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![Arxiv:2105.11583V2 [Astro-Ph.EP] 2 Jul 2021 Keck-HIRES, APF-Levy, and Lick-Hamilton Spectrographs](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/4203/arxiv-2105-11583v2-astro-ph-ep-2-jul-2021-keck-hires-apf-levy-and-lick-hamilton-spectrographs-364203.webp)
Arxiv:2105.11583V2 [Astro-Ph.EP] 2 Jul 2021 Keck-HIRES, APF-Levy, and Lick-Hamilton Spectrographs
Draft version July 6, 2021 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX63 The California Legacy Survey I. A Catalog of 178 Planets from Precision Radial Velocity Monitoring of 719 Nearby Stars over Three Decades Lee J. Rosenthal,1 Benjamin J. Fulton,1, 2 Lea A. Hirsch,3 Howard T. Isaacson,4 Andrew W. Howard,1 Cayla M. Dedrick,5, 6 Ilya A. Sherstyuk,1 Sarah C. Blunt,1, 7 Erik A. Petigura,8 Heather A. Knutson,9 Aida Behmard,9, 7 Ashley Chontos,10, 7 Justin R. Crepp,11 Ian J. M. Crossfield,12 Paul A. Dalba,13, 14 Debra A. Fischer,15 Gregory W. Henry,16 Stephen R. Kane,13 Molly Kosiarek,17, 7 Geoffrey W. Marcy,1, 7 Ryan A. Rubenzahl,1, 7 Lauren M. Weiss,10 and Jason T. Wright18, 19, 20 1Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 2IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 3Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 4Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 5Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 6Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, USA 7NSF Graduate Research Fellow 8Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA 9Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 10Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai`i, -
A Code to Measure Stellar Atmospheric Parameters and Their Covariance from Spectra
MNRAS 467, 971–984 (2017) doi:10.1093/mnras/stx144 Advance Access publication 2017 January 19 ZASPE: a code to measure stellar atmospheric parameters and their covariance from spectra Rafael Brahm,1,2‹ Andres´ Jordan,´ 1,2 Joel Hartman3 and Gasp´ ar´ Bakos3†‡ 1 Instituto de Astrof´ısica, Facultad de F´ısica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica´ de Chile, Av. Vicuna˜ Mackenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/467/1/971/2929275 by Princeton University user on 28 November 2018 2Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, Santiago, Chile 3Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA Accepted 2017 January 17. Received 2017 January 13; in original form 2015 December 7 ABSTRACT We describe the Zonal Atmospheric Stellar Parameters Estimator (ZASPE), a new algorithm, and its associated code, for determining precise stellar atmospheric parameters and their uncertainties from high-resolution echelle spectra of FGK-type stars. ZASPE estimates stellar atmospheric parameters by comparing the observed spectrum against a grid of synthetic spectra only in the most sensitive spectral zones to changes in the atmospheric parameters. Realistic uncertainties in the parameters are computed from the data itself, by taking into account the systematic mismatches between the observed spectrum and the best-fitting synthetic one. The covariances between the parameters are also estimated in the process. ZASPE can in principle use any pre-calculated grid of synthetic spectra, but unbiased grids are required to obtain accurate parameters. We tested the performance of two existing libraries, and we concluded that neither is suitable for computing precise atmospheric parameters. -
To Trappist-1 RAIR Golaith Ship
Mission Profile Navigator 10:07 AM - 12/2/2018 page 1 of 10 Interstellar Mission Profile for SGC Navigator - Report - Printable ver 4.3 Start: omicron 2 40 Eri (Star Trek Vulcan home star) (HD Dest: Trappist-1 2Mass J23062928-0502285 in Aquarii [X -9.150] [Y - 26965) (Keid) (HIP 19849) in Eridani [X 14.437] [Y - 38.296] [Z -3.452] 7.102] [Z -2.167] Rendezvous Earth date arrival: Tuesday, December 8, 2420 Ship Type: RAIR Golaith Ship date arrival: Tuesday, January 8, 2419 Type 2: Rendezvous with a coasting leg ( Top speed is reached before mid-point ) Start Position: Start Date: 2-December-2018 Star System omicron 2 40 Eri (Star Trek Vulcan home star) (HD 26965) (Keid) Earth Polar Primary Star: (HIP 19849) RA hours: inactive Type: K0 V Planets: 1e RA min: inactive Binary: B, C, b RA sec: inactive Type: M4.5V, DA2.9 dec. degrees inactive Rank from Earth: 69 Abs Mag.: 5.915956445 dec. minutes inactive dec. seconds inactive Galactic SGC Stats Distance l/y Sector X Y Z Earth to Start Position: 16.2346953 Kappa 14.43696547 -7.10221947 -2.16744969 Destination Arrival Date (Earth time): 8-December-2420 Star System Earth Polar Trappist-1 2Mass J23062928-0502285 Primary Star: RA hours: inactive Type: M8V Planets 4, 3e RA min: inactive Binary: B C RA sec: inactive Type: 0 dec. degrees inactive Rank from Earth 679 Abs Mag.: 18.4 dec. minutes inactive Course Headings SGC decimal dec. seconds inactive RA: (0 <360) 232.905748 dec: (0-180) 91.8817176 Galactic SGC Sector X Y Z Destination: Apparent position | Start of Mission Omega -9.09279603 -38.2336637 -3.46695345 Destination: Real position | Start of Mission Omega -9.09548281 -38.2366036 -3.46626331 Destination: Real position | End of Mission Omega -9.14988933 -38.2961361 -3.45228825 Shifts in distances of Destination Distance l/y X Y Z Change in Apparent vs. -
Searching for New Young Stars in the Northern Hemisphere: the Pisces
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–?? (2017) Printed September 1, 2017 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) Searching for new young stars in the northern hemisphere: The Pisces Moving Group A. S. Binks1⋆, R. D. Jeffries2 and J. L. Ward3 1Instituto de Radioastronom´ıa y Astrof´ısica, Universidad Nacional Aut´onoma de M´exico, PO Box 3-72, 58090 Morelia, Michoac´an, M´exico 2Astrophysics Group, School of Chemistry and Physics, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG 3Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Zentrum f¨ur Astronomie der Universit¨at Heidelberg, M¨onchhofstraße 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany Accepted. Received, in original form ABSTRACT Using the kinematically unbiased technique described in Binks, Jeffries & Maxted (2015), we present optical spectra for a further 122 rapidly-rotating (rotation periods < 6 days), X-ray active FGK stars, selected from the SuperWASP survey. We identify 17 new examples of young, probably single stars with ages of < 200 Myr and provide additional evidence for a new northern hemisphere kinematic association: the Pisces Moving Group (MG). The group consists of 14 lithium-rich G- and K-type stars, that have a dispersion of only ∼ 3 kms−1 in each Galactic space velocity coordinate. The group members are approximately co-eval in the colour-magnitude diagram, with an age of 30–50 Myr, and have similar, though not identical, kinematics to the Octans- Near MG. Key words: stars: low-mass – stars: pre-main-sequence 1 INTRODUCTION for evolutionary stellar models and are excellent laborato- ries for testing the conditions and history of our nearest, Historically, the majority of young stars in the Solar neigh- young stars. -
Spectroscopic Determination of Photospheric Parameters and Chemical Abundances of 6 K-Type Stars ,
A&A 433, 647–658 (2005) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20041308 & c ESO 2005 Astrophysics Spectroscopic determination of photospheric parameters and chemical abundances of 6 K-type stars, L. Affer1, G. Micela1,T.Morel1, J. Sanz-Forcada1,2,andF.Favata2 1 Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G. S. Vaiana, Piazza del Parlamento 1, 90134 Palermo, Italy e-mail: [email protected] 2 Astrophysics Division – Research and Science Support Department of ESA, ESTEC, Postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands Received 17 May 2004 / Accepted 16 November 2004 Abstract. High resolution, high -S/N- ratio optical spectra have been obtained for a sample of 6 K-type dwarf and subgiant stars, and have been analysed with three different LTE methods in order to derive detailed photospheric parameters and abun- dances and to compare the characteristics of analysis techniques. The results have been compared with the aim of determining the most robust method to perform complete spectroscopic analyses of K-type stars, and in this perspective the present work must be considered as a pilot study. In this context we have determined the abundance ratios with respect to iron of several elements. In the first method the photospheric parameters (Teff ,logg,andξ) and metal abundances are derived using measured equivalent widths and Kurucz LTE model atmospheres as input for the MOOG software code. The analysis proceeds in an iterative way, and relies on the excitation equilibrium of the Fe lines for determining the effective temperature and microtur- bulence, and on the ionization equilibrium of the Fe and Fe lines for determining the surface gravity and the metallicity. -
Understanding the Impacts of Stellar Companions on Planet Formation and Evolution: a Survey of Stellar and Planetary Companions Within 25 Pc
Draft version December 18, 2020 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 Understanding the Impacts of Stellar Companions on Planet Formation and Evolution: A Survey of Stellar and Planetary Companions within 25 pc Lea A. Hirsch,1 Lee Rosenthal,2 Benjamin J. Fulton,3 Andrew W. Howard,2 David R. Ciardi,4 Geoffrey W. Marcy,5 Eric L. Nielsen,6, 1 Erik A. Petigura,7 Robert J. de Rosa,8, 1 Howard Isaacson,5 Lauren M. Weiss,9 Evan Sinukoff,9 and Bruce Macintosh1 1Kavli Center for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 2California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 3NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech/IPAC-NExScI, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 4NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech/IPAC, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 5University of California Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA 6Department of Astronomy, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, MSC 4500, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA 7Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA 8European Southern Observatory, Alonso de C´ordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile 9Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Dr., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (Accepted December 7, 2020) Submitted to AJ ABSTRACT We explore the impact of outer stellar companions on the occurrence rate of giant planets detected with radial velocities. We searched for stellar and planetary companions to a volume-limited sample of solar-type stars within 25 pc. Using adaptive optics (AO) imaging observations from the Lick 3-m and Palomar 20000 Telescopes, we characterized the multiplicity of our sample stars, down to the bottom of the main sequence. -
The Effects of Stellar Winds on the Magnetospheres and Potential Habitability of Exoplanets
A&A 570, A99 (2014) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201424323 & c ESO 2014 Astrophysics The effects of stellar winds on the magnetospheres and potential habitability of exoplanets V. S ee 1, M. Jardine1,A.A.Vidotto1,2,P.Petit3,4, S. C. Marsden5,S.V.Jeffers6, and J. D. do Nascimento Jr.7,8 1 SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, KY16 9SS, St Andrews, UK e-mail: [email protected] 2 Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland 3 Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, 31400 Toulouse, France 4 CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, 14 Avenue Édouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France 5 Computational Engineering and Science Research Centre, University of Southern Queensland, 4350 Toowoomba, Australia 6 Universität Göttingen, Institut für Astrophysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany 7 Departmento de Física Teórica e Experimental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, CEP:59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil 8 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA Received 2 June 2014 / Accepted 6 August 2014 ABSTRACT Context. The principle definition of habitability for exoplanets is whether they can sustain liquid water on their surfaces, i.e. that they orbit within the habitable zone. However, the planet’s magnetosphere should also be considered, since without it, an exoplanet’s atmosphere may be eroded away by stellar winds. Aims. The aim of this paper is to investigate magnetospheric protection of a planet from the effects of stellar winds from solar-mass stars. -
![Arxiv:1207.6212V2 [Astro-Ph.GA] 1 Aug 2012](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/8507/arxiv-1207-6212v2-astro-ph-ga-1-aug-2012-3868507.webp)
Arxiv:1207.6212V2 [Astro-Ph.GA] 1 Aug 2012
Draft: Submitted to ApJ Supp. A Preprint typeset using LTEX style emulateapj v. 5/2/11 PRECISE RADIAL VELOCITIES OF 2046 NEARBY FGKM STARS AND 131 STANDARDS1 Carly Chubak2, Geoffrey W. Marcy2, Debra A. Fischer5, Andrew W. Howard2,3, Howard Isaacson2, John Asher Johnson4, Jason T. Wright6,7 (Received; Accepted) Draft: Submitted to ApJ Supp. ABSTRACT We present radial velocities with an accuracy of 0.1 km s−1 for 2046 stars of spectral type F,G,K, and M, based on ∼29000 spectra taken with the Keck I telescope. We also present 131 FGKM standard stars, all of which exhibit constant radial velocity for at least 10 years, with an RMS less than 0.03 km s−1. All velocities are measured relative to the solar system barycenter. Spectra of the Sun and of asteroids pin the zero-point of our velocities, yielding a velocity accuracy of 0.01 km s−1for G2V stars. This velocity zero-point agrees within 0.01 km s−1 with the zero-points carefully determined by Nidever et al. (2002) and Latham et al. (2002). For reference we compute the differences in velocity zero-points between our velocities and standard stars of the IAU, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and l’Observatoire de Geneve, finding agreement with all of them at the level of 0.1 km s−1. But our radial velocities (and those of all other groups) contain no corrections for convective blueshift or gravitational redshifts (except for G2V stars), leaving them vulnerable to systematic errors of ∼0.2 km s−1 for K dwarfs and ∼0.3 km s−1 for M dwarfs due to subphotospheric convection, for which we offer velocity corrections. -
Observing Stellar Evolution
Observing Stellar Evolution Observing Program Coordinator Bill Pellerin Houston Astronomical Society Houston, TX Observing Stellar Evolution © Copyright 2012 by the Astronomical League. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by an information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the Astronomical League. Limited permission is granted for the downloading, reproducing, and/or printing of the material for personal use. Astronomical League 9201 Ward Parkway, Suite 1000 Kansas City, MO 64114 816-DEEP-SKY www.astroleague.org Observing Stellar Evolution Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Rules and Regulations ................................................................................................................................... 4 Some terms you need to know ..................................................................................................................... 5 Stellar Catalogs.............................................................................................................................................. 6 The HR Diagram ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Stellar Evolution in a Nutshell ...................................................................................................................... -
Astrophysical Insights Into Radial Velocity Jitter from an Analysis of 600 Planet-Search Stars
The Astronomical Journal, 159:235 (33pp), 2020 May https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab855a © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Astrophysical Insights into Radial Velocity Jitter from an Analysis of 600 Planet-search Stars Jacob K. Luhn1,2,5 , Jason T. Wright1,2 , Andrew W. Howard3 , and Howard Isaacson4 1 Department of Astronomy, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, USA; [email protected] 2 Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Lab, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA 3 Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA 4 Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Received 2019 October 23; revised 2020 March 2; accepted 2020 March 3; published 2020 April 27 Abstract Radial velocity (RV) detection of planets is hampered by astrophysical processes on the surfaces of stars that induce a stochastic signal, or “jitter,” which can drown out or even mimic planetary signals. Here, we empirically and carefully measure the RV jitter of more than 600 stars from the California Planet Search sample on a star by star basis. As part of this process, we explore the activity–RV correlation of stellar cycles and include appendices listing every ostensibly companion-induced signal we removed and every activity cycle we noted. We then use precise stellar properties from Brewer et al. to separate the sample into bins of stellar mass and examine trends with activity and with evolutionary state. We find that RV jitter tracks stellar evolution and that in general, stars evolve through different stages of RV jitter: the jitter in younger stars is driven by magnetic activity, while the jitter in older stars is convectively driven and dominated by granulation and oscillations. -
A Survey of Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars
to appear in the Astrophysical Journal A Survey of Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars Deepak Raghavan1,2, Harold A. McAlister1, Todd J. Henry1, David W. Latham3, Geoffrey W. Marcy4, Brian D. Mason5, Douglas R. Gies1, Russel J. White1, Theo A. ten Brummelaar6 ABSTRACT We present the results of a comprehensive assessment of companions to solar- type stars. A sample of 454 stars, including the Sun, was selected from the Hipparcos catalog with π > 40 mas, σπ/π < 0.05, 0.5 ≤ B − V ≤ 1.0 (∼ F6– K3), and constrained by absolute magnitude and color to exclude evolved stars. These criteria are equivalent to selecting all dwarf and subdwarf stars within 25 pc with V -band flux between 0.1 and 10 times that of the Sun, giving us a physical basis for the term “solar-type”. New observational aspects of this work include surveys for (1) very close companions with long-baseline interferometry at the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) Array, (2) close companions with speckle interferometry, and (3) wide proper motion companions identified by blinking multi-epoch archival images. In addition, we include the re- sults from extensive radial-velocity monitoring programs and evaluate companion information from various catalogs covering many different techniques. The results presented here include four new common proper motion companions discovered by blinking archival images. Additionally, the spectroscopic data searched reveal five new stellar companions. Our synthesis of results from many methods and sources results in a thorough evaluation of stellar and brown dwarf companions to nearby Sun-like stars. 1Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy, Georgia State University, P.O. -
Cal. Legacy Survey I
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 255:8 (67pp), 2021 July https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/abe23c © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The California Legacy Survey. I. A Catalog of 178 Planets from Precision Radial Velocity Monitoring of 719 Nearby Stars over Three Decades Lee J. Rosenthal1 , Benjamin J. Fulton1,2 , Lea A. Hirsch3 , Howard T. Isaacson4 , Andrew W. Howard1 , Cayla M. Dedrick1,5 , Ilya A. Sherstyuk1, Sarah C. Blunt1,18 , Erik A. Petigura6 , Heather A. Knutson7 , Aida Behmard7,18 , Ashley Chontos8,18 , Justin R. Crepp9 , Ian J. M. Crossfield10, Paul A. Dalba11,19 , Debra A. Fischer12 , Gregory W. Henry13 , Stephen R. Kane11 , Molly Kosiarek14,18 , Geoffrey W. Marcy4 , Ryan A. Rubenzahl1,18 , Lauren M. Weiss8 , and Jason T. Wright15,16,17 1 Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 2 IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 3 Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 4 Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 5 Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, USA 6 Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA 7 Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 8 Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822,