Mongolian Technology Education and Its Specifics

MONGOLIAN TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION AND ITS SPECIFICS B.Davaasuren S.Tugs Sh.Saranchimeg O. Duger Mankind already had left the Industrial era of its development and stepped into the era of Information and Intellect. In other words, as by scientists, industrialization had become the precondition for the economy based on the intellect and knowledge. This is the real situation. It became clear that the new paradigm of the techno-economy which substitutes industrial development is making its appearance in XXI century. The —Knowledge based economy“ is accepted by the governments of the most countries and any study, investigation and developing activities are intensified by them. The following problems are the base of these activities. These are: - country where democracy is appreciated; - industry based on the science; - civil education directed to the development; - State politics applied to the eco-nature. The developed countries already had gained an intense of their development thanks to their economic concept, strategy, politics and programs based on knowledge as productive forces which were worked out and began to be implemented earlier than other countries. May be, such working out seems to be earlier for our Mongolia. But we can not avoid this problem because of globalization. Countries which put up capital for the investigation and invention of their population to develop people‘s education and ways of study for all their lifetime have chance to capitalize on the world market. The influence of globalization is making the spatial outlying meaningless. The internet affords Mongolian people an opportunity to enter into relations with all over the world in a second. Knowledge based economy is the result of the knowledge revolution and it is determined by the speed of creation of any knowledge, its acquirement, propagation and exploitation. It leads the underdeveloped countries to the overcoming the developed countries or to the risk of being more behind because of their delay. In other words, every country in the world faces with an unheard opportunity of development thanks to their integration in the global economy making quick and reliable change of knowledge and technology by way of the constant learning from the global economy or with an unimaginable backwardness and danger because of the competition. Therefore, all of countries had begun to compete with each other by their advantage to their clear strategy trying not to be backward. The scientists offer an advice on the business activity based on the knowledge by following 6 main functions. - The sincere participation in the activity based on the intellect must be motivated and encouraged. - The thorough and applied knowledge of the production must be created - An infrastructure which gives the knowledge from external and inner recourses 114 must be established. - The skill at choosing, understanding and possessing of knowledge ought to be possessed. - The delivery of the knowledge to the people in need and its dissemination must be gotten. - The creative skill at using of any knowledge in the economy, society and business ought to be developed. Side by side with them, the following main factors will have effect in the leading of the knowledge to a success. Those are: - the optional infrastructure of any information and communication technology (the inner and external nets are the —strict“ infrastructure. And their methods are the main base); - the interest in the creation of a new knowledge and interest for the sharing of it; - the regular study and experiments; - the skill at the knowledge management (structure, culture, human resource politics, concepts); - the goal directed to the final result; - the leaders in the knowledge (strainers of their mind); - the key factors (process, person, criteria, information, space). All of these factors mean the education, particularly, public technology education as issue. The need for the proper interaction with the environment and the knowledge and skill to exploit it for their profit in their every day life is simply called the Technology Education as generally accepted. It can be named as the —Art of living“. Therefore this education begins to be possessed in the kindergarten and continues for all human life. Even so, the Technology Education intensively possessed by the people of ages from 4-5 up to 30 or of elementary, secondary, high and higher education ages is proper. Because benefit gained from such education can be enough for people during their rest lifetime. The knowledge possessed in the different kinds of schools develops individual skills to the education can be formulated as the Art of living. The one considerable thing for the Art of living is the way of doing, processing/ implementation or the Technology Education. There is no way to live without —Simple art of living“ in the information era. Our Mongolians need to work out the complete issue of the training from the —Simple art of living“ up to —Higher Technology Education“ in the scale of the —Public Technology Education“ and have to apply its implementation. Any learning continues for all human life. It is the way of living among the people. Every person must generate any profit for himself and for other people. Any learning process is held through the educational institution. But possessing any knowledge in the housekeeping condition side by side with the educational institution is popular in Mongolia. It called as —Family training and upbringing“ by Mongolians. The main content of our report is connected with the development of Technology Education relying on the way of Mongolian Traditional training and upbringing. Because 50% of our population, particularly, young people possess the general education in the secondary school, but technology education is not possessed by them sufficiently. 115 It depends on the local material well-being and the way of their living and nomadic livestock-rearing engagement. In other words, the lifestyle of the nomadic Mongolian itself has been passed from one generation to another as a training, an art of upbringing and the base of learning. It comes to light during the enacting with the nature, engagement of livestock-rearing, taking of its productivity and many other activities. Elder Mongolians experienced at life and work hand down their knowledge and learning to the children and young people in a special way and it helps young generation to gain —art of living“. This is the Mongolian way and kind of training in the technology education by modern expression. And what is the way and kind of the Mongolian Traditional Special Training? It is the way of knowledge passing by the following sequence and content to young people by the elder people (grandparents, parents, older brothers, older sisters and other). - The psychological readiness to the learning of anything is given. The thinking like that as —W ithout learning of that I can‘t do other things“ must be generated in young people‘s mind (psychological readiness). - The interest in the performance way of any operation must be motivated. In other words, the motivation must be so strong that the child can‘t not be without learning the operation ( otivation). - The preparation of themselves as the way as —W hat skill is needed for the performance of the operation: strength, punctiliousness, keen sight, patience, or being on time. I have to put the watch near me“ is done (creation of the condition). - The child decides his way of how to perform it: boiling, heating, freezing or drying in the sun (learning of arts). - Is this the thing I really want. How must it look like? Let me compare it to the same thing (getting the results). -—It‘s OK, It‘s correct. You had learnt to do it. Good boy (girl). Please, try again to make more beautiful“ (making enthusiastic) - —I need such instruments, such calculation in performing of this thing. I did such mistake“ (taking into attention). - —W ell, what I have to do to improve it. Certainly, I have to facilitate the labor. W here I can get a modernized instruments? W hat another way I can get? How to save the raw materials?“ (new exploration) The main training and upbringing feature of such Mongolian education is that all of them are gained by children and young people thanks to the activities, speech, working results in the real life of their parents, grandparents and other people. In such manner we aimed to show that Mongolian Traditional Family training and upbringing has so wide content and it is effective. In other words, our parents, elder generation are —the best teachers“. So the need to prepare the teachers-parents is raised. Although any special technology teachers are not needed for our local place, the applying of the material well-being is necessary here. If this problem will be decided, an opportunity of possession of the whole Public Technology education in the city and local place equally will be afforded successfully. As shows the conclusion drown from this situation, the —Art of living“ by Mongolians is —the best“ base of the Technology Education. It is confirmed by the investigation and thanks to it, the opportunity to 116 disseminate, inherit, develop the traditional knowledge and get its productivity can be offered. It will be interesting to show such education by the production extracted from the livestock which is processed by Mongolian traditional technology. There are above 1000 special products made by such technology. These products include many kinds of food products and other large-scale goods. May be Mongolian people could increase the interest rate of foreign countries by these special products. Therefore, it is required to raise an issue of technology education among the local residents to decide this problem in the rate of good support in their life. These days the issue of the technology education is raised, decided and developed strongly.

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