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Nutritional Evaluation and Storage Stability of Multigrain Nutri-Chikki

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Nutritional Evaluation and Storage Stability of Multigrain Nutri-Chikki International Journal of Chemical Studies 2018; 6(5): 3253-3259 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2018; 6(5): 3253-3259 Nutritional evaluation and storage stability of © 2018 IJCS Received: 01-07-2018 multigrain Nutri-chikki Accepted: 02-08-2018 K Abhirami K Abhirami and L Karpagapandi M.Sc Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Community Science College and Abstract Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Chikki a traditional confectionery product prepared using groundnut and jaggery is preferred by people of Agricultural University, all age group in India. An attempt was made to enrich its nutritional quality by developing a multigrain Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India Nutri-chikki with millets, pulse, oil seeds and seeds of pumpkin and flax and also assessed the nutritional and storage stability. The standardized multigrain Nutri-chikki was organoleptically evaluated using a L Karpagapandi sensorial affective hedonic scale. The results indicates that multigrain Nutri-chikki comprises of protein Assistant Professor (FSN), 14.78 g, fat 16.6 g, fiber 4.1 g and minerals like iron 9.67 mg, calcium 269.9 mg, potassium 839.75 mg, Department of Family Resource phosphorus 565.1 mg, magnesium 462.92 mg which is nutritionally superior to groundnut chikki and it Management, Community showed acceptable sensory score of 8.3 for overall characteristics against groundnut chikki (7.8). The Science College and Research chikkis stored at TP2 and TP3 had an acceptable sensory score at the end of storage period (20 days) at Institute, Tamil Nadu room temperature. Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India Keywords: Traditional snack, multigrain, Nutri-chikki, nutritional, storage stability 1. Introduction Nowadays people are more conscious about their health and hence they started to focus on nutritional content of the food they eat more than the taste. Hence the multigrain products becomes famous due to the presence of mixture of nutrients in it and also people in the present world have no time to find out specific foods for each nutrient and eat. Therefore, they prefer multigrain products, which provide them with their expected nutrients in a single food. All ages of population, mainly children prefer multi nutrient snack more than the multi nutrient foods. There are many traditional foods in India, which also include confectionary products that give us good and unique taste and also healthy for human beings. Among those, Chikki plays an important role in ready to eat traditional sweet products that is preferred by all age groups of our population. In chikki, there are different types based on the added ingredients such as groundnut chikki, sesame chikki, roasted bengal gram chikki etc. Nowadays, multigrain are included for preparing these kinds of traditional snack items for optimal health benefits. In view of this, the study aimed to prepare Nutri-chikki with multigrain such as pumpkin seed, flax seed, groundnut, almond, foxtail millet, black sesame seed and roasted bengal gram for providing multi nutrients. Pumpkin seeds contribute protein significantly to the human daily-recommended protein level, which was reported to be range from 23 to 56 percent (NRC, 1980) [1]. Roasted pumpkin seeds help to relax nerves and muscles, strengthen bones and help with circulation. Roasting also reduces significantly anti-nutritional components namely tannic and phytic acids. The consumption of flax/pumpkin seed mixtures resulted in a significant decrease in lipid parameters suggesting the antiatherogenic potential of the seed mixture (Barakat and Mahmoud, 2011) [2]. Flaxseed is an alternative to marine products because of its high alpha- linolenic acid content; the use of flaxseed has been advocated to combat Cardio Vascular [3] Diseases (Rodriguez-Leyva, 2010) . Omega-3 fatty acids in flaxseed may help protect against certain infections and in treating conditions including ulcers, migraine headaches, Correspondence attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, eating disorders, preterm labor, emphysema, psoriasis, K Abhirami glaucoma, Lyme disease, lupus, and panic attacks (Harper et al., 2006) [4]. The groundnut are a M.Sc Scholar, Department of good source of vitamin E which is a dietary antioxidant that helps to protect cells from Food Science and Nutrition, Community Science College and oxidative stress, and magnesium which is important for muscle function including the heart, [5] Research Institute, Tamil Nadu enzyme function and energy production (Medline plus, 2016) . Agricultural University, Almonds are an excellent source of bioavailable α tocopherol, and increasing their intake Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India enhances the resistance of low density lipid against oxidation. ~ 3253 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies In addition, the polyphenolic constituents of almonds have bags (150-gauge thickness), metalized polypropylene pouch, been characterized recently and found to possess antioxidant and plastic round container were used for packing multigrain actions (Chen et al., 2006) [6]. The foxtail and proso millet Nutri-chikki. Chemicals and reagents used in the experiments grain feeding decreased the triacylglycerol level and foxtail were of Laboratory Reagent (LR), Analytical Reagent (AR) millet reduced C-reactive proteins which is an inflammation or Guaranteed Reagent (GR) grade. All the reagents and related indicator in hyperlipidaemic rats suggesting their standard stock solutions were prepared using purified potential application in lowering the risk for CVD (Lee et al., deionized water and primary standard solutions. 2010) [7]. Sesame seed is widely used in food and nutraceutical industries in many countries because of its high 2.2 Preparation and standardization of chikkis: oil, protein and antioxidant contents. Sesame and its related The standardization of multigrain Nutri-chikki was done with products should be encouraged in diet as one of the pumpkin seed, flax seed, groundnut, foxtail millet, oats, circumventive measures against disorders such as almond, black sesame, white sesame, roasted bengal gram, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, oxidative stress, jaggery, little amount of corn syrup and evaluated its and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease consistency through organoleptic evaluation. Based on this (Kanu et al., 2010) [8]. Among the different pulses, chickpea evaluation, the six combinations of Nutri-chikkis were has been reported to have a higher protein bioavailability prepared with different grains such as pumpkin seed, flax (Yust et al., 2003) [9]. Bengal gram consumption for a period seed, ground nut, almond and foxtail millet as standard of several weeks may reduce serum cholesterol level by ingredients in the ratio of 20:10:20:5:20 (75 %) and variations increasing faecal excretion of total bile acid. Presence of (25 %) were made with oats, white sesame, black sesame and isoflavones in bengal gram may also have roasted bengal gram ( Table 1 and Plate 1). The procedure for hypocholesterolemic effect. Then the final ingredient is the preparation of standardized Nutri-chikki is given in Figure Jaggery, it is used traditionally as a sweetener in the 1. preparation of many products. It is a potential source of minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus. In Table 1: Different combinations of the multigrain Nutri-chikki made the present study, the multigrain Nutri-chikki was developed for standardization and evaluated its nutritional quality, storage stability against Trials Composition Ratio groundnut chikki. C Standard groundnut chikki 100 Standard ingredients: Roasted Bengal gram : T1 75:20:5 2. Methodology White sesame 2.1 Materials and chemicals Standard ingredients: Roasted Bengal gram : T2 75:20:5 Grains such as pumkin seed (Curcubita sp.), flax seed (Linum Black sesame usitatissium L.), ground nut (Arachis hypogeal L.), almond T3 Standard ingredients: Oats: White sesame 75:20:5 (Prunus dulcis), foxtail millet (Setaria italica), sesame T4 Standard ingredients: Oats: Black sesame 75:20:5 Standard ingredients: Roasted Bengal gram: Oats (Sesamum indicum) black and white, roasted bengal gram T5 75:10:10:5 (Cicer arietinum), oats (Avena sativa) and sweeteners such as : White sesame Standard ingredients: Roasted Bengal gram: Oats jaggery, corn syrup, sugar were purchased in bulk from local T6 75:10:10:5 : Black sesame market of Madurai city. Packaging material viz., polyethylene Fig 1: Preparation of Multigrain Nutri-chikki ~ 3254 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies Fig 2: Multigrain Nutri-chikki – Six combinations with control chikki C – Control 2.4.2 Free fatty acid and Peroxide value T1 – Standard ingredients + roasted bengal gram + white Free fatty acid and peroxide value of the samples were sesame estimated by the method described by Ranganna (1995) [12]. T2 – Standard ingredients + roasted bengal gram + black To convert % free fatty acids (as oleic) to acid value, multiply sesame the former by 1.99. T3 – Standard ingredients + oats + white sesame T4 – Standard ingredients + oats + black sesame 2.4.3 Mineral analysis by AAS T5 – Standard ingredients + roasted bengal gram + oats + One gram of samples were acid digested using triple acid white sesame (nitric, sulphuric, perchloric acids in the ratio 9:2:1) by T6 – Standard ingredients + roasted bengal gram + oats + keeping in sand bath until getting a clear solution and filtered black sesame through Whatmann No. 41 ash less filter paper. The filtrate was made up to 100 ml and the obtained triple acid extract 2.3
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