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SIFAS Festival of Indian Classical Music and Dance Began in 2003, Has Become a Significant and Much Anticipated Event in the Indian Cultural Calendar of Singapore

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SIFAS Festival of Indian Classical Music and Dance Began in 2003, Has Become a Significant and Much Anticipated Event in the Indian Cultural Calendar of Singapore PAPER: 3 Detail Study Of Bharatanatyam, Devadasis-Natuvnar, Nritya And Nritta, Different Bani-s, Present Status, Institutions, Artists Module 35 Bharatanatyam In Singapore The Early Years 19th Century {Pre-War Year} Singapore has a relatively short history of Bharatanatyam. Between the years 1819 to 1945, Indian workers were brought by the British to Singapore from various Indian provinces like Madras, Bengal, Punjab, Orissa and Gujarat who carried with them their culture and folk songs. There are also early 20th century Tamil literary accounts of courtesans in Singapore. Both Tamil and Telugu-speaking Devadasi-kalavantulu / कलावंतुल ू communities had arrived the region. In the early 20th century, classical dance and music from South India were performed by visiting dance troupes. Temples were the centers of music and dance from the 1920s to 1940s, and provided the artistes a platform for performance, especially during festivities like Navaratri and Mandalabhishekam / मंडलाभिशेकम. After having self-government in 1959, Singapore formed the Ministry of Culture to encourage the preservation and development of Chinese, Malay, and Indian dances. Bharatanatyam is said to have transmitted as one of the first South Asian Arts from India to Singapore. 1959-1969 are considered to be the pre-professional dance years as the economy was the main concern during that time. Therefore, the dance faced the years of struggle for establishment. The development of Bharatanatyam form in Singapore is based on its 1 social, economic and political development. Although there has always been a conflict and struggle for the acceptance and rejection of influence of western dance style, serious efforts have been made from time to time to preserve the authenticity of the art forms. Singapore, being a multiracial country, provides opportunities for all the cultures to grow simultaneously in harmony. Singapore built its first National Theatre in 1963. People's Association Dance Company was founded in the 1970s. Indian migrants in Singapore felt the need of teaching Indian music and dance to their children in order to protect their self-identity and culture. This resulted in founding schools for imparting training in Indian classical music and dance during the early years of 1949-1977. In a period where formal performance spaces and organizations such as the Esplanade, the Substation, National Arts Council had yet to established themselves, temples provided the platform for many artistes and students for performance during temple festivals. PIONEERS AND LEADING INSTITUTONS K. P. Bhaskar and Bhaskar's Arts Academy A premier academy of performing arts, Bhaskar's Arts Academy Ltd., was founded in 1952 by Mr. Krishna Pillai Bhaskar (1925-2013). K. P. Bhaskar was an award-winning dance artiste, a legend in his own time and dance icon. In his young age he took training from a celebrated dancer Gopinath. He also received patronage from the Maharaja of Travancore. Subsequently he learnt Kathakali, Manipuri, Kathak, Sri Lankan Kandian dance and even ballet. He also had privilege of learning under the famous Uday Shankar. Bhaskar went to Sri Lanka and became close friend of the High Commissioner and received an opportunity to travel to Australia. On the way he 2 stopped over in Singapore and by a strange twist of fate he remained in Singapore only for rest of his life. Mrs. Shantha Bhaskar joined her husband in 1957. Mrs. Bhaskar was trained at Kerala Kalamandalam. Both husband and wife contributed a lot to preserve, promote and propagate Indian classical dance, especially Bharatanatyam and Kathakali. Bhaskar’s maintains a record of the most active, creative and bright career in the field of teaching and performing. The Academy also holds Nrityalaya music and dance classes in collaboration with community centers. The Academy has its own Kathakali troupe, the only one of its kind in the world outside India. It also runs a gallery dedicated to Indian visual arts. They expanded their vision of popularizing Indian dance and music by collaborating with Indonesian, Thai, Malay and even modern dance styles. In December 2004, one of the senior students of Smt. Shantha Bhaskar, Niramala Sheshadri organized an International Dance Conference in Singapore with the help of her Guru and supported by the National Arts Council. Singapore Indian Fine Arts Society Singapore Indian Fine Arts Society was born in 1949 by a joint effort of S.N. Durai, K.P.A. Menon and R.V. Subban with a thought of providing opportunities to Indian children to attend the performances and expose them to Indian classical music and dance. In the early years, the Society's main focus was on presenting music and dance concerts by local artistes as well as artistes from overseas. But later on, realizing the need of a formal academy for training in Indian classical music and dance, they concentrated their efforts in forming an Academy in 1956. It began with the staff of 12 and today it has Principal, Academy registrar, 22 full time teachers, over 1500 3 members and 1800 students learning different disciplines such as Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Carnatic vocal music, Violin, Veena, Mridangam, Hindustani vocal music, Sitar, Tabla and Visual arts. SIFAS follows the Kalakshetra style and curriculum of Bharatanatyam. It hires teachers and examiners from Kalakshetra. SIFAS took initiative to hold a fortnight-long, music and dance festival for the first time in 2003 to showcase talents from Singapore as well as from abroad. The festival has now become a regular feature and has grown bigger and bigger over the years in terms of quality performances by renowned artistes and large audiences from various regions. In the past 66 years of SIFAS’ history, several famous dancers and musicians from India have visited the Academy to perform and conduct workshops and many joined the Academy to teach music and dance. The first full-time teachers were a team of husband and wife, Sankari Krishnan and Vadakancheri Krishnan. Sankari, an alumna of Darpana (founded by Mrinalini Sarabhai) and Kalakshetra, taught Bharatanatyam, vocal music and veena and Krishnan taught mridangam. The syllabus was set for an initial five years and another three years of advanced course. On the completion of 8 years, a student receives a Diploma certificate and ‘Visharad' award is given to a student who receives the highest marks. Today SIFAS is a biggest institution of Indian Arts in Singapore. Dr. Uma Rajan Dr. Uma Rajan played an important role in preservation and promotion of art and culture in Singapore. Since mid-1950s Uma Rajan is known for her multiple personalities of being dancer, musician, choreographer, distinguished master of ceremonies, 4 promoter of classical programmes and adviser to cultural organizations including Community Centres, early member of National Arts Council, conceptualizer and first Director of Festival of Asian Performing Arts. Rathi Karthigesu Another important pioneer figure in Bharatanatyam history of Singapore is Rathi Karthigesu who held center stage from 1950 to 1970. She began her training in dance at the time when dance was not considered as a respectful art form. With strong determination and passion to pursue dance she overcame the odds and took training firstly from K. P. Bhaskar and later from Sankari Krishnan, a Kalakshetra trained dancer in SIFAS. She performed widely in Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and the United Kingdom. Apsaras Arts Apsaras Arts was founded in Singapore in 1977 by Shri S. Sathyalingam and Smt. Neila Sathyalingam of Kalakshetra, India. Both husband and wife are of Sri Lankan origin. Neila also learnt Kathak, Kathakali, Mohiniattam, and Manipuri apart from Bharatanatyam from Kalakshetra. She taught in Kalakshetra for a few years and married musician Sathiyalingam. In the mid-1970s, Sathiyalingam secured a job as a Regional Manager in a chemical company in Singapore and the couple moved to Singapore. They established Apsaras Arts which started with 20 students and grew rapidly in strength of student numbers and significance. Trained under this institutions, many senior students have branched out in and outside of Singapore (Malaysia, Australia, Japan, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, France and United states) under the name of Apsaras. Neila ran classes at Cairnhill and Tanglin Community Centers and was 5 appointed in 1982 by the People's Association (PA) to form a dance group and perform at various community centers. this was in alignment with government's intent to involve people across all strata of society in cultural activities. She has choreographed dance productions for over 13 Chingay parades which take place every year during the Chinese New Year. Focusing on creative productions, Apsaras has groomed into professional dance company since 2007 and participated in many national and International festivals. Recognizing their contribution in the field, National Arts Council, Singapore, have chosen Apsaras Arts Ltd., for major grant for the period April 2014-March 2017. Temple of Fine Arts Temple of Fine Arts (TFA), also known as Kala Mandir, was founded in 1981 by Swami Shantanand Sarasvati of India. Their initial offerings were student performances and short dance ballets which grew over a period of time into full-length dance dramas and musical productions. The spirit created by Swamiji is continued by TFA where everybody, whether trained or otherwise, joins in during the preparations of stage productions-home grown musical and dance talents, script-writers, painters, backdrop creators, housewives doing make-up and tailoring costumes and even designing and making jewelry, all performed with a strong family spirit and lots of fun. Temple of Fine Arts offers both genres of North and South Indian music and dance. Besides Singapore, TFA has branches in Malaysia (particularly Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Melaka, and Johor Bharu), in India (Coimbatore, Pune and Chennai), Sri Lanka, US and in Australia (Perth). Over the past 20 years TFA has presented many large-scale productions like Swan Lake, Madame Butterfly, Legend of Princess Mahsuri, and particularly Ramayana involving Indian, Indonesian and 6 Thai dance forms.
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