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The Ritual Performance and Liminal Bleed of the Beltane Fire Festival, Edinburgh
Please note: this is a final draft version of the manuscript, published in the book Rituals and Traditional Events in the Modern World (2014). Edited by Jennifer Laing and Warwick Frost. Part of the Routledge Advances in Event Research Series: http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415707367/ Layers of passage: The ritual performance and liminal bleed of the Beltane Fire Festival, Edinburgh Ross Tinsley (a) Catherine M Matheson (b) a – HTMi, Hotel and Tourism Management Institute Switzerland, 6174 Soerenberg, Kanton Luzern, Switzerland T: +41 (0) 41 488 11 E: [email protected] b – Division of Business, Enterprise and Management, School of Arts, Social Sciences and Management, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Queen Margaret University Drive, Musselburgh, East Lothian EH21 6UU T: +44 (0) 131 474 0000 E: [email protected] Introduction This chapter examines the ritual performance of the Beltane Fire Festival (BFF) which occurs annually on the 30th April on Calton Hill, Edinburgh. The BFF is a contemporary reinterpretation of an ancient Celtic festival celebrating the passage of the seasons. It is a spring festival marking the end of winter and the beginning of summer. As such, the underlying symbolism of the BFF is renewal and rebirth, given the relationship to the passage of the seasons and, furthermore, fertility of people, land and livestock (BFS 2007; Frazer 1922). The contemporary BFF is an interesting context as while it is based on a traditional agrarian and calendrical rite of passage celebrating the passage of a season, it also embodies life-crises style rites of passage for many of the performers in its modern re-interpretation as a liminoid experience (Turner 1975). -
Calendar of Holidays September 2017 - September 2018
If you have any comments, questions or corrections regarding the below calendar, please contact CSEE at 800.298.4599, or [email protected]. Calendar of Holidays September 2017 - September 2018 September 1 (Begins at sundown on August 31 st) [Moves] Eid al-Adha (Islam) Eid al-Adha is the Festival of Sacrifice held at the conclusion of the Hajj. Those who can afford to do so sacrifice their best domestic animals, such as sheep or cows. This practice recalls Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son, in obedience to God, and commemorates God's forgiveness. September 1 Church year begins (Orthodox Christianity) This day marks the beginning of the Orthodox Christian liturgical calendar. September 8 Nativity of Mary (Christianity) This feast originates in fifth century Jerusalem and celebrates the birth of the Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus. This is recognized in the Orthodox, Roman Catholic and Anglican Churches. September 12 Ghambar Paitishem (Zoroastrianism) This is the third of the six Ghambar festivals in the Zoroastrian year. This five-day seasonal festival celebrates the creation of the earth, and the summer crop harvest. September 14 Holy Cross Day (Christianity) This day recognizes the Cross as a symbol of triumph in the Christian religion. The date traces back to the dedication of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher on September 14, 335. By order of Saint Helena and her son, the first Christian Roman Emperor Constantine, the church was built over the ruins of the Crucifixion and Burial sites in Israel. According to some traditions, it was also at this site that Helena found the True Cross. -
Irish Landscape Names
Irish Landscape Names Preface to 2010 edition Stradbally on its own denotes a parish and village); there is usually no equivalent word in the Irish form, such as sliabh or cnoc; and the Ordnance The following document is extracted from the database used to prepare the list Survey forms have not gained currency locally or amongst hill-walkers. The of peaks included on the „Summits‟ section and other sections at second group of exceptions concerns hills for which there was substantial www.mountainviews.ie The document comprises the name data and key evidence from alternative authoritative sources for a name other than the one geographical data for each peak listed on the website as of May 2010, with shown on OS maps, e.g. Croaghonagh / Cruach Eoghanach in Co. Donegal, some minor changes and omissions. The geographical data on the website is marked on the Discovery map as Barnesmore, or Slievetrue in Co. Antrim, more comprehensive. marked on the Discoverer map as Carn Hill. In some of these cases, the evidence for overriding the map forms comes from other Ordnance Survey The data was collated over a number of years by a team of volunteer sources, such as the Ordnance Survey Memoirs. It should be emphasised that contributors to the website. The list in use started with the 2000ft list of Rev. these exceptions represent only a very small percentage of the names listed Vandeleur (1950s), the 600m list based on this by Joss Lynam (1970s) and the and that the forms used by the Placenames Branch and/or OSI/OSNI are 400 and 500m lists of Michael Dewey and Myrddyn Phillips. -
Paganism Is a Group of Religions That Includes, Wiccans, Druids, Heathens and Others.1 They Share a Common Reverence for the Earth
PaganPaganiiiissssmmmm Paganism is a group of religions that includes, Wiccans, Druids, Heathens and others.1 They share a common reverence for the Earth. Some see it as a living system to be taken care of; some see it as a living deity to be worshiped; some see it as Mother-Earth who provides and cares for her children; some see it as a combination of all three. Most strands of Paganism are rooted in European folklore, though some take their inspiration from North American, African, or other cultures. All claim to predate Christianity. It is estimated that there are over 250,000 Pagans in the British Isles today. God Pagans worship the divine in many different forms, both male and female. The most important and widely recognised are the God and Goddess (or Gods and Goddesses) whose annual cycle of giving birth and dying defines the Pagan year. Pagans can be pantheists, polytheists, duotheists, or monists. Most acknowledge the existence of Nature spirits — river spirits, dryads, elves, pixies, fairies, gnomes, goblins and trolls — and ancestral spirits and often engage with them in prayer. Some do not believe in deities at all but simply revere Nature. Creation The aim of Pagan ritual is to make contact with the divine in the world that surrounds us. Pagans are deeply aware of the natural world and see the power of the divine in the ongoing cycle of life and death. Pagans are, understandably, concerned about the environment — most try to live so as to minimise harm to it — and about the preservation of ancient sites of worship. -
Beltane 2018 Beltane Blessings! May 1St Marks the Calendar Day That We Traditionally Celebrate This Ancient Holy Day of Fertility
Beltane 2018 Beltane Blessings! May 1st marks the calendar day that we traditionally celebrate this ancient holy day of fertility. Way back before there was the gregorian calendar, we celebrated by the moon + Beltane was most definitely a full moon party. Lunar Beltane is on 4/29 this year. The time between these days is sacred, witchy + magical. CREATE SACRED SPACE FOR THIS SACRED TIME I always start with a blessing as I create sacred space. Sit in a quiet place. Play soothing music. Intentionally create the container for your ritual. When you are ready, say this aloud: Bless me at this holy time, as I honor the traditions of my ancient sisters. I hold space for myself + for all living creatures on this planet. May the blessings be... And so it is! © 2018 The Moon Sisterhood themoonsisterhood.com for personal use only Wheel of !X The Year There are 8 Sabbats/holy days or spokes in the wheel of the year: Four of the Sabbats fall on the solstices + equinoxes are also known as “quarter days” or “Lesser Sabbats” + are also referred to as “Sun Sabbats” (as they are based on the astronomical position of the sun) The other four fall (approximately) midway be- tween these + are commonly known as “cross- quarter days”, “fire festivals” or “Greater Sabbats” + are sometimes called “Moon Sabbats”. They may be observed on the full moon closest to the traditional festival date (or the second full moon after the preceding Sun Sabbat). The ritual observances of the full moon are known as Esbats. Traditionally, the Sabbats are times of celebration, while “magical work” is done at the Esbats. -
The Festival of Beltane
The festival of Beltane Jennifer Uzzell Religion Media Centre Collaboration House, 77-79 Charlotte Street, London W1T 4LP | [email protected] Charity registration number: 1169562 Beltane is generally celebrated about 1 May, although some Pagans celebrate it at the halfway point between the spring equinox and the summer solstice, which falls about 5 May. Some Pagans celebrate Beltane when the May blossom (hawthorn) first starts to bloom, which means there might be considerable local variation. It is one of the eight festivals associated with the “wheel of the year”, which was devised in its current form by Ross Nichols and Gerald Gardner in the middle of the 20th century and is followed by many modern Pagans. Beltane means bright fire, or possibly “fire of Bel”. Bel or Belenus (“bright one”) was probably a Celtic fire god. It is also, sometimes, known as Calan Mai. The wheel of the year comprises four solar festivals (all dates are approximate) marking the winter solstice (21 December), the spring (or vernal) equinox (21 March), the summer solstice (21 June), and the autumn equinox (21 September). These are separated by four “fire festivals” that are probably connected to the ancient farming year. They are Imbolc (2 February), Beltane (1 May), Lughnasadh (2 August), and Samhain (2 November, although some Pagans celebrate it on 31 October to coincide with the Christian festival of Halloween.) Some believe that the festivals of Beltane and Samhain were originally the most important, marking the beginning and end of summer, and that they have particular significance to pastoral rather than agricultural societies, meaning that they may date from a time when the early Celtic people, or even the Indo-Europeans, were primarily herders of animals practising transhumance, the moving of livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle. -
Beltane Serpentstar 2011
Serpentstar Newsletter for members of e Order of Bards, Ovates and Druids in the Southern Hemisphere !!"#$%&&'()%*%+& Beltane 2011 Edition About Serpentstar... About SerpentstarSerpentstar... comes out four times a year at each of the Fire SerpentstarFestivals, Imbolc, comes Beltane, out fourLugnasadh times a andyear Samhuinn. at each of the Fire Festivals, Imbolc, Beltane, Lugnasadh and Samhuinn. Opinions expressed in Serpentstar are contributors’ own and Opinionsnot necessarily expressed opinions in Serpentstar of the editor orare of contributors’ the Order of own Bards, and notOvates necessarily and Druids. opinions of the editor or of the Order of Bards, Ovates and Druids. Deadline for next issue: 20 July, 2011 SubmissionDeadline Deadline for for next Next issue: Issue: 20 January July, 20,2011 2012 Subscriptions: SubscriptionsOnline - Free as: a .pdf from www.serpentstar.wordpress.com Online - Free as a .pdf from www.serpentstar.wordpress.com AU$12.50, AU$15 Rest of world AU$12.50,Via Bank Deposit: AU$15 Rest Westpac of world Bank, Salt Productions, BSB: 032016 ViaAcct: Bank 297976 Deposit: Westpac Bank, Salt Productions, BSB: 032016 Acct:Via Paypal: 297976 to [email protected] ViaPlease Paypal: email: to [email protected] [email protected] to advise if you have Pleasemade a email: payment, [email protected] including your postal address. to advise if you have made a payment, including your postal address. www.serpentstar.wordpress.com www.serpentstar.wordpress.com Have you contributed to Serpentstar yet? HaveWe’d loveyou contributedto hear from to you! Serpentstar yet? We’dContributions love to hear are from eagerly you! sought for future editions. -
Learning Froid Sauer and Le Guin Deborah]. Keirsey
Madness as Method in Ireland: Learning FroiD Sauer and Le Guin Deborah]. Keirsey Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University Method is whatever you need to use for the end you are trying to reach. 0. - Carl Sauer (1961 kited in Newcomb, 1976)) Apollo, tire god of liglrt, of reason, of proportion, harmony, number- Apollo blinds tlrose who press too close in worship. Don't look straiglrt at tire sun. Go into a dark bar and /rave a beer witlr Dionysios, every now and then. I talk about tire gods, I am an atheist. But I am an artist too, and therefore a liar: Distrust everytlring I say. I am telling the trutlr. Tire only trutlr I can understand or express is, logically defined, a lie. Psychologically defined, a symbol. Aestlretically defined, a nretaplwr. -Ursula K. Le Guin (1976). Introdudion This paper discusses the inherent potential of field work, at least in the "Berkeley School" tradition of cultural geography, to be something more than a truth-seeking method. For example, it can also be an opportu nity to experience living "by one's wits" and taking risks in strange and perhaps hostile environments. I will explore the extent to which tradi tional attitudes about field work in cultural geography might be up dated to accommodate uncertainties in expected outcomes that charac terize contemporary times. I intend to accentuate the adventurous rather than the arduous nature of cultural geographic field work in post-in dustrial times and places. To achieve wider acceptance of this potential today, I encourage human geographers-and particularly female cul tural geographers-to continue expanding the meanings, possibilities and purposes of what presently counts as legitimate scholarly inquiry in the field. -
Beltane Booklet
BELTANE BEGIN ANEW MAPS & TOOLS CONTENTS BOX CONTENTS | BELTANE BELTANE | CHRONICLE, CELEBRATION & ALTAR BUILDING A FAIRY HOME RECIPE | FRESH FLOWER SALAD CAST YOUR CIRCLE BELTANE QUESTION & AFFIRMATION FIRESTARTING RITUAL BOX CONTENTS | BELTANE BELTANE BATH SOAK with CARNELIAN STONE Soak and emerge with a fresh readiness for the days ahead. This cotton satchel contains dried flower petals of rose, chrysanthemum, calendula, and cornflower. Combined with Himalayan salt, and a gorgeous carnelian stone charged under the full moon, it is your luxury blend for the perfect Beltane bath soak. Relax and prepare the body by adding the contents to warm bathwater. Remove the stone from the bath before draining and place it upon your altar. CATALYST GOAT’S MILK SOAP We can provoke change and continue to support our vital energies. The key is to be anchored and focused. This is accomplished not through force, but instead through a type of surrender. We become like the center of a wheel, very still and aware, as all else spins around us. With this in mind, key notes in Catalyst goat’s milk soap are geranium, cedar, and grapefruit. Utilize their properties to spark delight and a focused energy as you wash and prepare your body for Beltane’s blissful celebrations. FIRESTARTER BUNDLE —SAP WOOD, YELLOW ROSES, BARK & BRANCHES Locally sourced, Colorado bark and branches from pine and aspen trees, are gathered together with a sap wood which ignites quickly with ease. Yellow roses, a long-lived symbol of jubilation and the hue of an undying flame, adorn your bundle to represent the tradition of gathering yellow flowers for Beltane, while contributing to your bundle’s protective nature. -
IRELAND C.980-1229 Máire Ní Mhaonaigh
PERCEPTION AND REALITY: IRELAND c.980-1229 Máire Ní Mhaonaigh Hi Kalaind Auguist cen ail tiagtís ind cech tress blíadain; agtís secht ngraifne im gním nglé secht laithe na sechtmaine. And luaitís fri bága bil certa ocus cána in cóicid, cech recht ríagla co rogor cech tress blíadna a chórogod. ‘On the kalends of August free from reproach they would go thither every third year: they would hold seven races, for a glorious object, seven days in the week. There they would discuss with strife of speech the dues and tributes of the province, every legal enactment right piously every third year it was settled.’1 This eleventh-century depiction of a gathering (óenach) held at regular intervals at Carmain provides an imagined glimpse of medieval Ireland at work and play. Conventionally but misleadingly translated ‘fair’, the óenach was an institution in which the wider community played a part. Among those said to have been assembled on this particular occasion were ‘the clerics and laity of the Leinstermen, as well as the wives of the nobility’ (clérig, láeich Lagen ille, mnái na ndagfher). Fasting was undertaken there ‘against wrong and oppression’ (ra 1 Metrical Dindshenchas, iii, 18-19 (lines 208-16). I am grateful to my colleague, Dr Fiona Edmonds, for perceptive comments on what follows. 1 anrecht, ra écomlund).2 Misconduct was forbidden;3 knowledge was imparted of various kinds.4 Kings controlled these occasions, convening an óenach for a variety of reasons. It was to celebrate his accession to the kingship of Leinster that the óenach at Carmain was held by Donnchad mac Gilla Phátraic in 1033 and this poem may mark that specific event.5 Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, king of Mide, had earlier hosted a similar assembly at Tailtiu [Teltown, County Meath] in 1007, when he had already been ruling for more than a quarter of a century and had achieved considerable success.6 His revival of óenach Tailten was designed to bolster his authority further, and it too was commemorated in a composition attributed to Máel Sechnaill’s court-poet, Cúán ua Lothcháin. -
Magic in the Shadows
® ™ By Stephen Kenson Gavin Lowry (order #25533) 64.90.193.6 Chummer, I can write a book on what you don’t know. Can you design a spell or enchant a dag- ger? Can you invoke a great spirit or divine the future? Have you bared your soul to the Dweller on the Threshold during an astral quest? You’ve got a lot to learn—not even dragons know all there is to know about Magic in the Shadows. Magic in the Shadows is a source- book for the Shadowrun® roleplay- ing game that expands on the basic magic concepts and provides advanced magic rules. For players, this book offers new magical paths, metamagic, totems and more than 75 new spells. For the gamemaster, there are new rules for initiation, spirits, astral security, magical threats and more! For use with Shadowrun, Third Edition. ® Gavin Lowry (order #25533) 64.90.193.6 Gavin Lowry (order #25533) 64.90.193.6 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 6 Path of the Steward 21 Developer’s Say 6 Path of the Bard 21 THE AWAKENED WORLD 8 Path of the Druid 21 The Magical Child 8 Path of the Rígh 21 Religion 10 Aspected Path Magicians 21 The Law 11 Path of the Adept 21 Business 12 Athlete’s Way 21 Medicine 13 Artist’s Way 22 Popular Culture 13 Warrior’s Way 22 Street Magic 13 Invisible Way 22 THE PATHS OF MAGIC 14 Spirit Way 22 Path of the Shaman 16 Totem Way 22 Wilderness and Urban Shamans 16 Magician’s Way 22 Spirits of the Elements 16 Magical Traditions 24 Ancestor Shamans 16 Awakened Oddities 26 Pantheism 16 Psionics 26 Path of the Mage 17 Miracles 27 Hermetic Schools 17 Madness 27 Elemental Mages 17 THE -
Pagan Spirituality Copy
Pagan Spirituality When t Voice of t Divine i Female What is Paganism??? From the Latin ‘paganus’ “People of the Earth” Paganism is principally rooted in the old religions of Europe, though some adherents also find great worth in the indigenous beliefs of other countries. Such belief in the sacredness of all things can be found world-wide. Pagans see this as their heritage, and retain the beliefs and values of their ancestors in forms adapted to suit modern life. Let’s put this in a little context - it began as something ascribed by the Roman military to indicate civilians, or non-military. From there it was adopted by the general population of Rome and devolved to reflect the non-cosmopolitan - those who followed the old ways, and then, more contemptuously, hillbillies - the unwashed, the uneducated… So - who WERE those people??? Pytagoreans Celebratng te Sunrise 6 BCE Goddess Ancient Mothers Vestonicka Venus Sheela-na-gig Venus of Willendorf 1100 CE 28000 BCE 29000 BCE Venus of Laussel Sleeping Woman of Malta Venus of Lespugue 3300 BCE 20000 BCE 25000 BCE G A I A “Women’s power to create life, apparently out of their own substance, and to respond with fearful and mys9cal blood cycles to the phases of the moon, made them creatures of magic in the eyes of primi9ve men, who knew themselves unable to match such powers. Thus women took on the roles of intermediaries between humanity and spiritual powers. They became seers, priestesses, healers, oracles, lawmakers, judges, and agents of the Great Mother Goddess who gave birth to the universe.”