The JOURNAL of TRUE Education VOLUME 6 DECEMBER, 1944 NUMBER 4

The JOURNAL of Education

W. HOMER TEESDALE, EDITOR HARVEY A. MORRISON Associates JOHN E. WEAVER

CONTENTS "This One Thing I Do" By Raymond F. Cottrell page 4 Development of Good Study Habits By Paul Ford 6 Vocational Guidance in Secondary Schools By Clifford L. Witzel W. E. Howell—Scholar, Educator, Friend By Clifford A. Russell 11 The Emphasis Shifts By William A. Scharffenberg 12 The Housemother Plan By Willis L. King 14 Christmas in the Church School By James H. Rhoads 16 Mental Hygiene for Prospective Teachers By Olivia B. Dean 18 The School Band By J. Alfred Simonson 21 News from the Schools 22 The School Nurse By W. Leslie Avery 25 Books Are Gates By Louise Kae Unruh 26 Have You Read? 27 Index 29

ISSUED FIVE TIMES A YEAR-FEBRUARY. APRIL, JUNE, OCTOBER, AND DECEMBER-BY THE DEPART. MENT OF EDUCATION. GENERAL CONFERENCE OF r VF NTH-DAY ADVENTISTS, TAKOMA PARK, WASH- INGTON 12, D. C. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1 A YEAR. ENTERED AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER AT THE POST OFFICE AT WASHINGTON, D. C., UNDER THE ACT OF CONGRESS OF MARCH 3, 1879.

2 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION INTO THE SECOND CENTURY-An Editorial

THE past, studied in an attitude opening of Battle Creek College. There of detachment but with understanding the pattern of Christian education began charity, can reveal the origin of doctrine, to unfold. Its beauty and symmetry, its the cost of progress, the reward for sacri- value to the church, can hardly be over- fice, and the location of achievement. stated. The schools have been a treasure Human history is too crowded with mis- house wherein workers have been found deeds and misfortunes for anyone who for every activity of the church. Abroad reads it rightly to put much confidence they have supported the missions en- in man or in his best-laid plans, but deavor by fashioning the children and inspiration for greater deeds and hu- youth after a great pattern. There and mility for more devout lives can be found in the homeland students have found as students review bygone incidents. inspiration for gospel work, loyalty to The first century of the Christian essential doctrine, preparation for the church was a period of great faith and life activity of their choice, and devotion heroic deeds. Then life and doctrine to the highest principles of character. were pure, and conquests were spiritual The way ahead for the schools seems and glorious. From the great Teacher clear. An examination of the guiding men learned to exercise faith, to love principles may be made, but only to ac- their neighbors, and to perform works of quaint the youth more fully with them righteousness. Under His inspiration and to find great assurance in their cer- and instruction the foundations of the tainty and genuineness. Personal re- church were laid. The shape of things to sources and denominational facilities will come was determined. In later cen- be adjusted to the grand objectives of the turies when heresies in doctrine and cor- church. The youth will be taught to ruption of life appeared, men pointed keep their eyes on the pattern, not on the again to the apostolic church as the pat- past or on the bright prospects of the tern for all time. future. They will be trained to advance The Seventh-day Adventist Church into new territory, to conquer it and oc- has, with the passing of the anniversary cupy it for Christ, and to develop its of an incident of striking significance, spiritual resources for God. entered the second century of its devel- As they enter this second century the opment. Not centuries but a quick work schools accept anew the charge long ago lies ahead. The church must not lose given to them. They are determined to time straining out the gnats of petty place the emphasis rightly, to catch the differences of opinion, or waste energy stride of the founding pioneers, to set trying to assimilate the camels of undi- as their first objective the development of gestible nonessentials. Wise is the man genuine Christian character, to teach the who, like the pioneers, can discern an abiding, eternal principles, to evaluate important and great cause, attach him- rightly the times and the issues facing self to it, and spend his life energies in the youth of today, to lift the students' its building. eyes to the overripe harvest fields, and The schools of the church pass in this to prepare them for a quick work in month the seventieth anniversary of the finishing the gospel task. VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 "This One Thing I Do" Raymond F. Cottrell

INSTRUCTOR IN BIBLE, PACIFIC UNION COLLEGE PREPARATORY SCHOOL

YOUTH is the age of great deci- of sanctification are vitally necessary to sions, the time of character crystalliza- the accomplishment of this objective. tion. It is a time when life is real and Since no spiritual interest can accrue earnest, and apathetic indeed must be where there has been no soul investment, the teacher who is oblivious to his privi- the Bible teacher who would succeed lege of making conquests for Christ. must willingly devote his whole being Satan has no more effective spiritual to the interests and problems of youth. saboteur than the academy Bible teacher He is not his own; he has been bought who is not positively, dynamically the with a price by the Master Teacher. God comrade and leader of his students. has called him to a task, and he must per- A Bible teacher may be defined as one mit no other voice to call him from it. who instructs classes for a living—and he Devotion will lead him to do "this one must do it effectively—but whose busi- thing" profoundly well, rather than to ness is to live with and for youth. Six dabble in several other good, but less factors are essential to his success in this vital, pursuits. Let him feel that he is business: a vision of the Master. devotion doing God's work, that God is working to the task, affection for and confidence through him, and he will have power for in youth, companionship, and leadership. winning souls. The divinely appointed Bible teacher The teacher's "own heart should be is as surely called to his work as is the richly imbued with love for his pupils, gospel evangelist, and having once heard which will be seen in his looks, words, the call he can never afford to be disobe- and acts." 1 In the annals of heaven it dient to the heavenly vision. He must should be recorded that he has personally magnify his office and fill it with noble adopted his group of youth into the great determination: Woe is me if I teach not household of faith as his own younger the gospel! "The salvation of our pupils brothers and sisters. Such a teacher will is the highest interest entrusted to the permit no task of his own—even profes- God-fearing teacher," states the inspired sional duties of undeniable importance messenger; and again, "Eternal interest —to take precedence over his students' should be the great theme of teachers claims upon him as elder brother. and students." 1 The transcendent ob- Sincere affection bears interest in the jective, then, is to awaken in youthful form of confidence; which, nevertheless, hearts a desire to reach God's ideal. must be mutual. Assume that every Though the Bible teacher will always youth in the school-community wants in find some students waiting to be led to his inmost heart to do right, and wants Christ, others must first be given a vision to get to heaven. Apparent indifference of Him and what He can be to them. is almost always a psychological compen- Then all need to be taught by precept sation for not knowing how to make a and example how to grow up into men success of the Christian life. "Let the and women in Christ. An experimental teacher gain the confidence of the knowledge of righteousness by faith and tempted one, and by recognizing and 4 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION developing the good in his character, he follow to the point of perfection: He can, in many cases, correct the evil with- must cultivate the ability to see opportu- out calling attention to it." 3 The Bible nities, and then habitually seize them, teacher's business thus becomes primarily remembering that he will be required to that of assisting the youth to achieve the give an account someday. Someone's desire of his own heart. He is not on eternal destiny may hang precariously on one side of the gospel fence trying to a fleeting moment when the stage is set persuade the student to come over where for action. The true leader, therefore, he is. Both are on the same side and is always accessible—he always has time headed in the same direction. for one who needs him. "The best way to understand human Every personal contact should mean nature is to be friendly toward people," advancement for the student. Impress said Henry Ford. Indeed, the hours and the fact that all life's problems may be minutes invested in youth will prove to solved when they are brought to God, have worth beyond calculation. "The and that the darkest lives are those which true teacher can impart to his pupils few have no window opening toward heaven. gifts so valuable as the gift of his own But let the teacher remember that while companionship. It is true of men and it is true that the rays of the Sun of Right- women, and how much more of youth eousness will not strike a light in any life and children, that only as we come in until brought into focus at the foot of the touch through sympathy can we under- cross, it is equally true that effective deci- stand them; and we need to understand sions cannot be achieved under pressure. in order most effectively to benefit." 4 Assistance is valuable up to the point of In any companionship one is the decision, but there the student must take leader, and it is the Bible teacher's privi- the critical step, and do so consciously leged obligation to take this place. A and purposefully. The act then becomes leader may be defined as one who knows something he himself has done, intelli- the way, who keeps ahead, and who in- gently and voluntarily. The exercise of spires others to follow. He endeavors to initiative is of profound significance in light the way and cannot afford to carry character formation. his light in a smoky lantern. The Bible Effective spiritual leadership for acad- teacher is a modern living version of the emy youth requires that the Bible teacher Word of God, read daily by his pupils. conscientiously cultivate these qualities He will do well to ask himself frequently of vision, devotion, affection, confidence, if his "version" needs revision. "Only companionship, and leadership. An an- that which is entirely true in one's own cient Sanskrit proverb says, "Yesterday life will have the power to change oth- is but a dream, and tomorrow is only a ers," is a fact well stated by Confucius. vision; but today, well-lived, makes every A leader will make a hobby of learning yesterday a dream of happiness and every to know and like people, and how to tomorrow a vision of hope." It is the please and serve them. Manifestly, the Bible teacher's privilege and responsi- time to serve people is when they feel the bility to make possible to his youthful need of service. Plato observed, "This, associates just such dreams and visions. too, is evident, that a thing comes to E. G. White, Fundamentals of Christian Education, pp. nought when we let slip the right time 117, 436. for doing it." There are, therefore, two 2 Id., p. 19. E. G. White, Education, p. 294. procedures which the Bible teacher must ' Id., p. 212.

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 5 Development of Good Study Habits

Paul Ford

INSTRUCTOR IN MATHEMATICS,

IN these days of changing educa- fect the grade at the close of the period. tional standards, accelerated programs, Clear, definite, reasonable assignments, large classes, and grading by the "normal which pupils know they are expected to curve," teachers do well to check on master, will encourage the development themselves from time to time to see of proper study habits. When an assign- whether they really require study of their ment is made for a particular day, seldom students. The average individual who at- should that day pass without the assign- tends classes studies little more than is ment's being covered. Students who do required to get the grade with which he not have their lessons should not be al- is satisfied. Young folks are quick to lowed to bring in unrelated discussions to discern whether they need to study for sidetrack the teacher. any particular class. Too many young people feel that study Only by study and guidance in study is old-fashioned and only for those who will students develop good study habits. know no better. A failure or a poor Neither can be safely overlooked. No grade will often rouse such to study when one has ever learned out of the water nothing else will. On the other hand, to be a good swimmer, and few without nothing will do more to militate against some guidance while putting forth effort a good study program than giving a pass- in the water. Practice and guidance go ing grade to a student who does not de- hand in hand. Just so, if students are to serve it, for fear of losing one's job or of develop good study habits, teachers what someone will say. Once a pupil should see to it that study is required. learns that study is necessary in any par- A teacher is badly mistaken if he thinks ticular class, the battle is half won. the average student in academy grades However, training pupils to study can- needs to do very much if any studying not be accomplished by simply asking to pass a standardized test in the subject or exhorting them to study; nor by ad- at the close of the year. Many A and B monishing them to improve their habits students could have passed such a test of study. The development of proper the first day, while others can absorb from study habits must be considered by the class enough to pass at the close of the teacher to be as important as any other year. In the light of these facts teachers outcome of teaching. Time must be need to give careful thought to their les- devoted to instruction in the best meth- son assignments. These should not be ods -of studying a particular subject, and so easy as to require no effort to master, practice in such methods must be given. or so hard as to discourage the poorer In other words, the teacher must give pupils. To develop good study habits much time, thought, and energy to teach- students should first feel a need of study, ing pupils how to study effectively. He and second, realize that proper study may often find it necessary or advisable will bring results. They should early to give some pupils individual help both discover that while daily work does not in class and out of class. However, he count everything, it does materially af- should be careful not to give too much 6 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION help, but to guide the students in their student repeatedly comes to class thinking. having made an effort to prepare Students should be encouraged, as far son, then it is time to make him uncom- as possible, to study independently. Very fortable, even to the extent of sending few have the same grasp of any subject; him from class until he co-operates, hence, if studying together, one soon The Christian teacher owes it to his becomes the leader and the others follow pupils to make cheating difficult, and his suggestions. In all teaching one needs above all, to impress the fact that it does to be constantly alert to individual dif- not help or pay in the end. The writer ferences, since what may be best in one knew one academy teacher who would case may be far from the best in another. pass out standardized tests to students Frequent tests which count heavily seated close together, and then pay no toward the period grades will stimulate attention to those who copied from others most students to study. For freshmen sitting near. Such is very unfortunate. these tests should not come oftener than Nothing will more quickly cause a good once a week, while once in three weeks student to lose interest in studying than is sufficient for upper classmen. These to discover that there are those who by tests should include fundamental facts dishonesty are getting grades as good as covered since the latest examination, or better than he. which students should remember as a There should be order, discipline, and basis for future work. They should also attention in class. A student who will be .stiff enough so that few who have not not behave and pay attention in class studied will pass, and even the best can- will not study outside of class. Let stu- not make an A if they have not studied. dents sit where they like, so long as they A teacher should be considerate in behave and give attention. No one will marking those who find their schoolwork ever develop into a good student who difficult but are really trying. He should does not learn some degree of concentra- watch for opportunities to encourage tion. An ideal place to practice this is such. On the other hand, he must be in class. It is unfortunate for teachers careful not to give too high markings to to try to teach while some students are those who learn with little effort or to whispering, writing notes, or doing other those who get what they get only by things rather than giving attention to absorption from class discussion and the business of the class. cramming for examination. If this re- Not every student will respond and commendation is carefully followed, develop good study habits. This should most pupils will soon be putting forth not discourage the teacher. Even Christ, real effort to prepare their lessons. The the Master Teacher, lost one in twelve. teacher is then in position to give them Students should be encouraged to better guidance. underline passages,, but not too much; In addition there are those who are and to make note of points which are not capable of superior work, but who have clear to them after careful study. They somehow slipped along without exerting should be encouraged to bring such ques- themselves, and who expect to continue tions to class for discussion. doing so, regardless. The teacher should In other words, if the teacher is to early discover such and have a private develop good study habits in his pupils, talk with each, doing his best to secure he must first require study, and, second, co-operation. If he is unsuccessful in by careful guidance, inspire them with this he should use more drastic means. confidence in their own ability, thus If after the teacher has privately and leading them as far as possible to dis- otherwise given counsel and warning a cover the solution to their own problems. VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 7 Vocational Guidance in Secondary Schools Clifford L. Witzel

INSTRUCTOR IN MECHANICAL ARTS AND BIOLOGY, AUBURN ACADEMY

THE term "vocational guidance" school plant in terms of community came into use around the turn of the needs, and adjusts the curricula to serve century. In 1901 Frank Parsons con- its interests. He selects a staff of workers ceived a plan to give that service to the whose talents will stimulate achievement people of Boston, contributing his serv- and the reaching of worthy goals. To- ices to the venture which was first known gether they plan and equip a guidance as the Breadwinners' College. This program that helps the individual stu- later developed into the Vocation Bureau dent to examine himself and his needs of Boston which was formally opened on and to make the necessary adjustments. January 13, 1908, on the premises of the Each teacher examines his particular Civic Service House. On May 1, Mr. field of work with individual student Parsons made his first and only report needs uppermost in mind. He does not to the Executive Committee on the work teach mathematics or history as such; of the bureau. He died September 26, instead he endeavors to present his ma- 1908. terial in such a way that it will serve the Mr. Parson's counsel was based on the student as a tool in building his life. following principles:1 The critical years of youth come dur- 1. It is better to choose a vocation than ing the academy age, at which time they merely to hunt a job. need a haven of refuge, a place where a 2. No one should choose a vocation with- consistent Christian life is made the de- out thorough, honest self-analysis, sirable way. The primary purpose of under guidance. every teacher should be first and always 3. The putting down on paper of self- to teach the truth, and by consistent liv- analysis is of supreme importance. ing to make that truth so attractive that 4. The advice of those who have made youth will be drawn by its power. This a careful study of men, vocations, and is guidance of the highest order, and is the conditions of success, is better and an integral part of Christian education. safer for youth than the absence of it. The need for workers has been a 5. Youth should survey the field of voca- strong factor in the establishment of de- tions, and not simply drop into a con- nominational schools both here and in venient or accidental position. mission lands. This noble objective has Alert educators have long realized the held a prominent place as schools have good that could come from guidance, been established and their facilities en- and have enlarged its meaning to include larged to care for the youth of the con- guidance in all activities of life. The stituency. Christian education is an ac- guidance-minded school administrator cepted necessity today. Are all the needs examines the physical plant to make sure of the youth being met? In harmony that the equipment is modern, sufficient, with the objective of some earlier schools, and so arranged as to offer opportunities only those were accepted as students who for growth. He thinks of the whole were thought to be good prospects for 8 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION meeting the needs of the organized work. Another survey was made of the voca- Now all youth of the constituency above tional choices of Auburn Academy stu- the eighth grade who meet certain char- dents during the school year of 1941-42. acter standards are accepted by the sec- Of the two hundred four who filled out ondary schools. From this group the the questionnaire, one hundred seven- future workers will be selected and given teen were boys and eighty-seven were further training. girls. Thirty per cent chose the medical The writer recently made a survey of profession as doctors or nurses; seven per the records of those who were students of cent, teaching; thirteen per cent, secre- Auburn Academy during the years 1927 tarial or business; three per cent, evan- to 1930. It was found that only half of gelistic work; twenty-seven per cent, those enrolled were graduated, and of miscellaneous; and twenty per cent those who were graduated only half went were uncertain. The above surveys re- on to gain a professional education and veal that vocational guidance looking enter the organized work, either directly toward the professions is functioning or indirectly. From this it will be seen well, with the exception that while the that seventy-five per cent of those en- great need of the denomination is in the rolled during these years are in nonpro- evangelistic field, the interest in this fessional activities today. Did Auburn work is relatively small. Academy contribute as much to the vo- At the secondary teachers' convention cational life of this larger group as to the held at Gladstone, Oregon, the writer was fewer who chose professions? or was the asked to review further the study pre- major emphasis placed on the smaller sented, on the basis of familiarity with group? It is right and proper that the the students and the factors contributing needs of the work and the call of the to the choice of a vocation. The accom- hour should be magnified. However, it panying table has been set up to facilitate must be recognized that not all youth the drawing of some conclusions. possess "five talents," and more interest The I. Q. does not seem to be a factor should be manifested in those who have of choice between the ministerial and fewer talents. Ellen G. White points medical vocations, since the average of out that "God's plan of life has a place those choosing the ministry is 111 and for every human being. Each is to im- that of those choosing medical vocations prove his talents to the utmost; and faith- is 112. The highest and lowest I. Q.'s fulness in doing this, be the gifts few or of the entire group are found in those many, entitles one to honor." 2 looking toward the ministry. Much time and effort have been spent A correlation between the vocational in providing preparatory courses. This choice and the measured vocational in- effort has been well rewarded as the fol- terest is revealed in the fact that five of lowing survey by the writer will show. the seven choosing the ministry have a During the four years 1927 to 1930 Au- high measured social service interest, and burn Academy graduated ninety-one stu- six of the seven choosing medical voca- dents. Today, 1944, five of these are tions have a high measured scientific in- doctors, eleven are nurses, five are gospel terest. Considering the whole group the ministers, ten are teachers, six are in sec- measured interest corresponds very fa- retarial work, while five girls married vorably with the vocational choice and doctors and four married ministers. with the individual's success in school Thus forty-six of the ninety-one are ac- subjects. counted for in the professions. The oth- This study shows the benefit of voca- ers found vocations in the work-a-day tional guidance looking toward denomi- world. national service, but it is regrettable that VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 9 so little is being done for those not seek- a knowledge of some trade or occupation, ing a professional education. by which, if need be, he may earn a liveli- Ellen G. White emphasizes the place hood." 3 of vocational training in the educational Observing that approximately three program: "Manual training is deserving fourths of all secondary youth do not of far more attention than it has received. enter the professions and do not study Schools should be established that, in beyond the secondary level, it is quite addition to the highest mental and moral evident that whatever is done for them culture, shall provide the best possible vocationally must be done in the acad- facilities for physical development and emy. Secondary teachers should enlarge industrial training. Instruction should their vision of service to youth, especially be given in agriculture, manufactures,— thinking of those who will not have the covering as many as possible of the most privilege of a college training. useful trades. . . . While every person needs some knowledge of different handi- REFERENCES I John M. Brewer, History of Vocational Guidance (New crafts, it is indispensable that he become York: Harper and Brothers Publishers, 1942), p. 60. 2 Ellen G. White, Education (Mountain View, Calif.: Pa- proficient in at least one. Every youth, cific Press Publishing Association, 1903), p. 226. on leaving school, should have acquired Id., p. 218.

VOCATIONAL CHOICE, VOCATIONAL INTEREST,* I. Q., AGE, AVERAGE GRADE FOURTH YEAR, AND PRESENT OCCUPA- TION OF 1943 SENIOR BOYS OF AUBURN ACADEMY

Voc. Choice Inteiest I. Q. Age Grade Occupation Medicine Scientific xx 18 B Army Aircraft designer Engineering 108 16 C+ Army Baker Mechanical 117 18 C- Army Minister Social service 125 18 A- Study ministry Minister Salesmanship 128- 17 A Study ministry Minister Mechanical. 93 18 C- Army ' Minister Engineering 114 16 A Study ministry Minister Social service 114 18 C- Study ministry Minister Social service 94 24 B+ Working Veterinary Salesmanship 104 18 . C Army Medicine Scientific 112 16 B Premedical Medicine , Scientific 116 18 B Army Printer Eng. 8c mech. 126 17 B- Marines Medicine Scientific 108 17 C Army Medicine Scientific 112 17 B Army Electrical engineer Business 119 18 B+ Working -Business Business 122 17 C+ Dental school Minister Social service xx 17 B+ Study ministry Medicine Scientific 123 17 B+ Medical school •

* Vocational interest as shown by Vocition Interest Inventories.

10 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION W. E. Howell-Scholar, Educator, Friend Clifford A. Russell

DIRECTOR OF EXTENSION, SOUTHERN MISSIONARY COLLEGE

IT is a privilege to express appre- Through the years, Professor Howell ciation of Warren Eugene Howell, who gave unstinted service. He had a clear left an indelible stamp upon the edu- conception of the principles of Christian cational work of Seventh-day Adventists. education and by voice and pen ex- Professor Howell, as he was familiarly pounded these ideals in America and the known to his friends, was born on a farm world field, earnestly endeavoring to lead in Ohio in 1869. Here he attended pub- educational workers and people to find lic school and taught one term. Even and follow God's plan in education as before his college days he engaged in set forth in the Spirit of prophecy. For soul-winning work as a colporteur and twenty-one years he was assistant editor Bible worker. Entering Battle Creek and then editor of Christian Education, College at the age of nineteen, he pur- and made many contributions to other sued the literary course and was gradu- periodicals on educational and Biblical ated with a Bachelor of Arts degree. themes. His perfect command of Eng- Later, in recognition of his attainments, lish made his every contribution a mas- Emmanuel Missionary College granted terpiece of correct diction. him an honorary Master of Arts degree. Professor Howell was a gifted scholar, A further foundation for his lifework proficient in linguistic and historical re- was laid by several years of stenographic search. He wrote Gospel Key Words, in service in the General Conference offices, order to help workers to a more perfect and as assistant secretary of the Interna- understanding of what the Scriptures tional Religious Liberty Association, actually say. His last contribution to the which gave him a broad and intimate cause of Biblical exegesis was as chairman acquaintance with denominational lead- of the Committee for Revision a ership and policies. After these services Thoughts on Daniel and the Revelation. he spent a decade in our schools—as a Also during the closing months of hik teacher in, and the president of, Healds- life he was secretary of the Spirit of Mis- burg College, principal of the Chinese sions Committee, which sponsored im- Mission School in Honolulu, teacher at portant mission language projects in the Emmanuel Missionary College, and as Theological Seminary and the colleges: the first president of the College of Med- Professor Howell was a cultured and ical Evangelists. Christian gentleman, and it was both i After two.years as missionary in Greece, privilege and a pleasure to be associated from which he returned in 1909 because with him in service. He was approach- of ill-health, he was again connected with able, friendly, kind, and helpful. Fel4 denominational headquarters, where he educators have made more valuable con:- spent the remaining thirty-three years of tributions to the cause of Christian edu- his life—serving as principal of the Fire- cation than has Professor Howell, and side Correspondence School, assistant and surely none has been more deeply loved general secretary of the Department of or truly appreciated than he. His mem"- Education, and secretary to the president ory will be cherished by those who knew of the General Conference. him best as scholar, educator, friend. - VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 11 The Emphasis Shifts William A. Schar .ffenberg

INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES, N27-19:li

THE only thing that history has and American ideas, but little has been taught us," said one student, "is that spent in educating Americans to under- history hasn't taught us anything." He stand China and Chinese ideas. The had reference primarily to the lessons thirty million American children attend- that past wars should have taught but ing public schools, as well as the added apparently failed to teach—lessons which millions of high school and college if learned would have prevented future youth, are receiving practically no in- wars. struction regarding the culture and civ- While history never fully repeats itself ilization of the peoples of Asia, with the in exact detail, yet it may truthfully be result that Americans are lamentably said that if certain attitudes of mind are ignorant of conditions on the other side developed toward fellow men, certain of the Pacific. definite reactions will occur—reactions A nation-wide survey recently con- beyond man's control. Incidents will ducted by the New York Times revealed occur and situations will arise to develop a deplorable ignorance on the part of certain fundamental differences, which, college freshmen with reference to the if not ironed out to the satisfaction of all policy of the toward China. concerned, will eventually lead to war. Only fifteen per cent knew that the It takes no prophet to predict what will United States has an open-door policy, occur when certain situations are allowed and the large majority of students be- to develop. The expert chemist, for lieved that the traditional policy of this example, knows that when two parts of country was to prevent immigration, to hydrogen are combined with one part of send missionaries, and to exploit the oxygen the result will be water. He Chinese for all they were worth. knows too that when certain contacts Some of the most typical answers to are made with TNT the result will be an the question "What has been the tradi- explosion. So the keen student of inter- tional American policy toward China?" national affairs, understanding the cul- follow: "Try to wake up China;" "Get ture, the civilization, and the character- as much as possible for as little as pos- istic psychology of various nationalities, sible;" "Sympathize, but do little else;" knows what will result when certain situ- "One of not much interest but had one ations are allowed to develop. eye on her;" "A fatherly attitude, al- The attention and the interest of the though sometimes not concerned;" "Ex- United States is gradually shifting from ploitation;" "The closed-door policy;" the Atlantic to the Pacific. Slowly but and "Wanting China to win but sending surely minds and thoughts are turning little to help her." toward Asia. Unfortunately for the Other comments were: "To help United States, Asia is one region about China out if it doesn't require too much which Americans know very little. effort on our part;" "Express friendship Millions have been spent in educat- but ignore them when they need help;" ing the Chinese to understand America "We have looked down on her;" 12 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION "Amused tolerance and exploitation;" the sum of $226,200 to Columbia Uni- and "To be friendly but not intimate." versity for the establishment of a De- One student, evidently greatly dis- partment of Chinese. The proceeds of turbed and indignant at the present pol- this fund have been used for the purchase icy toward China, declared that the of books and for the support of a staff of American policy was to "buy their rice, instructors who have given courses in drink their tea, and starve their poor." Chinese history, language, and religion. Still another replied, "We like China, General Carpentier also provided a gen- but never fooled around with her rela- erous endowment for the establishment tions until she became an ally." of an Oriental library at the University of Analyzing the results of this survey, California, which is maintaining its the conclusion is inescapable that acad- pre-eminence as a center for Far Eastern emy and high school students possess a studies in the United States. very meager knowledge of China. The The majority of high schools, colleges, time has passed when Americans can look and universities, however, are still blind on the Orient as their commercial back to the importance of the Pacific. Few, if yard or intellectual side show. The any, students have at graduation an ade- typical Chinese is in many ways more quate conception of how much civiliza- civilized than the Westerner. For ex- tion has at stake in the tremendous ample, the Occidental takes great pride changes now taking place in the Orient. in his frankness, seeming to admire the On the other hand, the Orient is wide direct manner of dealing with one awake and is scrutinizing and analyzing another. The Chinese, on the other every word, act, and motive of the democ- hand, considers such frankness and direct- racies. They fear that Americans believe ness characteristic of uncultured bar- "there is only one first-class civilization barians, and hence undesirable. His in the world today, centering in the concern is to make others feel at ease; United States; that Europe's civilization therefore, his approach is refined, tactful, is hardly second class and Asia's is about and considerate. The Chinese know fourth to sixth class; that Americans are how to get along with one another and God's chosen people; that the American with those of other nationalities, perhaps mission is to uplift the human race, and best of any people on earth. it behooves those who are to be uplifted General Horace W. Carpentier once to recognize their inferior position." had a servant by the name of Ting Lung, The peoples of Asia are demanding a typical Chinese, who manifested the their place in the world of thought, cul- virtues and characteristics of his race. He ture, and civilization. They feel that was honest, and a hard worker, toiling there is just as great danger to the future from early morning till late at night. peace of the world from American igno- Ting Lung was a true democrat and had rance of the Orient as there is from Ori- a keen sense of justice as well as humor. ental ignorance of the West. The cul- Above all, he was loyal and faithful to tures and civilizations of the East, there- General Carpentier. Ting Lung died fore, demand far greater attention by while in the service of General Carpen- this denomination than heretofore. For tier, whereupon the General decided it Seventh-day Adventists, a global-minded was high time that the American people people, carrying on a global work, should began to study the civilization out of above all others be keen students and in- which came the virtues manifested in the terpreters of current events and inter- life of Ting Lung. He therefore donated national affairs.

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 13 The Housemother Plan Willis L. King DEAN OF MEN, EMMANUEL MISSIONARY COLLEGE

THE philosophy of dormitory ad- work and windows are washed, and the ministration is generally conceded to floors scrubbed and waxed. Finally the comprise at least three basic principles: furniture in the hall, cleaned and pol- cleanliness, quietness, and orderliness. ished, is replaced. As a result, when the Those responsible for the care of Burman occupants return to their room, they find Hall at Emmanuel Missionary College it immaculately groomed. would contend that beauty, culture, and A number of values in all this may not personal appearance, with the virtues of be too obvious from mere reading. Such courtesy and obedience, are likewise a scrupulous cleaning and reordering of parts of the pattern of right living. a room several times during the calendar Some may fear that this list omits the year ensures a degree of sanitation, as most important feature of educational well as an example of cleanliness and planning, the religious factor. The only order, not resulting from traditional dor- defense is that these qualities constitute mitory methods. Men are inspired to "pure religion and undefiled." In Mo- keep their rooms better because of this. saic times Jehovah enjoined His people occasional, thorough cleaning. We know to scrupulous cleanliness and strict order. of nothing that helps so much to keep Now as then, teaching and preaching do a school home clean or to preserve a real not suffice; varied incentives are needed home atmosphere. to implement the exhortations. One This is only a part of the really helpful such, influence is inherent in the house- things the housemother may do. De- mother plan. pressingly barren rooms that do not For the past year the residents of Bur- encourage good housekeeping may be im- man Hall have had the motherly services proved by bedspreads, drapes, floor cov- of a gracious woman who loves her work erings made by the Dorcas members or and the men for whom she does it. It is secured in other ways. As the occupant pleasing to say that the men reciprocate finds his home-away-from-home taking with high appreciation. Under this plan on color and beauty, he manifests a new the housemother supervises a thorough attitude toward his status as a dormitory cleaning of all rooms about once in four citizen and acquires a taste for good months, in the old-fashioned spring- housekeeping that one would not have house-cleaning sense of the word. supposed likely. Some of the best room This work is begun by setting in the keepers have been motivated in this: hall all pieces of furniture small enough way. to be easily moved through the doorway. In addition to all this the housemother Ceiling and walls are cleaned by thorough renders even more personal services for dusting of papered surfaces, wall hang- the boys and men of the dormitory. It ings, picture molding, window casings often happens that a young man needs a and sills, sprinkler pipes, and other places garment ironed or mended, and does not where dust is wont to collect. Then the know where to seek help. In such a closets are cleaned and put in order from dilemma the men frequently ask the ceiling to floor. Following this, all wood- housemother's assistance, and if her time 14 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION permits she does what she can to help each fills a place in which the other meet some of "life's most embarrassing could not possibly excel. moments." The young men are given Since the account here presented could to understand, however, that all such result in distorted impressions of the purely personal services should be paid housemother program, a word of cau- for, since this is done on the house- tion may be good. First, no woman en- mother's own time. gaged as a housemother can be expected In considering the cost of this house- to do all the work connected with such mother program, let the expense be a thorough-going cleaning process. She matched against the benefits derived. must have help for the high, heavy work. The one employed for this service works The cleaning of ceilings, sprinkler pipes, about forty hours a week. Part of her and even picture moldings requires the work may be the making or mending of use of a ladder, which should not be drapes, slip covers, guest-room bed- expected of her. Likewise the moving spreads and linen, and the like. Then of heavy furniture calls for strong help. there is the above-mentioned supervision To be sure this increases the cost of of the room cleaning, or planning a sur- such a plan; but this is work which prise for one whose room needs the should be done, yet never will be unless home touch. In case of illness or other the institution does something about it. real emergency she may do the work of If such service is limited to general sani- one who cannot appear for duty; such as tation and cleanliness, it does not en- cleaning the parlor, guest rooms, kitch- courage indolence or "spoil" the men. enette, reception room, office of the dean, Second, the dean must believe in the or first-floor halls and lobbies. efficacy and value of such a project. AbOut half the cost and benefit of the What has produced satisfactory results housemother's work involves tasks for in one school home might fail in an- which someone must be paid, but which other at the hands of skeptics and nov- may best be done by a housemother. ices. Most efforts terminate in defeat The rest is sheer investment in morale- unless intelligent administrative energy building cleanliness and home atmos- is applied. phere. It is not to be supposed that all prob-. Another feature inherent in the plan lems of cleanliness and order are thus should be considered.. Several times solved. Reality is still more tangible during the year appreciation for co-op- than idealism. Many factors must be eration with college-home objectives considered, not the least of which are was expressed by a social and refresh- the accelerated curriculum and the work ment hour, centering about the house- program. In school planning there mother and demonstrating school-dwell- seems to be "time for everything under ing ideals. The refreshments were the sun" except the cleaning and inspec- prepared in advance by the housemother. tion of rooms. There is no set time Soon the housemother held as secure a when this work should be done, but there place in the home as the dean of men. is a morale-building satisfaction in the The full compatability of the idea lies knowledge that one is leaving a reason- in the fact that the service of the house- ably clean, tidy room as he goes forth to mother, detached from all governmental the duties of the day. and correctional duties, and the service Attention may well be given in the of the dean, involving administrative and early future to a group consideration of disciplinary responsibilities, are not com- the cultural and character goals of col- petitive, but mutually agreeable, since lege home life.

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 15 Christmas in the Church School James H. Rhoads

EDUCATIONAL SUPERINTENDENT, TEXAS CONFERENCE

MYSTERY and ecstasy! Stockings your care? Should you ignore the whole hung over the chair. Evergreen and matter? or tell your children that they candlelight. Whispered expectancy. should have nothing to do with a pagan Secret places package-piled. Eyes of holiday which has been christened as a childhood wakeful, wide, and wondering! papal holyday? Cold white silence without; genial Certainly it is a settled fact that the day warmth and gaiety within. has no ecclesiastical or doctrinal signifi- Teacher, remember how breathless cance to Seventh-day Adventists, and is and intriguing it was a few years ago? not observed in any religious sense. It is How you looked forward to it, reveled in not the time of Christ's birth but rather it when it came! Then after looking at its blessed reality which is significant. and fondling your presents and eating a However, while many think and sing and big dinner you slept to dream of your speak of Christmas, it is appropriate that increased estate and awoke to wish that every true Christian meditate upon Jesus Christmas came every day. Or perhaps as the wondrous gift of Heaven to fallen your childhood December 25 passed un- mankind. Such concepts are always ap- eventfully. If it did your little heart felt propriate, and the holiday season offers starved and empty amid the festivities of excellent opportunity for shaping atti- neighbor boys and girls. tudes. In the hands of the wise teacher, True, many children are told tales of the occasion can be made to yield valu- hoofs on the roofs, and of a jolly fellow able character qualities. called Santa Claus with a pack on his Certainly Christmas programs are in back, filled with toys for good girls and order. The Christmas tree is acceptable boys, and of whips for the naughty ones. even in the church if gifts to God's cause Years and wiser ways lead up to stern are placed thereon. However, in her adulthood, where the winds of reality planning the wise teacher will take into scatter the mists of childish fancy which account the customs and attitudes of the once enshrouded Christmas. community. Care should be taken not to Really, it does not seem quite fair that violate denominational principles and a fictitious little nobody should be cred- standards. Dramatization should be ited with all the generosity which actually omitted; discretion may indicate other originates in the hearts of devoted fathers, omissions. Where the course to be fol- loving mothers, and kind friends. One lowed is not obvious and clear, the should never tell lies to boys and girls. school board should be consulted. The Their bright little minds sooner or later teacher may avoid misunderstandings discover the dissembling, and then they and embarrassment by seeking counsel. wonder and sometimes doubt. Truth is A school program, an evening social, always appropriate and safe, and belongs well planned and organized, can enhance particularly to childhood. the spirit of fellowship in the church; But Christmas is coming and you are draw the home and the school into a the teacher. What can you do, and what more intimate appreciation and under- should you do for the children under standing one of the other; be an occa- 16 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION sion for games, fun, and mutual good work of redemption. This is the object will; and be withal a constructive and of education." * character-building experience. Then why should not educators utilize Teachers entrusted with the fashion- the yuletide season to inculcate those un- ing of youthful character have in the selfish attitudes, which are the essence of Christmas occasion a rich resource for Jesus' life and ministry? adorning the lives of their pupils with The pastor of a city church was assist- the jewels of benevolence. • If gifts are ing the church school children in dis- exchanged, they should be inexpensive tributing Christmas baskets which they but useful. No child should be left out; had helped to provide. all should have the pleasure of participa- "Robert," he said to one lad as they tion. stopped by a shabby house in the slums, While there is much liberality and "this is your turn to take one in." good will manifested by many at Christ- A few months later Robert was carried mas time, yet the giving is often but a out from his own humble little home, as sordid exchange of gifts, and the entire his widowed and crippled mother wept institution reeks with commercialism for her only dear one. But strangely, and avarice. Still, even though it has the pastor does not remember Robert as been • obscured by human tradition, he lay in death, but rather his radiant dogma, fable, and selfish pleasure, the face as he emerged from that old house. principle of giving, which is basic to the He had tasted the sweetest potion ever celebration of Christmas, is legitimate proffered human lips by angel hand, even and right, for it is divine. At all times the joy of service for Jesus' sake. "Inas- and in every place it is proper to cultivate much as ye have done it unto one of the the virtue of generous thoughtfulness of least of these My brethren, ye have done others. it unto Me." Yes, he had served his Perhaps the natural attitude of child- Master in the ministry of that loving act. hood is expressed by one little lad, a child He had caught a fleeting glimpse of the of devout Christian parents, who said to glory of His face, and there was a little his father a few weeks before Christmas, of the heavenly light in his own eyes that "Father, I hope you remember that mem- day. In the resurrection it will shine in ory verse you taught me." immortal brightness, for "of such is the "Which one?" queried the father. kingdom of heaven." "Well," responded the boy, "the one This world is so full of getting! And that says, 'It is more blessed to give than even the giving, when analyzed, is often to receive.' " selfish. But to the Christian teachers is It is psychologically characteristic of given the privilege of leading little lives children to be self-centered. It is the in the strange and blessed way of unself- teacher's duty to socialize them. The ishness. Christian teacher has the further privi- The theme of the loving Gift is the lege of converting them, and this involves beauty of the Book, the thought of God, dynamic work which brings into exist- the song of angels, the joy of saints, and ence a new creation. the hope of sinners. Then why not build "To restore in man the image of his programs around it, hang wreaths upon Maker, to bring him back to the perfec- it, plant Christmas trees for it, light it tion in which he was created, to promote with candles? Yes, teach it, carol it, live the development of body, mind, and soul, it, and rejoice in it, for it is the essence that the divine purpose in Hs creation of the gospel. Verily, it is the good news.

might be realized,—this was to be the * Education, pp. 15, 16.

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 17 Mental Hygiene for Prospective Teachers

EVIDENCE is all too plentiful that gestions were secured from a leading edu- the teacher's mental as well as physical cator; and (d) a psychiatrist was inter- health directly and indirectly affects the viewed. pupils' attitudes and behavior, but little A. The following conclusions were drawn has been done about the mental hygiene of from the first source: teachers-in-training. Ellen G. White made 1. The teacher's conduct and attitudes the all-inclusive statement: "The teacher are reflected in the behavior of her should be himself what he wishes his stu- pupils. dents to become." 1 2. Lack of skill in teaching and dis- Modern educators emphasize the fact that cipline, poor work habits, and per- the teacher's first and last responsibility is sonal peculiarities bring out bad to understand the child. It is important mental attitudes and feelings of that those who deal with children possess inferiority. tolerance, kindness, and humor. However, 3. Unpleasant voice, appearance, and Ryan stresses another fact: manners are evidences of a faulty "We know, also, that they [teachers] must personality. be more than merely understanding—that 4. The teacher should master the art they need to be skilled in the art of living of living with others. with other people, a quality teachers and 5. Family cares and worries affect the prospective teachers appear to be deficient teacher's service. in if some of the current studies are re- 6. Fatigue causes ill-health and ab- liable." 2 sence from work. To be "well adjusted to life" the teacher 7. If the administrator's philosophy of needs recreation, an interesting life, oppor- education differs in theory and prac- tunity for growth and development. tice, the teacher does not feel secure. A task, a plan, and freedom are minimum 8. The teacher must guard against per- essentials to mental health. The task in- version of her social instinct. cludes everything from 'the goal of the mo- 9. The teacher's mental growth may be ment to the high ideals and objectives of dwarfed by continual contact with the future. A plan is necessary to pur- child minds. posive work. In one's own task there is 10. The child, is more important than freedom. subjects taught. Mason urges that "particularly should B. The conclusions resulting from the teacher-training institutions encourage par- above-mentioned questionnaire follow:4 ticipation in varied activities other than 1. The importance of adult physical teaching, which the student could carry care needs emphasis. over into his teaching career." 3 2. More sleep was needed by those who In preparing suggestions for acquiring filled out the questionnaire. correct mental hygiene, four different 3. The teeth should be brushed three sources of information were consulted: times a day. (a) The writings of various authors on men- 4. Frequent fatigue indicates a condi- tal hygiene for teachers were examined; tion that needs immediate correc- (b) the results of a questionnaire sent to tion. eighty-eight teachers were studied; (c) sug- 5. More teachers should gain security and assurance by the use of definite Ellen G. White, Counsels to Teachers, p. 65. ' Carson W. Ryan, Mental Health Through Education, teaching plans. p. 25. Mason, "A Study of Seven Hundred Maladjusted School- Shirley Maurine Graham, "A Plan for Acquiring Correct teachers," Mental Hygiene, July, 1931, 597-599. Mental Hygiene." 18 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION 6. Ability to make decisions lessens spective as well as actual teachers. Behavior worry. clinics for children are valuable and neces- 7. Habitual worry indicates poor sary; yet it will be more worth while to mental hygiene and should be over- help teachers to form wise mental habits come. themselves, so that they may become guides 8. Patience with pupils will eliminate to young children, thereby reducing the many difficult situations. number of maladjusted teachers and pupils. 9. Criticism should be constructive; "In the preservice training, more and otherwise it causes emotional strain. better courses should be offered in mental 10. Happiness should be a habit for hygiene. Students typically like such teacher and pupils. courses and many gain a great deal of in- 11. Eyestrain contributes to nervous- sight through them. If, in addition, enough ness, irritability, and a poor mental psychological counselors or psychotherapist atmosphere in the classroom. and medical services could be provided in 12. The teacher should correct the habit all teacher-training institutions, great of talking too much. strides could be made in increasing the C. These suggestions on mental hygiene mental health of the profession." 5 were made by an educator lecturing to Many senior colleges give courses in men- elementary principals and teachers: tal hygiene, but most junior colleges are 1. Adults need to give more recognition limited in the number of courses offered. to teachers. However, simple principles of mental hy- 2. More men should teach in the ele- giene may be taught in many other classes, mentary grades. such as general and educational pyschology. 3. Marriage of teachers should be Mental hygiene should be an integral part allowed. of the school program, not merely a class 4. The fear of loss of jobs should be re- subject. moved. 5. The teaching load should not be too A Plan for Acquiring Correct heavy. Mental Hygiene 6. If teachers are rated, they should be informed of their rating. A. Physical fitness aids mental health. 7. Teachers should have the same civic Regular habits are the best means of and social rights as other adults of keeping fit. In addition to the annual the community. physical examination, and regular care 8. Teachers should not be limited in of the teeth by a dentist, daily health their interests. It is their duty and habits should be observed: privilege to participate in other ac- 1. Eat balanced meals at regular inter- tivities besides teaching. vals. D. The psychiatrist interviewed made these 2. Get sufficient sleep—at least eight suggestions for teachers: hours. 1. Teaching is very strenuous for 3. Take plenty of exercise and fresh air. women; they should try new jobs in 4. Assure cleanliness in body and cloth- other fields after teaching ten years. ing. 2. Teachers should be allowed to marry. 5. Drink at least six glasses of water. However, they should not add their 6. Avoid fatigue and constipation. husbands' responsibilities to their 7. Do not rush. own. B. Right attitudes contribute to mental 3. Mental breakdown among adults in health, and develop security and social any profession may be due to over- adjustment. stimulation of ambition beyond in- 1. Do not evade worries, troubles, fears; tellectual ability, to lack of nervous face them. stability, or to lack of social contacts. 2. Be content with the things you have. This study shows the need of teaching 5 Arthur I. Gates, and others, Educational Psychology, simple principles.of mental hygiene to pro- p. 777. VOL. 6, NO. 4, •DECEMBER, 1944 19 S. Have goals-but limit them to what 6. Give encouragement. is possible without undue mental or 7. Allow teachers to use their ideas and emotional strain. plans. 4. Have "a conscience void of offense." 8. Eliminate nonessential regulations. 5. Never indulge in self-pity or the OLIVIA B. DEAN, Director "blues." of Elementary Teacher Training, 6. Be not "always right." Southern Missionary College. 7. Stress health rather than real or BIBLIOGRAPHY imaginary illness. Burnham, William H. Essentials of Mental Health. Per- sonal Growth Leaflet No. 109. Washington, D. C. The 8. Base decisions on judgment rather National Education Association. 16 pp. Cole, Luella. Teaching in the Elementary School. New than on emotions. Do not depend York: Farrar and Rhinehart, Inc., 1939. 521 pp. overmuch on others. Crow, Lester D., and Crow, Alice. Mental Hygiene in School and Home Life. New York: McGraw-Hill 9. Adjust tactfully to new conditions. Book Co., Inc., 1942. 457 pp. Gates, Arthur I., et al. Educational Psychology. New York: 10. Be interested in others, not solely in The Macmillan Co., 1942. 789 pp. Graham, Shirley Maurine. "A Plan for Acquiring Correct self. Mental Hygiene." Unpublished Master's Thesis. Nor- man, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma, 1942. 81 pp. 11. Make friends by being friendly. Mason. "A Study of Seven Hundred Maladjusted School- 12. Be grateful, not hateful, when mis- teachers." Mental Hygiene. July, 1931, pp. 597-599. Plant, James. Personality and the Cultural Pattern. Com- takes are pointed out. monwealth Fund, 1937. 432 pp. Rivlin, Harry N. Educating for Adjustment. New York: 13. Control temper at all times. D. Appleton-Century Co., 1936. 412 pp. Ryan, Carson W. Mental Health Through Education. New 14. Overcome inferiorities. York: The Commonwealth Fund, 1938. 304 pp. Symonds, Percival M. Mental Hygiene of the School Child. C. Successful classroom teaching involves New York: The Macmillan Co., 1938. 321 pp. Wallin, J. E. Wallace. Personality Maladjustments and Men- adjustments. tal Hygiene. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1. Improve teaching skills and work 1935. 511 pp. White, Ellen G. Counsels to Teachers, Parents, and Students habits. Regarding Christian Education. Mountain View, Calif.: Pacific Press Publishing Association, 1913. 704 pp. 2. Study discipline and acquire skill Wickman, E. K. Children's Behavior and Teachers' Atti- tudes. New York: Commonwealth Fund, 1929. 237 pp. in it. 3. Keep voice low. 4. Maintain contact with adults for mental stimulation. 5. Teach pupils rather than textbooks. 6. Make subject material interesting. 7. Show consideration to each pupil. California College 8. Avoid scolding and nonconstructive of criticism. 9. Plan work in advance. Medical Technicians D. It is important that teachers do not be- come isolated from society. This means that they should have varied activities San Gabriel, California I (Suburb of Los Angeles) and interests. 1. Travel. Offers the following 2. Community affairs. one-year courses: 3. Clubs: educational, social, nature. I 4. Church activities. X Ray 5. Physical activities and hobbies. E. School administrators can contribute to Physical Therapy the mental hygiene of teachers. 1. Make faculty meetings interesting Medical Office Assistant and helpful. 2. See that no teaching load is too heavy. NEW CLASSES BEGIN EACH 3. If teacher ratings are made, inform FEBRUARY and SEPTEMBER teachers of these. 4. In selecting teachers, consider more than scholarship. Write for bulletin 5. Be tactful in correcting mistakes. 20 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION The School Band

YOUNG people enjoy a band. Play- Stripes Forever," "U. S. Field Artillery," ing in a group, wearing a uniform, and and "Washington Post," Zimmerman's "An- responding to the director's baton does chors Aweigh," Ed Chenette's "Men of the something more than produce harmonious Republic," Peter Buy's "Horizon Over- melodies. It is a cultural activity which ture," Chalmer's "The Old Church Organ," solves • problems of discipline and adds life Schubert's "Unfinished Symphony" First to the school. Movement, Yoder's "Grandpa's Clocks," The managing board of the Glendale and Weber's "Trombone Antics." Union Academy was convinced that a school Membership in the advanced band is by band and instruction on wind instruments invitation of the director. Players in this should be offered in the academy and ele- group should have had at least one year of mentary school. The greatest obstacle was band experience and have completed first- the problem of financing such a music pro- year requirements in music fundamentals. gram until it could become self-supporting. Nearly every band member takes private However, in the spring of 1942, the board lessons, which include technique on the in- voted to employ a full-time director and strument, musicianship, and solo and en- instructor to head this department. Clar- semble playing in public. It is the plan ence 0. Trubey, a competent, experienced to have each member increase his playing band leader, was secured during the sum- ability and music knowledge one year level mer months to begin developing interest in each year. The band improves as each in- a band and in band instruments. Twelve dividual player improves. or fifteen boys took lessons the first summer. To help balance the instrumentation of When school opened in September, 1942, the band, it is necessary that the school sup- there was a definite interest in the school ply some of the less popular instruments. band among students and patrons. Parents At present the academy owns one BB flat wanted their boys and girls in the band. Sousaphone, one E flat upright bass horn, Within a few weeks fifty pupils were en- two bass drums, one snare drum, and one rolled. Two bands were organized—an ele- mellophone. Other instruments recom- mentary and an advanced—with twenty-five mended for the school to own are a bari- members in each. The school year of 1943- tone saxophone, a baritone horn, an alto 44 revealed a growing interest. Although clarinet, and an oboe. a number of students who had played in To have a representative band it is im- the band the previous year were graduated portant that as much school time be given or transferred to other schools, the school to the band work as to any class. The year opened with forty-six pupils enrolled schedule of the academy provides a regular for private lessons and nine for class lessons. daily period for the advanced band, while Three bands were organized: a beginners' the beginners' and elementary bands are band with ten members, an elementary cared for by a period before the elementary band of twenty-five, and an advanced band school opens on alternate mornings. of twenty-five. The advanced band is pro- The school band is a success where the vided with uniforms which are worn during board, the faculty, and the community co- all concerts. operate to promote good music. It requires During the first semester of the 1943-44 patience, and a willingness on the part of school year the beginners' band music in- teachers to be inconvenienced by pupils' cluded First Steps, Paving the Way, and taking private lessons during the school Top Flight band books. The elementary day, but the results are gratifying. band used the Victor Band Book. The J. ALFRED SIMONSON, Principal, advanced band played Sousa's "Stars and Glendale Union Academy

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 21 NEWS from the SCHOOLS

EXCELLENT INGATHERING REPORTS from a PLANS FOR EXPANSION at Southern Mis- few schools indicate earnest and enthusias- sionary College include a new church and tic co-operation. Atlantic Union College buildings for a library, store and post of- heads the list with $8,525. La Sierra Col- fice, science, and music. Three new faculty lege reports $4,200; Emmanuel Missionary homes are now under construction. College, $3,500. Auburn Academy's field NEW FACULTY MEMBERS at Southern Mis- day yielded $1,550, and Cedar Lake Acad- sionary College are Dorothy M. Evans, mu- emy's $1,370. sic; Dr. and Mrs. I. M. Gish, science and RUPERT CRAIG responded to the urgent health; Wilbur S. James, Bible and history; need for a dean of men at Atlantic Union Violet E. Morgan, English and speech; Jo- College when it became apparent that Dean seph A. Tucker, agriculture. Robert Reynolds could not carry on be- WALLA WALLA COLLEGE FACULTY, under cause of illness. Formerly business man- the leadership of President G. W. Bowers, ager of , Dean Craig has formed a club "to promote research had already registered for advanced study and scholarly achievement, foster interde- at the University of Ohio, but he proved partmental understanding, and build an ac- to be a minuteman. tive community of interest, widen personal horizons, and stimulate to wider reading OSHAWA MISSIONARY COLLEGE iS rejoic- ing over the largest enrollment in six years. and deeper thinking." Dormitories are crowded to capacity. has completely rebuilt its milkhouse and installed a new CONSTRUCTION HAS BEGUN On the boys' pasteurizing system. dormitory at Southwestern Junior College to replace the building destroyed by fire FORMER teach- last January. It will be modern and fire- ers found this year at are proof, and the architect's drawings indicate Mrs. Margaret G. Plymire, English, and that it will be an attractive home for the Esther Bruck, French and librarian. boys. FRESNO UNION ACADEMY reports these CHANGES IN FACULTY PERSONNEL at South- new faculty members: Madge Gould, mu- western Junior College not already noted sic, formerly of Union Springs Academy; include: William H. Shephard, lately of Thelma Hemme, home arts, class of '44, Campion Academy, president; James Whit- Pacific Union College; Harold Mauk, sci- lock, a student at the Theological Semi- ence and mathematics, formerly principal nary, dean of men; Mary McConaughey, of elementary school at . of Campion Academy, dean of women; Marjorie Bothwell, of Washington Sanitar- TEN COUPLES ARE STUDYING. FRENCH at the Theological Seminary under the Missions ium, health; R. A. Underhill, of Campion Academy, biology and vocational arts; Dor- Advance program. After a number of years' othy Dorland, of Sheyenne River Academy, experience in France and Haiti, Andre G. and Mrs. Roth are helping to prepare these home economics; 0. E. Simon, of Maple- wood Academy, printing. future missionaries for work in French- speaking lands. Language study in Ger- THE HALF-MILLION-DOLLAR BUILDING PRO- man and Russian is being continued. GRAM at Emmanuel Missionary College is being enthusiastically launched as students PACIFIC UNION COLLEGE PRESS is print- and faculty endeavor to raise their quota ing 10,000 sets of a new butterfly card game prepared by Mrs. Ruth of $30,000. called Monarch Wheeler, author of Goldfinch, and several LOUISE STUART IS ACTING PRINCIPAL of the books. She was assisted in collecting the demonstration school at Washington Mis- specimens by David Bauer, and in the art sionary College. work by Mrs. Nellie Wilkinson.

22 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION CHRISTMAS BOXES were sent by students APPROVED INSTITUTIONS for the education and teachers of Atlantic Union College to of returning war veterans include Walla former students now serving overseas. This Walla College. Several already discharged was done in collaboration with the Dorcas entered school in the fall quarter under the Society of the South Lancaster church, provisions of the "GI Bill of Rights." which is caring for its church and Sabbath school members and former local residents. LEAVE OF ABSENCE from Walla Walla College has been granted to Claude E. NEW INSTRUCTORS at South Lancaster Thurston, assistant professor of chemistry, Academy are Anita Britton, mathematics, for study at Washington State College, and bookkeeping, and typewriting; and Mrs. to Henry Sonnenberg, instructor in modern Frank Masaracchia, music. languages, for study at the University of Nebraska. B. M. KURTZ, who served as dean of boys at Columbia Academy, this year becomes LA SIERRA COLLEGE has added a new sec- its principal. tion to the administration building which provides a large lobby and eight offices for THE MAJOR ITEM OF REPAIR at Campion teachers and their readers; also a new unit Academy is a revision of its heating system to the elementary school building. at an approximate cost of $9,000. spent $2,000 BATTLE CREEK ACADEMY has added these on improvements in preparation for the teachers: J. G. Galusha, science and mathe- opening of the school. matics; David Hartman, commercial sub- jects;- Mrs. Hartman, music; Joan Kewley, AT A VICTORY BANQUET on October 9, English and French. Maplewood Academy's Booster Club awarded nineteen pennants showing forty- NEW FLUORESCENT LIGHTING FIXTURES in one gold stars, each star representing a new the chapel and classrooms of Adelphian student for whom a Booster was respon- Academy are proving a definite help in sible. study. • • MAPLEWOOD ACADEMY reports seven new NEW TEACHERS AT PISGAH INDUSTRIAL IN- faculty members this year: Mrs. Anna Ed- STITUTE are W. H. and Mrs. Ferciot, E. E, wardson, school nurse; E. L. Sorenson, Jean and Mrs.•. Messinger, Mrs. Joan Holt. Moncrieff Hill, Mrs. Standish Hoskins, mu- NEW TEACHERS AT LA SIERRA COLLEGE sk; Standish Hoskins, French and history; not already mentioned are Lyman Ham, R. A. and Mrs. Strickland, commercial; physical education; Martha Lorenz, home Mrs. Bessie Dickinson, laundry. economics; Mrs. John Smith, school nurse; and Miss Langdon Elmore, cashier. LYNWOOD ACADEMY lists new teachers as follows: Maudie Bryan, school nurse; Grant A SUMMER TERM at the National Univer- Mote, accountant; Mrs. Vivian Smith, Eng- sity of Mexico furnished both profit and lish; Harry Jenks, biology and physical ed- pleasure to Margarete Ambs, professor of ucation for boys; Victor Johnson, violin, modern languages at La Sierra College and cello, band. the four students who accompanied her to Mexico City. THE CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF MEDICAL TECHNICIANS has been designated by the JAMES E. SHULTZ is now teaching in the Veterans' Administration as an approved department of theology at Washington educational institution where those dis- Missionary College. charged from military service may receive Government aid in furthering their educa- THE STUDY OF SPANISH iS gaining interest tion. . at Washington Missionary College, due to the conversation period conducted by a na- G. STRIFLING, dean of men, and Mrs. tive of the language. The plan, initiated Strifling, prenursing instructor, are new last year, is being continued with a dou- members of the staff at Oshawa Missionary bling of the enrollment. College.

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 194A 23 SENIOR COLLEGE OPENING REPORTS ShOW an increased attendance this fall. Beginning with slightly over 400, the climax is reached at Walla Walla where 515 are doing college work. OPENING REPORTS FROM 42 ACADEMIES show increased attendance in all but twelve. The largest enrollment-341—is found at Lynwood, while Laurelwood has the largest increase over last year-47. THE COLLEGE OF MEDICAL EVANGELISTS on September 24, graduated one hundred thirty-six students: seventy-three from the four-year course in medicine, and sixty- PROTECT SOUR HOME FROM three from various other courses. TUBERCULOSIS THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY will profit by Autumn Council action providing AlkAlt. AL Ai AL L.. twelve months' continuous instruction for SCHOLARSHIP CHECKS AMOUNTING TO $35,- about forty students a year. These men are 000 were distributed to ninety students at to be chosen by the conferences from among Union College on October 11. those who have completed internships or from the regular ministry. PHOTOSTAT EQUIPMENT was recently in- stalled at Pacific Union College for photo- NEW FACULTY AND OTHER STAFF MEMBERS at Pacific Union College not previously graphing student transcripts, the first of its noted, are Helen_ Bliss Mathis, home eco- kind to be installed in any Adventist nomics; Carol Klooster, piano; Graham college. Maxwell, Greek and English; Charles Swan, NEW DIRECTOR OF TEACHER TRAINING at accountant; Mrs. Marion Stearns, laundry. Walla Walla College is Bernice E. Searle. Other new staff members not previously IN CELEBRATION OF THE CENTENNIAL ANNI- listed are Beatrice I. Emery, biology; Irm- VERSARY at Pacific Union College, A. T. gard Siemsen Hooper, modern languages; Robinson, aged ninety-four, and 0. 0. Farnsworth, aged eighty-eight, urged the Mary E. Oliver, library. G. Lindley Beane youth of today to give themselves anew to is in charge of the store, and Darrell Cowin God's work. At Walla Walla College the operates the garage. In the academy Wil- Missionary Volunteer Society presented a mer Eiseman teaches algebra and Bible. program of early Advent hymns, together CHARLES E. WENIGER has resumed his with pictures of the pioneers projected on duties as professor of English, speech, and the screen. journalism at Pacific Union College after PHYSICAL EDUCATION IS REQUIRED of all a year of study at the University of South- freshmen and sophomores at Pacific Union ern California. College this year. Army physical-fitness "PROFESSOR OF INSTITUTIONAL HOUSEKEEP- tests reveal the boys well above the average. ING," Gertrude Wheeler Carpenter makes I. C. EMERSON, who recently retired as serious business of supervising the crew of manager of Pacific Union College store, thirty students who keep the halls and class- died September 16 in Sacramento. rooms of Walla Walla College clean and orderly. M. J. SORENSON, principal of the West Indian Training College for four years, is AUTUMN COUNCIL ACTION authorized the returning to his former work in Ethiopia. College of Medical Evangelists to increase C. L. von Pohle will act as principal of the its teaching facilities and to develop larger school until permanent arrangements can opportunities for faculty research, especially be made. in the preclinical departments.

24 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION The School Nurse

HEALTH work has long been a it was discovered that her vision was defec- prominent factor in denominational work, tive, and she was sent to an oculist who but the employment of a full-time school fitted her with glasses. When she could see health worker is comparatively new, even in distinctly she was able to do her school- public schools. Miss Helen Struthers started work and soon became a perfectly normal, public school health nursing in New York happy, and successful girl. Another little City in 1902 on a thirty-day trial basis. At girl, not fortunate enough to be in a con- the end of the month her employment was ference where regular physical inspections made permanent. After three months were given, was thirteen years old before twenty-seven nurses were employed. her parents and teachers learned that she The health of children is recognized as had very little use of one eye. Early atten- of vital importance, even in these times of tion might have saved the use of the eye stress. "Not one of our children is ex- and much suffering and embarrassment. pendable, either in war or in peace. What- Similar cases could easily be cited with ever may happen to grownups, our children regard to hearing. must be kept safe, strong, and assured. Last year out of the twenty thousand Never have so many children depended on children in the public schools of Miami, so many people for their chance to grow Florida, twenty-three hundred required in safety, strength, and security."—U. S. De- dental treatment. Vaccinations and im- partment of Labor Bulletin. munizations have saved the lives of thou- The success with which conferences have sands of children. There is need for care- employed a full-time school health nurse ful work of this sort in every community. has depended to a great extent upon the A trained nurse with a consistent follow-up qualifications of the nurse. This school program can solve these problems. health program is a highly specialized serif- Teachers, school boards, and parents ice, and if it is to reach its possibilities the should counsel with the school nurse and nurse must have vision and experience on all work together to ensure the best possible a par with other branches of educational conditions for the development of the chil- work; she must have had training in edu- dren. Light meters, audiometers, Snellen cation as well as in nursing. Several years eye charts, with other simpler equipment, ago a Central California teacher was en- are available for use by school nurses. couraged to take nurse's training and then In addition to the health check of the come back as conference nurse. The result children, the nurse can encourage a survey is that she understands her work from the of buildings and grounds, including a study standpoint of both nurse and teacher. of the lighting, ventilation, and heating. The annual physical checkup of the chil- It is not uncommon for a listless, nervous, dren is important. The earlier defects are disorderly group of children to be trans- discovered, the more readily they can be formed into happy, busy, and successful remedied, and thus serious handicaps be pupils, when improper lighting and ventila- prevented. Young children may not know tion are corrected. that they are handicapped in sight or hear- The work of school nurses has been very ing, but when they are a little older they important in the past. It becomes doubly become self-conscious and embarrassed. A important now that so many physicians little third-grade girl made such slow prog- have been absorbed by the Army and it is ress in school that soon she would have difficult to secure medical attention. been classed as subnormal. Her schoolmates W. LESLIE AVERY, called her "funny." At the time of the Educational Superintendent, regular physical inspection of the pupils, Central California Conference. VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 25 "Books Are Gates"

MAY I go to the library?" What a published in 1937 by Charles Scribner's. usual request from a child who has accom- Sons, New York, and is priced at $1.28. plished his assigned task and is now ready All books should be numbered according for a treat. LIBRARY—the word itself to the Dewey System, which is not difficult sounds glamorous to a child. Somehow it for anyone who uses this book as a guide. is associated in his mind with interesting, The call numbers should be written on the mysterious, grown-up things. It is the backs, with white ink on dark bindings or teacher's privilege to foster this interest, and with black ink on light bindings. After to direct it in such a way as to develop a this has been done the backs and covers taste for the right kind of reading. This should be lacquered. This treatment takes. may be a determining influence toward some time but not much money, and it happy, useful lives. Many a young man is saves the books. Pockets and cards may be now serving his country in a special capacity obtained at small cost, and a satisfactory because as a boy he enjoyed reading on a file may be improvised from a shoe box. certain subject. When the opportunity A cheerful and helpful librarian is a came, he had a fund of knowledge, gleaned necessity to any library, whether large or during his spare moments. small. In the small school the teacher is EmiliePoulsson expresses this thought: the librarian, though where there are older "Books are keys to wisdom's treasure; pupils, one of them may assist her in this. Books are gates to lands of pleasure; An accurate record should be kept of books. Books are paths that upward lead; borrowed, and when they are due. Books are friends. Come, let us read." A bulletin board should carry lists of On the other hand, there are individuals the various Missionary Volunteer reading who depend solely upon the newsstands for courses, current and past, as an aid to stu- their reading material, having never been dents in completing courses. A reading taught to go elsewhere. Should they wan- table with picture books, pamphlets, and der into a library they would seek the light leaflets neatly arranged is a great asset to reading section, because they are not ac- the library. If the jackets from new books quainted with anything else. Heretofore are arranged about the room or in folios the importance and necessity of knowing accessible to the children, they will be in- how to use a library has been underesti- terested to read these books. All in all, mated, and many a student has completed the library should be a pleasant, restful his formal education without ever acquir- place, where children will love to spend ing this very essential tool for real living. their leisure time quietly. There should be some system of arrange- The child who is taught to enjoy and ment in every library, however small. The choose his reading material from a library most desirable method, because it is the thus arranged will later on be spared the simplest and most universally used, is the agony and embarrassment experienced by Dewey Decimal System. The Children's one who is not acquainted with libraries, Book on How to Use Books and Libraries, yet must prepare a research paper or other by Carolyn Mott and Leo B. Baisden, ex- material and does not know where to find plains this method to children in a very what he needs. One who is at home in the attractive manner, which grownups will library will frequent it not only of neces- appreciate and enjoy along with the sity, but will find pleasure there; for to him younger generation. This 207-page book "a book is an enchanted gate that leads contains fifty-four short chapters, each on a to magic lands." Too many individuals different phase of library work, and is illus- who were not taught to use a library in their trated by cartoonlike pictures. "Every early years never learn to do so, and thus chapter of this book ... has been put to the miss its sources of pleasure and usefulness. test of actual experience with real children LOUISE KAE UNRUH, Church School Teacher, in a real schOol situation." This book was. Yakima, Washington. 26 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION Have You Head? "There is a cause behind all strange be- of scientific method necessary for intelli- havior." Teachers are often faced with gent leadership. There seems to be little or problems of discipline which appear baf- no understanding of the relation of science fling, and if the child is to be helped, the to the welfare of mankind. cause of the trouble must first be discovered To meet this need colleges must devise and then removed. new courses, designed principally for non- One who has taught some 4,000 pupils scientists "in which the nature of science, tells how she handled a dual personality the concepts that apply to its various when extreme temper was manifested; and branches, the basic results achieved, will be how she helped to overcome feelings of presented systematically." This will pro- racial inferiority in a child who shouted, vide a comprehensive view of the subject "Can I help where I was born?" so that the average educated man will have "Children, like adults, have their inner a basic knowledge of science. problems and conflicts which often mani- The "combining principle" in the social fest themselves in strange behavior. These science group is employed in the study of problems cannot be handled by exhorta- history, embracing principles of economics, tion or coercion. They must be handled government, and sociology. The world of by understanding."—Lucy Swallow, "The today is a result of the historical past plus Peculiar Child—What Lies Behind His present circumstances and reactions. No Strange Behavior?" The Grade Teacher, leader can succeed without a knowledge September, 1944. at his command of how and why certain things in the past developed, together with One of the conspicuous needs of the post- the reactions and results which followed. war world will be leaders who will exem- Educators agree on the importance of the plify democracy in its truest sense. This first two fields of study named, but many may be met by the educational system es- fail to see justification for a study of the tablished to meet the needs of the young humanities. Since these deal with moral- men returning from the battle areas. ity, the author states, "There is no better Harry J. Carman, dean of Columbia Uni- way of getting young people to think about versity and professor of history since 1931, the moral life—the life of right action and in an article, "The Making of Leadership," right feeling—than through the study of the presents the fact that the colleges of this humanities." The marvel of this field of land have a task before them to which they study is its diversity, as found in art, music, must measure up. There are three groups literature, architecture, even philosophy, clamoring for recognition: "Some insist on which develops the individual. a purely technological training 'because As these youth return from the battle the world is ruled by science.' Others de- front, changed and matured by the experi- mand a so-called classical education 'be- ence of military service, many will wish cause classics contain everything.' A third to return to school. Are these institutions group is loudest in defense of the 'progres- ready to recognize that "of whatever eco- sive methods' for training personality and nomic level, of whatever color and creed, adjustment of human relations." the young men with good minds must be However, a study of the problem re- found and fostered; they are our greatest veals "that education for leadership must resource"? Young men of this class will be co-ordinate and effectively present the three found outside college halls as well as in- great divisions of ancient and modern side. Provision must be made for those learning: science, social science, and the hu- hampered by financial disability. manities." These three furnish the legs "It is no mere catchword that democracy to a balanced stool, for postwar education depends upon the right education."—Harry must not wobble in any respect. j. Carman, "The Making of Leadership," Fifty years of science teaching in schools The Saturday Review of Literature, Sept. and colleges have failed to give the grasp 16, 1944. VOL 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 27 New York State is planning the postwar "Contrast the college freshman with the "establishment of a comprehensive system college graduate. Then contrast the of technical institutes that will combine squeaking infant with the kindergart- the vocational and the liberal." ner. In which of these four-year periods A committee of the American Council on did the greater feats of learning take 'place? Education recently outlined a pattern for Who shall say that these parents are not general education for members of the armed teachers? They top a whole college fac- forces. Ten objectives were agreed upon: ulty—only they don't know it." health, English, social adjustment, family "The way in which a little child succeeds life, citizenship, science, literature, art, in getting what he wants from his parents philosophy, and vocation. determines lifelong qualities of character. The writer estimates that three fourths Many of the 'problems' of later childhood of all American youth "could profit by one and the 'storms and stresses' of adolescence or two additional years of formal educa- are the delayed outcomes of situations tion" following a rich elementary and sec- badly handled ten years earlier by well- ondary schooling. And in technical insti- meaning but ignorant and impulsive tutes and vocational junior colleges "the parents." mind of the student must not rest exclu- rteligious ideals and motives provide sively on the forty hours per week in which the soundest incentive for dealing with he will earn a living." Attention must also children. . . . be given to "the seventy waking hours that "The realization that all parents are will be devoted to . . . activities which will teachers and all homes are schools, whether determine his happiness, beyond anything for good or for ill, has disturbing implica- available in most occupations."—George D. tions for parents."—Harry C. Munro, "All Stoddard, "The 'Last Chance' Curriculum," Parents Are Teachers, All Homes Are The Saturday Review of Literature, Sept. Schools," The Christian Advocate, Oct. 5, 16, 1944. 1944.

SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY College of Medical Evangelists Loma Linda and Los Angeles, California

Approved by the Council on Medical Education and Hospitals of the American Medical Association

cv‘, OFFERS c-v‘, A twelve months course in physical therapy for technicians to those having the following prerequisites: 1. Two years of work in an accredited college including at least twelve hours of science, six hours of which must be biology, or 2. Graduation from an accredited school of nursing, or 3. Graduation from an accredited school of physical education.

Classes begin in January and July

For calendar and application blank, write to Chester C. Fink, Registrar, Loma Linda, California

9 8 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION INDEX TO VOLUME VI February, June, October, and December

"America's Blind Spot," WILLIAM A. SCHARF- "Federal Aid to Nursing Education," D. LOIS BUR- FENBERG, June, 20. NETT, February, 18. " . And So I Teach!" (symposium), June, 10. "Fifteen Popular Books," ARLENE MARKS and AVERY, W. LESLIE, "The School Nurse," Decem- FLODA V. SMITH, October, 26. ber, 25. "First-Grade Phonics," ADELAIDE CHRISTIAN, "Bible Curriculum for Secondary Schools," T. HOU- February, 8. SEL JEMISON, October, 17. FORD, PAUL, "Development of Good Study Hab- BIBLE (Teaching of): its," December, 6. Cottrell, Raymond F., "This One Thing I Do," FRANKLIN, ERNEST E., "Learn While You Earn," December, 4. June, 17. "Bible Workbooks for Grades One and Two," MA- "From Arithmetic to Algebra," IVAN R. NEILSEN, BEL CASSELL, October, 17. October, 8. BOOK LISTS: GAGE, NELLE P., "Summer Plans for Winter Marks, Arlene, and Smith, Floda V., "Fifteen Pop- School," June, 22. ular Books," October, 26. GEOGRAPHY (Teaching of): "Books Are Gates," LOUISE KAE UNRUH, Decem- Klose. S. Ellen, "Conservation," February, 10. ber, 26. GUIDANCE: BRADLEY, W. PAUL, "Education for the Children Clark, Walter B., "Who Is Sufficient?" October, 14. of Other Lands," June, 8. Cottrell, Raymond F., "This One Thing I Do," BURNETT, D. LOIS, "Federal Aid to Nursing Edu- December, 4. cation," February, 18. Johnson, Alvin W., "Chart Your Course," June, 5. CASSELL, MABEL, "Present Status of Intelligence Witzel, Clifford L., "Vocational Guidance in Sec- Testing," February, 12; "Bible Workbooks for ondary Schools," December, 8. Grades One and Two," October, 17. "Chart Your Course," ALVIN W. JOHNSON, June, "Have You Read?" February, 20; December, 27. 5. HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION: CHRISTIAN, ADELAIDE, "First-Grade Phonics," Avery, W. Leslie, "The School Nurse," Decem- February, 8. ber 25. "Christian Education Makes the Difference," CON- Dean, Olivia B., "Mental Hygiene for Prospective ARD N. REES, June, 7. Teachers," December, 18. "Christmas in the Church School," JAMES H. Ritz, Bert R., "School Lunches and Scholarship," RHOADS, December, 16. October, 20. CLARK, WALTER B., "Who Is Sufficient?" Octo- Seitz, Marion G., "A Long-Range Health Pro- gram," October, 18. ber, 14. "Health Evangelism Course," HAROLD M. WAL- COLPORTEUR WORK: TON, October, 21. Franklin, Ernest E., "Learn While YOu Earn," "Howell, W. E.-Scholar, Educator, Friend," CLIF- June, 17. "Conservation," S. ELLEN KLOSE, February, 10. FORD A. RUSSELL, December, 11. COTTRELL, RAYMOND F., "This One Thing I INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION: Do," December, 4. Jeys, George H., "Quit Being an Ostrich," June, 16. CURRICULUM: Olson, Arthur J., "Opportunities in School Indus- Mathews, George M., "The Shape of Things to tries," October, 15. Come-in Education," June, 18. "Into the Second Century" (editorial), December, 3. DART, ARCHA 0., "They Shall Be All Taught," June, 6. JEMISON, T. HOUSEL, "Bible Curriculum for DEAN, OLIVIA B., "Mental Hygiene for Prospective Secondary Schools," October, 17. Teachers," December, 18. JEYS, GEORGE H., "Quit Being an Ostrich," "Development of Good Study Habits," PAUL FORD, June, 16. December, 6. JOHNSON, ALVIN W., "Chart Your Course," "The Devotional Life of the Teacher," CARL F. June, 5. STABEN, February, 14. DICK, EVERETT N., "W. W. Prescott, Father ot KING, WILLIS L., "The Housemother Plan," Adventist Colleges," October, 7. December, 14. DISCIPLINE: KLOSE, S. ELLEN, "Conservation," February, 10. Padgett, Alma, "Secrets of Good Discipline," Feb- ruary, 24. "Learn While You Earn," ERNEST E. FRANKLIN, June, 17. "Education for the Children of Other Lands," W. LIBRARY: PAUL BRADLEY, June, 8. Unruh, Louise Kae, "Books Are Gates," Decem- ELEMENTARY METHODS AND PROJECTS: ber, 26. Cassell, Mabel, "Bible Workbooks for Grades One "A Long-Range Health Program," MARION G. and Two," October, 17. SEITZ, October, 18. Christian, Adelaide, "First-Grade Phonics," Feb- LUNDQUIST, H. B., "A Mighty Evangelizing ruary, 8. Agency," February, 7. "The Emphasis Shifts," WILLIAM A. SCHARF- FENBERG, December, 12. MARKS, ARLENE, "Fifteen Popular Books," Octo- Neilsen, Alice A., "Something Better," October, 16. ber, 26. VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 29 MATHEMATICS (Teaching of): "School Lunches and Scholarship," BERT R. RITZ, Neilsen, Ivan R., "From Arithmetic to Algebra," October, 20. October, 8. "The School Nurse," W. LESLIE AVERY, Decem- MATHEWS, GEORGE M., "The Shape of Things ber, 25. to Come-in Education," June, 18. "The Schools After the War" (editorial), October, 3. "Mental Hygiene for Prospective Teachers," OLIVIA "Second Parents" (editorial), February, 2. B. DEAN, December, 18. "Secrets of Good Discipline," ALMA PADGETT, "A Mighty Evangelizing Agency," H. B. LUND- February, 24. QUIST, February, 7. SEITZ, MARION G., "A Long-Range Health Pro- "Modern Languages," WILLIAM A. SCHARFFEN- gram," October, 18. BERG, October, 10. "The Shape of Things to Come-in Education," MUSIC (Teaching of): GEORGE M. MATHEWS, June, 18. Simonson, J. Alfred, "The School Band," Decedi- SIMONSON, J. ALFRED, "The School Band," De- ber, 21. cember, 21. SITTNER, HERMAN R., "Progressive Education in NEILSEN, ALICE A., "Something Better," Octo- Jesus' Teaching Method," February, 3. ber, 16. SMITH, FLODA V., "Fifteen Popular Books," Octo- NEILSEN, IVAN R., "From Arithmetic to Algebra," ber, 26. October, 8. "Something Better," ALICE A. NEILSEN, October, NELSON, H. R., "Why the Teacher Shortage?" 16. February, 19. STABEN, CARL F., "The Devotional Life of the "Now Learn a Parable," JAMES H. RHOADS, Octo- Teacher," February, 14. ber, 4. "Student Editorials," February, 16. NURSING EDUCATION: "Summer Plans for Winter School," NELLE P. Burnett, D. Lois, "Federal Aid to Nursing Educa- GAGE, June, 22. tion," February, 18. TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS: OLSON, ARTHUR J., "Opportunities in School Cassell, Mabel, "Present Status of Intelligence Industries," October, 15. Testing," February, 12. "Onward, Christian Soldiers" (symposium), June. 24. Preston, Effa A., "The Voice of the Low IQ," "Opportunities in School Industries," ARTHUR J. February, 23. OLSON, October, 15. "They Shall Be All Taught," ARCHA 0. DART, "Our Church School Dilemma," JOHN F. June, 6. WRIGHT, June, 14. "This One Thing I Do," RAYMOND F. COT- TRELL, December, 4. PADGETT, ALMA, "Secrets of Good Discipline," "Through the Eyes of the Dean," CLARA ROPER, February, 24. October, 12. "Prescott, W. W., Father of Adventist Colleges," "The Voice of the Low IQ," EFFA A. PRESTON, EVERETT N. DICK, October, 7. February, 23. "Present Status of Intelligence Testing," MABEL UNRUH, LOUISE KAE, "Books Are Gates," De- CASSELL, February, 12. cember, 26. PRESTON, EFFA A., "The Voice of the Low IQ," February, 23. "Vocational Guidance in Secondary Schools," CLIF- "The Professional Training of Our Ministry," DEN- FORD L. WITZEL, December, 8. TON E. REBOK, June, 9. WALTON, HAROLD M., "Health Evangelism "Progressive Education in Jesus' Teaching Method," Course," October, 21. HERMAN R. SITTNER, February, 3. "Who Is Sufficient?" WALTER B. CLARK, Octo- ber, 14. "Quit Being an Ostrich," GEORGE H. JEYS, "Why the Teacher Shortage?" H. R. NELSON, Feb- June, 16. ruary, 19. REBOK, DENTON E., "The Professional Training "With Such an Army" (editorial), June, 3. of Our Ministry," June, 9. WITZEL, CLIFFORD L., "Vocational Guidance in REES, CONARD N., "Christian Education Makes Secondary Schools," December, 8. the Difference," June, 7. WRIGHT, JOHN F., "Our Church School Di- RHOADS, JAMES H., "Now Learn a Parable," lemma," June, 14. October, 4; "Christmas in the Church School," December, 16. RITZ, BERT R., "School Lunches and Scholarship," October, 20. The JOURNAL of TRUE ROPER, CLARA, "Through the Eyes of the Dean," October, 12. RUSSELL, CLIFFORD A., "W. E. Howell-Scholar, Educator, Friend," December, 11. Education Printed by SCHARFFENBERG, WILLIAM A., "America's Blind Review and Herald Publishing Association Spot," June, 20; "Modern Languages," October, 10; Takoma Park, Washington, D.C. "The Emphasis Shifts," December, 12. W. HOMER TEESDALE, EDITOR "The School Band," J. ALFRED SIMONSON, De- HARVEY A. MORRISON Associates JOHN E. WEAVER cember, 21. THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION is published in February, SCHOOL HOMES: April, June, October, and December, by the Department of Clark, Walter B., "Who Is Sufficient?" October, 14. Education General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, King, Willis L., "The Housemother Plan," De- TakomaPark, Washington, D.C. The subscription price is $1 a year. cember, 14. Correspondence concerning subscriptions and advertising Roper, Clara, "Through the Eyes of the Dean," should be sent to the Review and Herald Publishing Associa- October, 12. tion. Address all editorial communications to the Editor. 30 THE JOURNAL OF TRUE EDUCATION

Evolution, Creation, and Science By DR. FRANK LEWIS MARSH, Professor of Biology, Union College, Lincoln, Nebraska

A New Book on the Origin of Modern Plants and Animals—Contains a Lucid, Easily Read Exposition of the Theory of Special Creation.

About the Author: Dr. Frank Lewis Marsh is a recognized biolo- gist who is listed in the latest edition of American Men of Science. Among the learned societies of which he is a member are the American Association for the Advancement of Science, The Ecological Society of America, and the Society for the Study of Speciation. His research in the fields of animal and plant ecology has resulted in valuable additions to science. Doctor Marsh has devoted the major portion of the last sixteen years of his life to the teaching of biology.

Reviewers Say: "A book destined to cause considerable stir in the field of philosophical science." . . . "A fair and accurate interpretation of the facts of nature." . . . "In many places it is positively revealing." . . . "Covers an important field." . . . "An interesting, nontheological work." . . . "Indicates exhaustive research." . . . "Has a revealing message for today." . . . "Material is presented in a painstaking way." . . . "The logic is faultless."

This book will acquaint you with the vital difference between theories of evolution and special creation.

CONTENTS Chapter 1. Unjustified Authority—a discussion recognized natural processes which produce of whether, in the light of demonstrable facts, changes in plants and animals, and portraying modern scientists are justified in speaking with- the demonstrated limitations of the processes. authority as regards a theory of origins of plants Chapter 9. Hybridization—a very profitable and animals. chapter discussing the extent to which cross- Chapter 2. Evolution and Special Creation De- breeding can occur in nature, and containing fined—an extremely important chapter present- many examples. ing the basic assertions of the two theories. Chapter 10. Modern Species and the Genesis Kind—a pithy discussion of the species concept Chapter 3. Scholasticism and Modern Theories and the present-day limits of the Genesis kind. of Origins--a presentation of the historical facts which are vital to an understanding of the theo- Chapter 11. Variation Since the Noachian Flood ries of modern evolutionists and creationists. —a challenging discussion of the extent to which variation in organisms has gone since the Deluge. Chapter 4. The Scientific Method—its definition Chapters 12 to 15. Significance of the Evidence and practicability in the matter of construction From Classification and Morphology, Embryology of theories of origins. and Physiology, From Paleontology, and Geo- Chapter 5. The Physical Basis of Life—a most graphical Distribution—containing very interest- interesting and revealing chapter on the struc- ing studies of the bearing which these facts have ture of protoplasm. . on a correct theory of origins. Chapter 6. Are Scriptural Theories of Life Be- Chapter 16. Biological Adaptation. ginnings Obsolete?—a study of the assertions of Chapter 17. A Creationist's Creed. an analysis of the Bible relative to origins and Chapter 18. Evolution or Variation Within the their scientific accuracy. Kind 7—a well-written summarizing chapter. Chapters 7 and 8. Processes of Variation in Literature Cited—six pages of scientific liter- Organisms—informative chapters picturing the ature.

304 Pages-$2.50 Prices Higher in Canada. Add Sales Tax Where Required.

ORDER FROM YOUR BOOK AND BIBLE HOUSE

Published by the Review and Herald Publishing Assn., Takoma Park, Washington 12, D. C.

VOL. 6, NO. 4, DECEMBER, 1944 31 "THE FRIENDLY COLLEGE"

Union College—the school with a great past, a progressive present. and a bright future. Founded by men of vision, it has given its sons and daughters a view of the needs of a troubled world.

Write to— Registrar, Union College, Lincoln 6, Nebraska