrifices. In the armiesofthegreatmilita.ry powers his command would have been regarded as the equivalent of an army or not it can, without objection under the laws, confer upon him an corps, and he would have received the corresponding rank and reward. If additional rank in that office. General Wood (whose case is cited in Hunt had been permitted to take command of a brigade of infantry, he would Court of Claims) was retired by an act of Congress as a major-general. long before the close of the war have been in command of an army corps at By a subsequentactofCongress he was reduced in rank from major-gen­ least. In view of the fact that he sacrificed his chance of promotion to his sense of eral to brigadier-general, and consequently the case before the Court of duty to his own arm of the service and in deference to the urgent wishes of at Claims from which I cite. The court, construing these laws and dis­ least one of the commanders of the Army of the Potomac, I think that the bill in question should be regarded a.s a simple act of justice, and not as a special cussing this whole question, held that it is within the power of Congress fa vor to him. I admit that such bills should be closely scrutinized and passed either to confer a rank or to take away a rank. Tba~, I take it, settles only in extraordinary cases, but this is an exttaordina.ry and exceptional case, the question of law. - in fact I know of none other just like it, and the more carefully it is a~mined the more clear will it be that it is a proper case for extraordinary action on the part Now, Mr. Chairman, as to the precedents in this case. I care little of Congress. or nothing about the question of consistency, for consi~ncy is com­ - Let me say one thing more-the position of chief of artillery was not a grade, monly the refuge of weak minds, but I have taken occasion to examine nor wns it a definite position or rank in that arm; it was simply a matter of detail or assignment, carrying with it vastly increased responsibilities and the record of the vote upon the question of the appointment of Ulysses duties, without any corresponding pay or privileges. S. Grant to the office of general npon the retired-list of the Army of With the earnest hope that this measure of justice may be meted out to one the United States, and I find there that, moved either by an over­ who served his country so long, so gallantly, and so ably, and that this debt of gratitude so long due may now be paid, powering sense of patriotism, or by an overpowering sense of duty, or I am, sincerely, your friend, because for the moment he slept upon the requirements of the law and GEO. B. McCLELLAN. the Constitution, the gentleman from Maine [Mr. REED J voted '' ay '' CoL THEODORE LYMAN, United States House of Representatives, lVashington, D. 0. upon the pu.ssage of that bill. Mr. Chairman, all I have to say is this: Nobody loves the daring and _Gener'Jl Hunt held the command of major-general, in faet, from the genial leader of this side of the Honse better than I do, and nobody is beginning of the war to the end of it. He twice won the rank to which more ready to follow him ~han I am, but I take it that in this case he this bill seeks to elevate him by meritorious services, a.s is evidenced by simply made a mistake as to who it was that was "whipping the de-\'il the two commissions which are respectfully submitted in evidence to around the stump." We have a right to follow hi9 example in voting the Honse. on another bill like that wherein he set the example (U.S. Grant), and I hold in my hand the two brevet commissions to General Henry J. I do not think he has any right to rebuke us for it. Hunt, in one of which it is mentioned he is promoted by brevet for gal­ One word, Mr. Chairman, about the policy of all this, a question lant and meritorious conducton the field of battle at Gettysburg; this which seems to weigh heavily upon the minds of some gentlemen here. is a brevet of major-general in the volunteer service of the United I take it, sir, that our minds meet upon this proposition that, both as a States. The other is for general meritorious service during the conduct matter of sentiment and as a matter of duty, we regard it as incumbent of the war, by which he is brevetted to a major-generalship in the reg­ upon ns to see to it that the country shall deal justly and generously ular Army of the United States. with the men who came to its rescue in the day of its peril, and that ].lr. Chairman, the gentleman from Maine declaims against this kind without reference to the chance of rank. of legislation. He is well advised in the history of his own and that of Our friends find a grievance in the fact that this bill proposes to con­ other countries. Will he cite to the House another case that can arise fer a reward upon a major-general, which somehow renders it obnoxious from the war of the rebellion? Will he cite to the House one case to their theories of good government, in that the private soldier in some from the war of the Revolution down that can in any wise parallel the manner, I can not understand how, is to be placed at a disadvan~ge by facts presented in Hunt's case? Is there an instance from the time of it. How is a private soldier to be inj nred by j nstice to a major-general? Cresar to that of Grant that will fnrnish a parallel to the case of Gen­ I do not understa.nd it, sir. I ca.n not comprehend it. If there was eral Hunt? from this any disadvantage to come to the private soldier I confess I Gentlemen_profess to fear a precedent. There is one quality about -should not only hesitate in advocating this bill, but, if I so understood 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2823 it, I too would vote against it. If any evil could come to any private precise figures, $3,375. Thus we have one thing officially established, soldier by reason of justice being done to Henry J. Hunt, I know that that the present pay of this officer whose case is now under considera­ he would wish me to refuse to vote for his promotion. But how can tion is $3,375 per annum, or $281.25 per month. I may state in this that come? How can it be that, in any manner, any disadvantage can same connection thatthe effect of this bill, if passed, will be to increase come to the private soldier from this legislation? There is no tribunal, this sum to $5,625, an increase of $2,250 per annum. there is no Department, having either legal or equitable powers, other Having corrected that mistake, I propose now to call attention to than the Congress, to which the case of General Hunt can be referred. another fact. On page 2569 of the RECORD of this session I find the There is a department, h...wing at least legal powers, to which the case following: of the soldier, private or officer, complaining of injuries or aaking pen­ 1\fr. BINGHAM. I have no desire to antagonize the gentleman who has just sion, can go for action, and, if his case be proven, for reward. But, not­ spoken. I regret the necessity of taking this bill before the House in its full ses­ withstanding this department, this House, on every Friday night since sion. I remember distinctly having heard. and having seen in tho RECORD, the ~me argument and the same speech made by the gentleman one year ago at I have bt".en a member of it, has voted to place all meritorious private an evening session in connection with the pension to the widow of 1\laj .. Gen. soldiers and officers, their widows and orphans, on the pension-roll. George H. Thomas. These are private bills; so is Hunt's; and if Congress has power, and :Mr. Chairman, on page 1666 of the RECORD of the second session it is policy, to do equity to th(private soldier in defiance of the find­ of the Forty-eighth Congress is one of the speeches referred to by the ings of the Pension Office, why not do equity to General Hunt? gentleman from Pennsylvania. On page 2568 of the RECORD of the He did what he could for his country, and so did we of the rank and first session of the Forty-ninth Congress is the other speech, which the file. Who raises the question of rank and seeks with)t to stifle the de­ gentleman from Pennsylvania has said are identical. Thus it comes to mands of justice? Courage furnished the only rank that did not fade be telegraphed awayto Wisconsin that the gentleman from Pennsylva­ in the face of death, and that rank Hunt had and we loved him for it. nia. ·"made a very sharp and cuttiiig reply" to the gentleman from It was an army of equals, and let those beware who seek to sharpen Wisconsin. I wish to say upon this point simply this: If the statement the daggers of difference and hate. If it is good policy for the Con­ were true as a fact of history, it would only place me in the uncomfort­ gress to pass the cases of officers and men that come to this House from able position of being able to make only one speech in two years. the Pension Office marked "rejected," as I believe it is, then it is no· [Laughter.] But when the gentleman examines the two speeches, he less policy and patriotism to do even-handed justice to General Hunt. will discover that they are not alike-not the "same speech." The private pension cases come here with a statement upon their face Mr. BINGHAM. Not in idea? to the effect that the applicants have no legal claim upon the Govern­ Mr. PRICE. The same underlying principle governs every honest ment; but this House, moved by its patriotism, moved by its sense of man in the transaction of business, public or private, and I nrgued duty, moved by what you will, puts the names of those applicants upon from the same premises; but the same words, the same arrangement the pension-roll and votes them in the aggregate hundreds of thou­ of words or sentences, will not be found there. The two speeches were sands of dollars. If the gentleman from Wisconsin wishes to be logical by the same man, but they werenotthe "samespeech." [Applause.] and, according to his own argument, just, let him oppose the pension­ Mr. BINGHAM. But the sentiment was the same. ing of all claimants, resisting all special legislation in the interest of Mr. PRICE. Certainly. So that when you eliminate from the charge the unpensioned millions. He will not do this; he will vote against theelement of insincerity or mistake, you have eliminated from it all Thomas and Grant and Hancock and Hunt-making ita virtue to op­ its point and all its -pith. pose the few where he dare not oppose the many. Let me say that the I desire now to call the attention of my friend from Nebraska [.M:r. man who opposes justice to an officer would if he dared oppose j nstice LAIRD] to a few strictures in relation to this subject made when he to a private; and if the gentleman from Wisconsin thinks he is doing the men of the rank and file a service by defeating justice to a brave had the floor a few days ago. ~fr. WARNER, of Ohio. Will it interrupt my friend from Wiscon­ leader by the cry of possible injustice to private soldiers he is mis­ sin if I ask him to state, as he has the Army Register before him, just taken. We ask only justice for omselves, and that justice which we what pay General Hunt now draws on the retired-list? ::tSk for ourselves we freely accord to others. The gentleman from Wis­ Mr. PRICE. I am willing to restate it. consin professes to be in favor of a pension to all. So am I to all who rendered honorable service. But he knows, as does every sensible sol­ Mr. WARNER, of Ohio. I was on the other side of the House and could not hear the gentleman's former stat-ement. dier, that to demand everything means to secure nothing. What the soldiers want is not those "who speak the word, but those who do the Mr. PRICE. I distinctly state that the present pay of Lieutenant­ Colonel Hunt is $281.25per month, or $3,375 per annum. Gentlemen will." ' will find it on -page 378 of the Army Register for 1886. Now, if it is just and wise to bestow pensions upon thousands of men who have been denied that reward by the Pension Department, by what My distinguished friend from Nebraska [Mr. LAIRD] says: argument in reason, patriotism, or law are we estopped from bestowing I admit we have sinned against the judgment of some gentlemen who were _justice upon this man who to our glory held a position other than that conspicuous in the pursuits of peace during the four years of this war. of a private soldier? Not that I will not vote to pension the prisoners No man, Mr. Chairman, honors the American soldier more than I do. ofthe war, because I will; not thatiwiH not vote to repeal the arrears­ To his valor and to his devotion we are indebted ior a country and a of-pension act, because I will; not that I will not vote for any measure flag. To the fact that at the close of the strife he took his place mod­ which will in any wise ameliorate the condition of my comrades in estly in the ranks of the producers of national wealth we are indebted arms during the late war, because I will. But notwithstanding my for the unexampled rapidity with which we have bounded along the willingness to do this, I will also vote to do justice to Henry J. Hunt. path of national progress during the last quarter of a century. [Ap- Mr. PRICE. Mr. Chairman-- ~~J . The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. PRICE] has As a rule, his bravery on the battlefield is ouly equaled by his mod­ fifteen minutes of his time remaining. esty in not demanding special recognition beyond what is accorded to Mr. PRICE. Mr. Chairman, it will be difficult for me in fifteen min­ him by an appreciative and grateful people. utes to wipe a way the misstatements uttered in the former debate, which But the rule had one exception in the Forty-eighth Congress, in the have had the tendency to mislead the House on this question, and to instance of a gentleman who only rode as a member of a st.aff, as my call attention to the salient or rather the weak points of the proposition distinguished friend from Pennsylvania [Mr. BINGHAl\I] told us he now before us; but I will attempt to do so. did. And now comes the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. LAIRD], I desire first to correct an.erroneous statement, accidentally made no and with a sneer would silence discussion on this subject on the part doubt, which will be found on page 2550 of the CONGRESSIONAL REC­ of those who "were conspicuous in the pursuits of peace during the ORD of this session. I find there the following colloquy: four years of war" because they were civilians and not soldiers. 1\Ir. WARNER, of Missouri. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him one ques­ I have, Mr. Chairman, laid it down as a fundamental principle of tion for information 'I As he is a member of the Committee on Military Affairs, political action that as all soldiers could not be made commanders, we I would like him to state what is the pay now being received by Colonel Hunt should extend equal consideration to those who were commanded, as as a. retired officer? Mr. LAIRD. ram frank to answer that I do not know. It is not a. question or the part they performed in the great drama was as important and as dollars and cents. necessary as the other; the foundation-stone of a building being as im­ Mr. BRAGG. I will answer. It is $2,625; portant a part of the structure as the dome that reflects the sunlight Mr. STEELE. I think the chairman of the Committee on l\1ilitary Affairs [Mr. BRAGG] is mistaken. Probably he does not count in the longevity-pay. above it. [Applause.] Mr. BRAGG. After five years' retired-pay the longevity-pay commences, and is And to the gentleman from Nebraska I submit that those who were estimated on the retired-pay proper, the officer drawing after five years' service "conspicuous in the pursuits of peace," if they were loyal to their Gov­ 10 per cent., after ten years' service 20 per cent., and so on. Mr. STEELE. I think a colonel after twenty years' service gets $1,500, and w ben ernment, if their hearts beat high with hope or throbbed with anxiety retired gets three-fourths of that amount. · as her starry banner floated in victory or was trailed in the dust of de­ Mr. BRAGG. I have the official Army pay-roll before me. · feat, if they did what they could, if it were only to prepare lin~ and 1\Ir. STEELE. What, then, is the pay of a colonel after twenty years' service? Mr. BRAGG. The pay of a colonel on the retired-list is $2,625. bandages for the wounded, should not be taunted or relegated to the rear, but are entitled to as much consideration as the men who com­ Mr. Chairman, it seems to me important that the amount of pay now manded in our armies. [Applause.] received by this officer should be correctly stated. By reference to page Now, Mr. Chairman, having disposed of this subject, I wish to call 378 of the .Army Register I :find that the sum indicated by my colleague the attention of the House for a moment to where we are drifting in [Mr. BRAGG] as $21625 is incorrect, and that the actual amount is, in this direction. I claim it is unjust, destructive, injurious, contrary to 2824 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, the spirit and genius of our American Government that any of these dnce like effects, so will this unrepublican system, if persisted in, distinctions should be made either as to place, position, rank, or pay. prod nee in our own fair land the nihilist of Russia, the socialist of Ger­ For the purpose of calling attention to that point, permit me for one many, and the communist of France. moment to refer to the pension-list of England; for these gentlemen who In other and stronger governments th::tn ours the unequal distribution speak about the propriety of an appropriation of this character will tell of wealth leads to an unequal distribution of power. you, "Wby, look at England." Very well, then, let us look at En­ But in this country you can not, if yon would, reduce wages as in Ire­ gland. Why are we here upon this continent? Why did the Pilgrim land to 4 pence, or as in India to 5 cents per day. Nor as in India, es­ Fathers leave England? It was simply because of that system of laws tablish the legal rate of interest at 30 to 60 per cent. by which they were oppressed, and which recognized but two classes, Nor is it any more pradicable than desirable that in this country the the rulers and the subjects. They came here to build up a better stand­ tenant should be compelled to pay the landlord one-half of his produce, ard of government, based upon the idea that every man was the equal or as in France one-third, or as in England and Scotland one-fourth. · of every other m::tn, and that no distinction should be recognized be.:. If we would secure for this Republic all its magnificent po~sibilties, cause of rank or wealth. if we are true to ourSelves and the sacred trust reposed in us, we will Let me call your attention to the pension-list of England~ here and now call a halt, proceed no farther in this direction, but go Dukes ...... :...... £9,760, 090==$i8, 800,450 back to a recognition of the principle underlying our Government, that l\Ia.rquises ...... u...... 8, 305, 950= 41,529,750 all men are equal before the law, that public places of trust are duties Ea.rls ...... 48,181, 202=240, 906, 010 temporarily imposed by the whole on a part, that the places are to be Viscounts ...... ~···· 11,241,202= 57,206,010 Ba.rons...... 31, 126, 188=155, 630, 940 filled and the duties discharged for a while and then surrendered to those w·ho c.onferred them, and ag::tin the officer becomes the private Total ...... 8544,073,160 citizen, entitled to no more nor no less consideration because of his Her Majesty the Queen...... 619, 383= 3, 006, 915 The Prince of 'Vales ...... 120, 687= 603, 435 place or position, nor to no more nor less consideration because of the Prince Arthur...... 29,000= 145,000 success he may have had or not had in fi.Jling them, but to be entitled Prince Alft·ed...... 26, 596= 132, 980 to honorable mention only to the extent to which he strove to faith- ~~t~~~ ~~Ie~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::. ::: ·::.::::::::: ~: ~ ~: ~ fully and unselfishly discharge those duties. [Applause.] · Princess Louise...... 6, 000= 30,000 All over the land to-day there are heard the mutterings of discontent Duchess of Alba.ny...... 6.000= 30,000 among the people; and thoughtful men are dismayed at the unrest of Duchess of Cambridge ...... 6, 000= 30,000 Princess Augusta ...... 3, 080== 15, 400 the people and their threatened or open rebellion against the laws. Duke of Cambridge...... 22, 203= ill, 015 If this House were to postpone the consideration of all other matters Princess Mary...... 5, 000= 25, 000 now before it for a month and focus their whole thought on this one Prince Edward...... 3, 357= 16,785 danger and the best means of averting it, it would be time well spent. ~t~: ~~f~~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1, ~ ~: ~ Is it not true that mucli of that discontent is'directly attribumble to a Households of deceased so~·ereigns...... 5, 209= 26,045 conviction that they have been unfairly dealt with? And is not the To the royal family...... 4, 344,04.0 enactment of such laws as contemplated in this bill a ground for dis­ content and distrust of us? Total ...... 548,417,200 · Will thepeoplenotaskwhythe men whom they havesentherc should Royal parks, expenditures upon...... 113, 150=...... 565,775 vote an allowance to a retired officer of over $5,000, who is receiving now Grand total ...... 54.8, 982, 975 the sum of $3,775 per annum, while many, oh, so many who are more needy and equally meritorious, because they did what they could, are That is 66 per cent. in excess of our national revenue; and yet gentle­ denied a mere pittance? men will stand upon this floor under this republican form of govern­ This Government can only endure so long as the people are attached ment, in this the last quarter of the nineteenth century, and undertake to it. I do not mean so long as the brigadier-generals or the generals to justify these innovations in our republican system by referring to or the colonels are attached to it, but I mean as well the ohscure and what is done in England. undistinguished-the whole people. [Applause.] Nor is that all. From 1838 to 1878, under the present sovereign, the Then in the name of patriotism, in the name of j nstice, in the name annual payment of the civil-list pensions amounted to $920,442. In of enlightened selfishness, let us be just to all classes. Do not farther addition pensions were granted to sovereigns_ in perpetuity. There follow this bad system because we m::ty have some worse pre_cedents. ' were also ancient and hereditary pensions to a large extent. Speak­ Let us weigh the act in the scales of justice, though it m::ty be to vio­ ing on this subject John Bright said: lat~ a hundred bad precedents. Let us make a better, because a juster, The more you examine this matter the more you will conclude, as I have, that precedent for others to follow. this is neither more nor less than a gigantic system of wrong. [During the delivery of the foregoing remarks the hammer fell.] This is the feast to which these gentlemen would invite us. This is the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentlem::tn from Wisconsin has policy which these gentlemen would ask us to pursue. The inevitable ~~ • . I tendency of it is to lead this American Republic to useless, wasteful, Mr. LAIRD. How much additional time does the gentleman desire? dishonest expenditure of public money. Mr. PRICE. I should like to have about five minutes longer. Mr. LAIRD. .Allow me to ask the gentleman a question. Mr. LAIRD. I will yield to the gentleman five minutes if I have :Mr. PRICE. Certainly; although I have not much time to spare. the time and can be recognized for that purpose. Mr. LAIRD. Are you not in favor of placing all soldiers and officers The CHAIRMAN. The time ofthe·gentleman has been exhausted. upon the pension-roll? The gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. BRAGGj is entitlell to the floor. Mr. PRICE. Yes, sir, everyoneofthem; and if General Hunt were Mr. PRICE. I thank the gentlem::tn from Nebraska for his effort to not a pensioner on the Treasury now to the ::tmount of $3,375 a year give me additional time. and were in need, I would join hands with the gentleman from Ne­ Ur. BRAGG. Mr. Chairman, I very much hope that this bill will braska and say that as one of the country's defenders he is entitled to receive, as it has heretofore received, the favorable consideration of this the support and protection of his Government. Honse. If there be a man whose name is borne upon the rolls of the The gentleman· tells us this is a great country. I know it is, and I Army who is deserving of the pension that this bill proposes to confer want to keep it so. I want to say, in my judgment, he does no honor upon :Major-General Hunt, this officer is the man. There are already to the memory of the men who are dead or to the character of those now upon the retired-list, promoted to the position of major-general from living when be undertakes to revolutionize the principle for which they the rank of colonel, two officers, Ricketts and Carroll, each of whom fought so gallantly, when he seeks to establish another principle ad­ was promoted and placed upon the retired-list with the rank of major­ verse, contradictory, and antagonistic to th::tt for whch they sacrificed general, holding himself, at the time of his promotion, simply the so much to est.ablish and preserve. [Applause.] rank of colonel. :Major-General Hunt has served his entire life in the By this pension-list we get some idea of the English nobility. The Army. He was one of the most distinguished officers of the Army. working clMSes are in :1 condition most deplorable, many of them liv­ He held and exercised the command of major-general without the pay ing underground, ill paid, worse fed ::tnd clothed, and their moral and for years. He is a man whose wants, though I dislike to allude to that, intellecturu natures even more neglected than their physical; and as themselves appeal to the consideration of this House in placing him in a legitimate sequence of all this we read of fifty thousand citizens of a position where he can properly susroin those·who rely upon him for London, crazed by hunger and maddened by oppression, breaking over support. . all legal restraints, setting the police power at defiance, and sacking the Why, sir, it bas been said that there is no difference between :1 major­ city. And this is the feast that gentlemen on this floor invite the general and a private soldier. In some respects that is entirely true; American people to. And yet the wage-workers of England fare sumpt­ both are men. There are many private soldiers who can run logs on a. uously in comparison with their Irish colonists, whose wages are so low river a great deal better than Major-General Hunt could do. There are as to debar them from the common decencies of life, while their sub­ a great many men who can eat more than he can eat, and many who can stance is squandered on the privileged few. Gentlemen may justify lift more at a dead lift than he can lift;, if these are to be the stand::trds themselves in thus lavishing the public revenues on pets and favorites by which you measure men. · because monarchical countrieS pursue this policy-a policy repugnant to But, sir, we see all over this country and all over the civilized world all our traditions, at variance with our institutions, and which does vio­ that monuments, tablets, memorials are erected in memory of men, an<1: lence to our repnb1ican system of government. But as like causes pro- why? Because they stamped the impress of their individuality upon 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2825 the current events of their day. They are men who by their exertions, is before the House of pensioning any general officer, or when there is characters, and lives have brought honor not only to themselves but any question pertaining to pensions, the gentleman gives us the same honor and reputation to the history of the country. old speech about the private soldier of the Army. It has the same They are men of whose reputation the country at large is proud, be­ ring; it has not the Sl!me body of words, but it has the same substratum ca.use they made the history of their country glorious in their day by and is the same argument. . their acts. I say to him that the private soldiers of the country or of the army 'rYe ask that we shall not wait for posthumous events to do justice to of the war of the rebellion are not knocking at our doors for pensions. the memory of Major-General Hunt, but that it be done now in his de­ The maimed, the wounded, and the di.s..1.bled are appealing to Congress clining years, old and moving about as he does among our citizens, for recognition, but the strong and the healthy soldiers of the war are dressed in the plainest garb of the ordinary citizen, proud, as my col­ mak"ing no appeals to this House. league from Nebraska [Mr. LAIRD] stated. Ah, he is proud; and why? What gave the gentleman the right to champion the cause of the Not that he belongs to the royal family, but proud that he had the op­ soldiers of the war? Is it the record that heis continually making in portunity and the ability to stamp the name of Henry J. Hunt upon this House, that he is in favor of communism in the matter of strik­ the records and history of his country, where it will live as long as ing down all the leadership of the war? Will the private soldier of American history lives. the Union Army turn to the Illl\n who voted against Grant, against the That is what he is proud of. He is proud of his manhood, proud of widow of Thomas, against the widow of Hancock? Speaking as a sol­ his citizenship, proud that he is an American citizen, and the American dier, I say that they will accept and select upon this floor another lead­ people will be proud to see honor done him at all times and under all ership and another championship. circumstances. . Let me say to the gentleman that in his two speeches to which I Men are not all alike. It is a peculiar chara.eteristic of mankind that have referred, the speech on Thomas and that on Hancock, there are' it needs a leader. Why else do we have leaders? Why do we have offi­ but two or three underlying ideas. First, he claims that legislation cers in the Army if all the rank and file possess the same qualities as the of this character violates the principles of equal rights, and he antag­ officers? Gather together five thousand men to-day for any purpose, and onizes what he denominates ''class legislation." Let me briefly refer what do they do? They elect a chairman, do they not? And when to what he said in the Thomas case. He says of Thomas- they desire t,o have things formulated and considered they appoint a com­ He fought and suffered and struggled that this might continue to be a free Gov­ mittee. They select for that committee men whom they consider capa­ ernment by a free people; to preserve the right of every man, woman, and child to be the equal of every other before the law; that the benign and beneficent ble men, who have studied the subject, men whose ideas when placed influence of its protecting arms might be thrown equally around all classes and on paper will carrywiththemforce and give to the meeting credit abroad all conditions of people; that the unworthy should suffer equal punishment, be among the people. be pauper or millionaire, and that equal meed of praise or reward should be ex­ tended to all who discharged equally well their social and political duties in Take your five thousand men and send them across the Potomac to whatever niche in life they might be pls.eed. fight the battles of the country, and what will they do? Without He defended for us the principle that- officers, they will meet and select officers. Whom will they select? Honor and shame from no condition rise ; They will select a man whom they recognize to be as brave as the Act well your part, there &1..1 the honor lies. bravest. They will select a man who has skill, who has cool nerve, a And we are violating this principle when we select this or any similar case and make it a matter of special legislation, to the exclusion of thousands of man who is rich and fertile in expe,dients, a man cautious withal, so as cases equally meritorious-admitting for this case all the merit that ca.n possi­ not to be guilty of any rash act of indiscretion. And last of all they bly be claimed for it-that appeal t<> us daily all over our land, not for alms, but will select a man, if they can find him, who by his own force, courage, for simple justice. and energy, and by the peculiar magnetism which he may possess, will What does he say in relation to Hancock? Speaking of the question, distribute that same force and character throughout the five thousand the pension then under consideration, he uses this language: men he is to command, and when they find such a leader as that then Such a policy as this contemplates is detrimental to the whole princi~le of they are ready to press forward to victory. manhood and equal rights. Us tendency is vicious and corrupting; for it lS lia­ Is that man to be rated the same as those men that he leads? Scott ble to create a spirit of reckless, wasteful expenditures. We should rather teach these men to lh·e on a basis of economy ; not to live to the utmost of their ha.d it right when he said of such a man, that "one blast upon his bugle­ means, up to their last dollar, indulging in an array of fuss and feathers, cham­ horn was worth a. thousand men." Without such a man those people pagne and luxury, and then die and leave their families nothing but their de­ who seek to call themselves an army are a disorganized mob. Their pendence upon the Government. I repeat, let them exercise the same economy that I do and my constituents exercise, and then they would be self-supporting effectiveness depends upon the man who commands, and when you speak and not leave dependent families. of the man in his military capacity and service, you speak of the man The compensation of a major-general or any other man occupying a high rank who made the five thousand or the ten thousand menan army, or part in the military service is extremely libera.l. It is not so meager that he can not be self-sustaining. I do not know whose measure this is particularly, but I am of an army. Other men are put in their places. But, sir, to make a going to assist in this one effort to break down a system that tends to weaken homely illustration,· such a man as I have described is the hub into 1\ man's self-reliance, a system that even the eloquent and distinguished gentle­ which the spokes are inserted and upon which the felly is pla.eed. man from Pennsylvania can find no excuse for except upon the score of prece­ dents heretofore adopted. He proposes now to increase the number of prece: That makes the wheel. When the hub fails, the spokes and felly are dents, and no man can find an argument for it. It shocks every principle of all gone to the devil, useless and worthless. manhood. It violates ev-ery known cardinal idea of equal rights and equal jus­ It isin that view that I present the case of Henry J. Hunt, the man tice. It is a principle that tends to create a privileged class, a.nd rosters and in­ duces an expenditure on the part of public men not in harmony with their sur­ that organized the splendid artillery of the Army of the Potomac, the roundings or with the principles of simplicity and economy commended by ma.n whoadbered to hisown line in his profession, because hismilitary e\·ery good man, including Grover Cleveland. chief recognized that there was none in it his equal. Major-General Hunt is deaf to-day-from what? From the roar of These are the basic, the ca.rdinal principles of the gentleman's speeches his artillery at Malvern Hill when he sent howling back the confederate on both occasions. They took but a few moments to utter; it was, I force that sought to drive the Army of the Potomac into the James. He think, a :five-minute or a ten-minute debate, and I claim that I am sub­ may be deaf, but the people of the United States are not deaf to the ap­ st..'tntially correct when I make the statement that the speech in both peal that is made on his behalf that he shall be recognized. From there cases was the same-not word for word, I concede to the g~ntleman, but he went on, and at Gettysburg again, with that splended array of artil­ the same underlying ideas were enunciated in both in the expression of lery, he broke the confederate line. Ay, in the last final charge-the his antagonism to those two bills similar in character. like of which no country ever saw-led by Pickett, of Virginia, with his One word more. The geiJ.tleman claims to come before this House pet division, they melted away' before the artillery placed in position by time and again, and at every opportunity, to ask for the pensioning of Henry J. Hunt. How manyplivate soldiers CQ_uld have taken the range the great body of the private soldiers of the war, who have never asked and caliber of those guns and pointed the place to which they should for pensions. The other evening, in the debate to which I have re­ be assigned tha.t they might do the execution which saved the day for ferred, he quoted certain language uttered by Grover Cleveland enun­ the American Union? It is for that man, Henry J. Hunt of Malvern ciating a doctrine that I appreciate and indorse in every particular. I Hill, Henry J. Hunt of Gettysburg, that I ask on behalf of the Army of read it: all "Men in official positions should not forget that they are still of the people the Potomac and of the soldiers of all the armies of the Potomac that a.nd may do much by their plain habits of living to inaugurate and encourage a. this body recognize him as they have before recognized him, by giving system of economy among the people that tends much to natioual prosperity." to him what he ought to have had years since, the rank and pay of And further: "The right of the Government to assess the earnings of the people major-general of the armies ofthe United States upon the retired-list. is bounded by the necessities of the Government economica.lly administered." :Mr. BINGHAM. I regretexceedinglythatthegentleman fl'Om Wis­ Let the gentleman carry out the legislation that he is continually consin [Mr. PRICE] whospoke a short time ago has seen proper toani­ urging here for placing on the pension-roll all the soldiers of the war, mad vert on a statement I made in debate a week or two ago in connec­ and then let him see whether he can apply his quotation from Grover tion with the pension case of Mrs. General Hancock. The gentleman Clevel.a.nd to that legislation, which he suggests. charges that I misstated the record. I stated briefly, as the gentleman There was one part of the gentleman's speech, I will concede, in has stated also, that I remembered distinctly having heard and having which he did not convey the same idea that he uttered in the Thomas seen in the RECORD the same argument and the same speech made by speech. In that speech he paid a great and eloquent and most glorious the gentleman one year ago at an evening session in connection with tribute to General Thomas. His words are worth repeating here or the pensio~ of the widow of Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas. I assert that elsewhere in any assembly for the consid(!ration of public questions. that declaration is substantially correct. I might say to the gentlemen But· for some reason he failed to render a tribute to the great soldierof who listened to the gentleman this morning, that when the question the North, General Hancock, like that which he had previously paid to 2826 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, the great soldier of the West, General Thomas. Let us see how he Every officer who gained distinction in the late war owed more to his referred to General Hancock: army than his army owed to him. I am not n. military man, Mr. Chairman, but from the best information I have What millions died that Oresar .might be great! been able to gather on inquiry from those who are acquainted with the facts, I learn that there has been paid to General Hancock, brilliant, brave, generous, This is the teaching of all history. Millions die, and a few arc Dlllde magnificent in all his proportions- great. Soldiers who :fight in the ranks and are soon forgotten win fame for a Was the slang of the campaign of a few years ago still ringing in the few. How mueh of General Hunt's fame was made for him by his cap­ gentleman's ears when he used the expression, "magnificent in all his tains and the men who manned the guns will never be told. In the proportions? ''- artillery arm of the service especially almost everything depends in ac­ as we all recognize him to be as a military man, the sum of $165,000 during the tion on the captains who command batteries and the men who man last twenty-two years, besides perquisites and other compensation which would make a. sum n.t least equal to one-half the amount which I have named. them. No man would take from General Hunt his fame; but the tend­ ency of history in this age, as in all past ages, to gather all the laurels Is that the tribute that the gentleman should have yielded to this won on battlefields and make crowns of them for a few men I do not bra>e soldier when he is on record as having paid the eloquent tribute believe in. If the credit that was due to the men who participated in I have read to that great soldier of the West? But that did not seem the late war could be meted out in just proportions to what e.'\ch con­ to &'lt.isfy thegentlemanon that occasion. Heseemed tothinkheshould tributed, history would tell a different tale from that it now tells; a go a step further and give advice to Army officers to live economically much less share would be found due to those who haYe been made great., and not come to Congress for consideration. Speaking of this bill he and much more to those who have had little credit, and who will be said: lost entirely to history. · We should rnther ten.ch these men- Mr. Chairman, I do not believe we are called upon in any view of this What men? The only men who had been referred to were Thomas case, whether in justice to General Hunt or in any other view of the and Hancock- · case, to make an exception and grant a promotion to an officer on the We should rather teach these men to live on the basis of economy, not to retired-list. We are increasing from day to day and year to year the live t:> the utmost of their means, up to the last dollar, indulging in an array extent and cost of the retired-list of the Army and Navy. Three thou­ of fuss and feathers, champagne and luxury, and then die and leave their fami­ sand dollars is not a small sum in these times, when $3,000 is of more lies nothing. value relatively to cost of living than $5,000 was twenty years ago. If the gentleman st,ates that this part of his speech is not similar Let me call attention in this connection to a few statistics-very brief, to the tribute he paid to Thomas, then I concede he is conect. But I but very significant. make the unqualified declaration that in this House the gentleman According to the census of 1880 the agricultural laborers of the United sings but one song; and it is a song not acceptable to that great audi­ States were 7,670,000. What weretheira-verageearnings? Two hun­ ence the private soldiers of the country, that he seems to be singing dred and eighty-nine dollars for each laborer. Three million eight for. This House, however, has rendered to myself as well as to all the hundred thousand were. engaged in manufacturing and mining. Their soldiers on this :floor who defended that pension to Mrs. Hancock all average earnings was $350 a year each. From these meager earnings that we have asked for. The gentleman is welcome to his record. I families must be supported and educated. The total earnings of the bid him all hail in his future efforts to prove its consistency. I have 11,400,000 people engaged in these pursuits i11 the census year was $3,- no doubt he can. He has proved it in his antagonism to Grant, in his 600,000,000, or about $315 each. Add to these the 1,800,000 engaged antagonism to Thomas, in his antagonism to Hancock. He can con­ in trade and transportation, with average earnings of $500 each, and tinue that course; but this House has seen proper to render the tribute 4,000,000 engaged in professional and personal services, with earnings that every loya~ patriotic people have rendered to the brave and cour­ on the average of 400 each, and we have 17,270,000 employed in agri­ ageous leadership that has led them to victory and the consummation culture, in manufacturing and mining, in trade and transportation, in of great constitutional results. The gentleman is welcome to his rec­ professional and personal service, and the average earnings of all classes ord; but this House has made the record of giving to that matchless was only about $352 each for the year. soldier of the West Thomas the same tribute of recollection and re­ But:we think nothing of paying $2,000, 3, 000, or $5,000. It is only a ward that jt has given to the man who led the masterful armies of the matter of appropriating so much out of the Treasury. Now, there is North at Gettysburg and throughout the four years of the war. [Ap­ no fund out of which to pay these bounties or the expenses of the Gov­ plause.] ernment except to go first to the people and collect it into the Treas­ [Here the hamme1· fell.] uary by taxation. :hir. WARNER, of Ohio. 1t1r. Chairman, I object to this bill in the These 17,270,000 engaged in the various occupations indicated create fhst pla~e because by its very terms it admits that we can not do di­ the wealth from which must come all taxes. All taxes and all ex­ rectly what the bill seeks to do indirectly. penditures must come from the annual produce of the country. There In the second place, Mr. Chairman, General Hunt, from the day on is no other fund. And, Mr. Chairman, I think the time has come which he entered the Military Academy at.West Point to this day, has when this House in Yoting away money by thousands and by millions received the compensation andemolumentswhich thelaws ofhiscoun­ of dollars should consider how that money must be raised; how it gets try have accorded to him. He has received the promotion and the rank into the Treasury; who pays it, and what their earnings are, or how to which in the a.rm of the service in which he was engaged he was en­ small a sum they who create the wealth can retain for themselves. titled. He advanced to the highest place in that arm of the service. It The aggregate earnings of the 17,270,000 engaged in all occupations in is too late to go back now over the four years of the war to readjust pro­ the census year was but about $6,100,000,000, or, as before given, about motions or to correcttheinequalitiesand injustices (and there were many) $352 each. The more that is taken in the form of taxes to carry on of that war. You can not do it. Itisutterlyimpossible. You might Govemment the less there is left for the people to have to themselves. as well attempt to restore the island of Ischia after the earthquake had Why, sir, our Government costs us more than 10 per cent. of the gross scattered it in the sea. earnings of the people to carry it on, while but 10! per cent. is required Whether General Hunt should have had a highe1· rank or not I shall to carry on the British Government with its vast army and navy and not now discuss. He had the rank which the laws of his country gave its large public debt. We are fast reaching as high a percentage as any him during the war. It is stated here that he might have entered an­ other country in the world, while we have almost no army, but a small other arm of the service and been promoted. But what would have navy, and a constantly decreasing public debt. The time will come been his fate if he had no man can tell. No man can tell whether he when the people, :finding this burden of taxation increasing from day would have risen in another arm of the service, or, like many another, to day and year to year upon them-the time will come, I say, when ha>e gone down on the battlefield and received no promotion at all. they will demand that expenditures of this kind shall be restricted, Many an officer was killed early in the war who probably if he bad shall be limited to a reasonable allowance, and that expenditures _gen­ lived might have risen to the very highest rank. These are things we erally shall be restricted to the actual needs of Government. LAp­ can not tell, and ought not to undertake now to readjust or change. plause.] General Hunt is now receiving the pay of a colonel of artillery on the [Here the hammer fell. J retired-list. The laws of his country give him that. To this he is en­ :Mr. WHEELER addressed the committee. [See Appendix.] titled and to this only. To make an exception in his case, to go back Mr. CUTCHEON. Mr. Chairman, I did not think to participate in and increase his rank, to promote him now twenty-one years after the this debate at all. When this bill was before the House and the com­ close of the war-that I do not believe we are called upon to do. I mittee in the last Congress I cast my vote in favor of it. There are must assume that he received at the hands of those who were then some points which discriminate this bill from any other bill that has charged with the responsibility the considerations due him. been reported or will be reported from the Committee on Military Af­ A word, Mr. Chairman, with respect to some rem:n-ks of my friend fairs. from Wisconsin [Mr. BRAGG]. I do not think that too much can be said on this floor or elsewhere in I grant the necessity of officers in an army~ I recognize theYalueof honor of General Hunt as a soldier or as a military oTganizer, nor can too greatleaders, andirecoguizetheability, the bravery, thegallantryofCol­ much be said in praise of his services to his country. onel Hunt as an artillery officer. But the officers did not make the army; The only question that gives me any pause whatsoever is in regard rather the army made the officers. l\fuch is due, undoubtedly, to capa­ to the advisability of either establishing, or continuing if already es­ ble, efficient, and brave officers. But it was the army that gave renown tablished, the principle of granting further promotions after retirement to its officers, and to some it ga'\e renown whom it could not make great. from active service in the Army. 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2827

Mr. BROWNE, of Indiana. Is GeneralHunton the retired-list now? ~Ir. PETTffiONE. Will the gentleman yield to me for a question? Mr. CUTCHEON. He is. He is at present the governor of the Mr. CUTCHEON. Yes, sir. Soldiers' Home in the District of Columbia. Mr. PETTffiONE. I ask the gentleman from :Michigan whether, General Hunt became a colonel of volunteers in the war-I think in on the ground of what he has said, we should not make an exceptional 1861. He was made a brigadier-general of volunteers in 1862, and was case of this and give this officer his right rank? brevetted a major-general for gallant and meritorious services, also I Mr. CUTCHEON. That is the very thing I was going to say. I in­ I think in 1862, although I have not referred to the dates. There is tend to vote for this bill. I do not ask that my judgment shall control no question but that he had a command which in men, material, and that of any other man. But I shall vote for the bill on the ground in­ animals was equal to the command of any major-general in the Army, dicated by my friend from Tennessee [:M:r. PETTIBONE] that weshould equal beyond all doubb to an army corps. make an exception of this case because the case is itself exceptional. From the time he took command as chief of the reserve artillery The lengbh and distinction of General Hunt's services, his genius, his under General McClellan, with a very brief intermission at the time claims which were overslaughed over and over again by younger men he came from the Peninsula. to Acquia Creek to forward the batteries until at last age forced him, at sixty-four, on the retired-list, should now to Pope, and then resumed his command on the 5th of September, 1862, availinhisbehalf. Andithinkwecannowafford-thisgreatAmerican when McClellan was restored to command, he was in full command of people can be magnanimous enough to afford-to make an exception in the arbillery arm of the service in the Army of the Potomac. General this case. Hunt held that command at the ba.ttle of South Mountain and at the [Here the hammer fell.] great battle of Antietam, which was to a great extent an artillery bat­ The CHAIRMAN. The question is, Shall the bill be laid aside to tle, and turned_back the tide of Lee's first invasion of the North. It be reported to the House with the recommendation that it do pass? was General Henry J. Hunt that opened upon the confederate line and Mr. WARNER, of Ohio, called for a division. · defenses with his three hundred and forty guns at Fredrick8burg. It The committee divided; and there were-ayes 31, noes 40. was Hunt who commanded the artillery at Chancellorsville. It was Mr. SPRINGER. I make the point that a. quorum has not voted. General Hunt, as has been said again and again during the course of this The CHAIRMAN. A quorum not having voted, the Chair will order debate, who placed our batteries when Pickett's famous charge was tellers, and appoints the gentleman from Wisconsin, Mr. PRICE, and made on Cemetery Ridge at Gettysburg, who shattered their advance the gentleman from Alabama, Mr. WHEELER. and sent them to the rear in rout and disaster. It was not an ordinary The committee again divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 44, man's foresight that placed the batteries on that occasion, but the con­ noes 76. summate skill and genius of a master mind; and it is in recognition of Mr. BRA.GG. No quorum. · this fact, both in the Army of this country as well as throughout the The CHAIRMAN. The tellers will resume their places. armies of the civilized world, that Henry J. Hunt stands the foremost The tellers resumed the count. artillerist that lives or has lived upon the American continent. Before the report was made, The order of G13neral Hunt organizing the artillery of the Army of Mr. BRAGG said: I do not desire to interrupt the consideration of the Potomac is to-day the formula by which the artillery arm in all of other bills in which members of this House are interested, and there­ the military nations of Europe is organized. fore I withdraw the call for a quorum. Butishallinsist on a yea-and- I have been told very recently by General Benet, Chief of Ordnance nay vote in the House. · of our service, that General Hunt is to-day recognized as the best author­ The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will statetothegentlemanfrom Wis­ ity as to the artillery arm of the service in all of the great armies of the consin that the motion submitted to the committee was that the bill be world. laid aside to be reported to the House with the recommendation that it So much for his genius, so much for his skill. But I have not yet do pass. If the majority is in the negative the bill will not go to the recounted his services. After the battle of Gettysburg be continued House, but simply remains on the Calendar. in the command of the artillery of the Army of the Potomac until the Mr. BRAGG. If it remains on the Calendar that is all right. close of the war and the surrender of the confederate armies. It was The tellers reported-ayes 49, noes 86. Hunt's artillery that thundered at the Wilderness. It was Hunt's ar­ Mr. McMILLIN. Do I understand correctly the Chair to intimate tillery that, converging on the bloody angle at Spottsylvania Court that this bill remains on the Calendar? House, made possible Hancock's impetuous charge and victory, sweep­ . The CHAIRMAN. It does. ing away forty-five hundred of Johnson's division. Mr. McMILLIN. For action hereafter? It was Hunt that commanded the artillery at North Anna, at Toto­ The CHAIRMAN. That is a matter to be determined by the com­ potomy, and at Cold Harbor. It was Hunt that encircled the confed­ mittee in the future. erate works at Petersburgwith his batteries, and hammered away until Mr. Mcl'tfiLLIN. It certainly would have some status. Petersburg fell, and with Petersburg Richmond, and with Richmond The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has undertaken to state the effect of the confederacy. this vote. It is simply a. negative vote upon the motion submitted. There can be no question about the merits of General Hunt. They The ayes are 49, the noes are 86. The noes have it, and the motion is haTe pa&sed into history, and he is recognized as the foremost n.rtil­ lost. The Clerk will report the next bill. lerist that this continent has produced. Then why did he not get Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Chairman, I think this bill is before the com­ rank in proportion to his merit? Why did he not get the rank of mittee for consideration until disposed of. This motion having failed, major-general in the Army of the United States? Why has he not there should be some motion to get it out of the committee. I suggest been further promoted? Simply because under the organization of our that it be reported adversely to the House. artillery arm during the war at first each battery was considered a Mr. BRAGG. Mr. Chairman, there is a great deal of parliamentary regiment, and was organized upon that basis, but with field officers. la.wthat I do not understand, and! should like to be :informed a little But before the time came for organization of the Army into corps and about it. I should like to know, for instance, whether it is possible divisions that rule was reversed, and each battery was held to be a under the rules to dispose of a measure in committee so that it never company and not entitled to field officers. And under both rulings all can get to the House. I understand the learned parliamentarian on my promotion was cut off. Unlike the infantry arm and the cavalry arm, left [Mr. WARNER, of Ohio] to maintain that view. I suppose that all there was no room for major-generals in the artillery service. bills have to be disposed of in the House, and this bill will go there re­ So bhe war ended, and left General Hunt a brigadier-general of vol­ ported, either favorably or adversely, from the Committee of the Whole, unteers. In 1866 he mustered out as such. He fell back then on his so that an opportunity will be given for the House to vote upon the bill. rank in the regular Army. He was not at that time a full colonel, but I am a novice in matters of this kind, and I, of course, understand that in 1869 he became colonel of the Fifth Artillery. my friend from Tennessee [Mr. McMILLIN] and my friend from Ohio By and by the time came when General Huntshould have been pro­ [.Mr. WARNER] are thoroughly versed in all these questions of parlia­ moted by right of seniority of sevice and of distinction, but for reasons mentary law. which I do not understand and which therefore I can not undertake to Mr. McMILLIN. I will now show the gentleman how well versed explain, when the time came that there was a vacancy and when Hunt I am, by moving that this bill be now reported to the House with the ought, in my opinion, to have been promoted, another and a younger recommendation that it lie upon the table. man was appointed, perhaps because Hunt had become deaf in his Mr. BRAGG. And upon that motion I insist that a quorum shall country's service. Mackenzie was promoted to a brigadier-generalship vote. in the regular Army. McKenzie became insane, was sent to a lunatic Mr. 1'tic:MILLIN. Now we are both being informed upon parlia- asylum, and wasretired,·Huntstillremainingcolonel. When Mackenzie mentary la.w. · was retired there was another opportunity to give Hunt his rank, but, Mr. BRAGG. I am very much obliged to the ~entlemen for his vol­ instead of that, when Mackenzie was retired Stanley was put into the unteered lesson, but I knew that much before. [Laughter.] vacant brigadier-generalship; and so he has gone, by the operation of Mr. McMILLIN. As the gentleman ordinarily puts in practice all law, by reason of age, on the retired-list only as a colonel, with this dis­ the parliamentary law he knows and did not put this in practice I pre­ tinguished record, an exceptional record in all respects, exceptional in sumed he did not know it. [Laughter.] service, exceptional in genius, and exceptional in the fa.ct that he never The House divided; and there were-ayes 77, noes 25. received the promotion he was entitled to. And now there is no other l'l1r. BRAGG. There is no quorum voting. '"!ay o~ doing justice to this man except by advancing him on there- The CHAIRMAN. The point is made that no quorum has voted. tired-list. . The Chair will appoint tellers. 2828 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE,. ~CH 26,

Mr. CUTCHEON. Mr. Chairman, I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. The question was taken; and it was decided in the affirmati\"e-yeas The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it. 108, nays 74, not voting 141; as follows: Mr. CUTCHEON. Would it be in order at this time to move to YEAS-108. amend this bill? .Adams, J. J. Cutcheon, Houk, Reid, J.W. The CHAIRMAN. Not while the House is dividing. .Anderson, C.l\I. Daniel, Hudd, Rice, Mr. CUTCHEON. If it were, I would move to amend so as tore­ Baker, Davidson, A. C. Hutton, Rogers, Ballentine, Davidson, R. H.l\I. Johnson, F. A. Sadler, duce the rank to that of brigadier-general. With that amendment I Barbour, Dibble, Joncs,J.H. Sayers, think the bill would pass. , Barksdale, Dingley, Joncs,J. T. Scranton, The CHAIRMAN. The Chair appoints to act as tellers the gentle­ Bennett, Eldredge, Kleiner. Seney, Bland, Ellsberry, Laird. · Sessions, man from Tennessee [Mr. McMILLIN] and the gentleman from Wis­ Bound, Everhart, Landes, Seymour, consin [Mr. BRAGG]. The question is, Shall this bill be reported to Bragg, Farquhar, Lanham, Stewart, Charles the House with the recommendation that it lie on the table? Breckinridge, C. R. Fisber, J .. e Fe,·re, Storm, Breckinridge,"\VCP.Ford, Libbey, Swinburne, The House divided; and the tellers reported 67 votes in the affirma­ B1·own, W. \V. Forney, Lovering, Swope, tive and. 5 in the negative. Cabell, Funston, Lowry, Taylor, J. U. Mr. BRAGG. No quorum has voted. Campbell, Felix Gay, Matson, Throckmorton, Campbell, J. M. Geddes, 1\Iaybury, Tillman, The CHAIRUAN. The point being insisted upon that no quornm Campbell,'£. J. Gibson, C. H. 1\lcCreary, Tucker, has yet voted, the Chair will direct the Clerk to call the roll. Candler, Green, ,V.J. 1\Ierriman, '.rurner, Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Chairman-- Carleton, Hal ell, 1\Iiller. Van Eaton, Clardy, Hammond, :Morrison, "\Vait, The CHAIRMAN. The Chair has directed the Clerk to Clll the roll. Clements, Harris, Neal, · Wakefield, ·Mr. SPRINGER. I ask unanimous consent that the pending motion Cole, Hemphill, Neece, Ward,T.B. be withdrawn, that the friends of the bill be allowed to move to amend Cox, Hewitt, O'Hara, West, C1·ain, Hiestand, O'Xeill,J.J. Wheeler, it so as to reduce the rank provided for in the bill to that of bri?adier­ Crisp, Hill, Peel, Wilson, general, and that we take a test vote on that. [Cries of ' No!" Croxton, Hires, Pettibone, Wise, ''No!''] Otherwise, if we proceed in this w~y we lose the whole day, Curtin, Holman, Pindar, Wolford. which might be devoted to the consideration of private bills. fRe­ NAY9-U. newed cries of" No!" "No!"] Adams. G. E. Gallinger, 1\rcl\Iillin. Springer, The CHAIRMAN. Objection is made. The Clerk will call the roll. Allen, C. H. Glass, .1\IcRae, · Steele, The roll was called, and the following members failed to answer to Allen,J.M. Green,R.S. Nell:!on, Stephenson, Beach, Grout O'Donnell, Stone. W.J.,Ky. their names: Bingham, Guenther, Osborne, Stone, \V. J .. l\Io. Aiken, Eden, Mahoney, Riggs, Bliss, ]farmer, Parke-:, Strait, .Anderson, J. A. Ermenlrout, 1\fcAdoo, Rockwell, Buchanan, Hatch, Perkius, · Symes, Arnot, Fleeger, McKinley, Ryan, Bunnell, Haynes, Peters, Taulbee, Atkinson, Foran, Millard, Sawyer, Bynum, Henderson, J. S. Pirce, Taylor, Zach. Barnes, Gibson, C. H. 1\filliken, Scott, Cal:! well, Bitt, Price, Thomas, 0. B. Barry, Gibson, Eustace Mills, Sessions, C'.onger, Howard, Reagan, Tri!lg, Belmont, Gilfillan, Mitchell, Singleton, Cooper, Jackson, need, '.r. B. 'Vadswortl1, Bound, Guenther, 1\Io:ffatt, Skinner, Cowles, Johnst<>n,J. T. Richardson, Warner, A. :r. Boutelle, Hale, Morgan, Snyder, Dorsey, Johnston, T. D. H.omeis, Weaver,J.B. Boyle, HaJJ, Morrill, Spriggs, Ely, La Follette, Rowell, Weber, Brady, Hanback, Morrow, Stahlnecker, Evans, Lindsley, Shaw, White,l\lilo Brown, C. E. Hayden, 1\Iuller, Stephenson. Fellon, Lymm1, Smalls, "\Vinans. Brumm, Heard, 1\Iurphy, Stewart, J. W. Fleeger, Martin, Sowden, Buck, Henderson, D. B. Negley, St. Martin, Fuller, McCon1ns, Spooner, Butterworth, Hepburn, Norwood, Struble, NOT VOTING-14.1. Caldwell, Herbert, Oates, Symel:', Campbell, :r. E. Herman, O'FerralJ, ' 'rarsney, Aiken, Dowdney, Long, · Robertson, Campbell, T. J. Hill, O'Neill, Charles Taylor, E. B. Anderson,J.A. Dunham, IAre. Rockwell, Cobb, Holmes, O'Neill, J. J. Taylor, I. H. Arnot, Dunn, L<>uttit, Ryan, Collins, Hopkins, Outhwaite, Thomas, J. R. Atkinson, Eden, Mahoney, Sawyer, Compton, Irion, Owen, Thompson, Barnes, Ermenb·out, Markham Scott, Comstock, James, Payne, Townshend, Barry, Findlay, l\IcAdoo, ' Singleton, Cox, Kelley, Payson, VanSchaick, Bayne., Foran, 1\:lcKenna, Skinner, Crisp, Ketcham, Perry, Viele, Belmont, Frederick, 1\IcKinley, Snyder, Culberson, Laffoon, Phelps, Ward, J. H. Blanchard, Gibson, Eustace Millard, Spriggs, Davenport, Lawler, Pidcock, Weaver, A. J. Blount, Gilfillan, Milliken, Stahlnecker, Dockery, Lehlbach, Plumb, Weber, Boutelle, Glover, Mills, Stewart, J. ,V, Dougherty, Little, Pulitzer, Wellborn, Boyle, Goff, 1\Iitchell, St. Martin, Dowdney, Long, Randall, Whiting, Brady, Grosvenor, Moffatt, Stone,E. F. Dunham, Lore, Ranney, Wilkins, Browne, T.l\1. Hale, Morgan, Struble, Dunn. Louttit, Reese, Worthington. Brown, C. E. HaJJ, 1\Iorrill, Tarsney, Brumm, Hanback, 1\Iorrow, Taylor, E. B. The SPEAKER having resumed the chair, Mr. HATCH reported that Buck, Hayden, 1\Iuller, Taylor, I. H. Burleigh, Heard, Murphy, Thomas, J. U.. the Committee of the Whole House, finding itself without a quorum, Burnes, Henderson,D.B. Negley, Thompson, had caused the roll to be called, and had directed him to report the Burrows, Henderson, T.J. Norwood, Townshend, names of the absentees to be spread upon the Journal. Butterworth, Henley, Oates, Van Schnick, Caldwell, Hepburn, O'Ferrall, Viele, The SPEAKER. From the report made by the chairman of the Com­ Campbell,J.E. Herbert, O'Neill,Charles Wade, mittee of the Whole it appears that 196 members-more than a quo­ Cannon, Herman, Outhwaite, Ward,J.H. ruin-have answered to theiJ' names. Catchings, Hiscock, Owen, Warner, William Cobb, Holmes, Payne, "\Veaver,A.J. Mr. HAMMOND. I move that the House take a recess until half Collins, Hopkins, Payson, Wellborn, past 7 o'clock this evening. Compton, Irion, Perry, White, .A. C. Mr. REED, of Maine. I submit that under the rules we should im­ Com.st<>ck, James, Phelps. Whiting. Culberson, Kelley, Pidcock, Wilkins, mediately go back into the Committee of the Whole; that the motion Dargan, Ketcham, Plumb, Willis, to adjourn or take a recess is not in order. Davenport, King, Pulitzer, Woodburn. The SPEAKER. The practice of the House has been to entertain, Davis, Laffoon, Randall, 'Vorthington. Dawson, Lawler, Ranney, in a case of this kind, a motion to adjourn or to take a recess, but no Dockery, Lehlbach, Reese, other business; because the House may determine not to sit any longer. Dougherty, Little, Riggs, Mr. REED, of Maine. But the rules say distinctly that under these So the motion for a recess was agreed to. circumstances we must go ba{lk into Committee of the Whole. The following additional pairs were announced: The SPEAKER. A motion to adjourn would undoubtedly be in order; 11fr. FREDERICK with Mr. HOLMES, for the remainder of this day. and a motiontotake a recess is of the sameprivilegedcharacter. These Mr. BURNES with Mr. RYAN, for to-day. motions have always been entertained under these circumstances. . The result of the vote was announced as above stated; and ~ccord· Mr. REED, ofMaine. But there is a special rule providing that when ingly (at 4 o'clock and 30 minutes p. m.) the House took a xecess un­ the roll is called in Committee of the Whole and a report is made to til half past 7 o'clock p. m. the House showing the presence of a quorum the House must imme- . diately, without a motion, resolve itself again into Committee of the EVENING SESSION. Whole. The recess having expired, the House reassembled at half past 7 ' The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks the motion is in order under the o'clock p.m., and was called to order by the Speaker. J>rMtice of the House. The question is on the motion for a recess till half past 7 o'clock this evening, the evening session being for the con­ ORDER OF BUSINESS. sideration of pension business, under the previous order of the House. Mr. MATSON. I move that the Honse resolve itself into the Com­ The question being taken on the motion of Mr. 1IAMMOND, there mittee of the Whole House on the Private Calendar for the purpose of were-ayes 60, noes 47. considering business under the special order for Friday e>ening sessions. Mr. JOHNSTON, of Indiana, called for the yeas and nays. The motion was agreed to. The yeas and nays were ordered, there being-ayes 25, noes 86; more The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the Whole than one-fiflh voting therefor. . Honse on the Private Calendar, Mr. HATCH in the chair. 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2829

Mr. MATSON. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that mem­ result was that he finally lost his life. He not only ga>e up his life, bers present may be allowed to call up such bills as they may think but the true, honest woman, his wife, laid down her life also with him, proper, suggesting that if possible only such bills be called up as are and left these four little waifs to float around in this world with hardly not likely to provoke discussion. I think it due to those gentlemen a. relative to protect or take care ofthem. These children arenowde­ who come here to these evening sessions that they should have some pendentupon the charity of a very distant relative, who is wholly unable preference in this matter. to support them; andalthough thispensionmay, inthejudgmentofthe The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Indiana [Mr. MATSON] committee, appear excessive, it is no more than is sufficient to raise these asks unanimous consent tha.t members present may be allowed to call children up, educate them, and give them a chance to obtain their own up such bills on the Private Calendar, subject to the order of the House, living in the world. as they may desire, until further order. Is there objection? The Under all the circumstances the committee believed that it was noth­ Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. ing more than just and right that these young children should betakan ADAM GASTON. care of and become the wards of the nation, at least to the extent it is proposed to do so in the bill submitted for your consideration now. Mr. l!I.ATSON. I call up the bill (H. R. 550) to restore to the pen­ Mr. WARNER, of l\f.issouri. Let me ask the gentleman from Penn­ sion-roll the name of Adam Gaston. It is on page 34 of the Calendar. sylvania, is it proposed to give $25 a month to each one of these chil­ The bill was read, as follows: dren? Be it enacted &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and is hereby, author­ ized and directed to restore to the pension-roll the name of Adam Gaston, late 1l'lr. SCOTT. Yes; that is the intent of the bill. of Company D, One hundred and fortieth Indiana. Volunteers, who held certifi­ Ur. WARNER, of Missouri. Until what age? cate 107881. Mr. SCOTT. The·billproposesuntil the ageoftwenty-one. !shall There being no objection, the bill was laid aside to be reported to the offer to amend it, however, by making it eighteen. House with the recommendation that it do pass. Mr. CONGER. l!Ir. Chairman, I appreciate the condition of this CHILDREN OF SURGEON ALFRED M. OWEN. case perhaps as well as any man; but I am also aware of the fact that all over this land there are the orphans of soldiers who laid down their l!'lr. SCOTT. Ur. Chairman, I desire to call up the bill (H. R. 4689) lives in battle and in hospitals and in prisons, and their children have for the relief of the children of the late Surgeon .Alfred l\1. Owen, and _been left as waifs, dependent upon the charity of their neighbors, and to increase their pensions. yet they have been given but the small sum of $2 a month. The bill was read, as follows: Now, I can not believe that it is right or fair or just to take up Be it enacted, &c., That Alfred C. Owen, Christine Q. Owen, Kathleen D. B. Owen, and AlbertT.Owen,mino.r children of the late Surgeon Alfred 1\l. Owen, these three or four children of this dead officer and make such a glar­ United States Navy, be, and they are hereby, granted and allowed a pension of ing exception, giving the comparatively enormous sum of $25 a month. $25 each per month to date from the 22d day of August, 1883, on which day the I can not believe, Mr. Chairman, that this ought to be done. I should said Surgeon Alfred M. Owen died, and t:o continue until each child shaH re­ spectively attain the age of twenty-one years; and the Secretary of the Interior be in favor of giving them a reasonable pension, something large in com­ be and he is hereby authorized and directed to place the names of the said parison with what we have been giving to the orphans of our soldiers, Aifred1 C. Owen, ChriStine1 Q. Owen, Kathleen D. B. Owen, and Albert T. Owen indeed largely in excess of that, but I am unwilling to give them $25 on the pension-roB at said rates, in lieu of the pensions now paid them. In pay­ ing the pensions from the day of Surgeon Alfred 1\1. Owen's death to the date each per month. • of the passage or this act, the Secretary of the Interior is directed to deduct Mr. WARNER, of Missouri. .Mr. Chairman, I will offer an amend­ from the amounts herein allowed the sums already received by the said Alft·ed ment, that the children.named in this bill be pensioned subject to the C. Owen, Christine Q. Owen, Kathleen D. B. Owen, and Albert T. Oweu,ortheir lawful guardian. provisions and.limitations of the pension laws, and that all that portion of the bill fixing the rate of pension at $25 per month be stricken out. lir. SCOTT. I ask for the reading of the report. Ur. MATSON. Let me suggest to the gentleman from Missouri the The report (by Mr. ScoTT) was read, as follows: bill itself expressly shows that they are already on the roll and receiv­ The Committee on Pensions, to whom was refeiTed House bi114689, beg leave to submit the following report : ing the pension the law allows. The pension of a surgeon of the Navy The naval career of the deceased officer, which began in 1\Iay, 1869, was one is given. to them, and in addition they receive $2 each per month, mak­ of exceptional credit, and was made conspicuous by an unusually wide range ing, I believe, about $33 per month that they receive now. of duties by sea and land. From his entry into the service unW his death he was constantly employed, exercising 'p1·ofessional attainments of a. ·very high Mr. WARNER, of Missouri. Each one? order, and that he dignified every' duty assigned him by the zeal, courage, fidel­ Mr. MATSON. No; all together. That is to say, they have what ity, and inteUigence displayed in its execution, is the testimony of aU who the law allows them; just what your proposition would give them. knew him. He was always conscientious, earnest, skillful, kind, and courteous, com­ Mr. W .A.RNER, of M. L~uri. That being the case, I withdraw the manding thereby the affection and confidence of the sick, and the respect anu amendment. admiration of his superiors. l\'lr. ELDREDGE. I move to amend this bill by striking out $25 In February, 1882, he reported for duty at the navy-yard, Pensacola, and a few months later was combating the much-dreaded yeJlow fever. By his judicious' and make it $15 per month. sanitary provisions and personal force and courage be established a cordon of Mr. LYMAN. I do not understand what the gentleman from Indi­ environment which preserved the naval station from the plague which devasted ana. said in reference to what these children are now getting. tbe neighboring city. At the height of the epidemic, when the physicians of Pensacola had been cutoff by the fell disease, he braYely volunteered to go into 1\Ir. MATSON. I will explain again. Their father was a surgeon the city to attend the afilicted. in the Navy. As I understand it, the pension of a widow of a surgeon In the following summer (1883) he was without medical assistance, performing in the Navy is $25 a month. The mother is dead, so that these chil­ the quadruple duty of surgeon of the navy-yard, surgeon of the naval hospital, surgeon of the reservation, and quarantine officer of the lower bay. dren get the mother's pension, with the allowance also of $2 a month A return of the fever was looked for. Every officer who could be spared was each, making $8 on this account, which with the surgeon's pension of permitted to leave, and this brave officer could have been detached upon appli­ $25 a month makes $33 to be divided between the four. That is what cation, but he scorned the thought·. .August 14, 1883, the fever reappeared. Overexertion and exposure to the sun the law now gives them . had caused Surgeon Owen a partial sun-stroke in July, and while yet suffering 1l'lr. ELDREDGE. I move to reduce the amountfixedin the bill to from this, he was, on August ·16, himself seized with the fever. For two days $15 per month each. there was no one on Jand to treat the hero, and on the 22d be died. His faithful wife was untiring in her efforts at his bedside, and within a day or so after his The CHAIRMAN. The question will be taken first on the amend­ death she was stricken with the same disease; at midnight of the 29th she was ment of the gentleman from Pennsylvania reducing the age at which buried by his side. · this pension shall cease from twenty-one years to eighteen years. They left behind them four children, between the ages of three months and eight years, each of whom and their nurse also bad the fever. Mr. SCOTT. And a-lso reducing the amount from $25 to $15 per The committee therefore recommend that the amounts named in the bill be month. allowed to the four children of the deceased.. Mr. ELDREDGE. I think, also, that this pension ought to date from Mr. CONGER. :ltfr. Chairman, it seems to me that the amount pro­ the passage of the bill, and I move to amend so that the pension shall posed to be allowed by this bill is very unusual. It is certainly very begin from the date of the passage of the bill. exorbitant in comparison with the amount ordinarily allowed. If Mr. W .ARNER, of Missouri.. I was about to make this suggestion: the gentleman in charge of the bill can show us why we should make that it is possible the gentleman in charge of this bill would have no this extraordinary exception I hope he will do so. objection to allowing this pension to stop to these children at the age Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Chairman, the committee considered this as an ex­ of sixteen years instead of eighteen, the same age that it stops to eaeh ceptional case, and one that would not form an ordinary precedent if and every other child who is drawing a pension. We certainly can not adopted by this House. Surgeon Owen was left by the proper authori­ anticipate that these children will be no more unfit, when they arrive at ties of the Navy Department in charge of the hospital and naval estab­ the age of sixteen, to take care of themselves, or will require any more lishment at Pensacola during this epidemic tow hich reference is made care at that age, than the children of any other soldier. in the report. He was not supported as he ought to have been by the :Mr. SCOTT. I am willing to accept the amendment making the proper authorities. While there were in this city fifteen or twenty sur­ termination of the pension at the age of sixteen years instead of eighteen. geons not performing duty, he was left there single-handed, not only to The ~HAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the bill as it will stand if take charge of the men in the Government employ and the officials con­ amended. nected with the various branches of the service there, but was called The Clerk read as follows: upon to go into the city itself and attend those persons who were stricken Be it enacted, &c., That Alfred C. ·Owen, Chrjstjne Q .. Owen, Kathleen D. B.: down with the-fever. He had an opportunity to leave the city, but Owen and Albert T. Owen, minor children of the late Surgeon Alfred M. Owen. United States Navy, be, and they are hereby, granted and allowed a pension of declined. Knowing, as he well did, that he was carrying his life in his $15 each per month, to continue until each child shall respectively attain the hand, yet he declined to leave when the opportunity offered, and the age of sixteen years; and the Secretary of the Interior be, nnd he is hereby, au- 2830 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26, - thorized and directed to place the names of the said Alfred C. Owen, Christine ELIZADETH LUC.E. Q. Owen, Kathleen D. B. Owen, and Albert T. Owen on the pension-roll at the said rates in lieu of the pensions now paid them. On motion of l\-1r. CONGER, by unanimous consent the bill (H. R. The CHAIRl\IAN. The question isonagreeingtotheseveral amend­ 5997) granting a pension to Elizabeth Luce was taken up and read, as ments proposed, unless a separate vote is demanded. follows: Be it enacted, ~ .• That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ The amendments were agreed to. thorized and direc.ted to place on the pension-roUt subject to the limitation and The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with provisions of the pension laws, the name of Elizaoeth Luce, widow of John W. the recommendation that it do pass. Luce, late a. private in Company E of the First Ohio Light Artillery. DAVID M 7KINKEY. On motion of Mr. CONGER, by unanimous consent the bill was laid Mr. PETERS. I ask by unanimous consent to call up a bill (H. R. aside to be reported to the House with the recommendation that it do 792) granting a pension to David McKinney. pass. There was no objection, and the bill was taken up and read, as fol­ THOMAS ALLCOCK. lows: On motionofl\-fr. BAKER, by unanimous consent the bill(H. R.1576) Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized to granting a pension to Thomas Allcock was taken up and read, as fol­ place on the pension-roll the name of David McKinney, late a private in Ca.pt. lows: Nathan Boone's company, serving under General Dodge, in the Black Hawk Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby au­ war, nnd grant him a pension, subject to the pension laws, from the date of the thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions'and passage of this act. limitations of the pension laws, the name of Thomas Allcock, late a private in The report (by Mr. ScoTT) was read as follows: Company F, Third United StatesArtillery,during the Florida war, and pay him. a pension at the rate of 550 per month, said pension to be in lieu of that he now The Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 792) for the receives. relief of David McKinney, submit the following report: The evidence in this case fully sustains the following points: On motion of Mr. BAKER, the bill was laid aside to be reported to (1) That the soldier enlisted for one year in Capt, Nathan Boone's company, the House with the recommendation that it do pass. United States Mounted Rangers, August 4, 1832, and was discharged August 3, 1833. . ALGERNON S. FLAGG. (2) That about February,l833, he was, with others, detailed to make and pre­ pare a crossing over the Arkansas River near Fort Gibson for teams and wagons On motion of ~fr. RICE, by unanimous consent the bill (H. R. 4026) to cross, a.nd while digging on the south bank of said river was struck on the granting a pension to Algernon S. Flagg was taken up and read, a.S right foot with a mattock in the hands of a fellow-soldier, who was aiding the work, the mattock cutting through the foot and injuring the same severely. follows: (3) That said injury has never ceased to trouble him and impair his ability to Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he hereby is, au­ perform manual labor. thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and (4) That on August 5,1879, the soldier filed an application for a pension in the limitations of the pension laws, the name of Algernon S. Flagg, late of Com­ Pen ion Office, but the same was rejected" on the ground that there is no record pany D, Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Volunteers. of the alleged disability, and claimiUlt can not furnish satisfactory evidence of ' origin in the service." On motion of Mr. RICE, the bill was laid aside to be reported to the In addition to the above the soldier alleges, under oath, that about .June 1, 1883, House with the recommendation that it do pass. while out from camp with others after meat, he was shot by an Indian through the left leg with an arrow; that he was taken prisoner and held captive for five PERNE'ITA HEYDLEY. weeks, and then escaped and joined his company. The claimant, as reasons for not making an application for a pension sooner, On motion of Mr. DOCKERY, by unanimous consent the bill (H. R. says, under oath, that he was too proud to ask it, and as long as he was able to 134.8) for the relief of Pernetta Hendley was taken up and read, as • do anything was content with such living as he could earn, but that now his follows: · physical infirmities are such that he feels compelled to ask the aid of the Gov­ ernment in the form of a pension. The soldier is now seventy-three years old. Be it enacted, &:c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby au­ Your committee recommend the passage of the bill. thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions'and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Pernetta Hendley, widow of Capt. Mr. PETERS moved that the bill be laid aside to be reported to the Israel Hendley, who lost his life at the battleofl\1oroe, in the war with lt1e:xico House with the recommendation that it do pass. in the year 184.7; and that the said Pernetta. Hendley shall be allowed lhe sam~ pension from and after the year 1861 as she would have been entitled to receive The motion was agreed to. but for the dropping of her name from the roll. DAVID T. ELDERKIN. SEc. 2. That this act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Mr. CONGER. I ask by unanimous consent to take up a bill (H. The amendment of the committee was read, as follows: . R. 5995) granting a pension to David T. Elderkin. Strike out these words: · "And that the said Pernetta. Hendley shall be allowed the same pension from There was no objection, and the bill was taken up and read, as follows: and alter the year 1861 as she would have been entitled to receive but for the Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and hereby is, aut.hor­ dropping of her name from the roll." ized to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of David T. Elderkin, lat-e of Company K, One hundredth The amendment was agreed to. Regiment Illinois Infantry Volunteers. M:r. DOCKERY moved to strike out, in line 4, the words "place on," Mr. CONGER moved that the bill be laid aside to be reported to the and in lieu thereof insert "restore to;" so it will read "authmized House with the recommendation that it do pass. and dir~ to restore to the pension-roll'' The motion was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. On motion of Mr. DOCKERY,·the bill as amended was laid roide to MARGARET COFFEY. be reported to the House with the recommendation that it do pass. Mr. LOVERING moved, by unanimous consent, to take from the Calendar the bill (H. R. 1108) granting a pension to Margaret Coffee. MARY E. .JOHNSON. There was no objection, and the bill (H. R.l108) was read, as follows: On motion of Mr. BUCHANAN, by unanimous consent the bill (H. Be it enacted &:c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he hereby is, au­ R. 4132) for the relief of l\Iary E. Johnson was taken up and read, as thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll the name of Margaret Coffee, follows: and pay her a pension of $20 per month. Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereb~J au­ 1\Ir. LOVERING. I move to amend by striking out the letter "e" thorized and directed to pay to Mrs. Mary E . .Johnson, of South Amboy, .N • .J., widow of .John W . .Johnson, late a. private in Company G, Tenth Regiment of andinsertingtheletter "y," soitwillread "Coffey" insteadof"Coffee" New .Jersey Volunteers, the fuU amount allowed t~ said .John ,V. Johnson wherever it occurs. which would have been paid to him but for his death in April, 1885. The amendment was agreed to; and, on motion of Mr. LOVERING, SEC. 2. That the Secretary of the Interior bet..and he is hereby, authorized to place on the pension-roll the name of Mary E. Johnson, widow of the said .John the bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with the Vv • .Johnson, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, and recommendation that it ~o pass. to pay her such pension as is provided by law to the widow of a. privat-e soldier in the late war, and the additional pension for ea-ch child of said .John W • .John­ ROBERT 1\ION.AHA.N. son and 1'1fary E . .Johnson until he or she die or arri\·e at the age of sixteen On motion of Mr. LA FOLLETTE, by unanimous consent the bill (H. years, said child's pension to be at such rate as is allowed by law in similiu· R. 2755) granting a pension to Robert Monahan was taken up and read, cases. as follows: Mr. MATSON. I make a point of order against the :first paragraph Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and is hereby, author­ of that bill. ized and directed to place o~ the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and lim­ l\1r. BUCHANAN. I will state in a few words the occasion for the itations of the pension laws, the name of Robert Monahan, late of CompanyB, first paragraph. This is reported from the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Twenty-third Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers. sions. On motion of Mr. LA FOLLETTE, the bill was laid aside to be re­ Mr. MATSON. I am aware of that. ported to the House with the recommendation that it do pass. Mr. BUCHANAN. The report in this case is a very long one. It WILLIAM H. NEVIL. appears that in 1863 this woman married a soldier by the name of Daniel On motion of Mr. SWOPE, the bill (H. R. 3623) granting a pension :M:. Rose; that almost immediately after the marriage he deserted her; to William H. Nevil was taken up ::m.d read, as follows: that in 1867, understanding that he was dead (being informed he had Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is h ereby, au­ died in hospital), she remarried, her second husband being John W. thorized and directed to place on the p ension-roll, subject to the provisionsand Johnson. In 1885, on the 17t.h day of November, John W. Johnson limitations of the pension laws, the natne of William H. Nevil, late of Company was granted a pension, the certificate of the Pension Office bearing that A, One hundred and ninety-eighth Pennsylvania Volunteers. date. I will read a few words from the report: On motion of Mr. SWOPE. the bill was laid aside to be reported to By her second marriage the widow became the mother of four child1·en, the the House with the recommendation that it do pass. oldest born June 21, 1872, and the youngest May 12, 1832. She bears an e.xcel- 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2831 lent reputation in the immediate neighborhood in which she lives, and both she The bill 'was read, as follows: and her second husband, who appears to have been a. strictly sober, honest, and Christian man, have always been considered most respectable citizens. From Be 1'.1. enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ the vast quantity of evidence on the subject it clearly appears- thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll of the United States'!.-subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of John H. l'l.r. MATSON: I rise to another point of orde~. This discussion, I 1\IcClelland, late a soldier in Company B of the Twenty-ninth Regiment Iowa suppose, should relate to the point of order and not to the merits. Volunteer Infantry. Mr. BUCHANAN. There was no noint of order stated. The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the recom­ The CHAIR111AN. The gentleman from Indiana made the point of mendation that it do pass. order on the first section of the bill that all after the enacting clause SIMON J. FOUGHT. was not in order under the order of the House under which we are now 1'r1r. OUTHW.AITE. I call up the bill {H. R. 1902) granting an in­ proceeding. crease of pension to Simon J. Fought. lli. BUCHANAN. The point of order was not stated, and I sup­ The bill was read, as follows: posed it was simply an objection to the matter contained in the bill. Be it enacted. de., That the Secretary of the Int~rior be, and he is hereby, au­ It is for the Chair to rule on the point of order, if it is insisted upon. thorized and directed to grant an increase of pension to Simon J. Fought, for­ The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will cause the special order to be merly a corporal of Company D of the Forty-sixth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, read. to &15 per month. The Clerk read as follows: The CoD?-mittee on Invalid Pensions reported the following amend- Resolved, Tha..t on each Friday the House shall take a recess from 5 o'clock p. ment: m. until 7.30 p. m., at which evening session private bills granting pensions re­ In line G, strike out "$45" and insert "530." ported from the Committee on Im·alid Pension.q and the Committee on Pen­ sions. and bills reported from the Judiciary Committee to remove political dis­ The amendment was adopted. abilties only, be considered. The bill as amended was laid aside to·be reported to the House with the recommendation that it do pass. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will stnte that on last Friday the House by its action on bills reported from this committee decided by WILLIAl\[ F. l'IIILLER. a vote or votes that claims of this character were not granting pensions Mr. PERKINS. I call up the bill (H. R. 4405) for the relief of within the rule. The Chair feels bound by the decision of the House William F. Miller. and sustains the point of order. The bill was read, as follows: Mr. BUCHANAN. That strikes out the first section. Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ The CHAIRMAN. It strikes out the first section. The point of thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll the name of 'Villiam F. Miller, order was only to the first section of the bill. If there be no objection late a private in Company B, Sixteenth United States Infantry, and to pay him the bill with the first section stricken out will be reported to the House a pension of 550 per month. with the recommendation that it do pass. The Committee on Invalid Pensions recommended the following There was no objection, and it was so ordered. amendment: Some time subsequently, In line 6, strike out "f50" and insert "$tO." Mr. BUCHANAN said: I find that striking ont the first section of The amendment was adopted. the bill H. R. 4132leaves the second section as it stands meaningless. The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with I therefore ask unanimous consent to offer the following amendment to the recommendation that it do pass. the second section. .ABEL J. LEWIS. In line 3, strike out the words "the said" and insert after the name Johnson the words" late o. private in Company G, Tenth Regiment of New Jersey Vol­ Mr. WINANS. I call up the bill (H. R. 6381) granting a pension to unteers." Abel J. Lewis. The CHAIRMAN. If there be no objection this amendment will be The bill was read, as follows: considered as adopted. Be it enacted &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereb-y. au­ There was no objection. thorized and c\i;ected to place on the pension-roll, subject to the pt-ovisions and conditions of the pension laws, the nam~ of Abel J. Lewis, late a private in P AR.l\l:ELIA Sl.\fiTH. Company F, Twenty~second Regiment Wisconsin Volunteers. Mr. ELDREDGE. I call up the bill (H. n. 6092) granting a pen­ The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the recom­ sion to Parmelia. Smith. mendation that it do pass. The bill was read, as follows: CHARLES E. BOLLES. Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ Mr. DAVIS. I call up the bill (H. R. 1136) granting a pension to thorized and directed to place the name of Parmelia Smith, the invalid daughter of the late Joseph R. Smith, a brevet brigadier-general in the United States Army, Charles E. Bolles. on the pension-roll, at the rate of 525 per month.. The bill was read, as follows: Be il enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he hereby is, au­ Jl.ir. ELDREDGE. I offer the amendment which I send to the desk. thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and The Clerk read as follows: limitations of the pension laws, the name of Charles E. Bolles, of Vineyard Haven, Mass. In line 7, strike out "$25" and insert" $20," The Committee on Invalid Pensions recommended the following The amendment was adopted'. amendment: The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with In line G, add the words "late a. seaman in the United States Navy." the recommendation that it do pass. The amendment was adopted. FRANK MANHART. The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with '!l!r. WARNER, of Missouri. I call up the bill (H. R. 6130) grant­ the recommendation that it do pass. ing a pension to Frank Manhart. PETER FALKNER. The bill was read, as follows: 111r . .ANDERSON, of Ohio. I call up the bill (H. R. 5779) granting a Be it enacted &c., That the Secretnry of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ thorized and ~ted to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and pension to Peter Falkner. limitations of the pension laws, the name of Frank Manhart, late a private in The bill was read, as follows: Company A., Second Regiment Missouri Artillery Volunteers. Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is he1·eby, author­ The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the recom­ ized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limit­ ations of the pension laws, the name of Peter Falkner, late a. member of Com­ mendation that it do pass. pany C,alsoof Company D, United States Engineer Battalion. LEWIS TYUS. The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the recom­ M:r. TURNER. I call up the bill (H. R. 247) granting a pension to Lewis Tyus. mendation that it do pass. The bill was read, as follows: ISAAC CA.R.LETON. Be i t enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, author· Mr. GROSVENOR. I call up the bill (H. R. 1889) granting a pen­ ized and directed f.c? place the name of Lewis Tyns, late a private in Company sion to Isaac Carleton. D, Santa Fe Battalion (mounted), Mexican war, on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, at the rate of$4.0 per month. The bill was read, as follows: Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and is hereby, author­ The Committee on Pensions recommended the following amendments: ized and directed to place on the pension-roB, subject to the provisions and limit­ In line 4., strike out "Tyns" and insert "Tyus." ations of the pension laws, the name of Isaac Carleton, late of Company E, In line 7, strike out "at the rate of $4.0 per month." Fifteenth Regiment Ohio National Guards. The amendments were adopted. The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the .recom­ The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with mendation that it do pass. the .recommendation that it do pass. JOSEPHINE DA COSTA THOMAS. JOHN H. M'CLELLA:ZW. 1\Ir. WOLFORD. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to call Mr. LYMAN. I call up the bill (H. R. 6003) for the relief of John up tbe bill (H. R. 4688) granting a pension to Josephine DaCosta H. McClelland. Thomas.

r 2832 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MARCH 26,

The bill was read, as follows: the Chair understands, asks unanimous consent that this bill be re­ Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ ported to the House with a favorable recommendation, thai the pre­ thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, at the rate of $50 a month, vious question be regarded as ordered on the engrossment and third the name of Josephine Da. Costa Thomas, widow of Evan Thomas, late of the Fourth Regiment of Artillery, United States Army. reading of the bill, and that a vote be taken on its passage on ~fonday immediately after the reading of the Journal. 1\Ir. WINANS. Mr. Chairman, I would like to hear the report in Mr. WOLFORD. I object, Mr. Chairman. If thls question can not that case. be settled here we will move a call of the House. We have met here The CHAIRMAN. The report will be read. under an order of the Honse to attend to pension cases. Let every gen­ The report (by Mr. WoLFORD) was read, as follows: tleman take his chance. If the members of the House who are absent The Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 4688) grant­ do not see fit to come here it is their lookout, and we cau not afford to ing a pension to Josephine Da Costa. Thomas. beg leave to report: That tke claimant is the widow of Capt. Evan Thomas, whose military record send all these cases over and take up the whole of Monday, which shoold is as follows : be devoted to other business,_ in attending to the business that ought to He was appointed second lieutenant Fourth United States Artillery .April 9, be done at these Friday evening sessions. · 1861; promoted first lieutenant l\Ia.y14,1861, and captain August31, 186-!. Here­ ceived the brevets ofcaptain United States Army December 13, 1862, for gallant and Besides, sir, I apprehend that the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. MAT­ meritorious services at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., and major United States SON] is laboring under a mistake on this question. There is pFecedent Army July 3,1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle_of Gettys­ after precedent forgiving a pension of $40amonth to a captain's widow. burg, Pa. Be served with his company at Fort Monroe, Virginia, from May 1,1861, to June Again, sir, if the gentleman will look a little at the Army Regulations 14, 1861; on signal duty to December 6, 1&>1'; with battery in Army of the Poto­ and consult his own knowledge of military affairs and the facts stated mac to June25,1862; on sick leave to August 17, 1862; with battery in Army of in this report, he will see that this ma.n when killed was not in a cap­ the Potomac to February 11, 1863; on leave to ?tla.rch,l863; with battery in Army of the Potomac to July 29, 1863; with Adjutant--General Lorenzo Thomas, en­ tain's command. He was a captain in the artillery, commanding a gaged in organizing colored troops in Tennessee, Kentucky and 1\Iississippi to battery. May, 1865; at 'Vashington, D. C., to September 1, 1865; with battery at Forts But a captain in the artillery is exactly of the same rank as a· colonel Baker and Whipple, Virginia., to November, 1865, a.ndat Fort Washington, 1\Iary­ la.nd, to February 9, 1866, and served there with his company to July 20, 1870; on of infantry. In the artillery yon can get no hlgher than captain and leave to August 26 1870; with company at Raleigh, N.C., to September 30, 1870; colonel. Anything above that is a brevet command. In the marshal­ at Fort Monroe, Vtrginia.,1 to October 24, 1870; at Graham and Lumberton, N. C., ing of the artillery there is always a captain to command a battery, to 1\Iay, 22, 1871; at Shelby and Rutherfordton, N. C., to September 20, 1871; a.& Charlotte, N. C., to October 13,"1872; en route to and at Presidio of San Francisco, and that is equivalent to the command of a regiment of infantry, so Cal., to January 21, 1873, and in the Modoc campaign until killed, April 26, tbat a captain of artillery is equal in rank to an infantry colonel. I 1873, in action with Modoc Indians at the lava beds, Co.lifornia; he was in the think, sir, thatany gentleman who will examine the Adjutant-General's battles of the Wilderness, Antietam, Chancellorsville, and both battles of Bull Run. report will see that the case is a meritorious one. This is the beauti!nl ~en be was killed he was on a reconnoitering party with sixty-nine sol­ and intelligent young widow of one of the most active, energetic, gal­ diers, artillerymen-no cavalry-into the lava. beds; was not able to find any lant young officers that history gives an account of. He entered into of the Modocs until he reached a. place where the eruptions of the earth had pro­ duced deep caverns in the rock, and where the high cliffs that surrounded them the service of his country a boy of seventeen. In the very first battle were in the shape of a. semi-circle, with large crevices in them, in which the In­ in which he was engaged he so distinguished himself that he rf>.ceived dians were concealed from sight and protected from the fire of Thomas's com­ a lientenant's commission. In the next battle he so distinguished him­ mand. ~en he had advanced without molestation or having seen any Indians, he was suddenly fired upon from ambush by a. cross-fire and a. heavy enfilading self that he got a captain's commission. He distinguished himself in fire, where it was impossible to advance and very difficult to retreat. Finding battle after battle, until he rose by his gallantry and his bravery and that it was impossible to save his men, he gallantly determined to sell his life his splendid services to be a major. and theirs as dearly as he could, calling upon his men, who were panic-stricken, and saying to them, "It is as good a pla.ce to die as any-fight and die like men The CHAIRMAN. Unless the request of the gentleman from Indi­ and soldiers," and many other words of encouragement, he fell, covered with ana (1t'Ir. MATSON] is renewed the Chair will put the motion to the blood, and died, emptying his revolver into the advancing Indians. House that this bill be laid aside to be reported to the House with the He wa.B the son of General Lorenzo Thomas; enlisted in the Army when sev­ enteen years old; displayed in the numerous battles he was engaged in gl'ea.t recommendation that it do pass. If there is no objection it will be so gallantry and coolness. He was a young officer of exceeding great promise, and ordered. great hopes were entertained that he would gain the highest em.inence of mili­ Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Chairman, I understand that there is objection. tary fame. He leaves the claimant a. widow with two children, who are unfort­ unately very poor and hard run to support themselves. :Mr. NEECE. There is objection. Your committee report the bill back with an amendment: Strike out the word Mr. PERKINS. I ask that by unanimous consent the vote be taken "fifty" and insert the word "forty," and with that amendment report that it over again on the amendment recommended by the committee. ought to pass. Mr. WOLFORD. The amendment of the committee reduces the :Mr. WINANS. I want to inquire of the gentleman in charge of this amount of the pension from $50, as proposed originally in the bill, to bill what pension this widow now receives. $40. Mr. WOLFORD. Twenty-five dollars a month. I hope there·will Mr. PERKINS. I desire to take the vote over again, because I sup­ be no objection to the passage of the bill. posed the amendment of the committee had been voted upon and the M:r. BAKER. Can the gentleman from Kentucky inform us whether amount of the pension in that way fixed by a vote of the Committee there is allowance made for her children? of the Whole. Mr. WOLFORD. No, sir; this pension proposed in this bill is really The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state that the bill is still subject too little, but it is all the com.mitree would report. [Laughter.] to amendment. The committee recommended amending the bill by striking out the Mr. PERKINS. Then I move to amend by striking out "$40 '' and word "fifty" before the word "dollars," in line 5, and inserting the inserting " $25." word "forty." · Mr. WOLFORD. If there is to be opposition, I desire to present The amendment was agreed to. this case. The CHAIRMAN. If there be no objection this bill as amended Mr. HOLMES. I would like to ask the gentleman from Kentucky will be laid aside to be reported to the Honse with the recommendation [Mr. WOLFORD] what difference there is between this case and the or­ that it do pass. dinary cases of captains. If it is distinguished in any manner so that Mr. MATSON. -Mr. Chairman, this bill is like several others that an extraordinary pension of $40 or$90 is justified by reason of the pecu­ have been sent to ,the full House for Mtion, and I think it ought to liar circumstances of the case, we would like to know it. take the same course. It is clearly outside the line of precedents in Mr. WOLFORD. I was about to state the reasons why a pf>..nsion of these cases. Although I am very reluctant to make the motion, I do $40 a month ought to be granted. If gentlemen want precedents, there not see how we can do otherwise than send this bill over to be acted have been several cases where captains' widows have been granted pen­ upon by a full House. - sions of $40 a month on account of the extraordinary services of their I am perfectly willing that thAt shall be done. I knew this officer husbands. _ during his lifetime, and of course I am very reluctant to seem to offer The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state to the gentleman from Kan­ any opposition to the bill; but fairness to others requires that this bill sa-s [Mr. PERKINS] that the Chair had overlooked the fact that the should take the course I have indicated. I therefore suggest that it be amendment proposed by the committee has already been adopted by reported to the House with a favorable recommendation, that the pre­ the Committee of the Whole. vious question be ordered upon its engrossment and third reading, and :Mr. PERKINS. That was the reason I made my suggestion. that a vote upon the passage of the bill be taken on Monday immedi­ The CHAIRMAN. Of course that part of the bill which has been ately after the reading of the Journal. inserted by the vote of the Commitree of the Whole is not now open to Mr. DOCKERY. Mr. Chairman, it will be remembered that at the amendment. That can only be done by unanimous consent. last evening session for pension business I objected to the course ofcar­ Mr. PERKINS. In order that this difficulty may be solved, I ask ryingovertoMonday'ssessionbusine..c:sthatoughttobetransactedatthe by unanimous consent that we may take the vote over on the amend­ Friday evening session. Since last Friday evening I have had occasion ment recommended by the Committee on Peneions. to talk to several of the leading members of the House on the subject, Mr. ELDREDGE. For what purpose does the gentleman wish to and they object, as they have a right to object, to this practice, and I do that? wish to announce now that after this bill is disposed of I shall certainly Mr. PERKINS. To see whether we can not agree on some amount object to carrying over any other business in that wo.y. which will be satisfactory. Mr. WOLFORD. Mr. Ckairman-- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Kansas asks unanimous con­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Indiana [Mr. MATSON], as sent that the vote of the Committee of the Whole adopting the amend- 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2833 ment reported by the Committee on Pensions, redncing the sum named Mr. MATSON. The gentleman from Tennessee speaks of the case in the bill from $50 to $40, may be retaken. as my case, but he is mistaken about that, for I voted against it. Mr. ELDREDGE. I hope the gentleman will state for what purpose Mr. HOUK. I meant the case to which the gentleman referred. he desires it. .Mr. MATSON. I had not as much interest in that case as I have Mr. PERKINS. As I have already suggested, I wish to see whether perhaps in this. I think we should all have an interest in seeing that we can not agree on some .amount which will be satisfactory to all of justice is dealt out to all these parties. If it is right to do tlris in this us, thus avoiding the necessity for a call of the House and enabling us case, then there is the same right to do it in all cases where the husband to go on with other business. was killed in battle. The CHARMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman Mr. HOU.K. We have spent more money to-night than would pay from Kansas [Mr. PERKINS]? The Chair hears none, and it is so or- the difference during the whole lifetime of this widow; we have wasted dered. The bill is now subject to amendment. The amendment re- more in the time lost, I mean. ported b~ the Committee on Pensions is to strike out ''$50 '' and insert Mr. PETERS. It is not a question of how we feel in reference to '' $40.'' individual cases, bu·t it is a question whether this House shall discrim- Mr. PERKINS. I move to amend the amendment by striking out inate against those who have already had pensions granted to them - " $40 " and inserting '' $30." heretofore. That is all there is of it. The CHAIRMAN. The question is now on the amendment pro- The CHAIRMAN. The question recurs on the amendment to the posed by the gentleman from Kansas. amendment of the gentleman from Kansas [Mr. PERKINS]. Mr. WOLFORD. I hope I may be permitted to state the reasons The committee divided; and there were-ayes 16, noes 14. why the amount of this pension ought to be $40. As I was about to So the amendment was agreed to. say when I was interrupted, there have been precedents after precedents, Mr. WOLFORD. I move to amend by making it $35. commencing in the last Congress and continued in this Congress, for The CHAIRMAN. That amendment is not in order. giving to the widows of gallant captains $40 a month where the serv- The amendment as amended was agreed to. ices of the deceased husbands have been extraordinary. As I was say- The CHAIRMAN. The question now is on l.aying· aside the bill as ing, this man rose in battle after battle from grade to grade; and he amended to be reported to the House with the recommendation that it was engaged in about forty different battles. He received votes of do pass. thanks and other recognitions of the services he had rendered to his Mr. ZACH. TAYLOR demanded a vote. country. At the time of his death Captain Thomas was commanding The committee divided; and there were-ayes 27, noes 5. a battery. He had been ordered by his superior officer to reconnoiter, So the motion was agreed to; and the bill as amended was accordingly there being no cavalry available for the purpose. . When he had gone laid aside to be reported to the House with the recommendation that a few miles from the camp into the lava beds he was suddenly sur- it do pass. rounded; and, in one of the most desperate fights known to history, ELIZA A. FISHER. he saved his men by sacrificing his own life. On motion of 1\Ir. HOUK, by unanimous consent the bill (H. R. 3152} His widow is left destitute. . She has two children. There is no pro- granting a pension to Eliza A. Fisher, was taken up and read, as fol- vision in the bill for givingthesechildrenapension. The$40amonth lows: · · mns~ support the widow and the two children. I can not believe that Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ gentlemen, when they understand this case~ can be so ungrateful as to thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and refuse proper acknowledgement of the services of a man who in his limitations of the pension laws, the name of Eliza A. Fisher, widow of William outh. gave his life to his country, who fought all through the late war, H. Fisher, deceased, late a private in Company H, Sixty-first Regiment Penn­ Y sylvanil\ Volunteers. was engaged in all the battles of the Wilderness, who gained honor after On motion of Mr. H 0 UK, the bill was laid aside to be reported to the honor as a gallant officer, and who finally, when in command of a bat- H · h th d · h · d tery, fighting the Modoc Indians, came to an untimely death, leaving ouse Wit e recommen atwn t at It 0 pass. a widow and two children penniless. HUGH MULHOLLAND. Now, if this Congress wants to say such gallant conduct as that shall On motion of Mr. DOCKERY, by unanimous consent the bill (H. go unrewa.rded, and these poor orphan children of a man who died un­ R. 6134) granting a. pension to Hugh Mulholland was taken up and der the hands of the Indians for his country and this widow shall not read, as follows: be supported, then let them do so. Be it e1tacled, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ I hope the amendment of the committee will prevail, for that is lit­ thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and tle enough. She ought to have $50 a month, but the <;ommittee put it limitations of the pension laws, the na~ of Hugh Mulholland, formerly of at $40 a month over my vote, because I thought she ought to have $50 Company K, Seventy-first Regiment Pennsylvania. Volunteers. and think so yet. On motion of Mr. DOCKERY, the bill was laid aside to be reported Mr. ELDREDGE. Is not the :first question on the amendment of to the House with the recommendation that it do pass. the committee? The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state to the gentleman from JOHN H. SNYDER. Michigan that the question is first on the amendment of the gentleman Mr. PRICE. I ask consent to take up from the Calendar the bill (H. from Kansas [Mr. PERKINS], which is an amendment to the amend­ R. 2803) granting a pension to John H. Snyder. ment. The bill was read, as follows: Mr. HOU.K. I simply desire to say this: There are many ca.pt..'lins' Beil enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions aud widows drawing much larger pay than is proposed to be given to this limitations of the pension laws, the name of John H. Snyder, late a prh·ate in lady. Here was an officer sent by a general with whom I was well ae­ Company C, One hundred and sixth New York Infantry Volunteers. quainted, and he was a good man; he was sent when all the evidence Mr. WOLFORD. Let us have the reading of the report. shows he was being sent to his slaughter. He was sent and slaughtered The report (by Mr. WINANS) is as follows: in a most savage manner. He leaves a widow and two orphan chil­ John H. Snyder enlisted in Company C, One hundred and sixth New York dren; and I want to see the man in this Housewhowillrise up and say Volunteers,July 23,1862,and was discharged October l4;1862,upon surgeon's that $480 a year is too much to give on the ground of patriotism and certificate of diso.bility because of convulsions. On April18, 1878, he filed an a~ plication for pension, alleging chronic diarrhea, contracted in September, 1862. every other principle involved in the struggle in which he lost his life. The first sergeant of the company testifies that in September, 1862, t.be com­ I submit if any member in this House was confined to $480 a year what mand was sent out on a scouting expedition in the Alleghany Mountains. While would become of him? What would become of his wife after hedied? on this scout claimant was taken with the diarrhea, from which he became unfit for duty, and was, by a:fli&nt's order, taken to a field hospital at New Creek Sta­ Where is the man anywhere in this country if his family were limited tion,West Virginia. That affiant saw said claimant frequently at said hospital to $480 a year which could be respectably supported? I ask every until his discharge in October following, and kno"'s that he was suffering dur­ gentleman present to let it go through at $480 a year. ing that time from chronic diarrhea. He further testifies that to his personal knowledge claimant suffered from :Mr. MATSON. One hundred and two gentlemen said on solemn chronic diarrhea aft.er discharge and while living in affiant's neighborhood. vote last Monday the widow of Captain Hentig, killed by the Apache There are no medical records of the regiment or records of New Cr&:k hospital Indians, just as Captain Thomas was killed, should not have her pension on file in the War Department. The assistant surgeon who treated claimant while in the service, as well as Dr. Hand, who rendered treatment from discharge increased to $30 a month. That was the way the vote went the other to 1869, are dead, hence the absence of medical evidence covering that period. day-68 for it, and 102 against it. There is ample testimony, however, showing treatment for the alleged disability I have already said how delicate I feel about this, but it is a question from 1869 to the present time, while examination by examining surgeons shows the existence of disability from that cause in a degree of total. of doing right between these parties. If it is right to increase this The credibility of the several affiants in the case is not questioned by the Pen­ widow's pension it is also right to increase the pension of every other sion Office, but because of the absence of medical evidence prior to 1869 the evi· captain killed in battle. The House on Monday last voted down, as I deuce is not deemed sufficient to warrant the allowance of the claim. Your committee, however, are of opinion that it is shown beyond any reason­ have already stated, a like proposition. able doubt that claimant, while in the service of the United States, and from ex­ Mr. HOUK. It is utterly impossible to make the same rule apply posure incident thereto, contracted chronic diarrhea, and that he has be~n e':er to everybody. Every man's service is different; his conditions are dif­ since his discharge, and is now, disabled by reason thereof, so as to entitle bun ferent, and so for the refusal in the gentleman's case there may have to a ~ension,and therefore report favorably on the bill and ask that it do pass. been reasons which do not apply in this case. Here there is nothing Mr. WOLFORD. ltfr. Chairman, I would like the committee report­ but the pittance proposed to be given to this widow. ing that bill to let us know the facts on which it is b~ed. I do not care XVII-178 2834 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MAROH 26, ·

to vote on an opinion; I want facts. Theysaythattheyhaveno doubt W. C. DAVIS. but that the disability originated in the service. What are the facts Mr. WARNER, of Missouri. :Mr. Chairman, I ask consent to call and what the proof on which they base their opinions? I would like up the bill {H. R. 6125) granting a pension toW. C. Davis. some gentleman on the committee or some one who has investigated The bill is as follows: the case, or the gentleman in charge of the bill, who.callsitup, to tell us Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is, authorized whatitis. and directed to place the name of W. 0. Davis, late of Company I, First Regi- . Mr. PRICE. I will endeavor to answer the interrogatories of the ment of West Virginia Veteran Volunteers, in the war of the rebellion. on the pension-roll, subject to the laws and regulations governing pensions in other gentleman from Kentucky, as far as I can. cases. I know very little personally of this case. The applicant is a resi­ dent of one of the eastern district-s of the State; but the Grand Army The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the recom­ of the Republic, at a meeting in l\Iilwaukee some two weeks ago, me­ mendation that it do pass. morialized Congress to pass this old man's claim for a pension. They GEORGE W. STOUT. sent the memorial to me, I introduced the bill, and that is all of the Mr. ELLSBERRY. I ask consent to call up House bill No. 1841, case as far as I know anything about it. granting a pension to George W. Stout. I will say to the gentleman that he is not a brigadier-general, and The bill is as follows: · does not require an increase of pension. Be it ena.cled, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and hereby is, author­ Mr. WOLFORD. There is no evidence that he ever was a soldierat ized and directed to pla-ce the name of George W. Stout, late a private in Com· pany K, Seventieth Ohio Volunteers, on the pension-roll, and pay him a pen· all. There are four years of his life unaccounted for. I do not want to sion at the rate of-dollars per month from and after the passage of this act. vote on uncertainties. l\Ir. BAKER. Do not retaliate. The committee recommended the adoption of the following amend­ ments: :Mr. WOLFORD. I am not retaliating, bnt I don't want to vote on a mere statement of the opinion of this committee. However, I shall In lines 6 and 7,strike out "n.nd pay him a pension at the rate of--dollars rae~~~nth, and insert" subject to the limitations and provisions of the pension withdraw my objection, as the gentleman says it is right. The bill was laid aside to be repOrted to the House with the recom­ The amendments were agreed to. mendation that it do pass. The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with GEORGE SCHAEFER. the recommendation that it do pass. 1\fr. NEECE. I ask unanimous consent to call up the bill (H. R. 413) HANNAH BABB HUTCHIKS. granting a pension to George Schaefer. Jtlr. GALLINGER. l\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to take The bill is as follows: up the bill (H. R. 3463) granting a pension to Jt!rs. Hannah Babb Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll the name of George Schaefer, Hutchins. late of Company K, Ninety-ninth illinois Volunteers, now residing in Bushnell, The bill is as follows: ru.,andpayhim a pension at the of $30per month.. . rate Be il enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ . The committee recommend the adoption of the following am£nd­ thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Mrs. Hannah Babb Hutchins, late ment~ an army nru·se, and to pay her a pension of twenty-five dollars per month from Strike out, in lines 6 and 7, "and pay him a pension at the rate of $30 per and after the passage of this act. month" and insert " subject to the provisions, limitations, an-d restrictions of the pension laws." The committee recommend the following amendments: Strike out in the fourth and fifth lines the words "subject to the provisLons The amendment wns agreed to. and limitationsofthe pensionlawa,n and in line7 trik:eouttllewords "twenty­ The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with five" and insert "twelve." the recommendation that it do pass. 1\Ir. WOLFORD. I ask for the reading of the report in that case. WALTER A. PHILLIPS. The Clerk proceeded to read thereport(by].fr. HAYJ:\TEB),asfollows~ 1\Ir. GROUT. Mr. Chairman, I ask consent to take up for consider­ 1\Irs. Babb makes the following presentment of her case in petition addres ed to Congress: ation the bill (H. R. 3117) granting a pension to Walt£r A. P.hillips. •· The undersigned, Hannah B. Hutchins, a resident of Freeport, in the State The bill was read, as follows: of Maine, respectfully represents, that at the time of the breaking out of the Be it enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior is hereby directed to place civil war roe had recently lost her husband and four children; that her name on the pension-roll, subject to the conditions and limitations of the pension laws, was then Hannah Babb; that in response to the advertisement of the Govern­ t11e name of Walter A. Phillips, late hst lieutenant of the Third Hattery Light ment for nm:ses she offered her services in the capacity of a nurse, and on the Artillery, Vermont Volunteers. 1st day of June, 186'2, received a dispatch to report immediately o.t Washington, and that she did so at once; that upon arriving there she signed enlistment · The committee recommend the adoption of the following amendment: papers as a nurse, and mustered into the United States service as a nurse; that Sh·ike out, in lines 6 and 7, u the Third Battery Light Artillery, Vermont Vol­ she served in that capa.dty three years and three months in the hospitals in u n teers," and insert" Company F, Second Regiment Vermont Volunteers." and about Washington, and received pay at the rate of 12 per month and one ration; that he used the money received for pay largely for the purpose of The amendment was agreed to. procru·ing necessary delicacies for the sick and wounded soldiers; that on the The bill as amended was laid a..c:;ide to be l'eported to the House with 1st day of January, 1865, while engaged in said service o.t the Harewood Hos­ pital, in Washington, in passing from ward 12 to ward 10, she slipped on the the recommendation that it do pass. outside steps and fractured her ribs and injured herself otherwise severely; M.ARY HILL. that she was confined to her qua1·ters for a month. and after partially recover­ ing again commenced services as a nurse; that on the 31st day of July, 1865, she ].1r. SWOPE. Ur. Chairman, I ask consent to eall up the bill {H. R. was dischargedatthathospitru; that she returned to Maine and subsequ ntly 5085) for the relief of Mary Hill. married Solomon S. Hutch in , who died in 1 , leaving ller a widow wilh no means of support; that her injury aforesaid affected her so that she was unable The bill was read, as follows: to labor and was obliged to be a patie nt for some eight months in the Maine Gen­ B e i t enacted, &c., That the Secretary of the Interior be dixected to place tl1e eral Ho pi tal, whereby she got partially relie >ed, but has never been able to per­ name of Mary Hill, a nurse in the .A.rmy, on the pension-roll, at the rate of 10 form any man uallabor; that she is seventy-siJ!; years of age and entirely without permontll. means of support; that she believes she is ju Uy entitled to aid from the nation The committee recommend to strike out "ten" and insert •· twenty-fixe;" so precisely as if she had been asoldierand beenincapacitatedfromlaborbyinjury that it will read $25 per month.. received in the line of du.ty, but that she is informed that there is no law of the nation under which shewou.ld be entitled to a pension, asthelawaforthose pur­ Mr. GALLINGER. .Mr. Chairman, I wonld like some statement of poses do not include nurses. She therefore prays that she may be granted a pen­ this {)aBe. Let the report be read. sion." The Clerk proceeded to read the report {by Mr. SWOPE), as follows: In eonnection with thi petition is the following certific..'l.te by Josiah H. Drum­ mond, datf>...d December 27,1885- This claimant, Mrs. 1\Ia.ry E. Hill, was a volunteer nurse (without pay) in the Anny of the Potomac from the oommencem.ent until the close of the late war, Mr. WOLFORD (interrupting the reading). That is enoug.h; I nm caring for the sick and wounded in hospital, camp, and field, or under direction of the Qun.rtermasler's Department or General Grant, making many Journeys satisfied. from the Army of Virginia to Washington, Baltimore, and Philadelphia, to col­ Mr. CANNON. Mr. Chairman, I ha>e examined this Calendar with lect . .nd bring forward large quantities of sanitary supplies for the relief of the somemre,a.ndhavenoobjection to the billnowunderconsideration; but sick, wounded, and snffering. This claimant not only devoted her entire time from the opening to the closing of the war in ministering to the relief of the I would be glad to ha>e the chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pen­ sick, wounded, and dying, but contributed of her own means in purchasing slims, the gentleman from Indian::t, give us some information as to the provisions of 11. character not fu.rnished by the Government, and as an addi­ modus operandi of getting bills reported from his committee. :My Con­ tional sacrifice gave the life ofher son, who was killedo.t the battle of Antietam, and after twenty years she, now aged and broken in.healtb, and destitute of the gressional district, I think, probably nnmbers one hundred and seventy­ means of sustenance in her declining years, now asks relief from the Go•ern• fi...-e thousand people, and I have introduced quite a number of bills. ment. I have been in his committee·room once or twiee, but I have failed to Mr. GALLINGER (interruptingthereading). That is all. I shall find there a favorable or adv-erse report on any bill I have introduced. not ask for the reading of the rest of the report. I only wanted to as­ I would therefore be very glad to know exactly how these reports are certain whether she was a volunteer nurse. made and bills considered, whether according to priority in his eom­ The CHAiruiAN. The question is on the amendment of the com­ mitiee, or whether each member who introduces bills is expected to go mittee. to the committee-room and prepare, or as ist in preparing, the reports 'l'he amendment was agreed to. in case he regards the claim as a wortlly one. I would like to know The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with when my constituency is to receive some relief. the recommendation that it do pass. Mr. 1\fATSON. I will say to the gentleman from illinois [:Mr. CAN- 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2835

NON] the bills which he has introduced have all been referred to his The bill was read, as follows: colleague from Dlinois [Mr. NEECE], a member of the committee. If Be it enaclecl, &e., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and hereby is, directed the gentleman will interview his colleague he will probably ascertain to place on the pension-roll, subject to the pension laws, the name of Mrs. Eliza Humes, mother of George W. Humes, deceased, late a private in Company E, from him all the facta he desires. Second Maine Cavalry Volunteers. Mr. NEECE. I desire to say for the information of my colleague that I do not remember his having called on me. I called on him once and The bill was laid aside to be reported to the House with the recom­ we had some conversation about one of his bills. mendation that it do pass. M:r. CANNON. Not duringthissession, !believe. Not that I recol­ JA.M.ES MORGAN. lect of. Mr. DOCKERY. I call up the bill (H. R. 4824) granting an increase Mr. NEECE. I spoke to the gentleman, and called his attention to of pension to James Morgan. his bills. I will say to the gentleman that there are over one thousand The bill was read, as follows: pension bills which have been referred to me as a subcommittee. It is Be it enackd, &:c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, a.u­ impossibleforanyoneman, or any ten men, Imaysay, to give all these thorized and directed to grant an increase of pension to James Morgan, late of bills full consideration in their order. I have notified gentlemen whose Company C, Fourteenth R-egiment lllinois Infantry Volunteers, and to pay him bills have been referred to me that if they would give me their assist­ $-!0 per month from and after the passage of this act. ance I would do everything in my power to have their bills consid­ The Committee on Invalid Pensions recommended the following ered. It takes time to get papers from·the Pension Office, so as to give amendment: even one of these bills the fair consideration which I would like to In line 6, strike out "$!0 11 and insert " $25." give to every one that I report. Mr. WOLFORD. I rise to a point of order. I submit that a dis- 1\Ir. WOLFORD. Let the report in thnt case be read. cussion of this kind is not in order under the rule to-night. Mr. PERKINS. Perhaps I can..state what will satisfy the gentleman :Mr. CANNON addressed the Chair. in less time than would be occupied by the reading of the report. I !fr. WOLFORD. I insist on my point of order. know personally this soldier, and I know he is blind in one eye. Mr. CANNON. I will proceed in order. Mr. WOLFORD. I withdraw the call for the reading of the report. Mr. WOLFORD. I deny the gentleman's right to raise ·a discus­ The amendment was adopted. sion of this kind. The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with The CHA.IRMAN. Does the Chair understand that the gentleman the recommendation that it do pass. from Kehtucky has withdrawn his point of order ? ALEXANDER FORSYTIT. Mr. WOLFORD. No, sir; I insist on it. I want to have business 1\Ir. PETERS. I call up the bill (H. R. 394G) to increase the l?ension before the committee on which we can act. of Alexander Forsyth. Mr. CANNON. Will the Chair please rule on the point of order? The bill was read, as follows: The CHAIR~AN. Will the gentleman from Kentucky state his point of order? Be it l}naeted,&:c., ThattheSecretaryofthe Interior is authorized and directed to increase the pension of Alexander Forsyth, late of Company K, Eleventh Mr. WOLFORD. My point of order is that this calling upon the Wisconsin Volunteers, to $30 a. month. chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions to know why a bill is not reported is no part of the business of the Committee of the Whole The Committee on Invalid Pensions recommended the following to-night. amendment: The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will admonish the gentleman from In line 5, strike out " $30" and insert "$20." Dlinois [Mr. CANNoN] to keep within the rule. The amendment was adopted. Mr. CANNON. I suppose the gentleman from Illinois will proceed The bill as amended was laid aside-to be reported to the House with in order; and I only desire to say a single word to my colleague. the recommendation that it do pass. Mr. WOLFORD. I insist on my point of order~ The CHAIRMAN. TheChairwillstatetothe gentleman from Ken­ HARRISON W. MOORE. tucky that the gentleman from Illinois is proceeding in order. The 1\Ir. WINANS. Mr. Chairman, I call up for present consideration Chair can not undertake to say beforehand that the remarks the gentle­ the bill (H. R. 6339) for the relief of Harrison W. Moore. man is about to make will not be in order. The bill was read, as follows: Mr. CANNON. I will say to my colleague [Mr. NEECE] that I can Be it enact~. d!c., That Harrison W. Moore, late a private in Company A, First readily understand when so many as a thousand bills are referred to Regiment of Wisconsin Cavalry Volunteers, in the service of the Unit-ed States him it must be exceedingly difficult for him to consider them all. But during the late war, be placed on the pension-roll of the United States at the rate of $20 per month, for injuries receiv-ed and disease contracted in action and I understand the Committee on Invalid Pensions has three or four clerks. in said service during his enlistment, said pension to date from the time of his A MEMBER. Three. discharge. Mr. CANNON. All I want is that my bills should be put in the The committee recommended the amending of the bill by striking hopper. I will say to the gentleman the mere fact that I .had intro­ out all after the enacting clause and inserting in lieu thereof the fol­ duced those bills after very considerable investigation might be con­ lowing: sidered some little evidence that I thought there was something in them That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, instructed to place on at least. I will take an early opportunity to have a further interview the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, with the gentleman, not in Committee of the Whole, touching those bills, the name of Harrison ,V.l\Ioore, late a prh·ate in Company A, First Regiment for I realJy want some of them to be reported. Wisconsin Cavalry. The CHAIRMAN. The qur.stion is on the amendments proposed by The amendment was agreed to. the committee, which the Clerk will again report. There being no objection, the bill as amended was laid aside to be The Clerk read the amendments, as follows: reported to the House with the recommendation that it do pass. Strike out the words "..subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws." SOPHIA F. BIXBY. Strike out "$25" and insert "$12." M:r. RICE. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to call up for The amendments were adopted. present consideration the bill (H. R. 4027) granting a pension to Sophia The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with F. Bixby. the recommendation that it do pass. . The bill was read, as follows: Be it enacted, &:c., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he hereby is, JOHN OWENS. authorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions Mr. LOVERING. I call up the bill (H. R. 1117) granting a pension and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Sophia F. Bixby, mother of to John Owens. George A. Bixby, late of Company H, Twenty-fifth 1\fassachnsetts Volunteers. The bill was read, as follows: There being no objection, the bill was laid aside to be reported to the Be it enacted, &:e., That Lhe Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ House with the recommendation that it do pass. thorized and directed to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of John Owens, late a seaman in the CHARLOTTE BUCK. United States Navy. Mr. ELLSBERRY. 1\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to call The Committee on Invalid Pensions recommended the following up for present consideration the bill (H. R. 3614) granting a pension amendment: to Charlotte Buck. In line 6, strike out the words "a seaman" and insert "an acting ensign. 11 The bill was read, as follows: The amendment was adopted. Be it enacted, &c. That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, au­ The bill as amended was laid aside to be reported to the House with thorized and directed to pla

ORDER OF BUSINESS. PETITIONS, ETC. Mr. 1\IATSON. Mr. Chairman, I move that the committee do now The following petitions and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk, rise. under the rule, and referred as follows: The motion was agreed to. · By Mr. BINGHAM: Petition ofthe Philadelphia Society for Organ­ The commit. tee accordingly rose; and Mr. DoCKERY having taken izing Charity, in favor of .postal savings-banks-to the Committee on the chair as Speaker pro temp01·e, 1\Ir. HATCH reported that the Com­ the Post-Office and Post-Roads. mittee of the Whole ;Hons~ had had under consideration bills upon the By Mr. BRAGG: Petition of citizens and residents of Wisconsin, to the Private Calendar, under the special order of the Honse, and had extend right of suffrage to females by constitutional amendment-to instructed him to report sundry bills with various recommendations. the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. BUNNELL: Petition and letter to remove the charge of de­ BILLS P .ASSED. sertion against Russell F. Thurston-to the Committee on Military Bills of the following titles, reported from the Committee of the Affairs. · Whole House on the Private Calendar with the recommendation that By Mr. CANNON: Petition of James R. Carter, for payment for horse they do pass, were severally ordered to be engrossed and read a third killed by the United States Army during the late war-to the Com­ time; and being engrossed, they were accordingly read the third time, mittee on Claims. and passed: · By Mr. DINGLEY: Petition pf ship-owners and others of Belfast, A bill (H. R. 550) to restore to the pension-roll the name of Adam Me., for passage of law placing American sailing vessels on the same Gaston; basis as to pilotage as steam-vessels-to the Select Committee on Amer­ A bill (H. R. 792) granting a pension to David McKinney; ican Ship-building and Ship-owning Interests. A bill (H. R. 5995) granting a pension to David T. Elderkin; Also, petition of ship-owners and others of Bath, Me., for passage of A bill (H. R. 2755) granting a pension to Robert Monohan; law placing American sailingvessels on the same basis as to pilotage as A bill (H. R. 3623l granting a pension to William H. Nevil; steam-vessels-to the same committee. A bill (H. R. 5997 aranting a pension to Elizabeth Luce; By Mr. ELY: Petition of H. & L. Chase and others, for moditication A bill (H. R. 1576 granting an increase of pension to Thomas All- of duty on burlaps-to the Committee on Ways :md Means. rock· Also, petition of Bradley Fertilizer Company and others, for modifi­ A bill {H. R. 4026) granting a pension to Algernon S. Flagg; cation of duty on burlaps-to the same committee. A bill (H. R. 6130) granting a pension to Frank :Manhart; By Mr. EVANS: Petition of the window-glass workers of Norristown, A bill (H. R. 6003) for the relief of John H. McClelland; - Pa., against a reduction of the present duty on window-glass-to the A bill (H. R. 6381) granting a pension to Abel J. Lewis; same committee. A bill (H. R. 5779) granting a pension to Peter Falkner; By lli. GROUT: Affidavit of Newton I. Howard, in support of pen.; A bill (H. R. 1889) granting a pension to Isaac Carleton; sion claim of Mary H. Sanborn-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. A bill !'H. R. 3152) granting. a pension to Eliza A. Fisher; By Mr. GROSVENOR: Petition ofcitizensofOhio, in fa.vorofthefree A bill H. R. 6134) granting a pension to Hugh Mulholland; and unlimited coinage of silver-to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, A bill H. R. 2803) granting a pension to John H. Snyder; and Measures. A bill (H. R. 6125) granting a pension toW. C. Davis; Also, petition of citizens of Ohio, for free silver coinage-to the same A bill (H. R. 6466) granting a pension to Mrs. Eliza Humes; committee. · A bill (H. R. 40'~7) granting a pension to Sophia F. Bixby; and By Mr. GUENTHER: Petition of citizens of Michigan, Wisconsin, A bill (H. R. 3614) granting a pension to Charlotte Buck. and Illinois, favoring the claim of the heirs of William A. Burt for the Amendments reported from the Committee of the Whole House to nse of the solar compass on the public-land surveys-to the Committee bills of the following titles were severally agreed to, and the bills as on Claims. amended were respectively ordered to be engrossed and read a third ByMr. HEWITT: PetitionofthestationersofNewYorkcity, in favor time; and being engrossed, were accordingly read the third time, and of the passage of the bankrupt law-to the Committee on the Judiciary. passed: By Mr. HIRES: Petition of citizens of Quinton, N. J., that no re­ A bill (H. R. 6092) granting a pension to Parmelia Smith; vision of the present tariff be made-to the Committee on Ways and A bill (H. R. 4132) for the relief of Mary E. Johnson. [Title Means. amended to read: "A bill granting a pension to Mary E. Johnson"]; ByM.r. HISCOCK: PetitionofcitizensofNewYork, againstpatents­ A bill (H. R. 1348) for the relief of Pernetta Hendley; to the Committee on Patents. A bill (H. R. 4689) for the relief of the children of the late Surgeon By :Mr. JACKSON: Petitionofwindow-glassworkers of New Castle, Alfred M. Owen, and to increase their pension; Pa., in favor of a high protective tariff-to the Committee on Ways A bill (H. R. 1902) granting an increase of pension to Simon J. and Means. Fought; By Mr. LORE: Petition of citizens of Dover, Del., for continuance A bill (H. R. 4405) for the relief of William F. Miller; of duty on glass manufactures-to the same committee. A bill (H. R. 1136) granting a pension to Charles E. Bolles; By Mr. LOVERING: Petition of Henry L. Pierce and others, of Bos­ A bill (H. R. 4688) granting a pension to Josephine Da Costa ton, Mass., asking for the pa..~age of the bill creating postal savings­ Thomas; banks-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. A bill (H. R. 413) granting a pension to George Schaefer; Also, petition of residents of Dorchester, Mass., favoring the estab­ A bill (H. R. 3117) granting a pension to Walter A. Phillips; lishment of postal savings-banks-to the same committee. A bill (H. ~- 5085) for the relief of Mary Hill; By Ur. MAYBURY: Petition of David W. Davis, for extension of A bill (H. R. 1841) granting a pension to George W. Stout; patent on freezing-box for fish-to the Committee on Patents. A bill (H. R. 3463) granting a pension to Mrs. Hanna Babb Hutch- Also, memorial of citizens of the United States, with reference to the ins· use of the solar compass-to the Committee on Claims. A~ bill (H. R. 1117) granting a pension to John Owens; By Mr. McMILLIN: Petition of Patrick Gagherty, for pension-to A bill (H. R. 4824) granting an increase of pension to James Morg:m; the Committee on Invalid Pensions. A bill (H. R. 3946) to increase the pension of Alexander Forsyth; and By Mr.MORROW: Petition of residents of San Francisco, Cal., favor­ A bill (H. R. 6339) for the relief of Harrison W. Moore. ing reciprocity treaty with Mexico-to the Committee on Ways and Means. 1\I.ARG.ARET COFFEY. . By 1\fr. NORWOOD: Petition of citizens of Georgia, :fu.voring the On motion of Mr. LOVERING, the title of the bill (H. R. 1108) Blair bill-to the Committee on Education. granting a pension to :M:argaret Coffee was amended so as to read: "A By Mr. CHARLES O'NEILL: Memorial of president and secretary bill granting a pension to Margaret Coffey." of New Century Guil~ of Workingwomen, asking for the passage ofa The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a third law providing for post-office savings-banks-to the Committee on the time; and being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and Post-Office and Post-Roads. passed. Also, petition of the Philadelphia Produce Exchange, urging theen­ LOUIS TYUS. !1-Ctment of a national bankrupt law-to the Committee on the Judi­ On motion of Mr. WOLFORD, the title of Honse bill No. 247 was ciary. amended so as to read: "A bill granting a pension to Louis Tyns." By Mr. RANDALL: PetitionofcitizensofTacony, Philadelphia, Pa., The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a third engaged in window-glass manufacture, protesting against any change time; and being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and in tariff as far as window-glass is concerned-to the Committee on Ways passed. . and Means. Mr. l'viATSON moved to reconsider the several votes by which the By Mr. RYAN: Memorial of Knights of Labor of Peterton, Kans., bills were passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider lie on for Hennepin Canal bill-to the Committee on Railways and Canals. the table. By Mr. STEELE: Petition of citizens of Boehmer, Ind., asking for The latter motion was agreed to. free coinage of silver-to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and The House then, on motion of Mr. M.ATSON (at 9 o'clock and 17 min­ Measures. . utes), adjourn~d. By Mr. STRAIT: Petition of voters of Minnesota, for legislation tQ 1886. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2837 .

protect the dairy interests against the manufacture of oleomargarine HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. and butte»ne-to the Committee on Agriculture. . By Mr. VAN SCHAICK: Resolution by the village board of Bald­ SATURDAY, March 27, 1886. win, Wis., upon the subject of interstate commerce-to the Commit­ tee on Commerce. TheHousemetat 12 o'clock m. PmyerbytheChaplain, Rev. W. H. By Mr. T. B. WARD: Petition of citizens of Westfield, Hamilton MILBURN, D. D. County, Indiana, praying for an amendment to the Constitution grant­ The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday was read and approved. ing suffrage to women-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. GROSVENOR. I ask unanimous consent that the prayer made By Mr. WILLIAM WARNER: Petition of Caroline Mulhaupt, of by the Chaplain this morning may be published in the RECORD. Kansas City, Mo., asking compensation for property taken and used by Mr. JAMES. I object. the United States Army during the late war-to the Committee on War SUITS AGAINST COLLECTORS OF CUSTOMS. Claims. f'he SPEAKER laid before the House a letter from the acting Secre­ By Mr. A. C. WHITE: Application of JohnF. Baird, for removaJ.of tary of the Treasury, transmitting a letter from the Secretary of the charge of desertion-to .the Committee on Military Affairs. Treasury, with accompanying papers, in regard to suits against collect­ Also, letter ofHon James B. Neal, John A. Colwell, and G. W. Do­ ors of customs now pending in the United States court for the southern verspike, relating to the pension claim of Elizabeth Sirwell-to the district of New York for duties claimed to have been illegally exacted; Committee on Invalid Pensions. which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and ordered to By Mr. WILKINS: Resolutions of the Knights of Labor of Chero­ be printed. kee, Kans., asking for liberal appropriations for internal improve­ LEAVE OF ABSENCE. ments-to the Committee on Railways and Canals. By unanimous consent leave of absence was granted as follows: The following petitions, prayingCougress for the enaetment of a law To Mr. PINDAR, indefinitely, on aecount of important business. requiring scientific temperance instruction in the public schools of the To Mr. STRUBLE, for ten days, on account of important business. District of Columbia, in the Territories, and in the Military and Naval ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. ·Academies, the Indian and oolored schools supported wholly or in part Mr. NEECE, from the Committee on Enrolled Bilis, reported that by money from the national Treasury, were presented and severally the committee had examined and found truly enrolled bills of the follow­ referred to the Committee on Education: ing titles; when the Speaker signed the same: By Mr. BURROWS: Of citizens ofVan Buren, Berrien, Cass, and A bill (H. R. 81) granting a pension to Margaret B. Harwood; and Kalamazoo Counties, Michigan. A bill (H. R. 1557) for the relief of David W. Jones. By Mr. DOCKERY: Of German citizens of Caldwell County, Mis­ somi. SILVER COINAGE. By Mr. GIFF9RD: Of citizens of Edmunds, Lincoln, and Douglas Mr. JAMES. I desire to call up the special order, House bill5690, Counties, Dakota. for the free coinage of silver-the bill reported adversely from the By Mr. T. J. HENDERSON: Of citizens of Lee County, Illinois. Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. By Mr. O'DONNELL: Of St. Patrick's Total Abstinence Society of The SPEAKER. On this bill the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CUL­ Washington, D. C. · BERSON] is entitled to the floor. By Mr. PARKER: Of citizens of Saint Lawrence County, New York. Mr. BLAND. Beforethegentlemaufrom Texas proceeds, I ask unan­ By Mr. PIDCOCK: Of citizens of Hunterdon and Sussex: Counties, imous consent to have printed in the RECORD certain statistics showing New Jersey. . imports and exports of gold and silver to and from certain countries for By Mr. PRICE: Of citizens of Jackson, Pierce, Clark, Eau Claire, a series of years, and showing also the stock of gold and silver in the Saint Croix, and Trempealeau Counties, Wisconsin. principal countries of the world. · By Mr. ROCKWELL: Of citizens of Berkshire and Hampden Coun­ There being no objection, leave was granted. ties, Massachusetts. The following are the statistics referred to: Stock of gold and silver in tlte princjpal countries of tlte world.

Per capita. Countries. Population, j Gold. Silver. Total. Gold. Silver. Total. ------1------I------J------·------

United States...... *58, 000,000 $609, 000, 000 8283, 000, 000 $892, 000, 000 $1050 ~88 Sl5 38 Great Britain and Ireland...... 35, 246, 562 583, 500, ()()() 95,000,000 678, 500, 000 16 56 2 69 19 25 Dominion of Canadn., including Manitoba and Newfoundland.. 4, 506,563 9,326,000 4,500,000 13,826,000 - 2fJ7 100 307 British India...... 252,54.1,210 1, 037,000,000 1, 037,000,000 4 10 410 Ceylon ...... 2, 758,166 772,000 772,000 28 28 Australia, Tasmania,· and New Zealand...... 2, 798, !!98 65,000,000 5,000,000 70,000,000 2322 1 79 25 01 Cape of Good Hope ...... 780,757 30,000,000 2,441,000 32, ID,OOO 38 42 3 13 41 M France ...... ffl, 672,04.8 848,000,000 54.9, 900, 000 1, 442, 900, 000 22 51 15 79 3830 Algiers...... 2, 867,626 9, 300,000 5, 915,000 15,2l5,000 324 206 530 Guadeloupe...... 185,460 381,000 28l,OOO 662,000 206 1 52 358 Belgium...... 5, 585, 846 64., 000, 000 59,500,000 123, 500, 000 11 46 10 56· 2212 Swit-zerland...... 2, 846,102 17,000,000 14,700,000 31,700,000 9 97 5 16 11 13 Italy...... 28,452,639 t140,000,000 1'72, 000, 000 tzJ 2, 000, 000 492 253 745 Greece...... 1, 979, 423 2, 702, 000 2, 702,000 5,404.,000 136 136 272 Spain...... 16,625, 860 130, 000,000 70,000,000 200, 000, 000 782 4 21 1203 Cuba...... 1, 394, 516 28, 181, 000 28,181,000 2020 2020 Luzon ...... ,...... 4, 450,191 762,000 ············2:'2.36;c;oo· 2,998,000 17 50 67 Portugal, including Azores and Madeira...... ~ ...... 4, 550,669 30,000,000 10,000,000 40,000,000 6 59 220 8 79 Germany ,...... 45, 235, U61 334, 420, 000 211, 480,000 54.5, 900, 000 739 4 67 1206 Austria-Hungary...... 35,839,428 45,000,000 75,000,000 120,000,000 126 209 335 Sweden and Norway...... 6, 479,168 14, 296,783 5,138,368 19,435,151 2 2l 79 300 DanishKingdom...... 2,096,400 13,936,000 4,958,000 18,894,000 664. 2 36 900 Netherlands...... 4, 172, 921 28, 000,000 57,000,000 85,000,000 671 13 66 20ffl Russia...... 9R, 323, 000 l124, 008, 153 ...... 124, 008, 153 1 26 .. \ ...... 126 · Turkey...... 21,987,000 39,600,000 35 :!00 000 74,800,000 1 59 1 41 300 Roumania...... 5, 376,000 163,000 n: 387:000 11,550,000 03 2 12 215 Mexico...... 9, 7ff7, 629 UO, 000, 000 40, 000, 000 50,000,000 102 409 511 Central America...... 2, 891, 600 2, 318, 000 374,000 2,692,000 80 13 93 Argentine Republic ...... : ...... ,...... 2,&10, 000 10,000,000 10,720,000 20,720,000 393 422 815 Colombia...... 3, 000, 000 ...... ·- 4, 000, 000 4;000,000 133 133 Peru ...... 3, 050, 000 62, 000 1. 820, 000 1,882,000 02 60 62 2,123,000 96 06 102 ~~r~.~.~~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::_-.·::.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~:~:~ ...... ~... ~.. ~. 6,~:~ 6,000,000 2 47 2 47 2 5,400,000 232 232 ~~~~~;;::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::·.::::::::::·:.:::::::::::::::::::·.::::::::::::::: '!~:~ ...... 4:·oo1:ooo ~:~:~ 5,601,000 ...... io"49 228 12 77 4, 780,000 700 1 36 836 1 136, 333, 712 250 1 21 36 9 44 371 ~~tfii~~i~i=~:::::::.~:::.:.::::::::::::.:::::::::::·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ l ' ~~:r~ 1 ~:m: m1 ' m: ~ 1,499, 900 820 22 41 ------: lUl l· Total ...... ;...... , 3,292,106, 836 1 2, 775,611,080 I 6, 067,717,916

*Estimated by the Directo1· of the Mint. Includes bullion in the Mint available for coinage. t Walu·ung;·s Polilik, 188!. Otto mar Haupt. lBank reserves only. E. 0. LEECH, Computer of Bullion. TREASURY DEP.ARTME.."i;T, BUREAU OF THE 1\IIsT, J-anUa!'Y 25, 1886.