Diagram 3. List of All Books of OT and NT Originally Belonging to Codex Sinaiticus

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Diagram 3. List of All Books of OT and NT Originally Belonging to Codex Sinaiticus Diagram 3. List of all books of OT and NT originally belonging to codex Sinaiticus On the basis of the overview provided in Diagram 2 and 4 we present now an over-all view of all the books which were originally included in the codex. The gaps of books are compared with codex Vaticanus. The larger divisions and titles (in upper margins and at the end of books) are the shortest possible indication of the liturgical grouping of the books. The larger divisions are marked in the codex through 1) blank pages and columns; 2) the organisation of the quire structure (new quire at the beginning of larger sections), 3) the grouping of the individual books qua content, according to the usage of these books in the religious communities for reading, explanation and study. See Diagram 4 (Extended Short Catalogue) for the titles and the indicated beginnings and ends according to the succession of books in codex context. The list below is based on the reconstruction model of Milne/Skeat (1938) and CBM' s Extended Short Catalogue description in Diagram 4. The original and present state of preservation of codex Sinaiticus are compared: The originally included books of OT and NT together (listed are all individual books or letters, which have a particular title at the head, in the middle and at the end of the writings): OT part of the codex comprised 48 books and 1 letter. The NT part of the codex includes 7 books and 23 letters (Barnabas and the Shepherd included). Originally was the sum total of included books in the Sinaiticus: 55 books and 23 letters. At present are absent (lost) 22 books and 1 letter (of the OT part), and there are many gaps and pieces in partially preserved books. [ Division I. The books of the Oktateuch ] All books of Scripture are Genesis absent considered to be a unity Exodus absent See: Prologue to Sirach, Leviticus absent and additional Athanasius Numeri absent Letter to Marcellinus on the Deuteronomy absent Interpretation of the Psalms, Joshua absent included in the Vaticanus. Judges absent Ruth absent (8 books) Division II. Historical books I Kings absent II Kings absent III Kings absent IV Kings absent I Chronicles II Chronicles absent I Esdras absent II Esdras Esther Tobit Judith I Maccabees II Maccabees absent III Maccabees absent IV Maccabees (15 books) Division III. The books of the Prophets Prophets follow directly after Isaiah the historical books (see Sirach, Jeremiah NT, Jospehus). Lamentations (portion) The Major Prohets first, Baruch absent the Minor Prophets follow. Epistle of Jeremiah absent Ezechiel absent Daniel absent Hosea (1) absent Amos (2) absent Micah (3) absent Joel (4) Obadiah (5) Jonah (6) Nahum (7) Habakkuk (8) Zephaniah (9) Haggai (10) Zachariah (11) Malachias (12) (18 books and 1 letter) Division IV. The book of Psalms and Wisdom books Wisdom books are placed Psalms of David 150 (+) 1 close to the NT corpora. Proverbs The Psalmbook at the head, Ecclesiastes and the books of Wisdom Song of Songs and Sirach included. Wisdom Sirach OT part of the codex: Job (7 books) 48 books; 1 letter in total Division V. The Gospel books No demarcation line between According to Matthew "OT" and "NT" series of books. According to Mark The four Gospel books are According to Luke placed at first in the order According to John (4 books) of NT writings. (6 books and 14+7 letters, Division VI. The book (collection) of Pauline epistles added: 1 letter and 1 book) Romans 1 Corinthians 2 Corinthians Galatians Ephesians Philippians Colossians 1 Thessalonians 2 Thessalonians Hebrews 1 Timothy 2 Timothy Titus Philemon (14 letters) Division VII. The book of Acts of the Apostles Acts is placed between the Apostolic corpora of letters: Actes of the Apostles (1 book) 14 Pauline - 7 Catholic epistles. Division VIII. The book (collection) of General epistles James 1 Peter 2 Peter 1 John 2 John 3 John Jude (7 letters) Division IX. The book of Apokalypse The Apocalypse is placed at the end, but followed immediately Apocalypse (1 book) by two further early Christian writings. Division X. The epistle of Barnabas Inclusion of Barnabas and the Shepherd suggest an Epistle of Barnabas (1 letter) open canon consciousness. Division XI. The book of the Shepherd of Hermas (Incomplete) The Shepherd (1 book) NT part of the codex: 7 books; 22 letters in total.
Recommended publications
  • Codex Sinaiticus: New Perspectives on the Ancient Biblical Manuscript
    Codex Sinaiticus: New Perspectives on the Ancient Biblical Manuscript CODEX SINAITICUS: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE ANCIENT BIBLICAL MANUSCRIPT Edited by SCOT MCKENDRICK, DAVID PARKER, AMY MYSHRALL & CILLIAN O’HOGAN THE BRITISH LIBRARY HENDRICKSON 2015 First published 2015 by The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB and Hendrickson Publishers Marketing, LLC PO Box 3473 Peabody Massachusetts 01961-3473 Text copyright © 2015 the contributors Images copyright © 2015 the British Library Board and other named copyright holders A CIP record for this volume is available from the British Library and the Library of Congress ISBN 978 0 7123 5860 6 (British Library) ISBN 978 1 61970 647 7 (Hendrickson) Typeset by Sparks Publishing Services Ltd – www.sparkspublishing.com Printed in Hong Kong by Great Wall Printing Co. Ltd CONTENTS Note to the Reader vii List of Works Cited in Short Form ix Author Biographies xi Preface xvii Section 1: Historical Setting 1 1 Codex Sinaiticus in Its Fourth Century Setting 3 Harry Gamble Section 2: The Septuagint 19 2 The Septuagint in Codex Sinaiticus Compared with Other Sources 21 Emanuel Tov 3 Reconstructing Quire 17 Folio 1: Joshua 12:2–14:4 31 Rachel Kevern 4 Codex Sinaiticus and the Book of Psalms 41 Albert Pietersma Section 3: Early Christian Writings 51 5 Codex Sinaiticus: Its Entrance into the Mid-Nineteenth Century Text-Critical Environment and Its Impact on the New Testament Text 53 Eldon Jay Epp 6 Codex Sinaiticus and the Formation of the Christian Bible 91 David Trobisch 7 The Corrected New Testament Text of Codex Sinaiticus 97 Klaus Wachtel 8 Codex Sinaiticus: An Early Christian Commentary on the Apocalypse? 107 Juan Hernández Jr 9 Some Observations on Various Features of Scribe D in the New Testament of Codex Sinaiticus 127 Peter M.
    [Show full text]
  • A New English Translation of the Septuagint. 07 Judges
    07-Jdg-NETS-4.qxd 11/10/2009 10:21 PM Page 195 JUDGES TO THE READER EDITION OF GREEK TEXT To date there is no fully critical edition of LXX Judges. The Göttingen edition has not yet appeared, and the edition of Brooke and Maclean is a “diplomatic” edition in which the main text is basically that of Codex Vaticanus (B). The NETS translation of Judges, therefore, is based on A. Rahlfs, Septuaginta. Id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes, 2 vols.(Stuttgart: Württembergische Bibelanstalt, 1935). In Judges Rahlfs based his edition on the readings of about twenty manuscripts. He identified two main textual traditions, which he believed were so diverse that they amounted to separate recensions (editions) of the book. He printed these as separate texts, designated A and B. NETS Judges, accordingly, offers a translation of both the A and the B texts. Rahlfs based his A text upon Codex Alexandrinus (A) and two groups of manuscripts representing the recensions of the LXX associated, respectively, with Origen (c. 185–253 CE) and Lucian (c. 250–312 CE). His B text was based upon Codex Vaticanus (B). OVERVIEW OF THE TEXT(S) OF JUDGES Subsequent scholarship has refined Rahlfs’ classifications. The manuscripts which are seen as witnesses to an A-type of text are now divided into three groups, AI, AII and AIII, of which AI corresponds fairly closely to Rahlfs’ “Origenic” manuscripts, and AII to his “Lucianic” manuscripts. Similarly, the B-type of text is now held to be represented by two related but distinct manuscript groups.
    [Show full text]
  • T.C. Skeat on the Dating and Origin of Codex Vaticanus
    CHAPTER FIVE T.C. SKEAT ON THE DATING AND ORIGIN OF CODEX VATICANUS Biblical scholars are used to working with the text of Codex Sinaiticus [281] and Codex Vaticanus. We sometimes need to remind ourselves just how unique these manuscripts are. Both are codices on parchment that originally included the whole of the Bible. Even complete copies of the New Testament are rare: my count is only sixty-one manuscripts out of 5,000 New Testament manuscripts and not all those were originally composed as complete manuscripts; in some cases one of the sections was added by a different and later hand. Then the age of these manuscripts is remarkable—they are our oldest Bibles in Greek. (Their dates will be considered shortly.) The fact that they contain not only the New Testament but the com- plete Bible in Greek makes these, together with Codex Alexandrinus and Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus exceptional. Even Latin pandects are rare. The fifty Bibles ordered by Constantine (about which more below) must therefore have been a very high proportion of all the complete Bibles written during the fourth century or, indeed, ever written. The commonly agreed dates for Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus are fourth century; Alexandrinus and Ephraemi Rescriptus are from the fifth century. Cavallo1 suggested dates of 350 for Codex Vaticanus and 360 for Codex Sinaiticus—those suggestions by a famed expert ought to be weighed carefully. Kenyon2 gives the date as “early fourth century” for both. We ought to remind ourselves what was happening in the Christian world at that time. There was a growing consensus about the content of the Christian [282] scriptures—the finally agreed canon was being shaped.
    [Show full text]
  • 666 Or 616 (Rev. 13,18)
    University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Engineering and Information Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive) Sciences 7-2000 666 or 616 (Rev. 13,18) M. G. Michael University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/infopapers Part of the Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons Recommended Citation Michael, M. G.: 666 or 616 (Rev. 13,18) 2000. https://ro.uow.edu.au/infopapers/674 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] 666 or 616 (Rev. 13,18) Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication Details This article was originally published as Michael, MG, 666 or 616 (Rev. 13, 18), Bulletin of Biblical Studies, 19, July-December 2000, 77-83. This journal article is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/infopapers/674 RULL€TIN OF RIRLICkL STUDies Vol. 19, July - December 2000, Year 29 CONTENTS Prof. Petros Vassiliadis, Prolegomena to Theology of the New Testament 5 Dr. Demetrios Passakos. Luk. 14,15-24: Early Christian Suppers and the self-consciousness of the Lukas community 22 Dr. D. Rudman, Reflections on a Half-Created World: The Sea, Night and Death in the Bible .33 . { Prof. Const. Nikolakopoulos, Psalms - Hymns - Odes. Hermeneutical Contribution of Gregory of Nyssa to biblical hymnological terminology .43 Prof. Savas Agourides, The Meaning of chap. lOin John's Gospel and the difficulties of its interpretation .58 Mr. Michael G. Michael, 666 or 616 (Rev. 13, 18) 77 Dr. Vassilios Nikopoulos, The Legal Thought ofSt.
    [Show full text]
  • Making Sense of the End of Mark Pastor Russ Reaves Immanuel Baptist Church, Greensboro, NC January 27, 2009
    Making Sense of the End of Mark Pastor Russ Reaves Immanuel Baptist Church, Greensboro, NC January 27, 2009 Anyone who has ever read the Gospel of Mark carefully has likely noticed that most Bibles contain a footnote, a marginal note, or some other device or feature to indicate that there are questions about the authenticity of Mark 16:9-20. Almost every modern English version does in some way. Following are some examples of how this is done: • A bracketed heading before verses 9-20 which states, “The earliest manuscripts and some other ancient witnesses do not have Mark 16:9-20.” 1 • A footnote containing explanations similar to the following: “Some of the earliest manuscripts (or “mss.”) do not contain verses (or “vv.”) 9-20.” 2 • A footnote that reads, “Verses 9 through 20 are not found in the most ancient manuscripts, but may be considered an appendix giving additional facts.” 3 • A heading before verses 9-20 which reads, “An Ancient Appendix” or something similar. 4 • A footnote that offers a more detailed description of the situation, such as the following or similar: “Vv. (verses) 9-20 are bracketed in NU (an abbreviation for the Greek text known as Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament and United Bible Societies Greek New Testament ) as not original. They are lacking in Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus (two Greek manuscripts dating to the fourth century), although nearly all other mss. (manuscripts) of Mark contain them.” 5 • Bracketing around verses 9-20, with an explanatory notation in the footnotes stating, “Mark 16:9-20 [the portion in brackets] is contained only in later manuscripts,” or similar.
    [Show full text]
  • The Book of Revelation (Apocalypse)
    KURUVACHIRA JOSE EOBIB-210 1 Student Name: KURUVACHIRA JOSE Student Country: ITALY Course Code or Name: EOBIB-210 This paper uses UK standards for spelling and punctuation THE BOOK OF REVELATION (APOCALYPSE) 1) Introduction Revelation1 or Apocalypse2 is a unique, complex and remarkable biblical text full of heavenly mysteries. Revelation is a long epistle addressed to seven Christian communities of the Roman province of Asia Minor, modern Turkey, wherein the author recounts what he has seen, heard and understood in the course of his prophetic ecstasies. Some commentators, such as Margaret Barker, suggest that the visions are those of Christ himself (1:1), which He in turn passed on to John.3 It is the only book in the New Testament canon that shares the literary genre of apocalyptic literature4, though there are short apocalyptic passages in various places in the 1 Revelation is the English translation of the Greek word apokalypsis (‘unveiling’ or ‘uncovering’ in order to disclose a hidden truth) and the Latin revelatio. According to Adela Yarbro Collins, it is likely that the author himself did not provide a title for the book. The title Apocalypse came into usage from the first word of the book in Greek apokalypsis Iesou Christon meaning “A revelation of Jesus Christ”. Cf. Adela Yarbro Collins, “Revelation, Book of”, pp. 694-695. 2 In Codex Sinaiticus (4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (5th century) and Codex Ephraemi (5th century) the title of the book is “Revelation of John”. Other manuscripts contain such titles as, “Revelation of John, the one who speaks about God”, “Revelation of Saint John, the one who speaks about God”, “Revelation of John, the one who speaks about God, [the] evangelist” and “The Revelation of the Apostle John, the Evangelist”.
    [Show full text]
  • Codex Formats of Pandect Bibles of the 4Th / 5Th Century
    Codex formats of Pandect Bibles of the 4th / 5th century 4th c. 1. Codex format and columns of the Sinaiticus Ref. : Codex Sinaiticus Project: http://codexsinaiticus.org/en/. The original covers disappeared, the construction weakened and finally the one codex was divided up into several parts, single folios and fragments. The three-dimensional format of the codex as an integral whole can only be imagined with the help of the example of the Vaticanus (see below). It was a thick and large, not very practical volume, evidently not intended to be used in daily liturgical practice of church or monastery. Most probably the codex was kept in a library (of a Christian scriptorium somewhere in the East) and used as reference work for new handwritten copies. The original number of used sheets: 380 sheets were needed to produce the whole pandect Sinai codex (95 quires of 4 sheets per quire). When the codex is laid open one observes 4 small columns (writing space) per page and 8 columns (read from left to right), providing a broad overview for the reader. In the middle part of the codex, where the Psalms and the Wisdom books were incorporated, the writing shifts from 4 to 2 (somewhat lengthier) columns per page and 4 columns over 2 folio-pages. At present the folio-dimensions are 38 cm in height and 34,5 cm in width. The inner margins are smaller than the outer margins. The upper margins are smaller than the lower margins. Large format verso recto 4 columns (writing space) 4 columns (writing space) 38 cm 34.5 cm 34.5 cm 4th c.
    [Show full text]
  • ANCIENT SCRIBES and MODERN ENCODINGS: the DIGITAL CODEX SINAITICUS David Parker the Codex Sinaiticus Is One of the Two Oldest Bi
    ANCIENT SCRIBES AND MODERN ENCODINGS: THE DIGITAL CODEX SINAITICUS David Parker The Codex Sinaiticus is one of the two oldest Bibles in Greek, and con- tains the oldest complete New Testament. It is currently housed in four locations (London, Leipzig, Sinai and St Petersburg). Since 2002, it has been the subject of a major project which includes a formal account of its history, a conference, a print facsimile and a popular book, conser- vation and physical description, fresh digital imaging, a TEI-compliant electronic transcription, translations, and articles of both a specialist and a general nature. Project information and resources are publicly accessible from the Codex Sinaiticus website (www.codexsinaiticus.org). This provides the context for the text that follows. The chapter focuses on the transcription, which was made in Birmingham University, at the Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing. It describes the concept and methodology of the project, and compares it with the process by which the manuscript itself was made in the fourth century. In particular, the workings of the team of scribes and the decisions they had to make are outlined, and a comparison is made with the process of making a complex web-based edition. Finally, the significance and likely impact of editions which make hitherto almost inaccessible material available to everyone with a browser is discussed. Introduction The Codex Sinaiticus is a manuscript of the Bible in Greek (see Plates 23–25), written in the middle of the fourth century. Although about half of the Old Testament is missing, it includes the oldest known complete version of the New Testament.
    [Show full text]
  • The Text of Jude 4
    The text of Jude 4 CHLandon University of Stellenbosch Abstract The article analyses three variation units and one singu­ lar reading from the text of Jude 4. Following the ratio­ nale of thoroughgoing eclecticism, it concentrates on internal evidence. The most problematic variation unit is 6€anóxTii/ versus 8e<niÓTTH/ 0cóv. Transcriptional arguments can be advanced in favour of either of these variants. To resolve the conflicting transcriptional evi­ dence, an ‘etymological narrative’ is provided to esta­ blish the Attic and Judaeo-Hellenic background of the word BeomÓTTii' as a metaphor applicable to the gods or to God. The etymological narrative and other intrinsic arguments suggest that SecrrtÓTni' refers to God, and that therefore an eclectic preference for the variant 8eaTtÓTTiu 0eóv can be expressed. 1. INTRODUCTION Despite the fact that ‘[cjonsidering the brevity of Jude, the textual critical problems are numerous and difficult’ (Bauckham 1988:3792), thus far only four verses in Jude have generated text-critical discussions in journals and edited monographs.i Albin’s (1962) Swedish text-critical analysis of Jude as a whole remains the seminal work. Five factors can be enumerated in favour of a modem reappraisal of the text-critical problems in Jude as a whole: * The publication ofand * The publication ofp ^ \ The rinancial assistance of the Centre for Science Development (HSRC, South Africa) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. ISSN 0259 9*22 ~H TS 49/4 (1993) 823 Jude 4 * The need to expand on Kubo’s study of some of the variation units in Jude (Kubo 1965); the publication of The Greek New Testament according to the Majority Text (hereafter GNTMT); and • The publication of much pioneering material relating to exegesis, rhetoric and style in Jude during the last three decades.
    [Show full text]
  • What Scriptures Or Bible Nearest to Original Hebrew Scriptures? Anong Biblia Ang Pinaka-Malapit Sa Kasulatang Hebreo
    WHAT BIBLE TO READ WHAT SCRIPTURES OR BIBLE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES? ANONG BIBLIA ANG PINAKA-MALAPIT SA KASULATANG HEBREO KING JAMES BIBLE OLD TESTAMENT IS THE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES BECAUSE THE OLD TESTAMENT WAS DIRECTLY TRANSLATED FROM HEBREW COLUMN OF ORIGENS’S HEXAPLA. KING JAMES BIBLE ALSO WAS COMPARED TO NEWLY FOUND DEAD SEA SCROLL WITH CLOSE AND VERY NEAR TRANSLATION TO THE TEXT FOUND ON DEAD SEA SCROLL ni Isagani Datu-Aca Tabilog WHAT SCRIPTURES OR BIBLE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES? KING JAMES BIBLE OLD TESTAMENT IS THE NEAREST TO ORIGINAL HEBREW SCRIPTURES BECAUSE THE OLD TESTAMENT WAS DIRECTLY TRANSLATED FROM HEBREW COLUMN OF ORIGENS’S HEXAPLA. KING JAMES BIBLE ALSO WAS COMPARED TO NEWLY FOUND DEAD SEA SCROLL WITH CLOSE AND VERY NEAR TRANSLATION TO THE TEXT FOUND ON DEAD SEA SCROLL Original King Iames Bible 1611 See the Sacred Name YAHWEH in modern Hebrew name on top of the Front Cover 1 HEXAPLA FIND THE DIFFERENCE OF DOUAI BIBLE VS. KING JAMES BIBLE Genesis 6:1-4 Genesis 17:9-14 Isaiah 53:8 Luke 4:17-19 AND MANY MORE VERSES The King James Version (KJV), commonly known as the Authorized Version (AV) or King James Bible (KJB), is an English translation of the Christian Bible for the Church of England begun in 1604 and completed in 1611. First printed by the King's Printer Robert Barker, this was the third translation into English to be approved by the English Church authorities. The first was the Great Bible commissioned in the reign of King Henry VIII, and the second was the Bishops' Bible of 1568.
    [Show full text]
  • Online Resources for Ben Sira Study (Current June 20, 2020) Compiled by Jeremy Corley St Patrick’S College, Maynooth, Ireland [email protected]
    Online Resources for Ben Sira Study (current June 20, 2020) Compiled by Jeremy Corley St Patrick’s College, Maynooth, Ireland [email protected] Hebrew manuscripts Solomon Schechter and Charles Taylor, The Wisdom of Ben Sira; portions of the Book of Ecclesiasticus from Hebrew manuscripts in the Cairo Genizah collection presented to the University of Cambridge by the editors (Cambridge: University Press, 1899): https://archive.org/details/wisdomofbensirap00scheuoft/page/ii/mode/2up Arthur E. Cowley and Adolf Neubauer, The Original Hebrew of a Portion of Ecclesiasticus (Oxford: Clarendon, 1897) on the Sacred Texts website: https://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/ohpe/ohpe00.htm Discussion in Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 100b Hebrew with English translation from William Davidson Talmud on Sefaria website: https://www.sefaria.org/Sanhedrin.100b?lang=bi English translation (Shachter and Freedman) from Epstein Talmud on Halakhah website: https://halakhah.com/sanhedrin/sanhedrin_100.html#PARTb Greek manuscripts and editions Photo and transcription of second oldest Greek codex of Sirach on the Codex Sinaiticus website [Choose a passage—select Sirach]: http://codexsinaiticus.org/en/manuscript.aspx Alfred Rahlfs and Robert Hanhart 2006 Septuagint edition of Greek text on the website of the Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft [Select Buch: Sirach]: https://www.bibelwissenschaft.de/online-bibeln/septuaginta-lxx/lesen- im-bibeltext/ Chester Beatty Greek 4th-century papyrus manuscript LDAB 3161 / Rahlfs 964, containing parts of Sirach 36-37; 46-47: http://www.csntm.org/Manuscript/View/Rahlfs_964
    [Show full text]
  • The Book of Jude
    THE BOOK OF JUDE by Daniel J. Lewis © Copyright 2005 by Diakonos, Inc. Troy, Michigan United States of America 2 THE LETTER OF JUDE...........................................................................................3 Introductory Issues ..................................................................................................3 Author and Date...................................................................................................3 Readers .................................................................................................................4 Infiltrators.............................................................................................................5 Relationship with 2 Peter .....................................................................................5 Canon....................................................................................................................6 Commentary ............................................................................................................8 Address (1-2)........................................................................................................8 Occasion (3-4)......................................................................................................9 Warnings and Analogues of Divine Judgment (5-19) ...................................... 11 The Exodus (5) ............................................................................................... 13 Deviant Angels (6) ........................................................................................
    [Show full text]