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Alexandre Olivar (1919-2018)* and 2008), which were joined by a good number of mono- graphic works. In this same field, he published the cata- On the 1st of October 2018, Fa- logue of the incunables of the Episcopal Library of Vic ther Alexandre Oliver i Daydí (2000) in conjunction with another monk from Montser- passed away on Montserrat. He rat, F. Xavier Altés. was a corresponding member A professor of Latin, methodology, Church history, lit- of the History-Archaeology urgy and patristics at the theological study centre of Section of the Institut d’Estudis Montserrat, he had many disciples – including myself – Catalans since 1973 and the who enjoyed his classes, which were always permeated founder and president of the with humour and bonhomie, and occasionally stanched Societat Catalana d’Estudis by exams which were sometimes excessively demanding Litúrgics, an affiliate of the in- or even arbitrary, and learned a great deal from the exam- stitute, since 1978. Born on the ple he set and his extensive knowledge. 1st of February 1919, he had His teaching was accompanied by constant work in just turned 99 years old and was looking forward to his the same fields. His liturgical knowledge took him to 100th birthday. However, a fall led him to break his fe- Rome during Vatican II, where he spent a time as the sec- mur, which was followed by an operation from which he retary of the Cardinal from Montserrat, Anselm M. Al- was unable to recover, depriving him of the chance to cel- bareda. In Barcelona, he was the vice-president of the in- ebrate this centennial by just four months. Fortunately, ter-diocesan commission for the version of the liturgical however, he was in time to receive a doctorate honoris texts, a job which had been preceded by his role as the causa from the Ateneu Universitari Sant Pacià on Mont- secretary general of the 2nd Liturgical Congress of Mont- serrat on the 18th of November 2017, an honour which serrat in 1965. During that time, I was able to help him in culminated his lifelong study, research and teaching. countless ways with the organisation and especially in He had entered the monastery of Montserrat at a very the publication of four large volumes of the minutes, young age, in July 1934, and there he took his temporary which were a kind of preparation for the job he soon took vows in August 1935, at which time the abbot Antoni M. at the monastery’s press, Publicacions de l’Abadia de Marcet changed his baptismal name, Lluís, to Alexandre, Montserrat. as was customary at the time. He kept this name his entire In the field of the history of the liturgy, he prepared im- life and always used it to sign his extensive body of work, portant editions of the Sacramentary books of Vic (1953) which he wrote in the fields of bibliology, the history of and Ripoll (1964), and since 1994 he was a member of the the liturgy and patristics. Between 1936 and 1939, he had drafting committee of the Literaturbericht of the Archiv to further his studies abroad because the Civil War pre- für Liturgiewissenschaft at Maria Laach Abbey, a journal vented him from continuing his monastic life on Mont- in which for years he published long reviews of publica- serrat. He had the great fortune to live successively in Ma- tions on liturgical topics written in Spain. As mentioned ria Laach Abbey in Germany and Maredsous Abbey in above, he, Miquel dels S. Gros and José Janini founded the Belgium, where he not only did he have outstanding pro- Societat Catalana d’Estudis Litúrgics, of which he was the fessors, but he also furthered his knowledge of German honorary president at the time. Within this society, he and French, two languages which opened up a world that spearheaded the creation of the journal Miscel·lània litúr- he never abandoned, alongside the Latin he had studied gica catalana and the “Biblioteca litúrgica catalana”, on Montserrat. which have garnered a great deal of prestige because of As soon as the Civil War was over, he was able to return the multiple contributions they have made to his area of to his monastery, where he took his official vows in Au- expertise. Since 1954, he had also been a corresponding gust 1940, was ordained a priest in August 1942 and re- member of the Herwegen-Institut. ceived his theology license from the Universidad de Sala- Finally, in the field of patristics, in addition to being a manca in 1945. founding member of the Association Internationale des From 1948 to 1953, he was the director of the Library of Études Patristiques (1967), he also spent countless hours Montserrat, where he would later serve as the conservator on two very specific topics: the history of ancient Chris- of the manuscript section for many years. An enthusiast tian preaching, about which he published a thick tome in of all kinds of books and an avid reader, he also dove into 1991, and the critical edition of the sermons of Saint Peter studying the incunables conserved on Montserrat, two Chrysologus, in three volumes of the Series latina of the complementary catalogues of which he published (1955 “Corpus Christianorum” (1975, 1981 and 1982). He made and 1990), and he catalogued the Western manuscripts this latter work available to the Catalan public in conjunc- under his stewardship in four batches (1969, 1977, 1991 tion with Father Jaume Fábregas i Baqué in six volumes published by the Fundació Bernat Metge (1985-2003). Previously, he had laid the groundwork for this publica- * Text prepared by Josep Massot (Institut d’Estudis Catalans). Photo- tion in the seminal work Los sermones de San Pedro graph: Photographic Archive Collection of the Institut d’Estudis Catalans. Crisólogo. Estudio crítico (1962), which was issued, just

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like the majority of his books, in the “Scripta et Docu- Despite a long, full life largely devoted to study and re- menta” collection issued by Montserrat. search, health problems had led him to languish in recent For all of this incredible work, truly the “labora of the years. Nonetheless, until quite recently he still enjoyed Benedictines”, he earned entry into the Acadèmia de writing reviews for the journal Studia Monastica, and de- Bones Lletres de Barcelona, where in April 1983 he deliv- spite his eyesight problems, he still closely tracked the ered the speech entitled Els auditoris cristians antics, with new books that entered the monastery’s library on a daily Dr Frederic Udina i Martorell responding on behalf of the basis. Furthermore, his good humour contributed to cre- Academy. Thereafter, he regularly attended the Academy ating a positive atmosphere in the house’s infirmary, sessions and often delivered speeches, contributed to the where we had lived together almost a year and where he Academy’s newsletter and responded to the admission will be sorely missed for so many reasons. speeches of several new scholars.

Eva Serra i Puig (Barcelona 1942-2018)* that behind her physically frail appearance was a histori- an and political activist of extraordinary fortitude. Eva Serra i Puig, one of the ma- In 1960, she began studying Philosophy and Humani- jor touchstones in Catalan his- ties at the Universidad de la Laguna, where her uncle Elies toriography in the past four Serra i Ràfols (Mahon 1898-Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1972) decades, passed away on the was a professor of the History of Spain. Later, after two 3rd of July 2018. Born in Barce- academic years there, she transferred to the Universitat de lona in 1942, Eva was the eldest Barcelona, which she would always consider her alma daughter of Josep de Calasanç mater, and where she finished her specialisation in histo- Serra i Ràfols (Mahon 1900- ry. In addition to the influence and teachings of her uncle, Barcelona 1971) and Isabel who had written his doctoral thesis on Ferdinand the Puig i Pardellà (Vilanova i la Catholic and the issue of the serfs, in the 1960s Eva and Geltrú 1920-Barcelona 1991), her sister Blanca attended underground classes held by her mother the descendant of a “Estudis Universitaris Catalans”. There, they were trained humble fishing family from the coastal village of El Gar- in history and methodology by personalities like Ferran raf. She first studied in the municipal school in the Gui- Soldevila, Miquel Coll i Alentorn, Jordi Rubió i Balaguer nardó neighbourhood along with the children of the civil and Joaquim Molas. servants working in the Barcelona Provincial Council. In 1966, Eva Serra published her first book, La Guerra Popularly known as “Font del cuento”, this school was co- dels Segadors, which addressed a historical topic that ed unusual at the time. Afterward, Eva and her sister would set the course of her subsequent career as a re- Blanca studied for their baccalaureates at the Institut Ver- searcher. This text was written when Eva Serra was daguer in Barcelona. scarcely twenty years old and had not yet finished her de- Her childhood and early adulthood were marked by gree in Philosophy and Humanities, yet it shows glimpses the atmosphere of moral and material repression and of her mettle as a historian. Thus, ignoring the interpreta- penury in the post-war years. Her own family experienced tions of renowned scholarly authorities like Jaume Vicens this repression and domestic exile because of the purging Vives and John H. Elliott, who saw the Catalan institu- and professional eschewment of her father, one of the tional system prior to 1714 as a throwback in the midst of most prominent disciples of Pere Bosch i Gimpera. In the modernity of the newly-minted great monarchies, a those harsh years experienced within a family with repub- young Eva Serra claimed that “the Catalan constitutions lican and Catalanist values, Eva Serra also learned about were oligarchic privileges, true, but they were also the the tenacious struggle of the group of intellectuals and ac- only weapon that the country had to deal with absolut- tivists in her father’s circle to instigate the cultural and na- ism, which was tantamount to castilianisation”. tional restoration of Catalonia. These experiences forged The young Eva Serra’s interest in the War of the Reap- a personality which was always guided by convictions of ers, or Catalan Revolt, sprang from a twofold motivation. utter commitment to scholarly work and to the country. First, in the mid-1960s, the deeds of 1640 were a historical Anyone who has interacted with Eva Serra is keenly aware referent for the Front Nacional de Catalunya, the pro-in- dependence movement in which she was involved, since they both conjoined political struggle with grassroots mo- * Text prepared by Antoni Simon (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona bilisation. Yet her interest in the War of the Reapers also and Institut d’Estudis Catalans). The initial version of this text was pub- reflected her own lived experience. Eva and her siblings lished in “Eva Serra i Puig. Trajectòria d’una gran historiadora”, Serra d’Or 706 (October 2018), pp. 20-23. Photograph by Jordi Pareto. Photographic had been raised in the neighbourhood of Guinardó, yet Archive Collection of the Institut d’Estudis Catalans. they always maintained close ties to Sant Andreu del Pal-

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