Article XIX.-NOTICE OF A REMARKABLE SPECI- MEN OF THE WEST INDIA CORAL MADREPORA PALMATA.

By R. P. WHITFIELD.

PLATE XXIV.

During March of the present year (I898) I spent my vacation in the Bahama Islands. While searching among the Keys about Nassau, N. P., in company with the Brown Brothers of that place, I chanced upon a comparatively young reef of the beautiful coral Madrepora palmata. After examining many individual colonies of large size, all of which had more or less dead and blackened fronds, we discovered one large colony that was entirely alive. I at once concluded that this must be obtained for the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. After making an examination of the reef and its surroundings, we concluded that, with great care and additional help, and with the tide and wind at an advantageous stage, the specimen might be obtained. Accordingly at the first favorable opportunity, with two good- sized boats and four trusty helpers, the attempt was successfully made and the specimen secured and carried into shallow water. A boat was then sunk and the specimen gotten into it, after which the boat was righted and bailed out and towed behind the larger boat to a suitable place for cleaning, near Mr. Brown's store on East Bay Street, Nassau, whence it was shipped to the Museum in New York, and is now on exhibition there. Experts who have visited all European and American museums pronounce this to be by far the finest specimen of this kind of coral in any existing collection. The colony was rooted on the solid rock by its broad spreading base, and stands about three feet high; it is six feet two inches in the longest diameter by five feet four inches in the other diameter, the whole being of a very broadly oval outline with broad spread- ing and branching fronds so characteristic of the species. [463] 464 Bulletin Amne-ican Museu,n of Natural History. [Vol. X.]

There are a few features about the colony that are well worthy of special notice. On the unsymmetrical side, just above the letter A in the figure, there is a small frond which has at some time been broken from a point just below B, and has turned up- side down, but has continued to live and grown fast to the part below it, the peculiar features of the basal polyps being retained in spite of its reversed position. The frond marked B has also broken from the spot immediately over its small end, but, being caught by a small frond below, retained its upright position and continued to grow and became attached permanently to the fronds on which it rests. A little further to the right of B, at C, can be seen a narrow dark scar; at this point the large frond C with its four divisions was broken in life, but, being caught by the fronds below, has healed almost across the neck, leaving only a narrow space unhealed. Another feature worthy of mention is seen over all the larger spreading fronds in the form of broad undulations. These mark periods of growth, being thicker and thinner in substance, and are undoubtedly annual growths of the coral, as at the time it was collected the outer thin edges of all these fronds were young growing polyps and of a very delicate texture and lighter color. Eleven of these undulations may be detected-on the upper fronds outside of the thickening of the basal parts. It may, therefore, be supposed that the thin spreading fronds are of eleven years' growth, while the thick parts below may have taken an equal time before these thin fronds were thrown out. The difference in the temperature of the water at Nassau between the winter and sum- mer months would probably account for this change in growth. The specimen, when living, was of a light brown color over the entire colony, including the living portion of the thickened root. The growing edges were of a whitish yellow, and extremely tender and fragile. When first taken from the water and exposed to the air it emits a disagreeable sickening odor that is very repulsive, and probably may be distinguished in the water by fishes or other forms, and may act as a means of defense against parasitic growths, from which these Madrepores are generally particularly free.

INDEX TO VOLUME X.

[New names of genera, species and subspecies are printed in heavy-faced type.]

ABRAMUS chrysoleucus, 314. Amphicoelias, 219, 220. Accipenser brevirostris, 31I1. altus, 223, 227, 230. sturio, 3II. latus, 227. Acer pennsylvanicum, 307. Anguilla chrysypa, 3i6. rubrum, 307. Anisonchinae, i82. saccharinum, 307. Anisonyx brachiura, 455. saccharum, 307. Anisota rubicunda, 440. spicatum, 307. senatoria, 439. Aceratherium megalodus, 52. stigma, 439. Achirus fasciatus, 322. virginiensis, 440. Acoloithus falsarius, 356. Anodonta fluviatilis, 309. Actias luna, 437. implicata, 309. virgo, 3IO. Anthocharis, 235, 236. Adder, Spreading, 327. angelina, 244. Adoneta spinuloides, 393. ausonia, 236. Agkistrodon contortrix, 327. ausonides, 236, 240. Agujon, 3I8. bellemia, 236. Ailanthus glandulosa, 306. cethura, 244. Aimophila rufescens, 29. charlonia, 236. superciliosa, 4I. coloradensis, 24I. Alewife, 316. cooperi, 244. Allen, J. A., descriptions of new creusa, 236. mammals from western Mexico edwardsi, 246. and Lower California, I43- flora, 237. I58; revision of the Chickarees, hyantis, 241. or North American Red Squir- julia, 239. rels (subgenus Tamiasciurus), lanceolata, 246. 249-298; nomenclatorial notes levellandii, 236. on certain North American lotta, 236.. mammals, 449-461. morrisoni, 244. Alnus incana, 305. olympia, 236, 243. rugosa, 305. pima, 245. Alosa sapidissima, 3I6. reakirtii, 238. Alypia octomaculata, 357. rosa, 243. Amazilia beryllina, 33. sara, 237. Ambloplites rupestris, 3I9. tagis, 236. Amblypoda, evolution of, I69-2i8; thoosa, 238, 239. carpus and tarsus of, I75 Anthus pensylvanicus, 39. synopsis of evolution of, 176; Antrostomus vociferus, 34. ordinal characters, I8o. vociferus macromystax, 37,43. Ambystoma opacum, 322. Apatelodes angelica. 403. punctatum, 323. torrefacta, 402. Ameiurus catus, 312. Apatosaurus, 219, 230. dugesi, i68. ajax, 227, 228. nebulosus, 312. grandis, 227. Amelanchier canadensis, 306. Apeltes quadracus, 318. Ampelis cedrorum, 26. Aphelocoma sieberii, 42. [December, 1898.1 [465] 30 466 INDEX.

Aphelops fossiger, 51. BASCANION constrictor, 326. megalodus, 52. Basileuterus culicivorus, 25. Apoda biguttata, 396. rufifrons, 25. rectilineata, 397. Bass, Common Rock, 319. scapha, 395. Large-mouthed Black, 320. y-inversa, 396. Oswego, 320. Arctace punctistrigata, 444. Small-mouthed Black, 320. Arctia arge, 379. Striped, 32I. intermedia, 379. Bat, Brown, 344. michabo, 380. Georgia, 345, nais, 38I. Little Brown, 344. parthenice, 379. New York, 345. persephone, 378. Red, 345. phalerata, 382. Silvery, 345. phyllira, 380. Bathmodon, I96. phyllira var. celea, 38i. brevipes, I97. phyllira var. excelsa, 38i. cuspidatus, 197. phyllira var. figurata, 381. elephantopus, 197. rectilinea, 379 latidells, I97. virgo, 3I0, 377. latipes, I97. virguncula, 378. lomas, I97. vittata, 381. molestus, 197. Arctomys brachyura, 455. pachypus, 197. caligatus, 456, 457. radians, I97. columbianus, 455. semicinctus, 197. lewisii, 455. simus, I97. monax, 456. Bathyopsis, 173, 1I74, 2I7. monax canadensis, 456. Batodon, I72. monax melanopus, 456. Bean, Tarleton H., notes upon okanaganus, 458. fishes received at the New parryi, 454. York Aquarium, with descrip- parryi var. erythrogluteia, tion of a new species of Snap- 454. per from Bermuda, 45-50; parryi var. phoeognatha, 454. notes on Mexican fishes ob- pruinosus, 456. tained by Dr. Carl Lumholtz, (Spermophilus) parryi, 454. i65-i68. parryi erythro- Bear, Black, 352. gluteius, 454. Beaver, Canada, 351. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, 307. Benzoin benzoin, 306. Argyrophyes cilicoides, 36I. Betula lenta, 305. pustulata, 36I. lutea, 305. Aromochelys odorata, 328. nigra, 305. Aronia arbutifolia, 306. populifolia, 305. nigra, 306. Beutenmilller, William, revision of Arvicola (Pedomys) austerus, 458. the species of Euchloe inhab- Atlantosaurus, 219, 230. iting America, north of Mex- immanis, 227. ico, 235-248; descriptive cata- montanus, 227, 228. logue of Bombycine (Titanosaurus) montanus, 227. found within fifty miles of Atthis heloisae, 34. New York City, 353-448. Auchenia, 129, 140, 141. Billfish, 3I8. hesterna, 130, 131. Blarina brevicauda, 343. huerfanensis, 130, 131. Blue-back, 3I6. lama, 134, I35. Bluefish, 319. Automeris io, 3I0, 438. Bony-fish, 3I6. Automolus rubiginosus, 32. Branchipus vernalis, 310. Azalea nudiflora, 307. Bream, 314, 320. viscosa, 307. Redbreast, 319. INDEX. 467

Brevoortia tyranntus, 3I6. Certhia familiaris alticola, 17, 37, Brontosaurus, 2I9, 230. 39. excelsus, 2I9, 223, 227, 228. Cerura aquilonaris, 430. 229, 230, 231, 232. borealis, 429. Buarremon brunneinucha, 28. cinerea, 43I. Bufo americanus, 324. multiscripta, 431. Bug-fish, 316. occidentalis, 430. Bullfrog, 326. Chamaeospiza torquata, 4I. Bullhead, Common, 312. Chapman, Frank M., notes on Bunomeryx elegans, Ioo. birds observed at Jalapa and montanus, 97. las Vigas, Vera Cruz, Mexico, Buteo latissimus, 35. I5-43. Butter-fish, 3I9. Chelidon erythrogaster, 27. Chelydra serpentina, 328. C,ENOTHERIUM, 102. Chickaree, Arizona, 291. Callinectes sapidus, 309. Bailey's, 26I. Callopeltis obsoletus, 327. Black Hills, 260. Callosamia angulifera, 436. California, 278. promethea, 435. Cascades, 277. Camarasaurus, 2IC-233. Douglas's, 273. supremus, 227, 23I, 232. Fremont's, 287. Cambarus bartoni, 310. Mearns's, 286. Camelidae, evolution of, I35. Mount Graham, 292. Cameloids, table of distribution of, Northern, 255. in time, 141. Redwood, 276. Camelops, 128, 140. Richardson's, 265. kansanus, I30, I41. Southern, 257, 339. vitikerianus, I32, 14I. Streator's, 267. Camelus americanus, 133, 14I. Taos, 29I. Campeloma decisa, 309. Vancouver, 269. Caranx hippos, 3I8. Wind River Mountains, 263. Carcharhinus obscurus, 3II. Chickarees, revision of the, 249- Cardinalis cardinalis, 28. 298. Carduelis macroptera, 42. Chipmunk, Southern, 338. Carp, 313. Chlorospingus opthalmicus, 27. German, 313. Chlorostilbon canivete, 33. Carpinus caroliniana, 305. Chondestes grammacus strigatus, Carpodacus mexicanus, 29, 37. 29. Cassia marylandica, 306. Chordeiles acutipennis texensis, Castanea dentata, 305. 34. Castor canadensis. 35I. Chrysemys picta, 328. Cat, Channel, of the Potomac, 312. Chub, Creek, 313. Fork-tailed, 312. Silver, 313. Lake, 3I2. Cimolestes, 1 72. White, 3I2. Cingula minuta, 309. Catalpa catalpa, 307. Cisthene subjecta, 363. Catfish, Small, 312. unifascia, 362. Catharista atrata, 35, 37, 43. Cistothorus palustris plesius, 23. Cathartes aura, 35, 37, 43. polyglottus, 24. Catharus melpomone, I8. Citheronia regalis, 440. mexicanus, I9. regalis var. infernalis, 44I. Catostomus bernardini, I66. regalis var. soengeri, 441. commersonii, 312. Clemensia albata, 36I. Caulodon diversidens, 227. Clemmys insculpta, 329. Cavally, 31. guttata, 329. Celastrus scandens, 307. Clethra alnifolia, 307. Celtis occidentalis, 306. Clisiocampa americana, 442. Cephalanthus occidentalis, 307. distria, 442. 468 INDEX.

Cobbler, Common, 3I7. Coryphodon ventanus, I91, 192, Coccothraustes abeillaei, 30. I93, 197, 210. vespertinus montanus, 37, 42. wortmani, I93, 194, I97, I99, Colaptes cafer, 43. 2I2. Columbigallina passerina palles- Coryphodon (Bathmodon) lomas, cens, 36. I99. Comptonia peregrina, 305. (Bathmodon) pachypus, 204. Condylarthra, carpus and tarsus of, (Bathmodon) radians, I98. 175. (Ectacodon) cinctus, I98, 202. Condylura cristata, 344. (Metalophodon) armatus, I99, Contopus borealis, 3I, 43. 208. pertinax, 31, 43. (Metalophodon) testis, I88, Copperhead, 327. 202. Cornus alternifolia, 307. (Manteodon) subquadratus, amonum, 307. 214. canadensis, 307. Cossus centerensis, 446. candidissima, 307. macmurtrei, 446. , 307. Cottontail, 33I. Corporal, 313. Coverrip, 322. Corregonus labradoricus, 48. Crambidia pallida, 362. Corvus corax sinuatus, 42. Crassius auratus, 3I3. Corylus americana, 305. Crataegus coccinea, 306. rostrata, 305. tomentosa. 306. Coryphodon, I69, I73. Creek-fish, 3I2. anax, I90, I9I, 193, I97, I98, Creodonta, carpus and tarsus of, 204. I75. anthracoideus, I97. Crevalle, 3I8. armatus, I90, I9I, I92, 193, Horse, 3I8. 194, 2I7. Crotalus horridus, 327. cinctus, I90, 191, 192, 202. Crypturus cinnamomeus, 36. curvicristis, I9I, I97, 199, Ctenucha virginica, 354. 207. Cyanolyca ornata, 30. cuspidatus, 197, I99, 206. Cyclorhis flaviventris, 26. elephantopus, I90, 19I, 194, Cycnia egle, 368. I96, I98, 199, 200. eglemensis, 369. eocoenus, 192, 197. eglemensis var. inopinatus, hamalus, 88, 191, I97, 199, 369. 214. oregonensis, 369. latidens, I91, I99, 206. tenere, 368. latipes, I9I, 199. Cynomys columbianus, 455. lobatus, I9I, 192, I97, I98, gunnisoni, 455. 204. leucurus, 455. lomas, I9I. lewisii, 456. marginatus, 19I, I97, 198,210. Cyprinodon eximius, I68. molestus, I9I, I99. Cyprinus carpio, 313. obliquUs, I9I, I96, I97, 199. Cypseloides niger borealis, 34. oweni, 197. pachypus, I9I, I98. DACE, 315. radians, 81-9I, 190, 191, 213, Black-nosed, 3I5. 217. Homed, 313. repandus, rg1, 197, I98, 20I. Dasylophia anguina, 4I6. semicinctus, I9I. thyatiroides, 417. simus, I91, 192, 199. Datana angusii, 407. singularis, i91, I97, I99, 214. contracta, 408. subquadratus, I90, I9I. drexelii, 406. testis, 174, I75, I89, 19I, 192, integerrima, 408. 193, 195, 198, 202, 203, major, 406. 217. ministra, 405. INDEX. 469

Datana palmii, 407. Eubaphe aurantiaca, 365. perspicua, 409. aurantiaca var. biniaculata, Deer, Virginia, 344. 365. Dendroica auduboni, 39. aurantiaca var. brevicornis, olivacea, 37, 40. 365. virens, 24, 40. aurantiaca var. choriona, 365. Dendrornis flavigastra, 32. aurantiaca var. ferruginosa, Dendrortyx barbatus, 17. 365. Desmognathus fusca, 324. aurantiaca var. quinaria, 365. ochrophaea, 324. aurantiaca var. rubicundaria, Diadophis punctatus, 326. 365. Diceratherium Beds, 120. immaculata, 365. Didelphis virginiana, 330. immaculata var. trimaculosa, Didelphops, 172. 365. Diemyctylus viridescens, 324. loeta, 364. Diervilla diervilla, 307. opella, 364. Dinocerata, 177. Euchloe, 235, 236. subordinal characters of, i8o. ausonia, 235. Diplarthra, I 76. ausonides, 236, 237, 240. Diplocodus, 220, 221. ausonides var. coloradensis, Dives dives, 30. 241. Dollar-fish, 319. bellemia, 236. Dorcelaphus hemionus eremicus, bieti, 236. 143. cardamines, 235, 236. virginianus, 345. cethura, 236, 237, 244. Dromaeus, 221. cethura var. morrisonii, 237, Drymonia georgica, 414. 244. Dryobates stricklandi, 17, 37, 43. charlonia, 236. villosus jardinii, 43. cceneos, 235. creusa, 236, 237, 24I. creusa var. elsa, 237, 242. EACLES imperialis, 442. eucharis, 235, 236. imperialis var. nobilis, 442. eupheno, 235, 236. imperialis var. punctatissima, euphenoides, 236. 442. genutia, 235, 236, 237, 246. Ecpantheria ocularia, 372. gruneri, 236. Ectacodon, I96. lanceolata, 235, 236, 247. cinctus, I97. levallandii, 236. Ectoconodon, 17I. lotta, 236, 243. petersoni, I7I. midea, 246. Eel, American, 3I6. olympia, 236, 243. Fresh-water, 3I6. olympia var. rosa, 237, 243. Lamprey, 3II. pima, 236, 245. Eft, 324. pyrothoe, 236. Eleanoides forficatus, 35. sara, 236, 237. Eleopicus oleaginus, 34. sara var. julia, 237. Ellida caniplaga, 414. sara var. reakirtii, 237, 238. Elotherium humerosum, I20. scolymus, 236. Empidonax albigularis, 3I. stella, 237. fulvifrons, 37, 42. tagis, 235, 236. fulvipectus, 42. Euclea delphini, 390. Enneacanthus gloriosus, 319. delphini var. elliotii, 390. Eohyus distans, IOI. delphini var. interjecta, 390. Eomeryx, 96. delphini var. querceti, 390. Ergaticus ruber, 37, 40. delphini var. poenulata, 390. Erimyzon sucetta oblongus, 3I2. delphini var. viridiclava, 390. Eschatius, I29, 140, 141. indeterminata, 391. conidens, 129, 134. Eudeilinia herminiata, 387. 47040NDEX.

Endryas grata, 358. HALISIDOTA carye, 370. unio, 338. maculata. 371. Eutheia olivacea pusilla, 29. tessellaris, 370. Eumeces fasciatus, 326. Hamamelis virginiana, 306. Euphanessa mendica, 364. Haploa clymene, 366. meridiana, 364. contigua, 367. Euphonia elegantissima, 27. lecontei, 366. Eupomotis gibbosus, 320. lecontei var. confinis, 366. Euprotogonia, comparison of, with lecontei var. militaris, 366. Phenacodus, I63. lecontei var. vestalis, 366. Euprotogonia puercensis, I63. Hare, Varying, 331. Evet, 324. Wood, 331. Evotomys gapperi rhoadsi, 333. Harporhynchus longirostris, 21. Harrisina americana, 356. FAGUS latifolia, 305. Heleodytes zonatus, 22. Falcaria bilineata, 389. Helminthophila peregrinus, 24. Fiber zibethicus, 332. pinus, 24. Fischotter, Americanischen, 459. rubricapilla, 24, 39. Fisher, 459, 46I. Helohyus, 94. Fox, American Red, 350. Hemaris buffaloensis, 310. Eastern Gray, 350. Hemidactylium scutatum, 323. Fraxinus americana, 307. Hemileuca maia, 438. nigra, 307. Henicorhina mexicana, 23. Frog, Bull, 326. Hepialus argenteomaculatus, 447. Common, 325. auratus, 447. Green, 326. Herring, Big-eyed, 3I6. Leopard, 325. Branch, 3I6. Northern, 325. Glut, 3I6. Wood, 326. Spring, 3I6. Frost-fish, 322. Summer, 3I6. Fundulus diaphanus, 318. Wall-eyed, 316. heteroclitus macrolepidotus, Heterocampa biundata, 426. 3I7. guttivitta, 425. manteo, 425. GALEOSCOPTES carolinensis, 20. marthesia, 428. Gammarus sp., 310. obliqua, 426. Garfish, 3I8. umbrata, 427. Gaspereau, 3I6. unicolor, 428. Gastropacha americana, 443. Heterodon platyrhinus, 327. Gaylussacia resinosa, 307. Heterogenea shurtleffii, 399. Geothlypis macgillivrayi, 40. Hicoria alba, 305. trichas, 24. glabra. 305. Gleditschia triacanthos, 306. minima, 305. Glis canadensis, 456. ovata, 305. Gluphisia lintneri, 405. Hippocampus hudsonius, 3I8. septentrionis, 403. Hog, Ground, 337. severa, 404. Hog-choker, 322. severa var. avimaculata, 404. Holomeniscus, I29. severa var. danbyi, 404. hesternus, I29, 130. severa var. slossoniae, 404. sulcatus, I30, 13I. Goggle-eye, 319. vitikerianus, I29. Goldfish, 313. Homacodon, 94, 135, I4I. Gomphotherium, Ir4. 137. Hrdlicka, Ales, see Lumholtz, Carl. cameloides, II7, I41. Hudson Highlands, vertebrate sternbergi, II5, 14I. fauna of, 303-352 ; trees, Goody, 321. shrubs and woody vines of, Grynophilus porphyriticus, 323. 305-307; mollusks of, 308; Guiraca caerulealeurhynca, 28. crustaceans of, 309; Lepidop- INDEX. 47I

tera of, 310; fishes of, 311- Lepus americanus virginianus, 33 I. 322; batrachians of, 322-326; arizonoe confinis, 146. reptiles of, 326-330; note on cerrosensis, I45. birds of, 330 ; mammals of, peninsularis, 144. 330-352. sylvaticus, 33I. Hyla pickeringii, 325. sylvaticus transitionalis, 331. versicolor, 324. Leucarctia acroea, 372. Hyparpax aurora, 418. Leuciscus niger, i66. Hypercompa caja var. americana, Libythea genutia, 246. 377. Limax maximus, 308. caja var. opulenta, 377. Limenetis uirsula, 3IO. caja var. transmontana, 377. Linmnea catascopium, 308. caja var. utahensis, 377. columella, 308. Hyphantria cunea, 376. elodes, 308. Hypoprepia fucosa, 362. Limulus polyphemus, 310. miniata, 362. Liopeltis vernalis, 326. Hypudaeus novaboracensis, 457. Liriodendron tulipifera, 306. ochrogaster, 456, 457. Lithacodes fasciola, 397. riparius, 457. fasciola var. laticlavia, 397. Lithosia bicolor, 363. IANASSA lignicolor. 419. casta, 363. Icteria virens, 24. Livoneca ovalis, 3IO. Icterus melanocephalus, 30. Lizard, Blue-tailed, 326. Ilex verticillata, 306. Common Tree, 326. Indians, Huichol, of Mexico, I1-4. Lonicera sempervirens, 307. Tarasco, prehistoric b u r i a l Lophodonta angulosa, 4I2. place of, 6I. basitriens, 413. ferruginea, 412. JACK, 3I7, 318. Lophopteryx camelina, 415. Jignagua, 3I8. Loxia curvirostra stricklandi, I7, Juglans cinerea, 305. 37, 4I- nigra, 305. Lucius lucius immaculatus, 45. Jumping-mouse, Meadow, 332. masquinongy immaculatus, 45. Junco cinereus, 37, 4I. recticulatus, 3I7. phieonotus, I7. Lumholtz, Carl, the Huichol Indi- Juniperus communis, 305. ans of Mexico, 1-14. virginiana, 305. Lumholtz,Carl, and Hrdlicka,Ales, marked human bones from a KALMIA angustifolia, 307. prehistoric Tarasco Indian glauca, 307. burial place in the State of latifolia, 307. Michoacan, Mexico, 6I-79. Killifish, 317. Lutra canadensis, 459, 460. Kyack, 3I6. canadensis lataxina, 460. canadensis pacifica, 460. LACOSOMA chiridota, 433. canadensis sonora, 460. Lafayette, 3I9, 321. canadensis vaga, 460. Lagoa crispa, 401. degener, 460. opercularis, 402. hudsonica, 347. Lamprey, Great Sea, 3II. hudsonica pacifica, 460. Larix laricina, 305. budsonica sonora, 460. Lasionycteris noctivigans, 345. hudsonica vaga, 460. Lasiurus borealis, 345. lataxina, 460. Ledum grcenlandica, 307. , 355. Leiostomus xanthurus, 321. Lynx ruffus, 351. Lepomis auritus, 319. Lynx, Bay, 35I. Leptoreodon marshi, 95. Leptotila fulviventris brachyptera, MACKEREL, Snap, 319. 35. Madrepora palmata, 463. 472 INDEX.

Mancipium vorar midea, 246. Mionectes oleagineus assimilis, 31. Manteodon, i96. Mitrephanes phaeocercus, 31. subquadratus, I97. Mole, Brewer's, 343. Marmosa sinaloae, I43. Eastern, 343. Marmot, Hoary, 256. Star-nosed, 344. Quebec, of Forster, 454, 456. Mole-Shrew, 334, 343. Quebec, of Pennant, 456. Monoleuca semifascia, 39I. Parry's, 454. Morone americana, 321. Mascalonge, Unspotted, 45. Morosaurus, 221. Mearns, Edgar A., descriptions of Morus rubra, 306. three new forms of Pocket- Mossbunker, 3I6. Mice from the Mexican border Mouse, Common Deer, 334. of the United States, 299-302; Common Meadow, 333. a study of the Vertebrate House, 337. Fauna of the Hudson High- New Jersey Red-backed, 333. lands, with observations on the Mullus auratus, 49. Mollusca, Crustacea, Lepidop- Mummichog, Spring, 3I8. tera, and the Flora of the Muskrat, 332. region, 303-352. Mus empetra, 354. Megalomeryx, I28. musculus, 337. niobrarensis, I30, I31. decumanus, 336. Melanerpes formicivorus, 34. Mustela canadensis, 459, 460, 461. Melanotis ca!rulescens, 20. hudsonica, 459. Meliteea phaeton, 3IO. lutra canadensis, 459. Melospiza lincolni, 29, 41. pennanti, 460, 46I. Menhaden, 316. Myiadestes obscurus, 21. Meniscotherium, I75. unicolor, 22. Mephitis mephitica, 350. Myiarchus lawrencei, 3I. Merula grayi, 20. Myiodynastes luteiventris, 3I. migratoria propinqua, 37, 38. Myiozetetes texensis, 31. tristis, I9. Myotis subulatus, 344. tristis assimilis, I9. Merychochcerus Beds, 120. Mesohippus praestans, I20. NADATA gibbosa, 411. Mesomphix fuliginosus, 308. gibbosa var. oregonensis, 411. Metalopha albosigma, 410. gibbosa var. rubipennis, 4I . apicalis, 4IO. Natada nasoni, 392. inclusa, 409. Natrix fasciata sipedon, 327. Metalophodon, I96. Needle-fish, 3I8. armatus, 197. Neochloe brevipennis, 26. testis, I97. Neomaenis 45. Microgadus tomcod, 322. blackfordi, Micropterus dolomieu, 320. buccanella, 45. salmoides, 320. hastingsi, 45. Microtus pennsylvanicus, 333. synagris, 47. (Pedomys) austerus, 459. Neotoma anthonyi, 151. " ochrogaster, 459. arenacea, 150. Midea, 235, 236, 246. bryanti, I52. bieti, 236. magister, 335. cethura, 236. pennsylvanica, 334. genutia, 236. sinalos, 149. lanceolata, 236. Nerise bidentata, 4I6. pima, 236. Newt, 324. sColymus, 236. Nola melanopa, 360. Mink, Large Brown, 347. ovilla, 359. Minnow, Eastern Mud, 317. trinotata, 360. Spot-tailed, 3I5. Notodonta simplaria, 413. Spring, 3I8. stragula, 413. INDEX. 473

Notolophus antiqua, 383. Pantolambda, 170, I83. definita, 382. bathmodon, 170, I8I, 183, leucostigma, 383. I84, 194. Notropis cornutus, 315. cavirictus, 172, 179, I83, i86, hudsonius, 315. I88. Nub-nose, 3I2. Pantolambdidae, i8i. I83. Nycteola lintneriana, 359. Pantolestes, I35, 141. Nyctidromus alhicollis merrilli, etsagicus, IOI. 34. Pantosteus plebeius, I67. Nyssa sylvatica, 307. Papilio asterias, 310. cresphontes, 310. genutia, 246. OLDWIFE, 32I. turnus, 310. Olene achatina, 384. Parasa chloris, 394. cinnamomea, 386. Parascalops breweri, 343. leucophaea, 385. Parthenocissus quinquefolia, 307. plagiata, 385. I7, 37, 38. Opossum, Virginia, 330. Parus meridionalis, Oreta irrorata, 388. Pedomys, I72. rosea, 387. Peeper, 325. Ortalis vetula maccalli, 36. Peneus brasiliensis, 3IO. Osborn, Henry Fairfield, a com- Perameryx, 141. plete skeleton of Teleoceras (Leptotragulus) proavus, 103. fossiger. Notes upon the Perca flavescens, 320. growth and sexual characters Perch, White, 32I. of the species, 5I-59; a com- Yellow, 320. plete skeleton of Coryphodon Periptychidce, i8i. radians. Notes upon the loco- Periptychinae, I82. of animal, Perognathus longimembris bangsi, motion this Si-oi; 300. remounted skeleton of Phena- pacificus, 299. codus primravvus. Comparison pernix, 149. with Euprotogonia, I59-I64; (Choedodipus) eremicus, 300. evolution of the Amblypoda, (Chedodipus) intermedius can- Part I. Taligrada and Panto- escens, 30I. donta, I69-2I8 ; additional Peromyscus cedrosensis, 154. characters of the great herbiv- cineritius, 155. orous DinosaurCamarasaurus, dubius, 157. 219-223. eremicus propinquus, 154. Ostrya virginiana, 305. exiguus, 157. Otter, American, 34q. geronimensis, I56. Canadian, 460. leucopus, 334. Carolinian, 460. Perophora melscheimeri, 433. Florida, 460. Petromyzon marinus, 3II. Newfoundland, 460. nigricans, 311. Pacific, 460. Phenacodus primaevus, I59-I64. Sonora, 460. Pheosia dimidiata, 415. Phobetron pithecium, 393. PACHYRHAMPHUS major, 32. Phoca vitulina, 346. Packardia elegans, 401. Phoenicothraupis rubicoides, 27. elegans var. fusca, 40I. Phragmatobia fuliginosa, 373. geminata, 400. Physa ancillaria, 309. geminata var. albipuncta, 400. heterostropha, 309. geminata var. goodellii, 400. Piaya cayana thermophila, 35. geminata var. ocellata, 400. Picea mariana, 305. Palmonetes vulgaris, 3IO. Pickerel, Common Eastern, 317. Panopeus harrisi, 3IO. Picolaptes affinis, 32. Pantodonta, I87, I88. Pieris genutia, 246. subordinal characters of, i8o. l'herminieri, 246. 474 INDEX.

Pike, Green, 317. Procyon lotor, 346. Pinus rigida, 305. Progne chalybea, 26. strobus, 305. Prionotus sp., 322. Pipilo fuscus, 41. Prionoxystus robinike, 447. Pipistrellus subflavus, 345. Protolabis, 120, I38. Piranga bidentata, 27. heterodontus, 121. hepatica, 40. prehensilis, I23. leucoptera, 27. transmontanus, I21, I22. rubra, 27. Protolambda, I72, 1I73. Pisidium abditum, 309. hatcheri, I71, I72. Planorbis bicarinatus, 309. Protoreodon, 96. trivolvis, 308. parvus, 96. Platanus occidentalis, 306. Protolophus, I36, I37, I4I. Platarctia hyperborea, 376. petersoni, I04. Platyonichus ocellatus, 309. Prunus pennsylvanica, 306. Platypsaris aglaiae, 31. serotina, 306. Platyptervx arcuata, 388. virginiana, 306. arcuata var. genicula, 388. Psaltriparus melanotis, 38. Platysamia cecropia, 435. Psilorhinus morio, 31. Plesiomeryx, 102. Psyche confederata, 433. Plethodon cinereus, 323. Psychomorpha epimenis, 357. erythronotus, 323. Ptilogonys cinereus, 26. glutinosus, 323. Ptychocheilus lucius, i65. Pliauchenia, 126, I40. Pumpkin-seed, 320. humphresiana, 127, I41. Putorius cicognani, 349. minima, 127, I41. noveboracensis, 348. spatula, 128, I40, 14I. (Lutreola) vison lutreocepha- vulcanorum, I27. lus, 347. Pocket-Mouse, Bang's, 300. Pyramidula alternata, 308. Eastern Desert, 300. dimidiata, 355. San Diego, 299. Pyrrharctia isabella, 373. Poebrotherium, I110, 136. 137, I38. labiatum, I13, 139. wilsoni, I I I, I39. QUERCUS alba. 305. Polyborus cheriway, 35. coccinca, 305. Polygyra albolabris, 308. platanoides, 305. fallax, 308. prinus, 305. hirsuta, 308. rubra, 305. monodon, 308. velutina, 305. thyroides, 308. Quiscalus macrourus, 3Q. tridentata, 308. Pomatomus saltatrix, 319. Pomolobus iestivalis, 3I6. RABBIT, Gray, 33I. pseudoharengus, 3I6. Raccoon, 346. Populus balsamifera, 305. Rallus virginianus, 36. heterophylla, 305. Rana catesbeiana, 326. tremuloides, 305. clamitans, 326. Porgee, Sand, 322. palustris, 325. Porthetria dispar, 386. pipiens, 325. Pout, Horned, 312. septentrionalis, 325. Procamelus, I22, 14I. sylvatica, 325. angustidens, I24. Rat, 336. caninus, 124. Alleghany Wood, 334. fissidens, I24. Rattlesnake, Banded, 327. gracilis, I24, T38, 140, 141. Red-eye, 319. occidentalis, 123, 126, 138, Red-fin, 315. I40, 14I. Regulus calendula, 22, 38. robustus,120,I23,126,I39,14I. Rhinichthys atronasus, 315. INDEX. 475

Rhinoceros indicus, 57. Schizura apicalis, 422. javanicus, 58. badia, 422. sondaicus, 58. concinna, 423. Rhododendron maxima, 307. eximia, 423. Rhus copallina, 306. ipomCeae, 4I9. glabra, 306. ipomoee var. telifer, 419. hirta, 306. leptinoides, 420. radicans, 306. unicornis, 421. vernix, 306. Sciuropterus volans, 341. Ribes cynosbati, 306. Sciurus albipes, 453. floridum, 306. albipes cervicalis, 454. lacustre, 306. albipes colimensis, 454. Roach, 3I4. albipes effugius, 454. Robinia pseudacacia, 396. albipes nemoralis, 454. Rock, 221. albipes quercinus, 453. Rock-fish, 321. belcheri, 273, 284. Roccus lineatus. 321. botte, 452. Rosa blanda, 306. californicus, 452. carolina, 306. carolinensis leucotis, 340. lucida, 306. douglasii, 249, 250, 253, 254, rubiginosa, 306. 273, 28I, 283, 296, 298, Rough-head, 3I5. 449, 452. Rubus canadensis, 306. douglasii albolimbatus, 453. hispidus, 306. douglasii californicus, 250,253, occidentalis, 306. 254, 278, 281, 297, 298. odoratus, 306. douglasii cascadensis, 250, strigosus, 306. 253, 254, 277, 28I, 283, villosus, 306. 296. douglasii mollipilosus, 250, SALAMANDER, Alleghany Moun- 253, 254, 276, 296, 298. tain, 324. douglasii group, 254, 281. Blue-spotted, 323. fossor, 453. Dusky, 324. fossor anthonyi, 453. Fierce, 323. fossor nigripes, 453. Four-toed, 323. fremonti, 249, 250, 253, 254, Gray, 323. 287, 203, 298. Large Spotted, 323. fremonti grahamensis, 250, 254, 297, 298. Marbled, 322. fremonti mogollonensis, 250, Red, 324. 254, 29I, 294, 297, 298. Red-backed, 323. n u 323. fremonti neome x i c a s, Striped-backed, 250, 254, 291, 293, 298. Viscid, 323. fremonti group, 254, 293. Salix babylonica, 305. griseus, 453. cordata, 305. griseus anthonyi, 453. discolor, 305. griseus nigripes, 453. fragilis, 305. hudsonicus, 250, 253, 255, 271, nigra falcata, 305. 295, 298. Saltator atriceps, 28. hudsonicus baileyi, 250, 254, grandis. 28. 26I, 266, 272, 295, 298. Salvelinus fontinalis, 3I6. hu(dsonicus californicus, 250, Sambucus canadensis, 307. 286. pubens, 307. hudsonicus dakotensis, 250, Samia cynthia, 434. 254, 260, 26I, 272, 295, Sawbelly, 3I6. 298. Scalops aquaticus, 343. hudsonicus fremonti, 287. Sceloporus undulatus, 326. hudsonicus grahamensis, 292. Scepsis fulvicollis, 353. hudsonicus hudsonicus, 255. 476 INDEX.

Sciurus hudsonicus loquax, 250, Seiurus aurocapillus, 24. 254, 257, 272, 295, 298, noveboracensis, 40. 339. Semotilus atromaculatus, 313. hudsonicus mearnsi, 250. corporalis, 3I3. hudsonicus mogollonensis, Setophaga miniata, 40. 29I. Shad, American, 3i6. hudsonicus orarius, 250, 276, Common, 3i6. 284. North River, 3i6. hudsonicus richardsonii, 250, Shark, Dusky, 31I. 254, 265, 271, 295, 298. Shiner, 3I5. hudsonicus streatori, 250, 254, Golden, 3I4. 267, 272, 296, 298. Red-finned, 3J5. hudsonicus vancouverensis, Shrew, Masked, 333, 343. 250, 254, 269, 272, 296, Sialia sialis azurea, 22. 298. mexicana, 37, 38. hudsonicus ventorum, 250, Sibine stimulea, 394. 254, 261, 272, 295, 298. Sisyrosa textula, 392. hudsonicus group, 254, 27I. Sitta carolinensis mexicana, 39. hudsonius, 249, 250, 255. pygmaea, 17, 37, 39. hudsonius californicus, 278, Skipjack, 319. 450. Skunk, Eastern, 350. hudsonius var. douglasii, 250, Snake, Black, 326. 273. Garter, 327. hudsonius var. fremonti, 250, Green, 326. 287. Hog-nosed, 327. hudsonius var. hudsonius, 255, Milk, 326. 265. Pilot Black, 327. hudsonius mearnsi, 250, 251, Red-bellied Brown, 327. 286. Ribbon, 327. hudsonius mogollonensis, 29I. Ring-necked, 326. hudsonius var. richardsonii, Water, 327. 250. Snapper, Red, 45. hudsonius vancouverensis, Spot, 47. 269. Sole, American, 322. ludovicianus cinereus, 352. Calico, 322. mearnsi, 250, 254, 286, 297, Spotted, 322. 298. Sorex personatus, 333, 343. mollipilosus, 276, 284. Spawn-eater, 3I5. richardsoni, 249, 250. Spelerpes bilineatus, 323. rubricatus, 449. ruber, 324. suckleyi, 273, 285. Spermophilus empetra, 454. varius, 453. empetra columbianus, 454. vulgaris, 255, 453. empetra kodiacensis, 454. vulgaris hudsonicus, 255. empetra phoeognathus, 454. vulgaris varius, 453. columbianus, 454. wagneri, 453. Sphoerium partumeium, 309. wagneri cervicalis, 454. Sphenoproctus curvipennis, 33. wagneri colimensis, 454. Sphinx cinerea, 310. wagneri effugius, 454. Sphyrapicus varius, 34. wagneri nemoralis, 454. Sphyrna zygena, 311. wagneri quercinus, 453. Spilosoma antigone, 375. (Macroxus) californicus, 452. latipennis, 375. Scierurus mexicanus, 32. virginica, 374. Scolecophagus cyanocephalus, 42. Spinus notatus, 30. Sea-horse, Common American, pinus macroptera, 42, 3I8. psaltria mexicanus, 30. Seal, Harbor, 346. Spizella socialis arizonae, 29, 4r. Seirodonta bilineata,424. Sporophila morelleti sharpei, 29. INDEX. 477

Spot, 321. Thryothorus maculipectus, 23. Squirrel, Burrowing, of Lewis and Thuja occidentalis, 305. Clark, 455. Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis, Ground, of Lewis and Clark, 432. 455. Tichosteus lucasanus, 227. Large Gray, of Lewis and Tilia americana, 307. Clark, 453. Titanosaurus montanus, 227. Northern Fox, 352. Toad, American, 324. Northern Gray, 340. Common Tree, 324. Red, 339. Pickering's Tree, 325. Small Brown, of Lewis and Tolype laricis, 445. C'ark, 449. velleda, 444. Small Gray, of Lewis and Tomcod, 322. Clark, 449. Toro, 318. Southern Flying, 34I. Tortoise, Speckled, 329. Squirrels, Red (see Chickaree). Wood, 329. Staphylea trifolia, 307. Tortricidia flexuosa, 397. Stelgidopteryx serripennis, 27. minuta, 399. Stickleback, Four-spined, 3I8. pallida, 398. Storeria occipitomaculata, 327. testacea, 399. Sturgeon, Common Sharp-nosed, Triton, Spotted, 324. 311. Trochilus colubris, 34. Short-nosed, 3 11. Troglodytes aedon, 23. Succinea obliqua, 308. brunneicollis, 39. Sucker, Brook, 3I2. Trogon puella, 34. Chub, 312. Trout, Brook, 3I6. Common, 312. Speckled, 3I6. Five-scaled, 3I2. Tsuga canadensis, 305. White, 312. Turdus aonalaschkae auduboni, Sun-fish, Blue-spotted, 319. 38. Long-eared, 3I9. ustulatus swainsoni, 37. Sunny, 320. Turtle, Common Box, 329. Symmerista albifrons, 417. Musk, 328. Symphryophus musculosus, 227. Painted, 328. Synchloe thoosa, 239. Snapping, 328. Synconodon, 1 71. Tylopoda, review of the North sexicuspis, I71. American genera and species TACHYCINCTA bicolor, 27. of, 93-I64. Taligrada, 177, I8I. Tylosurus marinus, 318. subordinal characters of, i8o. Tamias leucurus peninsule, 143. UINTATHERIUM, I73. striatus, 338. Ulmus americana, 307. Tamiasciurus, revision of species pubescens, 307. of, 249-298. Umbra pygmaa, 3I7. Tanagra abbas, 27. Unio complanatus, 309. Telacodon, 172. radiatus, 309. Telea polyphemus, 3IO, 436. Uranomitra cyanocephala, 33. Teleoceras fossiger, 51-59. Urocyon cinereoargenteus, 350. major, 5I. Ursus americanus, 352. Terrapene carolina, 329. Utetheisa bella, 367. Thamnophilus doliatus mexicanus, 32. Thamnophis saurita, 327. VACCINIUM corymbosum, 307. sirtalis, 327. pennsylvanicum, 307. Tbomomys atrovarius, 148. staminium, 307. fulvus anita, 146. vacillans, 307. fulvus martirensis, 147. Vannessa antiopa, 3IO. 478 INDEX.

Vespertilio fuscus, 344. Wildcat, 351. Viburnum acerifolium, 307. Wilsonia pusilla, 24, 40. dentatum, 307. Wind-fish, 313. lentago, 307. Woodchuck, 337. Viper, Blowing, 327. Wortman, J. L., the extinct Camel- Vireo amauronotus, 25. idae of North America and gilvus, 25. some associated forms, 93-I64. huttoni stephensi, 37, 40. solitarius, 25. solitarius plumbeus, 40. XANTHOURA luxuosa, 30. Vison, 459. Xiphodon, I02. Vitis oestivalis, 307. labrusca, 307. YELLOW-BELLY, 319. Volatinia jacarini splendens, 29. Vulpes pensylvanicus, 350. ZALOPHUS californianus, 143. WEASEL, Bonaparte's, 349. Zamelodia ludoviciana, 28. New York, 349. melanocephala, 41. Weesel, Fisher, 458. Zapus hudsonius, 332. White-fish, 3I6. Zeuzera pyrina, 445. Labrador, 48. PUBLICATIONS OF THE American Museum of Natural History.

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