Johannes Müller Museum Für Naturkunde Berlin

SAHRA REPORT ON LOAN 7454 The Evolutionary Origin of Hearing in Archosauria Student: Gabriela Sobral Advisor: Johannes Müller Museum für Naturkunde Berlin The aim of my PhD project is to recover when in the evolutionary history of Archosauria impedance matching hearing appeared. This morphological change in the braincase avoids loss of energy during sound transmission and is regarded as a key feature for improvement of hearing sensibility of terrestrial vertebrates. We are also trying to link this transformation to the tempo of other major biological and geological events. The material of Mesosuchus (SAM-PK-6536) permitted very high-resolution scans of its braincase, providing a handful of new information on its anatomy. The material had been scanned on a previous loan to Gaberiel Bever from the New York College of Osteopathic Medicine, and we agreed on a collaborative study on early rhynchosaur braincase evolution together with Dr. Richard Butler from the University of Birmingham, who is providing data for Howesia , which has also been scanned in the facilities of the MfN. This project is advancing rather quickly as segmentation and description of both braincases is almost complete. Hopefully, a manuscript should be ready for submission later next year. The exceptional preservation of Euparkeria (SAM-PK-7696) also allowed for a high-quality scan which facilitated the segmentation of inner ear structures and some of the sutures between bones. Roland Sookias, one of the PhD students of Dr. Butler is currently working on a reevaluation of the family Euparkeriidae. We have decided to collaborate with them, sharing the CT data for Roland’s thesis and, in the future, working on a more detailed description of Euparkeria braincase anatomy and inner ear structures. Anjan Bhullar from Harvard University will also participate and provide further CT data on the braincase of Euparkeria . The materials of Prolacerta (SAM-PK-K10018 and SAM-PK-K10797), on the other hand, were more difficult to scan given that densities between matrix and materials were too similar, but they also provided good data for early archosaur braincase anatomy. The data might be merged with those acquired for another Prolacerta material scanned here, loaned from the Council of Geosciences in Pretoria by the other PhD student of Dr. Butler, Martin Ezcurra. The Notochampsa material (SAM-PK-K4639) also yielded good results, but scans have not yet been completely worked out. All scans were performed by me at the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin using the micro-computed tomographer Phoenix Nanotom. The data acquired will be incorporated into my thesis, which will be published as a review paper after defense, in September next year. Furthermore, as mentioned, separate parts of the data will be used in different collaborative works. An electronic copy of all publications will be sent to the curator of the South African Museum Sheena Kaal once authorized, together with a copy of the CT data used in these studies. .

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The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs Butler, Richard; Montefeltro, Felipe; Ezcurra, Martin
University of Birmingham The early evolution of Rhynchosaurs Butler, Richard; Montefeltro, Felipe; Ezcurra, Martin DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00142 License: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY) Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (Harvard): Butler, R, Montefeltro, F & Ezcurra, M 2016, 'The early evolution of Rhynchosaurs', Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2015.00142 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Frontiers is fully compliant with open access mandates, by publishing its articles under the Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC-BY). Funder mandates such as those by the Wellcome Trust (UK), National Institutes of Health (USA) and the Australian Research Council (Australia) are fully compatible with publishing in Frontiers. Authors retain copyright of their work and can deposit their publication in any repository. The work can be freely shared and adapted provided that appropriate credit is given and any changes specified. General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
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The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs
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