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3 Ht Pu^lished ЬУ the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profR" association) Ukrainian Weekl Vol. Lll No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984 25 cents

CHRIST IS BORN - LET US GLORIFY HIM GssetssaesaG^^

Reflections on President's report profound mystery neglects Ukrainians WASHINGTON - A recent presi­ The Christmas message of the dential report on compliance with the Ukrainian Catholic hierarchy in the 1975 Helsinki Accords on human rights United States of A merica. and security in Europe, which includes a section on the Soviet Union, contains Very Reverend and Reverend Fathers, virtually no references to the rights Members of our Religious Commu­ situation in Ukraine and only a cursory nities, Beloved Faithful in Christ! mention of Ukrainian politic;.! pri­ soners, by far the largest group. Christ is Born! Let us glorify Him! The document, officially titled the With the holy Christmas season 17th Semiannual Report by the Presi­ upon us, let us send our thoughts to dent to the Commission on Security and distant Bethlehem! What awesome Cooperation in Europe, also fails to mystery penetrated that night and detail the plight of the Ukrainian permeated the City of David nearly Helsinki Group, the largest of the five 2,000 years agorlt truly was a "Holy citizens' groups set up to monitor Soviet Night" and a "Silent Night." It was compliance with the accords, which the night foretold by the prophets, were signed by 35 countries. Most anticipated by the patriarchs and just members of the group are serving long people throughout the Old Testa­ terms of imprisonment, a fact ommited ment. This night would forever be from the report, which also did not blessed by all those who would dwell identify individual members of the in that heavenly Jerusalem, for earth group except lor Yuriy Lytvyn and and time would be one with heaven Oleksiy Tykhy, both of whom died this and eternity as the "Eternal God was year while imprisoned. born to deliver all His people." By contrast, the report contains "Christ was born and God became detailed status reports on individual man, 'to unite heaven and earth,' " Helsinki monitors^ from other Soviet our traditional carol resounds. republics, including members of the On that blessed night, "The grace Moscow Helsinki Group, Anatoly of God appeared, offering salvation Shcharansky, Yuri Orlov, Naum Mei- to all men" (Titus 2:11), for uncreat­ man and Yelena Bonner, wife of exiled ed, eternal love came to earth as a activist Dr. Andrei Sakharov. Of the tiny infant for our salvation. few other political prisoners mentioned, The Blessed Virgin Mary, St. none is Ukrainian. Joseph, the shepherds and the kings Although it is referred,to as the from the Orient were eyewitnesses to president's report, the document was "Salvation, which had been prepared actually drafted by the State Depart­ for all people" (Lk. 2:30). Our earth ment. It covers the period of April I to became the dwelling place of the October 1. almighty and eternal God, who came In the area of religious persecution, to us "that all who believe in Him Vasyl Stus reported gravely ill the report does not mention the perse­ may have eternal life" (John 3:15). cution of Ukrainian Churches, includ­ And so it was that heavenly angelic JERSEY CITY. N.J. - Sources in refusing to conduct the visit in Russian. ing the outlawed Ukrainian Catholic choirs sang out jubilantly that night the Soviet Union have confirmed that A highly regarded poet. Mr. Stus. 46. Church. It does focus on the plight of proclaiming: "Glory to God in the imprisoned Ukrainian human-rights previously served a term from 1972 Pentecostals, Baptists, Russian Ortho­ highest and peace on earth." (Lk: activist and poet Vasyl Stus is gravely ill flbkJ979 for "anti-Soviet agitation and dox believers and Jews. Substantial 2:14) with tuberculosis. propaganda." Soon after'his release he attention is also given the persecution of Reflections on this profound mys­ Mr. Stus. who is in labor camp No. joined the Ukrainian Helsinki Group. ;t Jewish refuseniks and cultural activists, tery, wherein the Son of God comes 36-1 in Perm, is said to be running a citi/ins' group set up three years earlier and the spread of official anti-Semitism to earth should strengthen our grati­ constant temperature and experiencing in Kiev to monitor Soviet compliance and anti-Zionism. tude to Christ for, out of love. He chronic pain in his arms and legs Word with the 1975 Helsinki Accords on While the report docs touch on the came to us to bestow hope, life and of Mr. Stus's condition was related by security and human-rights in Europe. Soviet government's policies of Russifi- salvation upon us. The Son of God his friends, who said that they were He was re-arrested for activities con­ cation in the non-Russian republics, the came to show us the way to heaven, worried about his chances of surviving nected with the group. only regions referred to by name are the to happiness, to eternal life. The the harsh winter. Baltic republics of Lithuania, Estonia Child of Bethlehem is a most power - Despite his poor health. Mr. Stus. In addition to tuberculosis. Mr. Stus and Latvia. The Russification of ful sermon of God's abiding love for who in 1980 was sentenced to 10 years is known to suffer from ulcers and a Ukraine, the most populous non-Rus­ us who are sinful and frail. in a labor camp and five years' internal heart ailment. Sources have also re­ sian republic, is not included, however, These reflections should also exile, has been forced to perform ported that he never fully recovered creating the impression that the policy is strengthen evangelical Christian strenuous labor. He was recently denied from a stab wound suffered several limited to the Baltic areas. (Continued on page 9) a visit with his family, who he had not years ago when he was attacked by The report concludes that the over-all seen in four vears. apparently for another.camp inmate. (CoMimwd on pap 10) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984 No. 52 A glimpse of Soviet reality Police break up Solidarity demonstration

WARSAW - The police used teat- shoving. Mr. Walesa, reportedly look­ Top-level meeting in Kiev gas, riot truncheons and smoke gre­ ing disgusted, put his (lowers at the feet nades in Gdansk on December 16 to of the police and withdrew. Mr. Walesa, discusses sociology, politics disperse supporters of the banned who at one point was to have held a Solidarity trade union who tried to news conference, cancelled the meeting by Or. Roman Solchanyk undertaken in the republic with regard memorialize Poles killed while pro­ and went home'. He was described as to "increasing the contribution of the testing food price increases 14 years being upset by the show of police force The continuing Soviet search for a social sciences in solving real, practical ago, reported The New York Times. and concerned about the possibility of more rational basis for the formulation tasks," and "the growing role of socio­ - About 12 people were reported de­ more violence. of political, social and economic logical research in perfecting the tained by police. At the Gdansk memorial liturgy that policies has taken another, step forward practice of party leadership and state 'After a commemorative liturgy at St. preceded the street clashes, the Rev. with the convening of a top:leveI management of social processes." Brigida's Church. Lech Walesa, the Henry Jankowski. an advisor to Mr. meeting in Kiev to discuss the V. 1. Ivanov, director of the Institute founder of the outlawed union, led a Walesa, preached a low-keyed sermon theoretical and applied aspects of of Sociological Research in Moscow, group of 3,000 people, according to an in which he said that "violence, terror sociological research in the USSR. The reported on the findings of various official Polish press agency account, and power are alien to us." meeting, which was held in the research projects throughout the toward the 120-foot high steel mon­ "Our strength is in pure hearts and Ukrainian capital on November 20 and country, including the work being done ument. The monument was built in unfrightened souls," the Times quoted 21, is officially described as a scientific- at the institute on "long-term social memory of the victims of the 1970 him as saying. practical session on questions of the prognoses." shootings during the food protests in development of sociological research, Other speakers included G. N. the Baltic seaport. and brought together Communist Enukidze, the ideological secretary of Behind Mr. Walesa, in the worst Party, government and academic the Georgian party, who discussed the violence in Gdansk in more than seven Polish trade unionist figures from Moscow and various work of the aforementioned public months, several people in the crowd republics. opinion center of the Georgian Central were beaten by policemen who charged wants political role The renewed interest in sociology as a Committee, and Zh. T. Toshchenko, into the throng, the Times said, citing working tool in the hanus. of head of the Department of Ideological eyewitnesses. WARSAW - Bogdan Lis, a leader policymakers has its'immediate origins Work of the Academy of Social The witnesses said at least a dozen of the outlawed Solidarity trade union, in the plenum of the Central Committee Sciences of the CPSU Central'Commit- people were detained. The official said on December 9 that he wanted a of the Communist Party of the Soviet tee, who. focused attention on Polish press agency said "the most political role in Poland's future and Union that was held in June 1983. At "utilization of sociological research aggressive participants in the scuffles would resume contacts with other that time, the present party leader, findings in the practice of party work," were detained, with Andrzej Gwiazda leaders of the banned union, reported Konstantin U. Chernenko, criticized particularly in "the ideological-up­ amoung them." the Christian Science Monitor. the Institute of Sociological Research of bringing process." Mr. Gwiazda is a prominent Solid­ Mr. Lis and a fellow Solidarity the USSR Academy of Sciences for The session in Kiev was in fact an all- arity leader who is less conciliatory in member, Piotr Mierzewski, were re­ various shortcomings and generally for union gathering, attended by style than Mr. Walesa. According to leased from prison on December 8 and having failed to live up to the representatives of the union republics witnesses. Grzegorz Palka. a Solidarity driven to their homes in Gdansk after expectations of the party leadership and oblast and city committees; the leader from Lodz, was also seized. the chief military prosecutor dropped when the institute was formed in the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Both men were among those ar­ treason charges against them. 1960s. Specialized Education; the Central rested after the declaration of martial Mr. Lis was the most important In the same speech, Mr. Chernenko Statistical Administration; the State law in December 1981, and both were advocated the creation of an all-union Committee for Labor and Social union leader kept in Warsaw's Rako- among the Solidarity prisoners re­ wiecka Prison after the general amnesty center for the study of public opinion, Questions; the vice-presidents of the leased in an amnesty last July. which was approved by the plenum and republic academies of sciences; lecturers last July that freed 630 political pri­ reflected in its resolution. of higher educational institutions; the The Times said that Bogdan Lis, the soners and thousands of criminals. One suspects that a major factor in heads of territorial branches of the former Solidarity underground leader Meanwhile, Adam Michnik, the the party's concern about having Soviet Sociological Association; and who was released a week ago as one of Solidarity adviser and social historian, accurate infdrmation regarding the practicing sociologists. the last two prominent detainees freed received an honorary doctorate on mood of the Soviet masses was the It follows an all-union seminar on under the amnesty, also took part in the December 10 from the New School for situation that developed in Poland after problems of studying molding, and protest and had not returned home Social Research. the emergence of the independent trade utilizing public opinion in the activity of some hours later, according to re­ Mr. Michnik, 37, accepted the green- union Solidarity. party committees that was organized by latives. and-white academic hood presented to ' It is certainly not without interest that the Academy of Social Sciences in Witnesses said Mr. Walesa, carrying him by Jonathan F. Fanton, president in an article published in Kommunist at Moscow in March; a republic seminar . a bouquet, walked from the church of the New School, in the living room of the end of 1983, Mr. Cherenenko on "The Practice of Studying Public toward the monument surrounded by Edward Lipinski, the 98-year-old Polish referred once again to the proposed Opinion - on the Level of the Party's union activists who managed to shove social activist. It was in the same center for the study of public opinion, Demands" that was held in Tbilisi in him past the first three police lines. apartment that Mr. Michnik, Jacek noting that "the essence of the problem April; and a scientific-practical The police cordon moved quickly to Kuron and their colleagues formed the is not only to study public opinion but conference on "Ideological Work and cut off the crowd in Mr. Walesa's wake, rfow banned Committee to Defend also to develop it purposefully." Even Ways of Improving It in Light of the the Times said. The demonstrators Workers, better known by its Polish more revealing was an article by T. M. Decisions of the June (1983) Plenum of began pelting the policemen with coins. acronym, KOR, and which acted asan Dzhafarli, deputy head of the Center for the CPSU Central Committee"that was Mr. Walesa and his group were intellectual support group for the the Study, Molding and Prognosis of convened in April in Stavropol. stopped 50 yards further on by a second Solidarity movement. Public Opinion of the Central The choice of venue for the meeting in police line, some distance away from the Mr. Michnik, who spent a total of six Committee of the Georgian SSR party, November is perhaps an indication of monument. The memorial was built at years in detention, was released during in which he stated without reservation the strides being made by the Ukrainian the entranceof the huge Lenin Ship­ last summer's general amnesty. He that: SSR's party leadership in wedding yard with government approval as one attained wide international attention "The Central Committee of Georgia sociology to politics. Thus far, the of the concessions won by Solidarity. through his analytical and often quite is most of all interested in delecting Georgian party has been in the forefront Words were exchanged and witnesses hurrrorous letters smuggled out of opinion that for one reason or another of such activities, having established a said there was more elbowing and some prison and published in many languages. does not conform with the official point Council for the Study of Public Opinion of view, because in such cases it is within the Central Committee in 1975. possible to review the official position In 1981, it was reorganized as the Center critically - from 'sidelines' so to speak for the Study, Molding and Prognosis — to ascertain why the given social of Public Opinion. A similar unit, the group holds a different point of view Center for the Study of Public Opinion Ukrainian Week!Y and to determine whether it had suffi­ and Sociological Research, exists cient and reliable information about within the Azerbaijan Central FOUNDED 1933 those facts concerning which its opinion Committee. Ukrainian weekly newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a was molded." Although numerous oblast Party non-profit association, at ЗО Mgfjjfriery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302. Although the report on the meeting in committees in Ukraine have made use (The Ukrainian Weekly - USPS 570-870) "Kiev is not detailed, it is nonetheless of so-called sociological services for Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. clear that it. too. was primarily quite some time, it was not until 1981 concerned with the practical that steps began to be taken to form a application of sociological research. centralized sociological research unit in The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: Academician P. N. Fedoseyev. for Kiev. At about the same time, sociology (201) 434-0237, 434-0807, 434-3036 (201) 451-2200 example, is said to have placed "special departments were opened at the Kiev emphasis on the realization of the and Kharkiv universities. By the end of Yearly subscription rate: 58, UNA members - 55. prognostic functions of Marxist- 1983. however, the proposed center for Leninist sociology" in his address. sociological study in Kiev was still not a Postmaster, send address changes to: Editor. Rerrja Hadzewycz The Central Committee secretary reality. It may well be that the recent THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Associate editor George Bohdan Zarycky responsible for ideology in Ukraine, O. P.O. Box 346 Assistant editor: Natalia Dmytrijuk meeting in the Ukrainian capital will Jersey City, NJ. 07303 S. Kapto, informed his listeners about provide the necessary stimulus for its the measures currently being creation. ^ No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23,1984 :, і 3 Soviet defector returns to USSR WASHINGTON - A young Soviet ment meeting, but added that he didn't Religion in Soviet bloc: soldier who defected in Afghanistan 18 "think that in the view of those people months ago has decided to return to the who spoke with him there was any thriving despite repression Soviet Union from the United States, question regarding his ability to make reported The New York Times. an independent judgement." JERSEY CITY. N.J. - Religious sort of organized religious instruc­ The State Department said on De­ When Mr. Ryzhkov arrived in the persecution in the USSR and other tion for children, such as Sunday cember 17 that it was satisfied he made United States a year ago, he held a news East-bloc states appears in various schools, is strictly prohibited. But, at the decision voluntarily. conference in New York in which he forms, but, despite official scorn and the same time, the state does require Soviet Embassy officials brought 20- denounced what he called "the dirty harassment, religion seems to be courses in "scientific atheism" in high year-old Nikolai Ryzhkov to the State war" being waged by the Soviet Union thriving in the Soviet Union, accord­ school and college curricula. ing to recent reports in The Christian Department on the morning of Decem­ in Afghanistan. In an interview with a Communist ber 17, and American officials ques­ Mikhail Makarenko, a former Soviet Science Monitor and American Le­ gion Magazine. Party publication. Soviet Minister of tioned him about his decision. dissident who lives in Washington, said Education M. A. Prokifiev said. Alan D. Romberg, a State Depart­ he last saw Mr. Ryzhkov on Thursday, Vernon Pizer. a veteran journalist writing in the magazine, noted that in "The development of atheist convic­ ment spokesman, said later, "We have December 13. He said the young defec­ tions and views, of an irreconcilable held a meeting in the State Department tor handed him his car keys and said, "1 Hungary, for example, where chil­ dren must apply to the state for attitude toward religious ideology with Ryzhkov at which he declared that can't live any longer in this country." and religious morals, is a most he wished to return to the Soviet Union, Mr. Makarenko. speaking through permission to receive religious in­ struction, in as late as 1957, almost 90 important, integral part of the work and that he made the decision volunta­ an interpreter, added: "I don't think he of general secondary schools in rily." left because he wanted to leave, but percent of Hungarian school chil­ dren were enrolled. Three years later forming a Communist outlook on" Mikhail Lysenko, a spokesman forthe because of the fact that people didn't let the part of students." Soviet Embassy, said Mr. Ryzhkov,one him live in. America. He was forced 11 the registration shrank to less than 10 of two Soviet Army privates who times in the course of a year to change percent of the student population, At a school in Lithuania, a predo­ deserted from their military construc­ his place of residence an4 seven times to noted Mr. Pizer. minantly Roman Catholic Soviet re­ tion unit in Afghanistan in June 1983, change his place of work." In Czechoslovakia, the Vatican public, recently some pupils read ex­ came to the e'mbassy recently to ask for Marina Evdochenko-Wells of Ar­ was denied permission to appoint cerpts from a book ridiculing the help in returning home. J „ lington, Va., who said that both young bishops to 10 of the nation's 13 Bible, reported the Monitor. The other defector was Aleksandr defectors had visited her family regular­ Catholics dioceses because authori­ Others then performed skits about Voronov, who lives in the Washington ly, said on December 17 that she did not ties would allow only clerics who drunken monks. The event was an area and was reported by friends to be believe Mr. Ryzhkov was returning were "politically acceptable" to the "atheist evening," part of the in­ distraught over Mr. Ryzhkov's action. willingly. regime. doctrination process. "Mr. Ryzhkov asked the embassy to "The Nikolai I know talked about In Albania, a predominantly The father of one of the students, arrange his return home and he plans to how glad he was to be out of the Soviet Moslem country until the Commu­ said the Monitor, had misgivings, do this." Mr. Lysenko told reporters. Union," she said. "He never mentioned nist takeover, authorities simply do not because he objected to the dis­ "He is a Soviet citizen and he wants to any desire to go back. They did some­ not allow mosques or churches to paragement of religion, but because go back home. It was his personal thing to him. I know it." remain open. he was concerned that theevent decision." Mrs. Evdochenko-Wells said that Throughout the Soviet Union, would serve to stir up interest in the Mr. Romberg said he had no details of Mr. Voronov "fell apart when he heard Jews are prohibited from maintain­ subject. who was present at the State Depart­ what Nikolai had done.". ing a central religious body, publish­ "Why do we not wait patiently for ing religious literature, conducting the natural demise of the Church?" he social welfare programs or operating asked. kosher restraurants. Only a dozen The reply, given in a recent issue of Helsinki Watch report focuses rabbis are permitted .to minister to the newspaper Teachers' Gazette, the country's 3 million Jews, he was that religion is not "voluntarily continued. losing its position." Moreover, the on terror in Afghanistan The USSR's Moslems - which newspapers stated, because "we NEW YORK - A report on human compliance with the human-rights form the world's fourth largest cannot hope that religious beliefs are rights :n Afghanistan asserts that a provisions of the 1975 Helsinki Accords: Moslem nation - are forbidden dying a natural death, we must campa.^n of organized terror, torture, The group described the document, from holding Shariyat, the religious struggle with religion today." imprisc/nment and execution has been which was issued December 17. as "the courts which form an integral part At a Russian Orthodox church on under way since Soviet troops invaded first comprehensive account of human- of Moslem life. Virtually no Islamic the outskirts of Moscow, on a recent the country five years ago, reported The rights violations in Afghanistan" since publications are permitted. Also, Sunday, for example, a number of New York Jimes. the Soviet invasion in December 1979. every Moslem believer's goal is to young people found the church so The 212-page report. "Tears. Blood "For five years now." the report says, make a pilgrimage to Mecca before crowded there was no seating avai­ and Cries." was prepared by Helsinki "in their remote mountainous land, the he dies, but the USSR permits only lable. They vowed to return another Watch, a group founded to promote people of Afghanistan have been de­ about 40 to make the pilgrimage each day. said the Monitor. fending their independence, their year, wrote the journalist. One young Russian man said, culture and their very existence in a And in Ukraine, he continued. "The Church is not dying out. It is desperate battle with one of the world's Soviet efforts to covert Catholics to growing." Albania persecutes great super-powers. Yet the inherent Orthodoxy have sent people "under­ drama of such a confrontation does not ground" with their faith in order to Young Communists react appear to have captured the world's avoid slave labor camps. practicing faithful imagination." Similar events may have prompted The report describes its findings as a Lenin and religion the first secretary of the Moscow LONDON - Albanians who prac­ compilation of accounts by "a handful Young Communist League to say at tice their religion or who criticize the of intrepid scholars, doctors and The reason for the widespread a recent gathering, "The atheist government are serving long sentences journalists who have taken the risk of persecution of religions in the Soviet education of the young needs to be in labor camps. Amnesty International 'going inside.' " Union is Lenin's revolutionary tenet considerably improved. The effec­ said on December 12. In addition, the Helsinki Watch staff. that religion "is the opium of the tiveness of atheistic propaganda According to a story by Reuters, the ' interviewed more than 100 Afghans in people," according to the Monitor. remains insufficient." international human-rights group just- refugee camps at Quetta and Peshawar Early revolutionaries held that reli­ Evidence of interest in religion is released a report titled "Albania: Politi­ in Pakistan. gion would ebb away as commtuiism. also appearing among the ranks the cal Prisoners and the Law." It said that "From our interviews." the report which met all the material and?piri- Soviet military. Communists of the suspects are routinely beaten to force says, "it soon became clear that just tual needs of the populace, took its Armed Forces, the political journal confessions and are denied the right to about every conceivable human^itights place. of the Soviet military, has reported legal counsel. violation is occurring in Afghanistan, Accordingly, the Communist that some soldiers are carrying prayer "Trials have generally been conclud­ and on an enormous scale. leadership has come to see religion as books while in uniform. Others, it ed within a day and Amnesty Interna­ "The crimes of indiscriminate war­ one of the barometers of the success said, had objected to carrying arms tional knows of no political trial in fare are combined with the worst ex­ of communism, and they have creat­ on religious grounds and had worked which the defendant was acquitted." it cesses of unbridled, state-sanctioned ed numerous regulations that restrict out arrangements with commanding said. violence against civilians." the report religious practices. officers so they could avoid doingso. The report said official information asserts. "The ruthless savagery in the Ever)' church must register with Officers, the magazine said, should .and evidence from former camp in­ countryside is matched by the subjec­ the government and gain official not enter into such collaborations. mates suggested that there are thou­ tion of a terrorized urban population to approval to hold services, and small There was a need, it concluded, to sands of political prisoners. arbitrary arrest, torture, imprisonment informal group meetings in homes actively discourage religious beliefs Many of the prisoners were charged and execution." are outlawed. Baptisms and church by recruits. with religious activity, punishable by ГЬе Helsinki Watch report also cites weddings, while permitted, have no Nevertheless, Pravda has listed penalties ranging from a minimum of If! гцігпйп-nghts violations'by the Afghan iegal status. specific regions where concern over years' imprisonment to death, she insurgents, including the torture and But the most strenuous efforts are religion is f reatest. These include the report said. Religious institutions in execution of prisoners of war and directed toward depriving the Church Lviv area, the Russian cities Ryazan Albania, which is 70 percent Moslem. attack;, on civilian targets. of future believers through indoc­ and Vladimir, and the republicsvof 20 percent -Albanian Orthodox and 10 "Some such practices appear to he trination of all Soviet young people Lithuania. Turkmenistan and Ar- percent Roman Cath'olic, weie out­ widespread, white others are occa­ in atheism, said the Monitor. Anv lawed completely in ;96?. sional, -he report says. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984 . No. 52

Effective Media Relations by Andrij Bilyk Ukrainian Week!Y P.O. Box 9653, Alexandria, Va. 22304 Media says food is weapon in Ethiopia Christmas The famine in Ethiopia provides us friends and urge them to listen to and with yet another opportunity to talk voice their opinion oh the talk show as about the 7 million Ukrainians who well. were deliberately starved to death by If you don't do it, who will? Christmas has traditionally been a time for giving. As God gave the Stalin six years before he signed the pact (We've said it before in this column, world the gift of his only Son, so Christians exchange gifts with family with Hitler that started World War II. as we'll say it again, the media does not members and friends. Yet this custom, nice as it is, means little if we as Some thoughts on how to approach ignore Ukraine or Ukrainians; in most individuals do not contribute something more to our community or the media are listed below. First, cases it accurately reports who we are. society as a whole. Just as Jesus came to assuage mankind's fears, however, some background and genera­ Until recently, our media "image" has uplift our spirits and deliver us to a better world, so we must humbly lizations. been that we are dancers, pysanka help assuage our fellow man's fears, lift his spirits and help create a With every passing day, the 1983-85 makers and kitchen artists - but that's better world for ourselves and our children. famine in Ethiopia is beginning to because that's how we presented our­ Unfortunately, there are many of us who are content merely with the resemble the 1932-33 famine in Ukraine. selves. In the past two years, we've annual symbolic act of giving Christmas presents. For as many others, Though the causes of the Ethiopian begun to change our stereotype — and the media has responded with more even this act is corrupted by ulterior motives such as impressing others famine are more complex than Stalin's ruthless attempt to bring Ukraine to her "positive" coverage. But our increased with our generosity or expecting something in return. All too often in knees, the fact is, hundreds of thou­ local and national "exposure" is a our consumer-oriented society, parents lavish Christmas gifts on sands of Ethiopians are not getting the double-edged sword. For example. . children only to practice benign neglect during the year. Or husbands food they need because they are in many in Washington are very give wives expensive baubles only to ignore their spouses for the rest of disfavor with the. country's rulers. aware that Ukrainians marched on the the year. This is'certainly not the spirit of the season. It's only been in the past three weeks Soviet Embassy two years in a row and There are also those, particularly among the young, who are that the Ethiopian famine has received that one of the marches was in comme­ unwilling to give thefr time, money or effort to help their neighbors, "prime-time" media attention. Some of moration of the 50th anniversary of the their community, their church. Many have been caught up in the cycle this attention has been sparked by visits "forgotten holocaust." Some are wonder­ to Ethiopia of celebrities and politi­ ing - out loud — why they haven4 of conspicuous consumption and status-seeking that makes it- 1 somehow more important to spend money on a new BMW or cians,' like Sen. Edward Kennedy, and heard about Ukrainians getting into the Caribbean vacation than on heating a church. These are the same Washington, D.C. Mayor Marion act to help the starving Ethiopians). people who would never think of sacrificing their leisure time to Barry. Ethiopia is more fortunate than Ukraine. Being less controlled, the The network journalists teaching Saturday school or working for a charity. Nor would they reporters, celebrities and politicians will take time out on weekends to visit the sick or the elderly in nursing be spared the "Potemkin" village treat­ Two network journalists need our homes. ment that reporters and foreign ministers special thanks and support. One is In our own Ukrainian community suffice it to say that far too few received from Stalin when they went to Bonnie Anderson of NBC. She broke younger people have shown the same selfless dedication and spirit of see if the rumors of a famine in Ukraine the food-as-a-weapon story on NBC volunteerism that their parents or grandparents did in social or were true. News two weeks ago. Fresh from a first­ religious work aimed at enriching the community. Though late in coming, media (and hand look at Ethiopia, and still in shock To some extent, this is a traditional aspect of assimilation. The celebrity) attention, t.o Ethiopia is from what she had seen, Ms. Anderson children of immigrants, though usually economically better off than welcome indeed. As Ukrainians, (though reported that Ethiopian dissidents, we abhor it) we can take some measure their parents, have always devoted less time, energy and resources to living in the province of Eritrea, had told of satisfaction in seeing and hearing her they were not'receiving emergency the preservation of the culture of the "old country." Ukrainians have newspaper, radio and television re­ food rations. The reason: they wanted actually been more successful than most in maintaining their customs porters beginning to say that food can their independence from Ethiopia, and traditions. How much longer they will be able to do so depends on — and is — being used as a political currently controlled by a Marxist the measure of giving the newer generations are willing to display. weapon. government. So this Christmas, each and every one of us, and especially the Certainly these reports enhance our Furthermore, she said, the U.S. State young adults in our community, should consider the true meaning of credibility, which we put on the line Department admitted that it could not Christmas. We should resolve to share ourselves, our talents and our when we marched on the Soviet Em­ send aid directly to the Eritreans because understanding with our Ukrainian community, our neighbors, as well bassy oh October 2, 1983, and again on that might stir up a diplomatic storm. as with the larger brotherhood of man. September 16, 1984. (In their regard the Ethiopian dissidents Not all reporters, however, are saying are a lot like Ukrainians - they сапЧ that "food is being used as a weapon in get aid because they have no diplomatic Ethiopia. And except for a columnist or portfolio). two, there hasn't been any comparison between what's going on in Ethiopia Last week, John Blackstone reported and what happened in Ukraine in 1932- on CBS Evening News that "it is now 33. - clear that food has become another However,, no one is denying the weapon in Ethiopia's 23-year-old civil famine in Ethiopia, and some reporters war." He, too, should be told about are digging out the food-as-a-weapon Ukraine. Write to him at story - just like some (e.g. Malcolm In a front-page story, the Washington Muggeridge) reported 52 years ago that Post told the story of the Ethiopian 7 million Ukrainians starved to death famine from the point of view of because the government witheld food. children. They are the famine's first These reporters need our help to tell victims. They die in greater numbers the story of this, the 20th century's (three-fourths of the dead are children). second genocide by famine. They need They are scarred for life. our help in two ways. First, they need to Scarred for life also are the children understand that what's happening in in Ukraine (now in their 50s and 60s Ethiopia, happened in Ukraine. So with children and grandchildren of their wtjen you hear, see, or read a news story own) who survived the genocide by about the famine in Ethiopia, note famine of the 1930s. Some 3 or 4 million down who the reporter is — and send children died in the Ukrainian famine. him or hef a short note in which you And how many millions were never draw some parallels between Ukraine born? and Ethiopia. The second way to help these re­ Target the dissidents porters is to give their stories credibility by writing supporting letters to the Certainly we have a right and an editor c/o their newspapers, television obligation to talk about what "the and radio stations. forgotten holocaust" has cost Ukraine If you hear the famine in Ethiopia'1 and her people. And the Ethiopian being discussed on a talk show, listen to famine provides us with a legitimate

зЯЯВВЯІтяШ it. Think of aquestion or statement that forum. ties in Ukraine and use the telephone to Some Ukrainian communities are voice your opinion. Also, call your (Continued on page 10) No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23,1984 ' 5 . Recent trends in Soviet policy towards non-Russian printed media

by Roman Szporluk Kocaoglu has drawn attention to the that in 1981, while there was just about 1982: the Ukrainians, the Kazakhs, the substantial decline in recent years the same number of copies of Georgian- Azeris and the Tajiks. Uzbek-, Geor­ PARTI (1981-84) in the number of printed and Estonian-language newspapers gian" and Moldavian-language journals copies of literary journals in the non- printed (101.5 and 100.1 percent, res­ remained stagnant in terms of print Introduction Russian languages. He summarizes his. pectively) and the circulation of Uzbek- runs, and the circulation of the Esto­ findings thus: language newspapers rose,by3 percent. nian-language journals grew only slight­ Since the middle of the 1970s, expan­ "The leading native-language journals As for journals, four nationalities lost ly less than that of the Russian-language sion of the press of the major non- of five of the six Muslim republics and in absolute terms between 1975 and (Continued on page 11) Russian nationalities in the USSR — of the two non-Russian Slav republics that is. the 14 union-republic nationali­ (Ukraine and Byelorussia) have under­ ties and the Tatars - has slowed down gone considerable reductions in their TABLE 1 dramatically. In a number of cases there print runs, while those of the Armenian, has been an absolute decline in the Georgian and three Baltic republics THE UNION REPUBLIC NATIONALITIES AND THE TATARS ACCORD­ number of copies of non-Russian news­ have registered gains in numbers of ING TO 1970 AND 1979 CENSUSES (in thousands) , papers and journals printed in 1980 (or copies printed...In contrast, the print 1982) as compared with that in 1975. runs of the Russian-language literary 1970 - 1979 1979 as ЧЬ of 1970 This development is puzzling in light journals of the six Muslim republics Russians 129,015 137,397 106.5 of demographic trends in the USSR and have increased, while the Russian- Ukrainians 40,753 42,3/7 103.9 also because it contrasts sharply with language literary journals of Armenia Uzbeks 9,195 12,456 135.5 the rapid growth of the non-Russian and Georgia have recorded declines in Byelorussian 9,052 9,463 104.5 press in the first half of the 1970s and, their print runs over the same period." Kazakhs 5,299 6,556 123.7 indeed, in the entire post-Stalin era. In seeking an explanation for these Tatars 5,931 6.317 . 106.5 An examination of the available data developments, Mr. Kocaoglu reasonably Azeris 4.380 5,477 125.0 suggests that what is happening may be dismisses a shortage of paper as a cause, Armenians 3.559 4,151 116.6 a reflection of new Soviet policies since not all journals have suffered Georgians . 3.245 . 3,571 110.0 adopted in the mid-1970s towards the equally and since some of the Russian- Moldavians 2.698. . 2,968 110.0 printed media in the languages of the language journals published in Moscow Tajiks 2.136 2,898 135.7 non-Russian nationalities. have registered significant gains. He Lithuanians - 2,665 . 2,851 107.0 A scholar on Soviet nationality mentions as another possible explana­ Turkmen 1.525 2.028 133.0 affairs, Timur Kocaoglu. has noted in a tion a (voluntary) drop in readership Kirghiz 1.452 1.906 131.3 Radio Liberty study that in recent years but appears to find' this also uncon­ Latvians 1.430 1.439 100.6 there has been a decline in the circular vincing. Estonians 1.007 1.020 101.3 tion ol literary periodicals published in Mr. Kocaoglu is especially puzzled by- USSR Total 241.720 262,085 108.4 the languages of the union and auto­ the situation with respect to publica­ nomous republics. Soviet sources pro­ tions in the Muslim republics, where Source: Naselenie SSSR po dannym Vsesoyuznoi perepisi naseleniya 1979 goda. vide ample evidence indicating that this demographic trends would suggesj the Moscow. 1980. pp. 23-24. decline is by no means limited to the opposite ol what has actually occurred. Note: All figures in'this and other tables indicating percentage changes were calculated by category of literary journals alone. Yet, in those republics, not only have the author. The first part of this essay draws on the periodicals in the local languages relevant Soviet statistics to provide a declined, but those published in Russian TABLE 2 broader if far from complete - have gained substantially. He con­ picture of the circulation of the Russian- cludes, among other things, that "the language press and of the press published CIRCULATION' OF NEWSPAPERS IN RUSSIAN AND SELECTED NON- steep rise" in the distribution of these RUSSIAN LANGUAGES IN 1970 AND 1975 in languages of selected other Soviet Russian journals indicates that "Mos­ nationalities. cow is.pushing towards a wider circular 1970 1975 1975 as' , of 1970 The'second part of the essay proposes tion of the local Russian-language 105.646 127.618 120.8 an explanation for the developments Russian literary journals in those republics." 16,347 121.5 that are summarized in the first part. It Ukrainian 13.455 The data presented in Tables 5 and 6 3.516 і 30.1 argues that in the mid-1970s the Soviet Uzbek 2.703 show that a distinct push towards wider 110.7 icgime adopted a policy of promoting Byelorussian 1.529 1.693 circulation of the Russian-language 110.9 unrestricted growth of the Russian- Kazakh 1.593 IJ66 press and a corresponding reduction in 778 106.7 language press and of gradually restrict­ Tatar 703 the circulation of the press in the non- 1.740 2,298 132.1 ing the circulation of periodicals in Azeri Russian languages are by no means 1.152 ' 1.508 130.9 languages other than Russian. This Armenian limited to literary periodicals and that 2.571 2.679 104.2 policy is set forth' in resolutions Georgian this push began at least five years earlier 108.7 promulgated by what is known in the Moldavian 1.121 H219 than suggested'by Mr. Kocaoglu - that 129.9 USSR as direktivnye organy, a term Tajik 643 835 is, in about 1976. The data are for the 44.1 that usually refers to the Politburo or Lithuanian 1.876 1.765 most part self-explanatory, but some і IS. 1 the Secretariat of the Central Commit­ Turkmen . 513 606 special points of interest should be 734 131.8 tee of the Communist Party of the Kirghiz 557 noted. 113.8 Soviet Union. (CPSU). The organiza­ Latvian 929 1.057 Between 1975 and 1982, the number Estonian " 901 990 109.9 tion charged with implementing this of copies of newspapers declined in policy is the USSR Ministry of Com­ absolute terms for the following of 'in thousands .of copies per issu munication and its agency for dissemi­ those Soviet nationalities examined in nation of the press. Soyuzpechat. Most this paper: Ukrainian, Byelorussian, Source: Pechat SSR v 1970 godu. Moscow. 1971; Pechai SSSR . l975godu. Moscow. of the information presented in the Kazakh, Tatar, Azeri, Armenian, Mol­ 1975. second part of the essay is derived from davian and Tajik. the official publication of the Main Newspapers in the languages of three TABLE 3 Administration for the Dissemination nationalities — the Georgians, the of the Press, which is titled Rasprostra- . Kirghiz and the Estonians - registered CIRCULATION' OF JOURNALS IN RUSSIAN AND SELECTED NON- nenie pechati and appears monthly. an increase in print runs of 3 percent, RUSSIAN LANGUAGES IN 1970 and 1975 The third part of the essay views which is about half the rate of growth policy towards the press in the broader (6.9 percent) attained by the Russian- 1970 1975 1975 as 9fc of 1970 framework of Soviet nationalities poli­ language newspapers.' Only four na­ Russian 109,600 128,254 117.0 cies and concerns. For obvious reasons, tionalities increased their newspaper Ukrainian 7,162 8,976 125.3 this can be done in summary form only; circulations at a faster rate than the Uzbek 2.722 3.701 136.0 even so, however, a clear connection Russians: the Uzbeks, Lithuanians, Byelorussian 749 1.007 134.4 can be established between the larger Turkmen and Latvians. Kazakh 1.380 1,684 122.0 aims of the regime, on the one hand, and From 1981 to 1982, the Russian-. Tatar 533 1,010 189.5 the practical moves it is making, on the language newspapers, which were Azeri 866 1.072 123.8 other. While a considerable amount of available through subscription without Armenian 510 607 119.0 literature on Soviet nationality policies limitations, registered a decline of 1 Georgian 764 934 122.3 exists, relatively little has been written percent in their circulation. Moldavian 477 620 130.0 about how the USSR actually imple­ " The print-runs of newspapers in the Tajik 331 474 143.2 ments its ideas - with the major languages of the following nine non- Lithuanian 1.432 1.646 114.9 exception of the educational sphere, Russian nationalities, however, de­ Turkmen 256 354 138.3 particularly the'teaching of Russian. clined somewhat more than that in the Kirghiz 326 445 136.5 The essay, thus, defines a neglected but same period: Ukrainian, Byelorussian, Latvian 974 1,286 132.0 potentially fruitful area oLinquiry. Kaaakhr-Даегі, ArmeniaTU-Moldavian, Estonian 522 611 117.0 Tajik, Turkmen and Kirghiz. 'in thousands of copies per issue Statistics In 1982, the number of copies of Tatar-, Lithuanian" and Latvian- Source: Pechat SSSR v 1970godu, Moscow, 1971: Pechat SSSR v !975godu, Moscow. In the study referred to above, Mr. language newspapers also fell short of 1976. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984, No. 52

work b\ Dr. Volodimir Bandcra of stigious Juilliard School of Music in Temple University.) New York. He was on the faculty of But Conductor Budnyj was especially Juilliard. the Chautauqua School of generous: his efforts included an exact Music, and Columbia University all in identification of Ukrainian carols that the years 1935-47. Buketoff used. These Mr. Budnyj pen­ His record as conductor is impres­ ned down carefully measure for mea­ sive: Broadway companies on tours in sure into Buketoffs score complete with America and Europe (1947-48): Fort their Ukrainian sources. These skillful Wayne Philharmonic Orchestra (1948- and exact identifications will be used 1966) and, most noteably. Young ^Lll ^-^ii ..іїлііі'іиій gratefully in this study. People's Concerts with the New York Maestro Budnyj. no doubt, must Philharmonic (1948-53). He was guest have thought highly of Buketoff's conductor of various symphony or­ Christmas Fantasy efforts. Hfs original letterto me. penned chestras in Europe; North and South April 9. 1967. supports this: "For your America and led the Iceland State "Christmas — t/ris day shall change all griefs and quarrels into love. " collection 'Ukrainian Themes in. World Symphony (1964-65). — Shakespeare Music' I am sending you. with pleasure. Buketoff was founder and chairman Igor Buketoff's 'Christmas Fantasy on Part I mixed voices, a cappella. (A piano part of the World Music Bank from its Carols from the Ukraine/This, without inception in 1957. and the artistic is supplied but is intended for re­ doubt, is an interesting item, because American composers, who' use hearsal only.) director of the St. Paul Opera As­ the composer availed himself of the sociation (from 1968). He recorded for Ukrainian material, usually title such The melodies Buketoff arranged are music idioms of our Christmas and New compositions so lhat the national ancient Ukrainian folk carols. Their the CRI and RCA record labels.. Year's carols but arranged them in his Buketoff is the recipient of numerous identity in question is unmistakcahlc. original texts were either remade by own way. The title 'Fantasy'also gave One thinks of Quincy Porter's "Ukrai­ Buketoff or. as in one case, were trans­ awards and distinctions: an honorary him a right to insert something of his doctorate from the Bax Society, several nian Suite"for string orchestra. Nicolai lated. At the works beginning, the own. namely in the works conclusion." Berezowskv's "Christmas Festival composer notes that the "words were Alice M. Ditson awrds and grants. Most recently he served in the post of Overture: Ukrainian Noel" for sym­ adapted by Igor Buketoff." Biographical close-up phony orchestra, or "Carol of the Bells Buketofl's Fantasy runs into 22 pages director of the International Con­ temporary Music Exchange Inc.. New (Ukrainian Carol)" for chorus. English in its 1946 printing by the giant music Before we look more closely at the version by Peter Wilhousky. as-based company. G. Schirmer Inc.. which York City. on the New Year'scarol "Shehediyk"b\ Fantasy itself, a few words about its Buketoff's letter to me. which sup­ through the years has been putting out creator are in order. Igor .Buketoff is Mykola l.contovych. also other Ukrainian material. Despite plements his biography and comments primarily known as a symphony con­ on his Ukrainian Christmas Fantasy, This list may be enlarged easily. One acclaim and the prestige of the Schirmer ductor. His credentials are numerous should also note thai in Ruropean music house, no performances or recordings will be printed in the conclusion of this and they are still being counted as study. Ukrainian material is not always treated of the Buketoff Fantasy are taking place Buketoff is still in the midst of musical this carefully, and in numerous in­ a puz/іе to say the least. life. The conclusion of this column will stances much identification work is Born in 1915 in Hartford Conn.. required. appear in two weeks, in the January б Conductor Budnyj Buketoff was educated at the pre­ Weekly. Buketoff's effort The musician whom I must credit generously for calling my attention to One little known opus that certainly Buketoff's Ukrainian work is conductor CHRISTMAS GREETINGS belongs to the group of American works VVsewolod B. Budnyj. generally known cited above is Igor Buketoff's "Christ­ in New Jersey, especially in the Newark- mas Fantasy on Carols fronv the Irvington area. (Subsequently. I was Ukraine"in G Minor for a full chorus of also urged to investigate the Buketoff

, Octavo No. 9607 Christmas Fantasy on Carols from the Ukraine For Full Chorus of Mixed Voices a cappella

Words adapted by Igor Buketoff Igor Buketoff

Soprano

Alto

Calm is the sight, snow- у and white, elar- ry and bright. j"fo Vivace J:ies

To all our dear readers, heartfelt wishes tor a joyous Christmas sea­ son. "The tone Is to b - The Ukrainian Weekly editors and staffr First page of Buketoff's work with the familiar "Shchedrvk" motif (see arrows). No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984 ^

Panorama of Ukrainian culture in the Big Apple І „ by Helen Perozak Smindak - ,,

The Christmas season celebrate Christmas according to the informing them that "our people in an array of soloists, including Mykola Gregorian calendar have scheduled Ukraine are not free to celebrate Christ­ Deychakiwsky, Mark Farion, Andriy Beginning in mid-December and solemn high liturgies for midnight on mas." Leaflets will be distributed to Kytasty, Petro Kytasty, Lisa Klymenko, stretching almost to the end of January, December 24 and divine liturgies for the passers-by and a spokesperson will Roman Lewycky, Volodymyr Luciw, a bevy of Yuletide events and programs morning of December 25. They are St. deliver a commentary at intervals. The and Tania Vovk-Riabokin. The concert brighten and cheer the Big Apple's president of the branch is Yaroslav to be held in New York's famous Town Ukrainian community. Kuzenczak. ' The Ukrainian Museum's Christ­ " "Carol of the Bells" continues to mas tree ornament workshops had a ring out merrily through department phenomenal response from residents of stores, on radio programs, on TV (the all five boroughs and Westchester background music for Andre Cham­ County. The museum was inundated by pagne's spots), at Radio City Music calls and regretfully turned away some Hall's Maginificent Christmas Specta­ prospective registrants after news of the Mary Protectress Church. 97-06 87th cular" shows and at the South Street crafts sessions appeared in the pfess, in St., Ozone Park (pastor, the Rev. Dr. Seaport's holiday season concerts^ particularly The New York Times, Vasyl Boysak); the Annunication of the presented weeknights. Saturdays and which listed the workshops in its De­ Blessed Virgin Mary Church, 48-26 cember 6 calendar on handmade toys 171st St., Fresh Meadows, Queens Hall at 3 p.m., is expected to attract and games, and repeated the informa­ (pastor, Msgr. Emil Manastersky): and throngs of New Yorkers and suburba­ tion the following day in the Friday St. Nicholas Church. 261 19th St.. nites. The Ukrainian National Associa­ Weekender Guide. Those who were for­ Brooklyn (p3stor. the Rt.Rev.Januarius tion is the sponsor of this concert tunate to attend craft programs on De­ Izzo). organized by the Society of Ukrainian cember 8.9, 15 or Ібюок homeamedley " The lights on two Christmas trees Sundays by a group of over 80 singers. Bandurists. of Ukrainian-style tree ornaments — which will twinkle on lower Second ' As this Panorama column is being ' Adding luster to the holiday sea- angels, stars, mobiles, clowns and Avenue through January 19 will be prepared, the Ukrainian Institute of son: a demonstration of reverse glass- animals fashioned from straw, foil, turned on this weekend. The New York America is holding its second "Christ- painting by Yaroslava Surmach Mills paper, cardboard, wire, nutshells and Regional Council of the Ukrainian mas Around the World" celebration, on December 5 in the Citicorp Atrium, colored ribbons. A decorated Christ­ mas tree and a modern version of a 17th century traveling puppet theater, the creation of artist Slava Gerulak, were on display to give everyone the Christ­ mas spirit. The Christmas workshops were coordinated by I.ubov Wolynetz, who is in charge of the museum's educational program, and the decorat­ ing craft was taught by Maria Jacuszko and her daughter Roma Jacuszko, Natalie Duma, Ela Panchak andChry- styna Pevny. Olha Gnoj assisted with preparations. " As a thank-you to the museum's sponsors, patrons and benefactors, the board of directors held a special Christ­ mas party on December 16 for those who have contributed sums of S500 and more to the museum. Dr. Bohdan Cymbalist), who heads the board of directors, expressed gratitude to the contributors for their aid. As tokens of Christmas card designed by Petro Cholodny for the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences. appreciation, each supporter received a National Women's League of America print of a work by Jacques Hnizdovsky featuring the Christmas customs and scheduled its traditional lighting cere­ part of a holiday program conceiu-d by or Arcadia Olenska-Petryshyn. The foods of several ethnic groups. The mony for December 22 at 4 p.m. Planned the Museum of American Folk Art; Promin vocal ensemble, led by Boh- Christmas tree in the institute's lobby, for the program: a brief talk on Ukrai­ the dancing of 12-year-old NinaBachin- danna Wolansky, entertained the festive decorated last Saturday by Ukrainian nian Christmas customs by council ska as Pulcinclla in the New York Cit\ gathering. Later, guests were welcomed students, welcomed guests attending the to a festive buffet. The repast was president Lydia Magun, recitations by Ballet's December production of "Nut­ prepared by a committee chaired by Natalia Mitringa, Eugenia Rubchak cracker:" Paul Plishka's performances Maria Danysh. and Theodora Bryttan, and a Ukrainian at the Metropolitan Opera in "Simon Boccanegra," and works of sculptor ' On December 15, St. Nicholas carol songfest. A sign alongside the lighted tree, on the second-floor bal­ Alexander Archipenko. on uew through paid his annual visits to the Plast Home December 30 at the Forum Gallerv, on the corner of Second Avenue and cony at 108 Second A ve., proclaims that it is.dedicated to Ukrainian women 1018 Madison Ave. The CBS-TV nev^ Ninth Street and the SUM-A quarters a on December 18 featured consumer few doors away, distributing gifts and imprisoned in the Soviet Union. Today's ceremonies in front of the Ukrainian expert Joan Hamburg with suggestions goodies to all the youngsters. The day's December 15 get-together of the New for holiday shopping that included lasts activities at the Plast Home centered I thermion Front Home. 136 Second Avc., beginning at 2 p.m., are spon­ York branch of the Ukrainian En­ hams from the Kurowycky Meat on a Christmas playlet. "On St. gineers' Society. Among those present Market at 124 First Ave. An exhibi; ol Nicholas Night." presented by the sored by the Women's Association for the Defense of Four Freedoms for were George Bazylevsky, national youngest Plast members and a Christ­ president; Volodymyr Pysariwsky. mas bazaar organized by the female Ukraine. Maria Lozynskyj will open the program, which will include addresses branch president, and New York model Plast members. The SUM-A program, Jeanette Schaefcrs. During the evening. presented by students of the School of by Daria Stepaniak in Ukrainian and Roksolana Lozynsky in English, and Taras Hrycaj read Christmas poems and prose, and guests sang carols of the caroling by the children oft he School of works by painter-sculptor Mark Shub Ukrainian Studies. A sign beside ahe piano accompaniment of Ivan Zajac. Lubomyr Kaiynych was the master ot from Ukraine, including a new sculp­ tree on the second-floor balcony will tell ture of -Taras Shevchenko. will run passers-by that it is dedicated to the ceremonies. Other December programs at the institute include the December 22 through December 30 at the Ukrainian mfre children of Ukrainian dissidents held in Artists Association gallerv, 136 Second Soviet prisons. evening of folk music and Christmas carol singing, featuring tenor Edward A\e. The show is sponsored by the ^p ' At 11 a.m. tomorrow, some 25 to Evanko, and the Young Professionals association and the Shevchenko Scien­ Ukrainian Studies, featured recitations, 30 members of New York's Michnow- New Year's Eve celebration on Decem­ tific Socictv. Christmas carols and a Christmas play. sky Ukrainian Student Association will ber 29. " Pastor Volodymyr Sauchuk will gather on the steps of St. Patrick's officiate at the Christmas services of the Cathedral. Carrying a large star on a " Next Saturday's gala concert of Ukrainian Baptist Church of New York pole in the fashion of Ukrainian "ko- over 120 young bandurists will feature at I p.m. today. The Church is located liadnyky" in the old country, they will at 151 Noble St. in Brooklyn's Green- provide a two-hour program of carols. point section. According to Michael Halatyn, the t Two Ukrainian Catholic parishes carolers are intent on acquainting the in Queens and one in Brooklyn which public with Ukrainian traditions and THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984 No. 52

the Ukrainian-American community as and greatly enhanced flight safety and Petrenko receives NASA award a member of The Washington Group mission success during the Space Shuttle and Ukrainian National Association Space Transportation System program. WASHINGTON - In recognition of tor for NASA, addressed the ceremony, Branch 15. In recognition of these achievements his contributions in support of the stressing that safety in the space pro­ The Silver Snoopy certificate pre­ and as a token of our special thanks the Space Shuttle program. Orest Petrenko gram is the result ofdedicated, innova­ sented to Mr. Petrenko and signed by astronaut team presents the Astronaut's was awarded NASA's "Silver Snoopy" tive, hard-working people" associated Astronaut O'Connor reads: Personal Achievement award to Orest award. In a ceremony at the Goddard with the space programs. Peter Bra­ "In appreciation for professionalism, Petrenko, STS Mission Teletype News Space Flight Center on December 7, cken, director of mission operations for dedication and outstanding support Service. Silver Snoopy Award." Mr. Petrenko received the award on Goddard, and Dr. Noel Hinners, direc­ behalf of the STS Mission Teletype tor of theGoddard Space Flight Center, News Service from Astronaut Bryan also addressed the crowded auditorium. O'Connor., Mr. Petrenko is the staffing admi­ Ukrainians among art finalists The coveted award is part of the nistrator of Spaceflight Tracking and Manned Flight Awareness program of Data Network (STDN) Programs for HAMTRAMCK, Mich. Thefina- tramck, headquarters of the Bank of NASA begun in the early days of the Bendix Field Engineering Corp. lists of the Ethno-Art '84 Michigan art Commerce. manned space missions. The program During Space Shuttle missions, he competition announced recently by Six of the competition's entries were was designed to develop a strong go­ heads the STS Mission Teletype New Carl R. Weinert, president of the selected for purchase and permanent vernment/industry team spirit in pro­ Service for Goddard under contract sponsoring Bank of Commerce, in­ display in the Bank's main lobby. The moting the safety of astronauts and arrangements. It was for that service cluded four Ukrainians, Jerome Kozak, works of all Ethno-Art '84 finalists were other employees in the manned pro­ that Mr. Petrenko and his team received Yuri Krus, Dzvinka Hayda and Andrew on special exhibit at the Hamtramck gram. the award. Kushnir. Public Library gallery on November 15 The Silver Snoopy has been awarded Employed at Bendix for over eight For the fourth consecutive year more to December 17. annually for the past six years. Less years, Mr. Petrenko works on the than 280 works from artists around the than 1 percent of the workforce from tracking and data relay of the Shuttle. state were entered in Ethno-Art. a The Bank of Commerce, and the government and industry on the manned In that position he has responsibility for competition designed to celebrate the State Bank of Fraser are members of space program receive this award. tracking stations throughout the world. cultural diversity of Metropolitan Commerce Bancorp Inc.. which operates Robert Aller, associate administra- Mr. Petrenko is also actively involved in Detroit, particularly the city of Ham- 11 locations in Detroit area. BWfiGasfis^^ ^5Й^5Й55^й^5Й^Й^5Й55Й5г^5Й55Й^5й55^

" CHRISTMAS GREETINGS TO BENEFACTORS OF SEMINARY ENDOWMENT FUND OUR WARMEST GREETINGS FOR CHRISTMAS and

BEST WISHES for the NEW YEAR TO ALL

WALTER. MARY and MARK DUSHNYCK

COLLEGIANS STUDYING FOR PRIESTHOOD ігаге^їгїтаїгя^гаїгагатазгїгсто'ята^згаетз Eighteen young men Irom throughout the Inncd States and Canada, presently studying lor the priesthood at St Basil College Seminary in Stamford. CT pose with seminary staff as well as MERRY CHRISTMAS 8 Bishop Basil Losten. Bishop of Stamford. From left to rigth: Rev John Terleckv. Dean of Men. Paul Wolensky 11st year. St Vladimir's. Edwardsville. РЛІ. Mark Morozowich (3rd year. St. and 3 John the Baptist. McKcesport. PA). John Naradko(2nd year. St Nicholas. St. Clair. PA). John Wirchniansky (?rd vear. St Michael's. Yonkcrs. NY). Joseph S/upa (2nd vear. Holy Ghost. HAPPY NEW YEAR 4 Chester. PA). Nestor Iwasiw (1st year. St. Nicholas. Philadelphia. PA). Christopher Jubinski FROM OUR FAMILY TO YOURS! Я (3rd year. St Anne's. Warnngion. PA1. Rev Msgr Peter Skrincosky. Rector. Theodore Re?nowski (1st year. Holy Family. Winnipeg. Manitoba. Can.). Bishop Basil of Stamford, Thanks to our many Supporters all over the U.S. і Canada д VJNi,chola s l.osten(2nd year. St Nicholas. Wilrpmgton. DE). John Gribik (4th year. Protection of We appreciate your vote ol confidence m our first endeavor. Щ the Most Holy Mother of God. ford City. PA). Michael Palko (2nd year. Nativity of the Most j Holy Mother ol God. Middleport. PA). John Michalczyk (3rd year. Annunciation of the Most ALEX SON PUBLISHING, Inc. 9 Holy Mother ol God. Philadelphia. PA). Philip Weiner (3rd year, St. Michael. Pottstown. PA), \ 685 Rockwood Dr. (i John Ciurpita (4th year, St. John the Baptist. Whippany. NJ). Ihor Midzak (3rd year, Christ the \ Akron, Ohio 44313 King, Philadelphia. PA). George Bo/io (3rd year. Holy Transfiguration. Denver. CO). Taras , Hankewich. (3rd vear. Cathedral. Philadelphia. PA). Rev. Basil Juli. Spiritual Director. Pavlo і Hayda (3rd year. Protection of the Most Holy Mother of God. Bridgeport. CT). \ ф^-і. Our sincere wishes lor loyous and traditional from Bishop Basil, Clergy. Staff and Seminarians of St. Basil College. ' JwL Christmas Holiday ш'ЖЬ- '0! sl1 memDer !hc',r families ana friends ENDOWMENT - over 5700,000 received, over 5200,000 pledged and over 5150,000 in last wills ! -ЦВДрБ ol tne

SAINT BASIL'S GOLLEGE ENDOWMENT FUND Ukrainian Institute of America, Inc. I 161 GLENBROOK ROAD, STAMFORD, CT. 04902 ХРИСТОСРОЖЦАЄТЬСЯ' СЛАВІТЕЙОГО' ЇЬ^5^5Й55^ЇЇ^5Й55^^5^5Й5ЇЙ^5^5Ї^5Й^ Board of Directors of UIA

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MERRY CHRISTMAS and J4 HAPPY NEW YEAR To all our Members and Friends to all its members of Ukrainian descent we extend greetings tor from a Merry Christmas TEAMSTER LOCAL UNION 104 and a Happy New Year Transport 6 local Delivery Drivers W яеп and Helpers local Union No 104 an affiliate of Board of Directors The International Brotherhood of T. Chauffeurs Warehousemen S Helpers of America 1450 Soulh 27th Avenue u Photon Алголі 85009 'SELF RELIANCE" UX.) Federal Credit Union ANTHONY C. LOCK. Secretory Treasurer MAURICE F. NELSON. Recording Secretary JACK D. RANDOLPH. President VIRGIL D. HUNT.Trustee 558 Summit Avenue " Jercey City. NJ. 07306 " Tel.: (201) 795-4061 DANNY D. MILLS, Vice President STEVE 0. MARTINEZ. Trustee Open Mon.-Fri. 6 to 8 p.m.. Sat. 10 to 12 a.m. MANUEL R. PETTIGREW. Sr.. Trustee ЩфіФіФіьл am ттіФФФФб m іш JUI es an is es md No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23,1984

Reflections on ММВЯНМШИШІ (Continued from page I) PETER JAREMA FUNERAL HOME, INC. peace in our hearts and souls, in our families, in our organizations, our Church and our nation. The angels Merry Christmas and Happy New Year ^ h sang out: "Peace to those of good from the Jarema ГипегаІ Home . dgiЩ will" (Lk. 2:14). Insure and Son PETER and EMPLOYEES -^Г^ On this feast of the birth of the Savior of the world, the "entire be sure. 129 East 7th Street New York. NY. 10009 universe rejoices," yet the carol echoing this refrain will not be sung today in the land of our forefathers. For in our beloved and ever-re­ membered Ukraine, the civil rights W W II MYSTERIES (Part 3 of 4) of our brothers and sisters have been ^^^^^^^^^^^^sfca^i' downtrodden. A modern Herod "I want that poet from Amerika - bred in atheistic Moscow continues even it you turn Lemberg upside down!' WE WISH his assault on the life of the Christ- Mueller (Berlin, 1942) a MERRY CHRISTMAS Child in the hearts of the faithful. This Gestapo chief was "elimination Public worship is forbidden them. specialist for Communist problems". and The doors of their churches are After WWII he vanished, but not A HAPPY NEW YEAR closed. Persecution is the lot of those to South America. who would dare come to pay homage to all our Friends and Clients Jj to the newborn King. The joyful bells VLESSIANA PO Box 422, orchestra "GAMM A" K of Christmas will not be rung Dublin, Ohio 43017 throughout Ukraine this morn; they BOHDAN MATKIWSKY (201)374-1494 I! have been silenced. And so we pray to the Infant of Bethlehem to hasten Я^^^^^^^^^^^^Й^ЇЙк the day of liberty and freedom for our Church and nation behind the Iron Curtain. This is our fervent Christmas wish for our brethren in Ukraine. And you, our beloved ones in the ВЕСЕЛИХ СВЯТ РІЗДВА ХРИСТОВОГО Lord, we, your bishops, pray that the peace of Christ ever dwell among ТА ЩАСЛИВОГО НОВОГО РОКУ you. Celebrate this Christmas in joy, in love and in peace, with God in your hearts, with hope that the divine БАЖАЮТЬ ВАМ ВСІ Savior will fulfill the fondest yearn­ ings of our families, our Church and УКРАЇНСЬКІ КООПЕРАТИВИ В АМЕРИЦІ our nation. May your holy days be blessed! Christ is born! Given this Ninth Day of December, 1984.

Most Rev. Stephen Sulyk Metropolitan-Archbishop of Philadelphia

Most Rev. Innocent Lotocky, OSBM Bishop of St. Nicholas in Chicago

Most Rev. Basil H. Losten Bishop of Stamford

Most Rev. Robert M. Moskal MERRY CHRISTMAS AND A HAPPY NEW YEAR! Bishop of St. Josaphat in Parma FROM ALL THE UKRAINIAN CREDIT UNIONS IN AMERICA

HELP WANTED Baltimore, MD Kenltworth, NJ 'Loraln, OH Trenton, NJ 239 S. Broadway 21231 735 Vernon Ave. 07033 2430 E. 28th St. 44055 981 S. Broad St. (301)732-3062 (201) 245-5104 (216) 277-7985 P. O. Box 668 08604 (609)695-1043 ,;!\ Buffalo, NY Kerhonkson, NY 'Canton, OH 562 Genesee SI. 14204 P. O. Box 231 12^46 1418 34th St.. NE 44714 Warren, Ml 26601 Ryan Rd. GOVERNMENT JOBS. (716) 852-9267 (914) 626-2938 N (216) 455-8894 P. O. Box 1201 48090 Chester, PA Lot Angeles, CA 515,000 - S50.000/ year possible. Passalc, NJ (313) 757-1980 3015 W. Third SI. 19013 4315 Mel rose Ave. 90029 229 Hope Ave. 07055 All occupations. For info call: -Detroit, Ml (215) 874-1530 (714) 995-0158 (201) 473-5965 4641 Martin St. 805-687-6000 Ext R-6900. Chicago, IL Milwaukee, Wl Philadelphia, PA 2351 W. Chicago Ave. 60622 808 Washington St. 53204 1729CottmanAve. 19111 (313) 843-5411 (312) 489-0520 (414)647-2950 (215) 725-4430 "Hamlremck, Ml 3022 Canlfl COMPANION AID 'Chicago, IL Minneapolis, MN Pittsburgh, PA 5000 N. Cumberland Rd. 60656 301 Main St. N. E. 55413 P.O. Box 251 15230 ЦЩ 875-9610 sleep in Manhattan, N.Y., 5100.00 for (612) 379-4969 'Palatine, IL (412) 884-2229 Warren, Ml Friday 3 PM to Sunday З PM, for a time, 755 S. Benton St. 60067 New York, NY Phoenix, AZ 26791 Ryan Rd. 48091 this hours can not be ctianged.Must speak, 108 Second Ave. 10003 -Addlson, IL 1153E. Montebello (313) 756-3300 write English clearly, must be over 40. (212) 473-7310 Clr. No. 4 85014 22 W. 347 Army Trail Rd. 60101 'Detroit, Ml Call Roz (212) 679-0500 New York, NY (602) 264-1899 7346 Michigan Ave. 48210 -Рвіоз Pork. IL P.O. Box 160 Rochester, NY (313)841-2390 8410 W. 131St St. 60464 Cooper Station 10276 831 Joseph Ave. 14621 'Hamlramck, Ml 'Munster, IN (212) 533-2980 (716) 544-9518 CHOIR 11838 Jos. Campau ЗД212 8624 White Oak St. 46321 Newark, NJ Scranton, PA 734 Sanford Ave. 07106 (313) 891-4100 DIRECTOR/CANTOR Cleveland, OH 440 Wyoming Ave. 18503 (201) 373-7839 Washington, D.C. 4436 State St. 44109 (717) 342-0937 NEEDED North Miami, FL South Bound Brook, N J P.O. Box 11113 20008 (216) 741-9040 Sts. Peter a Paul Ukrainian 11790BiscayneBlvd 33181 P. O. Box 375 08880 (202) 363-3964 Orthodox Church Hartford, CT (305) 868-4242 ' (201) 469-9085 West Roxbury, MA Youngstown. Ohio, U.S.A 961 Wethersfield Ave. 06114 Parma, OH Syracuse, NY P.O. Box 18S 02132-0185 (203)247-4714 6108 State Rd. 44134 1317W. FayetteSt. 13204 (617) 325-4192 Jersey City, NJ Applicants must be fluent in (216)884-9111 (315)471-4074 Yonkers, NY 558 Summit Ave. 07306 301 Palisade Ave. 10703 English S Ukrainian. For further (201) 795-4061 (914) 965-8560 information call: 'Branch Offices TED SENEDIAK (216) 799-4582 .V J J x-.r X - 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1984 No. 52 Cenko "do good" fund established PHILADELPHIA -TheSt. Sophia of the monies will be allocated to MAKAR'S JEWELRY Religious Association recently already existing St. Sophia programs STORE 8. SHOP established a "do good" fund in the and the remaining 25 percent will be memory of Wolodymyra Cenko. allocated to new programs. The council 2022 Morris Avenue m Union. N. J. 07083 Known as the Cenko "Dobro also announced that detailed (201) 686-1931 Tworyty" Fund, it will be managed by a information concerning grant Wide variety of holiday gifts seven-member council including: Dr. applications will be published in the Gold watches discounted 3096 Roman Osinchuk, chairman. Sister M. Ukrainian press in the spring of 1985. 0 Nadia Barusewycz, Mstyslaw The idea for the fund was initiated by Chains, rings, earrings, etc. discounted 2Q Zo Dolnyckyj, Mr. J. Holowchak, Mr. M. Dr. Mykola Cenko and his son Dr. ш Diamond rings and, earrings Kawka, Dr. W. Klish and Dr. R. Alexis Cenko, who wished to ш A large selection of jewelry made of 14 and 18 carat gold, silver and enamel, crafted Nawrockyj. The group will meet twice a establish a fund to perpetuate the to your specifications or in our own designs, a Ukrainian tryzubs (tridents) in various styles and sizes, year and distribute the accumulated generosity and memory of their beloved a Bulk orders are accepted from shops as well as individuals. interest to subsidize "qualified and wife and mother. a During the holiday season, we are open until 9 p.m. every night and Sundays 11-4 p.m. worthwhile projects." a PRICES ARE VERY REASONABLE According to the council, 75 percent President's... мммшимммншиммі (Continued from page 1) Media says... Soviet performance in the field of (Continued from page 4) human rights "continued a deplorable NOTICE already sending food to Ethiopia. We decline throughout the six-month re­ should send the cans of food we collect view period." To Secretaries and Organizers to the dissidents who are fighting for The report's ommission of the situa­ their independence. We should call tion in Ukraine and the paucity of Of the UNA press conferences in our cities to tell the information about other non-Russian media what we are doing and why. republics has raised the concern of By targetting the Ethiopian dissi­ some human-rights activists in the West The 1984 Membership Campaign ends Decem­ dents, we will continue to remind the who feel that the U.S. government and ber ЗІ, 1984 therefore we will accept applications of new world that 52 years ago, the same thing the media pay far too much attention to members only to December 31, 1984 ' happened in Ukraine. events in the centers of Moscow and We will support you in your media Leningrad, while ignoring other areas We urge you to make every effort to fulfill yourquota efforts. For media advice call Andrij of the USSR. and mail in your applications early enough to reach the Bilyk, (703) 370-1805. Reacting to the report, a rights Upcoming: an opportunity to resur­ activist in Washington who did not Home Office by December 31, 1984 rect Mazepa. want to be identified said it created the false impression that "there is virtually no dissent outside of Moscow and UNA HOME OFFICE Leningrad," while ignoring "active and Read widespread national" and human-rights The Weekly movements in Ukraine and other re­ publics."

Канадська Canadian NOTICE Фундація Foundation for To UNA Members Українських Ukrainian Студій Studies and Branches Members and Branches of the Ukrainian National As­ Box 205. 1068 Homer Street. Vancouver. B.C V6B 4W9 sociation are hereby notified that with the ending of its fiscal year the Home office of UNA must close its accounts ENCYCLOPEDIA OF UKRAINE m English and deposit in banks all money received from Now Available Branches Volume 1 (A-F) has been released and encompasses 968 pages of vital information on Ukraine, its people and its diaspora - over 450 No Later Than Noon illustrations, 83 maps, including a large fold-out map of Ukraine with a 32-page gazetteer. of December 31, 1984 Orders received before December 31. 1984. price per volume is S90; Money received later cannot be credited to 1984 thereafter, price per volume is Si 15. When ordering, please add S4.50 per Therefore we appeal to all members of the UNA to pay volume for shipping charges. their dues this month as soon as possible and all Branches to remit their accounts and money in time to be received Please detach and mail by the Home Office no later than noon of MONDAY ORDER FORM DECEMBER 31, 1984. Please send me. copy(sXi?S90 Notice is hereby given that Branches which send their dues late will be shown as delinquent and in arrears on the 4- 4.50 per volume shipping charges S. annual report. Cheque or Money Order enclosed U (Outside Canada, prices in U.S. funds) Total

Name (print) UNA Home Office

Street

A VALUABLE CHRISTMAS GIFT 8 BAZAAR ITEM! UKRAINIAN COOKBOOKS in ENGLISH 1. SELECTED UKRAINIAN RECIPES for the Winter Season 2. SELECTED UKRAINIAN RECIPES for Spring 8 Summer each volume S8.50 plus S1.00 postage/handling for each Orders: 10-19 receive a 10"^ discount - tvi is X Orders 20 Ь up receive 204 discount \ pH l -' ?iease make checks tc: Ukrainian National Women's League of America. Згчлсп 12 Mai! :t Midtown і avem (UNWLA. Br. 12) 1354 Snow Чоасі, Parma. OH 44134 w її і -f fcrr No. 52 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23,1984 11

the liquidation of 13 Ukrainian-lan­ should be noted that the process of ties. (Dividing the figures in Table I by Recent trends... guage journals, bringing their total discontinuing journals has been accom­ those in Table 7 gives a fairly good idea (Continued from page 5) down from 63 in 1975 to 50 in 1982. panied by a similar narrowing of the of how few journals the Ukrainians journals. The only truly significant Since journals are started and stopped number of Ukrainian-language books have had in relation to the population growth in print runs was registered by in the USSR on the basis of decisions by published.) size of their nationality.) By 1982, the the Lithuanian", Tatar-, Turkmen-, the highest political authorities, the Considering the number of Ukrai­ use of the Ukrainian language in Soviet Kirghiz- and Latvian-language jour­ discontinuation of about 20 percent of nians in the USSR, the Ukrainian journals was even more limited. nals. the Ukrainian-language journals in journal press was, even in 1975, quite The statistics for the period from What seems to be a "phenomenal " such a short span of time is significant. underdeveloped in comparison not only 1975 to 1982 might be elaborated on in increase in the circulation of Byelo­ (Though the subject of book publishing with the Russian press but also with the greater detail, but what is important to^ russian journals is deceptive: in reality, is beyond the scope of this paper, it presses of most other Soviet nationali­ (Continued on page 12) the print runs of all Byelorussian- larfguage journals - with one notably TABLE 5 important exception — declined between 1975 and 1982, some by as much as a CIRCULATION' OF NEWSPAPERS IN RUSSIAN AND SELECTED NON-RUSSIAN LANGUAGES 1975-1982 half of their level in 1975.' This catastro­ phic loss has, though, tended to be 1975 1980 1980 as 1981 1981 as 1982 1982 as 1982 as hidden by the expansion of the number percent of percent of percent of percent of of copies of Rabotnitsa і sialanka 1975 1980 1981 1975 (Woman Worker and Woman Pea­ Russian 127,618 135,281 106.0 137,855 101.9 136,457 98.9 106.9 sant), whose circulation surged from Ukrainian 16,347 15,659 95.8 15,505 99.0 14.996 96.7 91.7 some 500,000 copies in 1975 to 1,159.000 Uzbek 3,516 3,875 110.2 3,860 99.6 3.985 103.2 113.3 copies per issue in 1982. (In 1983, its Byelorussian 1.693 1,611 95.1 1,566 97.2 1.488 95.0 87.8 circulation grew further to 1.3 million.) Kazakh 1 .'766 1.772 100.3 1,869 105.4 1,753 93.7 99.2 The Byelorussian women's journal is a Tatar 778 812 „ 104.4 769 94.7 761 .99.0 97.8 special case, however. It may owe its Azeri 2,298 . 2,248 97.8 2,248 100.0 2.154 95.8 93.7 tremendous circulation to the circum­ Armenian 1.508 1,520 100.7 1,519 99.9 1,467 96.5 97.2 stance that its fashion and design section Georgian 2.679 2,989 111.5 2,726 91.2 2.768 101.5 103.3 is published in Russian. Moldavian 1,219 1,212 99.4 1,203 99.3 1.145 95.5 93.9 The situation of the non-Russian Tajik 1.508 1,520 100.7 1,519 99.9 1,467 96.5 97.2 journals can be seen to have deteriorated Lithuanian 1,765 1,863 105.5 1,903 102.1 1,893 99.4 107.2 greatly between 1981 and 1982. While Turkmen 606 775 127.9 820 105.8 771 94.0 127.2 the print runs of the Russian-language Kirghiz 734 768 104.6 770 100.3 759 98.6 103.4 journals grew by close to 4 percent in Latvian 1.057 1,167 110.4 1,181 101.2 1.178 99.7 111.4 this time, the circulation of journals of Estonian 990 1,005 101.5 1,021 101.6 1,022 100.1 103.2 the following nine non-Russian nationalities declined in absolute terms 'thousands of copies per issue. during the same period: Ukrainian, Uzbek, Tatar, Azeri, Armenian, Geor­ Source: Pechat SSSR, issues for 1975. 1980, 1981 and 1982, Moscow. 1976, 1981-1983. gian, Tajik, Kirghiz and Estonian. Of the journals in the other six languages considered here, those in TABLE 6 Latvian remained virtually unchanged, while those in Byelorussian, Lithuanian, CIRCULATION' OF JOURNALS IN RUSSIAN AND SELECTED NON-RUSSIAN LANGUAGES 1975-1982 Moldavian and Turkmen increased at (or slightly above) the rate of increase of 1975 1980 1980 as 1981 1981 as 1982 1982 as 1982 as the Russian-language journals. Finally, percent of percent of percent of percent of the print-runs of the Kazakh-language 1975 1980 1981 1975 journals jumped by 14 percent. (Even Russian 128,254 140,269 109.3 133,505 95.1 138,524 103.7 108.0 so, fewer copies of them were printed in Ukrainian 8,976 8,953 99.7 9,093 106.5 8,089 88.9 90. r- 1982 than in 1975.) Uzbek 3,701 3,815 103.0 3,815 100.0 3,725 97.6 100.6 Table 7 shows that the Russian- Byelorussian 1,007 1,430 142.0 1,447 101.8 1,493 103. і 148.2 language journals added 81 new titles to Kazakh 1,684 1,844 109.5 1,459 79.1 1,667 114.2 98.9 the 929 publications of 1975 and the Tatar 1,010 637 63.1 1,182 185.6 1,111 94.0 110.0 Georgian-language journals five to their Azeri 1,072 1,000 93.2 977 97.7 934 95.5 87.1 earlier total of 22. while in most of the Armenian 607 559 92.0 573 102.5 529 92.3 87.1 other languages only one or two new Georgian 934 990 105.9 994 100.4 954 95.9 102.1 journals appeared. The remarkable Moldavian 620 608 98.1 622 1Q2.3 646 103.9 104.2 exception to this over-all picture was Tajik 474 433 91.3 436 100.6 418 95.8 88.1 Lithuanian 1,696 1,756 106.6 1,796 102.2 1,874 104.3 113.8 1. Some examples will illustrate the Turkmen 354 414 116.9 414 100.0 433 104.6 122.3 dramatic decline of Byelorussian magazines Kirghiz 455 546 120.0 552 101.1 540 97.8 118.7 between 1975 and 1983 (the latest year for Latvian 1,286 1,393 108.3 1,406 100.9 1,416 100.7 110.1 which official figures are available): Vozhyk. Estonian 611 656 107.4 664 101.2 658 99.1 107.7 journaf of humor, from 255.000-275,000 to 130.000; the children's magazines Blarozka and Viasiolka. from 35,000-36.000 and 'thousands of copies per issue. 111,000-117.000 to 15,000 and 71.000, Source: Pechat SSSR. issues for 1975, 1980, 1981 and 1982, Moscow, 1976. 1981-1983 respectively, and so on.

TABLE 4 TABLE 7

JOURNALS IN RUSSIAN AND SELECTED NON-RUSSIAN LANGUAGES JOURNALS IN RUSSIAN AND SELECTED NON-RUSSIAN LANGUAGES IN 1970 AND 1975 1975-1982

Gain/or Loss 1975 1982 Gain (or loss) ' 1970 1975 1970-1975 Russian 929 1.010 81 Russian 822 929 107 Ukrainian 63 50 -13 Ukrainian 63 63 Uzbek 19 20 1 Uzbek 18 19 Byelorussian 17 18 1 Byelorussian 17 17 Kazakh 14 16 2 Kazakh 12 14 Tatar 6 7 1 Tatar 6 6 Azeri 23 23 - Azeri 23 23 Armenian 21 23 2 Armenian 29 21 Georgian 22 27 5 Georgian 18 22 Moldavian 12 13 1 Moldavian 11 12 Tajik 8 9 1 Tajik 7 8 Lithuanian 23 25 2 Lithuanian 23 23 Turkmen 8 9 1 Turkmen 8 8 Kirghiz 9 10 1 Kirghiz 7 9 Latvian 19 21 2 Latvian 18 19 Estonian 18 19 1 Estonian 18 18

Source: Pechat SSSR v 1970 godu Siatisiicheskie materialy, Moscow. І97І; Pechat SSSR v 1975 godu Statisticheskie materialy. Moscow. 1976. Source: Pechat SSSR. issues for 1975, 1980. 1981 and 1982. Moscow, 1976,1981-1983. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. DECEMBER 23, 1984 No. 52

шштштжк---- PREVIEW OF EVENTS 1 Thursday, December 27 Chronicler in Alexander Pushkin's Saturday, January 5 'Boris Godunov' and Ivan Franko's WASHINGTON: A panel on "U- 'Ivan Vyshenskyj.'" Assya Humesky, TUCSON, Ariz.: St. Michael's U- krarnian Literature in a Comparative^ University of Michigan; "The Return krainian Catholic Church will hold a Perspective" will be presented here of a Symbol: Shevchenko's'Kateryna' traditional'Ukrainian Christmas during the annual meeting of the in Contemporary Ukrainian Litera­ dinner at St. Cyril's Hall, Pima and American Association ol Teachers of ture," Jaroslav Rozumnyj, Univer­ Swan streets, at 6 p.m. The menu will Slavic and East European languages sity of Manitoba; "Writer in Exile: feature traditional Ukrainian fare, that is being held Thursday through Conflicts and Themes in Ukrainian and the program includes a raffle. Saturday, December. 27-29, at the and Spanish Writers in Argentina," The donation is S6.50: all proceeds Mayflower Hotel, 1127 Connecticut Olena Saciuk, Universidad Inter benefit the church building fund. For Ave., NW. The panel is scheduled to Americana de Puerto Rico. information call Vickv. (602) 325- A UNA take place at 1:15 to 3:15 p.m. in the 6812. Pennsylvania Room. Martha Kuchar PLEASE NOTE: Preview items insurance policy of Columbia College will chair the Saturday, December 29 must be received one week before session; Albert Kipa of Muhlenberg desired date of publication. No is an investment College will serve as secretary. MAPI.EWOOD, N.J.: For the con­ information will be taken over the The panel will feature the follow­ venience of the Ukrainian residents phone. Preview items will be publish­ in the ing presentations: of the Mapiewood/Newark area. ed only once (please note desired date "Tymko (Tomasz) Padura and the Holy Ascension Ukrainian Ortho­ of publication). All items'arepublish­ Ukrainian 'Ukrainian School' in 19th-century dox Church in Maplewood will ed at the discretion of the editorial Polish Literature," Zenon Kuk, sponsor a chartered bus for the staff and in accordance with available University of Toledo; "The Monk as Ukrainian Bandura Concert at Town space. community Hall, New York City. The bus will PREVIEW OF EVENTS, a listing depart from the church parking lot at of Ukrainian community events open 1:30 p.m. Tickets are S6 round trip to the public, is a service provided and may be purchased by phoning free of charge by The Weekly to the the Holy Ascension rectory at (201) Ukrainian community. To have an HOLIDAY SEASON at SOYUZIVKA 763-3932. event listed, in this"column, please send information (type of event, Monday, December 24, 1984 NEW YORK: The Young Profes­ date, time, place, admission, spon­ jfвсілихi Cfa m HOLY SUPPER sionals of the Ukrainian Institute of sor, etc.), along with the phone including the traditional 12 courses America will hold a New Year's Gala number of a person who may be a! 9 p.m. to 2a.m. at the institute. 2 E. reached during daytime hours for ol the Ukrainian Christmas meal. 79th St. The semiformal affair will During and after Supper - Caroling additional information, to: PRE­ feature dancing to the music of the VIEW OF EVENTS, The Ukrainian Saturday, December 29, 1984 Iskra band, refreshments and a cash Weekly, 30 Montgomery St., Jersev bar. Donation: S20. MISS SOYUZIVKA 1985 PAGEANT City, N.J. 07302. CONCERT - International Entertainer -ALEX" - newspapers. Even more dramatic was DANCE - NOVA KHVYLIA from Toronto Recent trends... the growth of the print runs of non- (Continued from page 11) Russian journals in 1970-75 (sec Table Monday, December 31, 1984 note is that the trends evident in the 3). The circulation of all the non- NEW YEAR'S EVE post-1975 period clearly contrast with Russian journals, with the exception of NEW YEAR'S EVE SUPPER those observable from 1970 to 1975 those in Lithuanian (which grew, none­ by reservations only. (and, indeed, in the entire post-1953 theless, bya respectable 15 percenOand DANCE to the tunes of NOVA KHVYLIA period, which for reasons of space of Estonian (whose growth rate equalled from Toronto cannot be examined here). that of the Russian journals), grew Мжтгу Ctrijtnaj faster than the circulation of the Rus­ Sunday, January 6, 1985 As can be seen from Table 2, all but sian-language journals. The circulation of the Tatar-language journals was This is the ideal way to give the CHRISTMAS SUPPER one nationality registered a growth in housewives a. Christmas treat! the circulation of its native-language especially notable, as it almost doubled. CHRISTMAS SPIRIT and CAROLS newspaper in the first half of the 1970s, (It should be noted, though, that, and the circulation of six — the Ukrai­ considering the size of their nationality, UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION ESTATE f nian. Uzbek, Azeri. Armenian, Tajik, the print-runs of journals for Tatars Kerhonkson. N. Y. m Tel.: (914) 626-5641 | and Kirghiz newspapers grew faster have, like those lor Ukrainians, remain­ than that of the Russian-language ed underdeveloped by Soviet standards.) ^ДОДОДОДОзіеВДзМеЗДДОзіеДО -ft -ft -ft ft CELEBRATE THE NEW YEAR AT SOYUZIVKA -ft -ft -ft MISS SOYUZIVKA 1985 PAGEANT ft -ft -ft -ft SATURDAY, DECEMBER 29, 1984 -ft -ft 8:30 P. M. CONCERT: -ft ft Popular International Entertainer "ALEX" -ft -ft 10:00 P. M. DANCE -ft Music provided by "NOVA KHVYLIA" of Toronto -ft ft 12:00 Midnight: Crowning of MISS SOYUZIVKA 1985 -ft ft -ft -ft SUNDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1984 -ft 2- 6:30 P. M. Coctails, Informal Dinner, Entertainment „„. -ft ft MONDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1984 - NEW YEAR'S EVE -ft і 7:00 P.M. - 8:00 P.M. Cocktail Hour -ft 8:00 P.M - 10:00 P.M. Dinner -ft -ft 10:00 P.M. - ?g DANCE - Music provided by "NOVA KHVYLIA" of Toronto -ft ft -ft ft Mistress of Ceremonies: ANYA DYDYK SPECIAL RATES AVAILABLE FOR' THE ENTIRE WEEKEND -ft CONTACT MANAGEMENT FOR DETAILS -ft ft UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION ESTATE -ft -ft Foordmore Road -ft Kerhonkson. New York -ft -ft (914) 626-5641 "ft ЗДезІєзісзМ^ВД^^ДОЗДзіеЗДДО^^