“Kinesiology” Taping?

3/20/2019

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

Disclaimer: I am a certified instructor for the Kinesio Taping® Association International (KTAI) and act as an independent contractor teaching courses in the KTAI program. Although I receive compensation for KTAI teaching assignments, I offer this workshop as a pro bono educational outreach.

What is Elastic Therapeutic Taping or “Kinesiology” Taping?

Used during rehabilitative and chronic phases of injury – Acute – Sub acute – Rehabilitative

Preventative

Return body to Homeostasis

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

1 3/20/2019

What is Elastic Therapeutic Taping or “Kinesiology” Taping?

Taping Benefits

Integrate Kinesiology Taping to enhance and prolong the benefits of treatment for: • Overworked Muscles & Joints • Headaches • Achilles Tendonitis • Hallux Valgus • Frozen Shoulder • Brachial Plexus Syndrome • Whiplash • Chronic Neck and back Discomfort • Discomfort from Arthritis • Edema… and Much More!

Five Major physiological effects of Kinesiology Taping

1. Skin

2. Circulatory/Lymphatic Systems

3. Fascia

4. Muscle

5. Joint

2 3/20/2019

Fan Taping Applied 2 days after 1st application

Taping done by Jim Wallis MS, ATC, CKTI

Fan Taping Applied 4 days after 2nd application

Taping done by Jim Wallis MS, ATC, CKTI

Cerebral Palsy Case Study Before Taping

Scapula is elevated

Asymmetry with head, neck and trunk

photo courtesy of Audrey Yasukawa MOT, CKTI

3 3/20/2019

Cerebral Palsy Case Study After Taping

Lower Trapezius facilitation

Trunk Extensors to activate External Rotation to align and shift weight Humerus

photo courtesy of Audrey Yasukawa MOT, CKTI

Kinesiology Taping Effects on Superficial Lymphatic Drainage • Lifts the skin, causing convolutions

• Creates channels of low pressure in congested areas

• Decreases pain

Elastic Therapeutic Tape

Enhances the circulatory system via superficial activation

Restores epidermal tissue homeostasis

Used worldwide for preventative and clinical conditions

4 3/20/2019

Taping Configurations Web Cut I Cut Jellyfish Cut

X Cut

Fan Cut Donut Cut

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

Taping Tension Percentages & Guidelines

Ggkjg lh;lhk jmnb b,b

0% tension in anchors and ends *These correspondences are suggestions. Remember that tape applications are at the discretion of the trained and knowledgeable clinician applying it.

Basic Application Concepts

D to P (I to O) Distal  Proximal To inhibit overused muscle- Acute conditions, muscle spasm 15% to 25% tension

P to D (O to I) Proximal  Distal To facilitate weak muscle-chronic conditions, rehabilitation 15% to 35% tension

Therapeutic Direction is the recoil of the tape toward the anchor Therapeutic Zone is the targeted tissue

5 3/20/2019

Tape Removal from Backing Tear Method

Tear paper substrate Gently pull back approximately 1.5” below substrate from tape end

Tape Removal from Backing Roll Method

Catch front edge Gently roll down of tape with finger

Feel the Stretch

Fold the tape in half Tear the backing

Fold the tape in half Example of stretch

6 3/20/2019

Elastic Qualities of the Tape

Cut one block of tape horizontally across the roll, then cut the block lengthwise in half along the dotted lines on substrate paper

Elastic Qualities of the Tape

Apply one cut strip to the dorsum of index finger in full flexion

Elastic Qualities of the Tape

Cut another half square from the roll horizontally

7 3/20/2019

Elastic Qualities of the Tape

Apply it to the dorsum of your other index finger in full flexion

Elastic Qualities of the Tape

Flex both index fingers at the same time and compare the feeling

Tape Removal

“Skin From Tape” Method

1. Pull the skin back from the tape 4. Remove in direction of hair growth 2. Tape may be removed while bathing 5. Roll the tape off 3. Soap, hand lotion or oil (baby using the base of the hand or mineral) may be applied to to brush/ pat skin gently to the tape to break the adhesive reduce discomfort bonds comfortably Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

8 3/20/2019

Tape Removal

“PRESSURE” Method:

Pull edge of tape away from skin

Place index finger against tape with downward/inward pressure

Pull tape up and away with moderate to high tension

While maintaining index finger pressure as tape is removed

Precautions for Corrective Techniques

Increased unidirectional pull on the skin can cause blistering or micro trauma, increasing edema and hemorrhage

Over stimulation of skin receptors may increase pain or produce itching

Not suitable for all patients

Use professional expertise Fragile Skin Infections Sunburn Irradiated skin Tape sensitivities

EDUCATE YOUR PATIENT

Basic Tape Terminology

Anchor: The beginning for all Taping applications that is always applied with 0% tension End: The last part for all Taping Applications that is always 0% tension Therapeutic Zone: The portion of the Tape applied between the anchor and end at various tensions Tension: Amount of force applied to the Tape in any given application Therapeutic Direction: The recoil of the Tape towards the anchor

9 3/20/2019

Elastic Therapeutic Tape Effect on the Skin (Endogenous Analgesic System, Superficial Fascia)

Stimuli to mechanoreceptors of skin

Decrease inflammation and pressure on mechanical receptors

Circulatory/ Lymphatic System

Increase interstitial lymphatic fluid flow

Enhance fluid exchange between tissue layers

Reduce edema

Equalize temperature

Musculoskeletal - Muscle

Relieves pain

Increases Range of Motion

May normalize length/tension ratios to create optimal force

Assists tissue recovery

Reduces fatigue

Improves muscle contraction of a weakened muscle (Facilitation)

Stimulate relaxation of over-contracted muscle (Inhibition)

10 3/20/2019

Musculoskeletal - Joint

Improves joint biomechanics and alignment

Balances agonist and antagonist

Reduces protective muscle guarding and pain

Facilitate ligament & tendon function

Enhances kinesthetic awareness

Application of the Tape

Skin should be free of oils and dry

After application, lightly rub the tape to activate the heat sensitive adhesive

Tape application in moist areas or prior to swimming: apply 30-40 minutes prior to activity

Tape both the pain, and cause of the pain

The tape is generally applied to stretched tissue, with appropriate stretch added to the tape

Less is more

No tension on the anchor or end

Let’s Start Taping!

11 3/20/2019

Upper Body Muscle Taping

Deltoid

Rhomboid

Trapezius

Sacrospinalis

Deltoid

Actions: Abduction, Horizontal Adduction, Horizontal Abduction

The Deltoid muscle is the major abductor of the Humerus

Anterior fibers abduct, flex and internally rotate the arm

Lateral fibers abduct the arm

Posterior fibers abduct, extend and externally rotate the arm

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

Deltoid Inhibition Application

Measure and cut Y Strip

Anchor with no tension at Deltoid Tuberosity

Position for Anterior Tail of Y Strip Shoulder position: 90°flexion and horizontal abduction Apply 15 - 25% tension along anterior muscle fibers End with no tension at lateral Clavicle Activate adhesive

12 3/20/2019

Deltoid Inhibition Application

Position for Posterior Tail of Y Strip Shoulder position: 90°flexion and horizontal adduction

Apply 15 - 25% tension along posterior muscle fibers

End with no tension at lateral edge of spine of Scapula

Activate adhesive

Deltoid Inhibition Application

Completed Taping

One Y Strip

D to P

15 - 25% tension

Inhibition

Rhomboid Major

The Rhomboid Major helps in inferior, medial, and lateral rotation of the Scapula

Together with the Latissimus Dorsi, it helps maintain correct posture

13 3/20/2019

Rhomboid Major Facilitation Application

Measure and cut an X Strip

Position: Horizontal adduction

Rhomboid Major Facilitation Application

Tear the paper substrate in the center

Anchor at T2-5 with no tension

Apply 15 - 35% tension to the medial border of the Scapula

Splay tails and end with no tension

Activate adhesive

Rhomboid Major Facilitation Application

Completed Application

X Strip

P to D

15 - 35% tension

Facilitation

14 3/20/2019

Trapezius

The Trapezius muscle is comprised of 3 sections, the upper, middle and lower fibers

The middle fibers assist in adduction while the lower fibers help in rotation, suppression, and adduction of the arm.

If the middle Trapezius becomes weak, then as the upper limb is raised the scapula slips laterally

When the lower Trapezius is not working, then the arm can not be raised in flexion of the trunk

Middle Trapezius Inhibition Application

Measure and cut one Y Strip

Anchor under the Acromion Process with no tension

Activate adhesive

Middle Trapezius Inhibition Application

Position: Flex the elbow to 90 degrees and reach upper arm horizontally

Apply superior tail with 15 – 25% tension

End at C6 with no tension

Activate adhesive

15 3/20/2019

Middle Trapezius Inhibition Application

Apply inferior tail with 15 – 25% tension

End at T3 with no tension

Activate adhesive

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

Middle Trapezius Inhibition Application

Completed Application

One Y Strip

D to P

15 - 25% tension

Inhibition

Sacrospinalis

The Sacrospinalis is the generic member of the Erector Spinae in the thoracic and lumbar regions.

Anterior member of the Erector Spinae group is the Iliocostalis which, while being insufficient on its own to move the body forward or to maintain an erect posture, is very strong in resistance to extension, hyperextension and lateral flexion.

16 3/20/2019

Sacrospinalis Application

Measure and cut Y Strip

Position: Standing

Anchor with no tension over the center of the Sacrum

Activate adhesive

Sacrospinalis Application

Position for the Right Tail of Y Strip Lumbar Spine flexion with rotation to the left side

Apply 15 - 35% tension

Adhere right tail of the Y Strip along the Sacrospinalis muscle

End with no tension

Activate adhesive

Sacrospinalis Lab

Completed Application

Y Strip

P to D

15 - 35% tension

Facilitation

17 3/20/2019

Clinical Condition Applications

Cervical Support

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation

Lower Back Spasm and Strain

Patella Tendonitis/Tracking

Cervical Support Application

A sprained neck generally occurs as the result of a quick snapping of the head in forward flexion. It may be associated with a strained neck, since the same motion may cause an over stretching to the cervical muscles.

This taping technique will assist with reduction in edema, muscle spasm and, with the application of ligament correction, limit painful neck movement.

Cervical Support Application: Paraspinal Facilitation Measure and cut Y Strip Position: Neutral

Anchor with no tension with the split of the Y Strip at approximately T1 or T2 spinous process

Position: Forward flexion with rotation to the opposite side

Apply each tail with paper off tension End with no tension Activate adhesive

18 3/20/2019

Cervical Support Application: Ligament Correction

Measure and cut I Strip

Position: Forward flexion

Tear paper substrate in the center

Apply 75 - 100% tension directly over the area of pain

End with no tension

Activate adhesive

Cervical Support Application

Completed Application

Cervical Paraspinal Facilitation Y Strip P to D Paper off tension Facilitation

Ligament Correction I Strip 50 – 75% tension

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation

Shoulder instabilities can develop after acute dislocations, chronic subluxation, or long term overuse activities.

This taping technique will assist in reducing edema, pain, and provide proprioceptive stimulus, while re-educating the neuromuscular system of the shoulder.

19 3/20/2019

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation

Begin with the Deltoid Inhibition Application

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation: Mechanical Correction

Measure and cut I Strip

Position: Neutral

Tear paper substrate in center

Apply 50 - 75% tension with inward/downward pressure over AC joint or Humeral head

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation: Functional Correction

Measure and cut I Strip.

Position: Neutral

Anchor with no tension approximately 3-4” superior to AC joint

20 3/20/2019

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation: Functional Correction

Position: 90°shoulder abduction

Apply 50+% tension to end approximately mid way to the head of the Deltoid

End with no tension

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation: Functional Correction

Hold ends in place

Request shoulder adduction

Slide hands to center to smooth and adhere tape

Activate adhesive

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

Shoulder Instability and Subluxation Application

Completed Taping Deltoid Inhibition Y Strip D to P 15 - 25% tension Inhibition

Glenohumeral Mechanical Correction I Strip 50 – 75% tension with inward/downward pressure

Shoulder Functional Correction I Strip 50+% tension

21 3/20/2019

Erector Spinae Muscle Strain, Lumbar Region

Measure and cut I Strip

Position: Lumbar Spine flexion

Tear paper substrate in the center

Apply 25 - 35% tension directly over the region of greatest pain or spasm

End with no tension

Erector Spinae Muscle Strain, Lumbar Star Technique

Measure and cut four I Strips

Tear paper substrate in the center

Erector Spinae Muscle Strain, Lumbar Star Technique

Stretch target tissue as tolerated

Apply 25 - 35% tension directly over target tissue

End with no tension

Activate adhesive

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

22 3/20/2019

Erector Spinae Muscle Strain, Lumbar Star Technique

Change stretch on tissue by varying posture as tolerated

Apply second I Strip with 25 - 35% tension in center of tape

End with no tension

Activate adhesive

Erector Spinae Muscle Strain, Lumbar Star Technique

Position: Flexion and rotation to one side

Apply third I Strip with 25 - 35% tension in center of tape

Apply fourth I Strip with 25 - 35% tension in center of tape

Erector Spinae Muscle Strain, Lumbar Star Technique

Completed Application

Four I Strips

25 - 35% tension in center

23 3/20/2019

Patella Tendonitis/ Tracking

Patella tendonitis and/or tracking will be using two techniques to gain the desired results.

One of the most common conditions taping practitioners utilize.

This taping technique will reduce edema, pain, and allow full ROM, while offering the patient the support they are seeking.

Patella Tendonitis/Tracking Tendon Correction Begin with the Quadriceps Femoris Facilitation Application

Position: request knee flexion to 90 degrees

Measure and cut Y Strip as shown

Anchor of the Y Strip just below the Tibial Tuberosity with no tension Apply tails of Y Strip with 50 - 75% tension around the Patella End with no tension near medial/lateral Vastus muscles Activate Adhesive

Patella Tendonitis/ Tracking

Completed Taping Quadricep Femoris Muscle Facilitation Y Strip P to D 15 - 35% tension Facilitation

Patella Tendon Correction Y Strip 50 - 75% tension

Presenter: Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS, CKTI Physical Therapist & Advanced Credentialed Clinical Instructor

24 3/20/2019

Patella Tendonitis/Tracking Mechanical Correction

Mechanical Correction to create a “Tilting” effect and decreasing pressure on the inferior pole.

Can also be used for tracking by placing the I Strip on the opposite side of the tracking issues. Using a “pushing” effect rather than “pulling” effect as with all other taping techniques.

Can be used on all aspects of knee tracking Posterior, Medial, and Anterior.

Patella Tendonitis/Tracking Mechanical Correction Measure and cut I Strip Position: Neutral Tear paper substrate in the center Apply 50 - 75% tension with inward/downward pressure to inferior pole of the Patella Request knee flexion, maintaining inward pressure throughout movement End with no tension Activate Adhesive

Patella Tendonitis/Tracking Mechanical Correction

Completed Application

I Strip

50 – 75% tension with inward/downward pressure

25 3/20/2019

Case Report: Integrated therapy approach using electrical stimulation, elastic therapeutic tape and exercise on pusher syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect in a right cerebral stroke Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS,CKTI; Devashish Tiwari PT, DPT, NCS, PhD(c)

Background & Purpose • Pusher syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect are commonly observed in patient with right cerebral hemorrhage. • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation has been reported to decrease the unilateral spatial neglect for a short time • There is a caveat in literature on integrated treatment approach using electrical stimulation, elastic therapeutic tape and exercise on patients with pusher syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect. Case Description • History: 72 year old female, who was referred for PT services in an inpatient rehabilitation setting following craniotomy and right frontal intraparenchymal hemorrhage. • Severe left side muscle weakness, poor cognition, poor balance, severe left unilateral spatial neglect and pusher syndrome. • Systems review: Not significant

Case Report: Integrated Therapy Approach Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS,CKTI; Devashish Tiwari PT, DPT, NCS, PhD(c) Clinical Impression (initial) • Left side unilateral spatial neglect, anosognosia and pusher’s syndrome • Alert & oriented x 1, required extended time to respond to commands. • Flaccid upper and lower extremities along with poor trunk control • Modified Ashworth’s scale score = 0 for LUE and LLE. • Manual muscle testing: Left UE was 0/5 and left LE was 1+/5. • Significant difficulty while performing functional transfers and exaggerated trunk extensor activity were observed. Examination • BLS (Burke Latropulsion Scale) was used to measure pusher syndrome. • Scale of contraversive pushing was used to measure pusher syndrome. • Comb and razor test was used to measure unilateral spatial neglect. Clinical Impression #2 • Burke lateropulsion Scale score (17/17) indicated resistance to passive supine rolling, passive postural correction and to assistance during transferring and walking. • Scale of contraversive pushing scores (6/6) indicated diagnosis of pusher syndrome. • Comb and razor test was used to confirm unilateral spatial neglect.

Case Report: Integrated Therapy Approach Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS,CKTI; Devashish Tiwari PT, DPT, NCS, PhD(c) Intervention Therapeutic exercises (Sitting and standing) :To decrease pusher syndrome, improve balance and unilateral spatial neglect Reaching activities forward and to the right side sitting on the edge of the mat with feet on the floor with extensive cues (>90% verbal and >50% tactile and visual). Standing with her back (right side) against the wall while engaged in a conversation and guarded from the left side to prevent falls or excessive lateropulsion. Standing with her back at the corner will walls on both sides Frequency and duration: 10-15 minutes 5 times a week for 2.5 months Mat exercises to improve core strength, balance and bed mobility Long sitting with a exercise ball behind the back Prone on elbows to facilitate neck extension. Quadruped position with exercise ball under the torso for support and proprioception Kneeling with exercise ball in front with elbow and forearm supported on it. Frequency and duration: 2-3 times a week for 2.5 months. Gait training: Using a hemi walker for 2.5 months Maximum assistance x 3 and manual assistance to the left leg for gait initiation. Electrical stimulation: Electrodes on the left side of the neck , upper trapezius, left mid scapular region and left deltoid at 40 mA – 55 mA Frequency and duration:15 minutes x 5 times a week for 2.5 months.

26 3/20/2019

Case Report: Integrated Therapy Approach Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS,CKTI; Devashish Tiwari PT, DPT, NCS, PhD(c) Intervention Taping : (Muscles in stretched position)

Facilitation technique: I strip (25-35% tension) to the left upper trapezius its anchor at the spinous process of C7 and end at the acromion process.

Facilitation of Rectus abdominis with two I strips using 25%-35% tension. Anchors: Medial to the ASIS with no tension and ends were applied at the lower ribs bilaterally.

Case Report: Integrated Therapy Approach Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS,CKTI; Devashish Tiwari PT, DPT, NCS, PhD(c)

Intervention b) Mechanical Correction technique: Two I strips to tape the left subluxed shoulder, 50%-75% tension in the therapeutic zone in downward – inward direction. For the first I strip the anchor was applied below the mid of the clavicleand the end was applied around the spine of the scapula. The second I strip was applied over the AC joint with 50% - 75% downward pressure with anchor and end around it with no tension.

c) Functional correction technique: Left wrist extensors were taped with more then 50% tension through the tape. Anchor was applied at the wrist metacarpal area with no tension. The end was applied on the forearm and a tent was formed. The tape was then activated with her wrist in flexion.

Case Report: Pusher syndrome Deepesh Dani PT, DPT, MS,CKTI; Devashish Tiwari PT, DPT, NCS, PhD(c)

Outcomes Discussion and Conclusion

Table: Outcomes pre to post intervention Parameters Pre-intervention Post-intervention (2.5 •An integrated treatment approach that includes Months) exercises based on principles of neuroplasticity, electrical stimulation and elastic therapeutic Burke lateropulsion scale score taping demonstrated a positive impact on pusher Walking 3 3 syndrome and unilateral spatial neglect. Transfers 3 2 Standing 4 3 •In comb and razor test, the participant was able Sitting 3 2 to comb her hair on the right side after 2.5 Supine 4 2 months. Total Score 17 of 17 12 of 17 •Electrical stimulation using neuro re-ed could be Scale of contraversive pushing (SCP) score useful in increasing body awareness and reducing (standing and sitting) Spontaneous body pushing on the paretic side. posture 10.75 •Taping therapy was useful in maintaining Use of non-paretic possible gains from exercise and electrical extremities stimulation by stimulating proprioceptors. 10.5 •Further research is recommended on this

Resistance to passive integrated treatment approach to establish correction of tilted effectiveness in patients with pusher syndrome posture 1 1 and unilateral spatial neglect. Total Score 6 of 6 4.5 of 6

27 3/20/2019

CONTACT: Deepesh Dani [email protected] (724) 467-0337

1. Maria Amelia Miquelutti, José Guilherme Cecatti. Kinesio Taping for pain control during labor: Protocol of a randomized, controlled trial. Nursing and Health Sciences (2017) DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12321 2. Luiz Henrique Lima de Mattos, Ana Lúcia Miluzzi Yamada, Vitor Hugo dos Santos, Carlos A. Hussni, Celso Antonio Rodrigues, Marcos Jun Watanabe, Ana Liz Garcia Alves. Treatment with Therapeutic bandages to control equine post-Arthroscopic Tibio- Patellofemoral Swelling. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, July 2017, Volume 54, Pages 87–92 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.02.001 3. Huang YC, Chang KH, Liou TH, Cheng CW, Lin LF, Huang SW. Effects of Kinesio taping for stroke patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Rehabil Med. 2017 Mar 6;49(3):208-215. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2197 4. Emrullah Hayta, Nur Mine Umdu. A Randomized Trial to Study The Comparison of Trigger Point Dry Needling Versus Kinesio Taping Technique in Myofascial Pain Syndrome During a 3-Month Follow-Up. Int J Physiother. Vol 3(5), 490-496, October (2016) DOI: 10.15621/ijphy/2016/v3i5/117436 5. Thiago Vilela Lemos, Kelice Cristina Pereira, Carina Celedonio Protassio, Lorrane Barbosa Lucas, Joao Paulo C. Matheus. The effect of Kinesio Taping on handgrip strength. J. Phys. Ther. Sci. 27: 567–570, 2015 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.567

6. Ariel Desjardins-Charbonneau, Jean-Sebastien Roy, Clermont E. Dionne, Francois Desmeules. The Efficacy of Taping for Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, Vol 10, No. 1. August 2015 420-433 PMCID: PMC4527190 7. Kaya Kara O, Atasavun Uysal S, Turker D, Karayazgan S, Gunel MK, Baltaci G. The effects of Kinesio Taping on body functions and activity in unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 2015, 57: 81–88 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12583 8. Hwi-young Cho, Eun-Hye Kim, Junesun Kim, Young Wook Yoon. Kinesio Taping Improves Pain, Range of Motion, and Proprioception in Older Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 94: 192-200. DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000148 9. Sayed A. Tantawy, Dalia M. Kamel. Effect of kinesio taping on pain post laporoscopic abdominal surgery: randomized controlled trial. IJTRR 2015, 4: 5; International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research [E-ISSN: 2278-0343] doi: 10.5455/ijtrr.00000098; 10. Donna Brown, Claire Langdon. Does Kinesio Elastic Therapeutic Taping Decrease Breast Engorgement in Postpartum Women? Clinical Lactation, 2014, 5(2), DOI: 10.1891/2158-0782.5.2.67

28 3/20/2019

11. Maggie C. Griebert, Alan R. Needle, Jennifer McConnell, Thomas W. Kaminski. Lower-leg Kinesio Tape Reduces Rate of Loading in Participants with Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome. Phys Ther Sport. 2016 Mar;18:62-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2014.01.001. Epub 2014 Jan 29. 12. Jung-hoon Lee, Won-gyu Yoo, Mi-hyun Kim, Jae-seop Oh, Kyung-soon Lee, and Jin- tae Han. Effect Of Posterior Pelvic Tilt Taping In Women With Sacroiliac Joint Pain During Active Straight Leg Raising Who Habitually Wore High-Heeled Shoes: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, May 2014, Volume 37, Number 4, 260-268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.01.005 13. Hiroyuki Yamamoto. The Change in Knee Angle during the Gait by Applying Elastic Tape to the Skin. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, Vol. 26 (2014) No. 7 July p. 1075-1077 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1075 14. María Encarnación Aguilar-Ferrándiz, Carmen Moreno-Lorenzo, Guillermo A. Matarán-Peñarrocha, Francisco García-Muro, Ma Carmen García-Ríos, Adelaida María Castro-Sánchez . Effect of a Mixed Kinesio Taping–Compression Technique on Quality of Life and Clinical and Gait Parameters in Postmenopausal Women With Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Volume 95, Issue 7, Pages 1229– 1239, July 2014 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.03.024

15. Woo-Il Kim, Yong-Kyu Choi, Jung-Ho Lee, and Young-Han Park. The Effect of Muscle Facilitation Using Kinesio Taping on Walking and Balance of Stroke Patients. J Phys Ther Sci. Nov 2014; 26(11): 1831–1834. DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1831 16. Marc Campolo, Jenie Babu, Katarzyna Dmochowska, Shiju Scariah, Jincy Varughese. A Comparison of Two Taping Techniques (Kinesio And Mcconnell) and Their Effect on Anterior Knee Pain During Functional Activities. Intl J Sports Physical Therapy, Volume 8, Number 2, April 2013, pp. 105-110 PMCID: PMC3625789 17. Sean Williams, Chris Whatman, Patria A. Hume and Kelly Sheerin. Kinesio Taping in Treatment and Prevention of Sports Injuries: A Meta-Analysis of the Evidence for its Effectiveness. Sports Med. 2012 Feb 1;42(2):153-64. DOI: 10.2165/11594960- 000000000-00000 18. Olivera C. Djordjevic, Danijela Vukicevic, Ljiljana Katunac, Stevan Jovic. Mobilization With Movement And Kinesiotaping Compared With A Supervised Exercise Program For Painful Shoulder: Results Of A Clinical Trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2012;35:454-463. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.07.006. Epub 2012 Aug 24. 19. Yin-Hsin Hsu, Wen-Yin Chen, Hsiu-Chen Lin, Wendy T.J. Wang, Yi-Fen Shih. The effects of taping on scapular kinematics and muscle performance. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, Volume 19, Issue 6 , Pages 1092-1099, December 2009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.11.003

20. J. Gonzalez-Iglesias, C. Franadez de la Penas, J. Cleland, P. Huijbregts and M. Gutierrez-Vega. Short-term effects of cervical kinesio taping on pain and cervical range of motion in patients with acute whiplash injury: a randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Jul;39(7):515-21 doi: 10.2519/jospt.2009.3072 21. Ruth Coopee. Use of “Elastic Taping” in the Treatment of Head and Neck Lymphedema. National Lymphatic Network, Vol. 20 No. 4 - LymphLink Reprint, Archived from October 2008 22. Mark D. Thelen, James A. Dauber, Paul D. Stoneman. Clinical Efficacy of Kinesio® Tape for Shoulder Pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008 Jul;38(7):389-95. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2008.2791. Epub 2008 May 29. 23. Jan Szczegielniak, Jacek Łuniewski, Andrzej Bunio, Katarzyna Bogacz, Zbigniew Śliwiński. The Use Of Kinesio Taping In Patients With Acute Stages Of Bronchial Asthma. Polish Journal of Sports Medicine 2007; 23(6):337-341 24. Audrey Yasukawa, Payal Patel, Charles Sisung. Pilot study: investigating the effects of Kinesio Taping in an acute pediatric rehabilitation setting. Am J Occup Ther. January/February 2006, Volume 60, Number 1, 104-110 PMID: 16541989 25. Ewa Jaraczewska, Carol Long. Kinesio® in Stroke: Improving Functional Use of the Upper Extremity in Hemiplegia. Top Stroke Rehabi 2006;13(3) DOI: 10.1310/33KA- XYE3-QWJB-WGT6

29 3/20/2019