State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan (SAIDP) Under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana Twelfth Five Year Plan Period (Year 2012 to 2017) Soil Testing Lab Agriculture Extension & Training Center Submitted to: Government of India Ministry of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmer Welfare New Delhi Submitted by Government of Madhya Pradesh Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh INDEX CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY 4 1.1 Major Areas of Focus 11 1.2 Objectives of SAIDP 11 1.3 Approach and Methodology for the District and State Plan 12 1.4 Steps Followed in Developing District Plans 12 CHAPTER – II RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE ECONOMY 14 2.1 Zonal Classifications 14 2.2 Geomorphologic Zones 14 2.3 Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh State 22 2.4 Operational Holdings 28 2.5 Irrigation 31 2.6 Sources of Irrigation 31 2.7 Agriculture 34 2.8 Horticulture 46 2.9 Agricultural Engineering 49 2.10 Animal Husbandry and Dairy 50 2.11 Fisheries 53 CHAPTER III STRENGTH, WEAKNESS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES 59 SWOC Analysis 3.1 Agriculture Sector 59 3.2 Horticulture Sector 62 3.3 Agriculture Engineering 65 3.4 Animal Husbandry Sector 65 3.5 Fisheries Sector 66 CHAPTER IV MADHYA PRADESH: VISION 2020 68 4.1 Indian Agriculture at a Glance 68 4.2 Emerging Trends 70 4.3 Main Issues 71 4.4 Vision 71 4.5 Challenges, Policies and Strategies 72 GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 2 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh Chapter V MAJOR CONSTRAINTS & DEVELOPMENT ISSUES FOR SAIDP 81 5.1 Agriculture sector 81 5.2 Agriculture Mechanization 81 5.3 Animal Husbandry 81 5.4 Horticulture 82 5.5 Fishery 82 5.6 Co-operative 82 Chapter VI ON GOING SCHEMES AND INTERVENTIONS REQUIRED FOR 83 INFRASTRUCTURE 6.1 Agriculture 83 6.2 Horticulture Development 85 6.3 Agriculture Engineering 85 6.4 Animal Husbandry 86 6.5 Fishery 87 Chapter – VII FUNDS REQUIREMENT FOR INFRASTRUCTURE 88 DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN PERIOD FROM 2012-13 TO 2016-17 Chapter - VIII MONITORING AND EVALUATION 120 GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 3 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY INTRODUCTION: The land is blessed in all terms; such as topography, natural beauty, population, religional culture or language. India compresses of twenty eight states and seven union territories. The twenty eight states and the seven union territories are all unique in their own way, having an extraordinary history and culture. All the states and union territories in India never fail to charm its visitors with their unfolding mysteries and charisma. 1.1 Madhya Pradesh: Landlocked in the central part of the country, Madhya Pradesh is bordered by the states of Rajasthan to the northwest, Uttar Pradesh to the north, Chhattisgarh to the east, Maharashtra to the south, and Gujarat to the west. Madhya Pradesh had the honor of being the largest state of the country until Chhattisgarh was carved out of it on 1st November 2000. The state has a mixed topography that consists of both hills and plains. The state has three predominant seasons: winter (November through February), summer (March through May), and the monsoon season (June through September). During the winter average temperatures range from 10° to 27° C (50° to 81° F). Summers are hot, with an average temperature of 29° C (85° F) and a high temperature that at times reaches 48° C (118° F). During the monsoon season temperatures average 19° to 30° C (66° to 86°). Madhya Pradesh receives an average annual rainfall of about 1200 mm (nearly 50 in), of which 90 percent falls during the monsoon season. The capital of the state is Bhopal. The largest city and the commercial capital of the state is Indore. Below is a table representing important facts about Madhya Pradesh Figure 1 Madhya Pradesh Location Map Table 1.1 ;-Facts on Madhya Pradesh GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 4 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh Date of Formation Nov 1, 1956 Size 3,08,250 sq km Population 7,25,97,565 (Census2011) Capital Bhopal Rivers Narmada, Tapti, Betwa, Son, Chambal Forests & National Park Bandhavgarh NP, Kanha NP, Pench NP, Indrawati Tigar Reserve, Kheoni WS Language Hindi Neighbours State Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh State Animal Swamp Deer State Bird Paradise Fly-catcher Figure 1 .1 : Madhya Pradesh Physical Map GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 5 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh Table 1.2 :State Profile of Madhya Pradesh POPULATION (2011 census) 7,25,97,565 MALES 3,76,12,920(51.81) FEMALES 3,49,84.645(48.19) GENDER RATIO (females/1000 males) 930(Census2011) DENSITY OF POPULATION (Persons/ Square Km) 236 URBAN POPULATION % 31.16 LITERACY RATE (census 2001) in % 70.6 MALE LITERACY in % 80.5% RATIO OF URBAN POPULATION 31.15% FEMALE LITERACY in % 60.0 PR CAPITA INCOME (Rs at current price in 1992-93) 4,725 BIRTH RATE (PER 1000) (2002)P 30.3 DEATH RATE (PER 1000) 9.7 There are fifty one districts in Madhya Pradesh, these are clubbed under ten divisions which are Bhopal, Jabalpur, Indore, Chambal, Gwalior, Rewa, Sagar, Ujjain, Shahdol and Narmadapuram. The division-wise districts are indicated in the table below: Table 1.3 :Division wise Districts in Madhya Pradesh S. Name of Division No of Districts Name of Districts No. 1. Bhopal, 05 Bhopal, Sehore, Raisen, Rajgarh, Vidisha 2. Narmadapuram 04 Betul, Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Harda 3. Indore 08 Indore, Jhabua, Alirajpur, Khargone, Badwani, Khandwa, Burhanpur, Dhar 4. Ujjain 07 Dewas, Ratlam, Shajapur, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ujjain,Agar Malwa 5. Gwalior 05 Gwalior, Shivpuri, Guna, Ashok Nagar, Datia 6. Chambal 03 Bhind, Morena, Sheopur 7. Sagar 05 Sagar, Damoh, Panna, Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh 8. Jabalpur 06 Jabalpur, Katni, Narsinghpur, Seoni, Mandla, Balaghat 9. Rewa 04 Rewa, Sidhi, Singraouli, Satna, 10. Shahdol 04 Umariya, Dindori, Shahdol, Anuppur 51 GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 6 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh Fig.1.2 Madhya Pradesh District Map Madhya Pradesh is home to about 40 percent of India's tribal population. There are three distinct tribal groups in the state. The largest chunk is formed by the Gonds, who once ruled a major part of the state and after whom Gondwana, the central portion of the state is known. Western Madhya Pradesh is inhabited by the Bhils, a colourful group of warriors and huntsmen. Eastern Madhya Pradesh is dominated by the Oraons, most of whom have now turned Christians. Hindi is the most widely spoken language though Marathi is also widespread. Urdu, Oriya, Gujarati and Punjabi are spoken by sizeable numbers. The Bhils speak Bhili and the Gonds Gondi and a major chunk of the population also speak Hindi. The Gonds, Bhils and Banjaras have several vibrant tribal dances like Phag (a sword dance), Lota (dance by women full of water on their heads), and other stilt dances. Textiles are important but Madhya Pradesh also has a strong traditional village handicraft industry. Handloom Chanderi and Maheshwar silks are especially sought after. The tribal population produces attractive handicrafts. Among the temples known throughout the world for their erotic art are those at Khajuraho in the Chhatarpur district in the north of the state; dating from AD 1000, they were built by the Chandela kings. The temples at Gwalior and in its vicinity should also be mentioned. The palaces and mosque at Mandu (near Dhar), the majestic Bandhogarh fort built in the 14th century, and the Gwalior fort--perhaps the most impressive of the residences of the former princes of Madhya Pradesh-represent other notable architectural achievements. The state has several well-known annual cultural events, such as Kalidas Samaroh (for performing and fine arts) in Ujjain, Tansen Samaroh (music) in Gwalior, and a dance festival in Khajuraho, where artists from all over India participate. In Bhopal there is a unique multifaceted cultural complex, the Bharat Bhavan, which functions as a meeting GoMP, Department of Farmer Welfare & Agriculture Development, Page 7 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan 2012-17, Madhya Pradesh ground for artists from various fields. Located along the Bhopal Lake, this sprawling complex houses a museum, a library, an open-air theatre, and a number of conference halls. The state has important yearly religious melas (gatherings) in Mandasor and Ujjain, as well as religious festivals like Dashhara. Population of Madhya Pradesh The population of the state is 7,25,97,565 in the last held census of 2011. At that point of time, Madhya Pradesh was considered to be the seventh most populated state of India. Though Madhya Pradesh used to be a sparsely populated state considering the huge area that it covers, yet the growth in the industries in the chief urban areas saw a steady rise in the number of inhabitants from the previous census. The improved gender ratio and literacy rate also speaks for the improvement of civil consciousness among the population of Madhya Pradesh. Population in Madhya Pradesh is largely rural. About 75 % of the total population resides in the villages. People involved in agriculture; by far; forms the biggest occupation group in Madhya Pradesh. Nearly 71 % of the population is directly involved in agriculture. Madhya Pradesh's population boasts of a diverse ethnicity. Although Hindi is spoken by most inhabitants, yet other minor ethnic groups also abound. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribal population in India, contributing to more than 23 % of the total tribal population in India.