DOCSLIB.ORG

Churches As a Community Development Agency in Nigeria: Through the Lens of Ibesikpo Asutan Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Churches As a Community Development Agency in Nigeria: Through the Lens of Ibesikpo Asutan Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom Romanian Journal of Historical Studies Volume III – Issue 1 / 2020 https://romanianjournalofhistoricalstudies.wordpress.com CHURCHES AS A COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AGENCY IN NIGERIA: THROUGH THE LENS OF IBESIKPO ASUTAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, AKWA IBOM Balogun Michael Adelakun1; Iduemre Ochuko,PhD2 1 Department of Sociology & Anthropology-Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Sociology & Anthropology - Faculty of Social Sciences. University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected] Online Published: August 31, 2020 Abstract Church is one of the social and religious institutions that has both the social responsibility to preach and cater for the wellness of individual and communities. The study examined the impacts of churches as the community development agency in Ibesikpo Asutan Local Government of Akwa Ibom state as a lens to the country. It investigated the specific community projects undertaken by the churches in the past nine years in the area; also determined the source of income/finance for developmental project in the area; examined the type of members/worshippers in Ibesikpo Asutan Local Government Area churches; and assessed churches challenges in carrying-out community development projects in the Area. Structural functionalism theory was used for the study. The sample size of seventy (70) interviewees were selected within community and churches leader for in- depth interviewed. The data collected were analyzed, and it was recommended that organizations, individual both in diasporas should emulate the ideals of churches to key into the future of community and left behind legacy for other to trend by strategize both developmental ambitions of the populace. Also, Government should adjust the policy for effective community development especially in rural community by the appointment of committee that comprises individual both within and outside the communities (local, state and federal) to be sure developments get to grassroots. In addition to churches efforts in development of the communities, there is need to establish micro-loan for poverty alleviation and scholarship schemes for the less privileged in these locality as its extended to the country at large. Key words: Agency, Church, community development. Background Over the years, churches as community development agency have played a significant role in community development as they have not only committed to preaching the gospel but also to the welfare of members and well-being of the society at large. Churches as the catalysts for socio-economic and political development in Nigeria, have created a platform for man to express his spirituality in the society. Thus, Dokpesi (2010) argued that man is not just social and biological but equally spiritual, and spiritual component of man is improved upon by his religious engagements. Therefore, man instituted religion in order to have a platform or structure in which he can continuously engage in an intercourse with the transcendental forces to which he attaches sacredness. This has spread across the world, even to Nigeria. The modern planting of the church in Africa may be said to begin with non-white settlers from the ex-slaves’ areas of the New World who were settled at Freetown in Sierra 10 ISSN 2601 – 3428 / ISSN-L 2601 – 3428 Romanian Journal of Historical Studies, Volume III – Issue 1 / 2020 Balogun Michael Adelakun Iduemre Ochuko Leone (Adewale & Abu, 2013). However, Gabriel and Louis (2015) traced the creation of modern Nigeria to the activities of three different groups, namely, British missionaries, traders, and imperialist. The form and pattern that the modern Nigeria was to take embedded in the “Bible and Plough” theory. It was based on European model: to have a Christian foundation; merge several ethnic groups together; and rest on a solid industrial base. That is, the tool for nation building of the nation-state was based on Christianity, commerce and civilization. According to Gabriel and Louis (2015), “missionaries also engaged in building churches, roads, hospitals, and other institutions of government”. The advent of churches has contributed immensely towards the socio-economic and political development of African countries. In Nigeria, churches have enhanced the qualities of socio-economic structure, and as a result, promoting community development (Anozie, 2013). This development occurs when people strengthen the bonds within their neighborhoods, building social networks and their own organization to provide a long- term capacity for problems solving. This clearly points out the place of corporate social responsibility through churches oriented programmes aimed at developing the community by engaging in physical projects. Presently, most churches in Nigeria such as, The Redeemed Christian Church of God, Lutheran Church of Nigeria, Living Faith Church (Winners Chapel), Synagogue of All Nations, Anglican Church, and many others, have diverse projects that include building of affordable houses, schools, guest houses, recreation facilities, hospitals, events centers, and many other commercial activities (Iwuoha, 2014). These developmental strides have gone a long way in transforming the people of the locality and the society at large, as it improves their standard of living by creating employment opportunities and generate revenues to the government through tax payment. Gruber (2005) acknowledged that when such developments take place in low income areas, it attracts new residents and become magnets for diverse businesses and better lives/paying jobs. However, community development is one of the fundamental issues that many churches in Nigeria still need to address in this present dispensation as a large number of communities, most especially the rural communities are presently living in a devastating state. The development of rural areas bound to be one of the major objectives of the Nigerian government since the attainment of independence in 1960, so as to correct the socio- economy imbalances that exist between the rural and urban community (Okafor, 2005). The sole aim of any community development activities/initiatives are geared toward bringing changes in the lives of people with the aim of enhancing their livelihood and societal development (Akpomuvie, 2010). In spite of this, the greater percentage of communities in Nigeria are still saddled with the problems of lack of basic amenities like good road networks, electricity, pipe-borne water, healthcare facilities, communication facilities, schools and many others especially in rural area (Adebayo, 2013). Thus, community can achieve more meaningful existence; become more responsible to expanding better; more responsive to human needs; and more competent to live harmoniously with neighbors when cultivated positive active supports (Balogun & Iduemre, 2020), and if churches are fully involved and are in active participation in the physical and infrastructural development activities in their host communities. Since, the emphasis of religion has always been “services to mankind and love for fellow men”. Thus, churches have a superior opportunity to be initiators and sponsors of community development programmes (Anozie, 2013). Though, they are not only the custodians of the tradition that would make life more abundant or better; but are located almost everywhere which Ibesikpo Asutan Local Government Area is among and the people in this region are faced with developmental challenges in which a number of churches organizations tend to shy away from addressing. The Role of Churches in Community Development in Nigeria In Nigeria, aside the constitutional roles of Local Government been the nearest and regarded as the third tier of Government provided the link between the Federal and State Government in both rural and urban area; whereas churches as an extension to the people create among others social change (Umebali et al, 2000). This has to do with provision of social amenities like communities’ education; most especially, establishing projects 11 ISSN 2601 – 3428 / ISSN-L 2601 – 3428 Romanian Journal of Historical Studies, Volume III – Issue 1 / 2020 Balogun Michael Adelakun Iduemre Ochuko that promote development in the communities. Community development practice is very essential to close the far distance from federal government to the local communities in terms of provision of physical projects, literacy programmes, vocational training, citizen education, cultural education, agricultural development, and economic advancement programmes (Balogun & Iduemre, 2020). The Christian churches have provided both moral and economic security to the country in mission to develop the community, therefore inculcating morals. To actualize the role of churches, it does ensure citizenship participation and when this happened, it enables them to make the decision either on economic, political, or education. To lead the people out of poverty, churches ventures into creation of economic institutions. That is, they involved in various activities especially in local communities like acquisition and development of land, building of business enterprises, so as to create employment opportunities for the teeming population (Ogunleye and Oladeinde, 2013). It is obvious that church-based business enterprises help rebuild a community‘s social infrastructures and provide much needed value-based services such as childcare, youth development, elder care and substance counselling (Ibaba,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • NIGERIA: Registration of Cameroonian Refugees September 2019
    NIGERIA: Registration of Cameroonian Refugees September 2019 TARABA KOGI BENUE TAKUM 1,626 KURMI NIGERIA 570 USSA 201 3,180 6,598 SARDAUNA KWANDE BEKWARA YALA DONGA-MANTUNG MENCHUM OBUDU OBANLIKU ENUGU 2,867 OGOJA AKWAYA 17,301 EBONYI BOKI IKOM 1,178 MAJORITY OF THE ANAMBRA REFUGEES ORIGINATED OBUBRA FROM AKWAYA 44,247 ABI Refugee Settlements TOTAL REGISTERED YAKURR 1,295ETUNG MANYU REFUGEES FROM IMO CAMEROON CROSS RIVER ABIA BIOMETRICALLY BIASE VERIFIED 35,636 3,533 AKAMKPA CAMEROON Refugee Settlements ODUKPANI 48 Registration Site CALABAR 1,058MUNICIPAL UNHCR Field Office AKWA IBOM CALABAR NDIAN SOUTH BAKASSI667 UNHCR Sub Office 131 58 AKPABUYO RIVERS Affected Locations 230 Scale 1:2,500,000 010 20 40 60 80 The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official Kilometers endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Data Source: UNHCR Creation Date: 2nd October 2019 DISCLAIMER: The boundaries and names shown, and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. A technical team has been conducting a thorough review of the information gathered so as to filter out any data discrepancies. BIOMETRICALLY VERIFIED REFUGEES REGISTRATION TREND PER MONTH 80.5% (35,636 individuals) of the total refugees 6272 counteded at household level has been 5023 registered/verified through biometric capture of iris, 4025 3397 fingerprints and photo. Refugee information were 2909 2683 2371 also validated through amendment of their existing 80.5% information, litigation and support of national 1627 1420 1513 1583 586 VERIFIED documentations. Provision of Refugee ID cards will 107 ensure that credible information will effectively and efficiently provide protection to refugees.
    [Show full text]
  • Settlements Accessibility to Transport Routes in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria: Implication for Poverty Reduction Among Farming Households
    JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & SOCIAL SCIENCES ISSN Print: 1813–2235; ISSN Online: 1814–960X 10–035/SBC/2011/7–2–86–90 http://www.fspublishers.org Full Length Article Settlements Accessibility to Transport Routes in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria: Implication for Poverty Reduction among Farming Households VICTOR E. UMOREN AND NSIKAKABASI A. ETIM1† Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Uyo, P.M.B 1017, Uyo, Nigeria †Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Uyo, P.M.B 1017, Uyo, Nigeria 1Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The development of the rural economy is a sine qua non for poverty reduction. This paper highlights the need for rural infrastructure particularly road development in a reforming and developing economy. The accessibility of settlements to the states and federal routes was investigated. Findings reveal that out of the 1452 settlements in the state, 46.9% were accessible while 53.1% were not accessible to either state or federal roads. The study suggests the provision of access roads that will boost agricultural production and marketing and ensure food security and poverty reduction in the rural economy. © 2011 Friends Science Publishers Key Words: Settlement; Accessibility; Transport; Poverty; Nigeria INTRODUCTION between 1980 and 1996, shows that majority of the poor are located in rural areas. In 1980, 28.3% of rural dwellers were Nigeria is a federation with a huge population of 128.7 impoverished, but by 1985, the percentage had risen to million (NPC 2006; World Bank, 2006). Nigeria is one of 51.4%. The incidence of poverty in rural areas has declined the most resource endowed nations in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • NIGERIA: REFERENCE MAP CAMEROON REFUGEE SITUATION Plateau Karim-Lamido Ardo-Kola
    | NIGERIA NIGERIA: REFERENCE MAP CAMEROON REFUGEE SITUATION Plateau Karim-Lamido Ardo-Kola H!&M&M Gassol Ibi Nasarawa &M &M &M Wukari Bali &M Guma &M Agatu H! Taraba MakuH!rdi &M &M Logo Apa Ukum Donga Gwer West Tarka &M Gashaka &M Buruku &M Gwer East Gboko Oturkpo Benue Katsina-Ala Kurmi Ohimini Takum ¥&M & &M H! &M Ushongo Ussa Konshisha Okpokwu Ogbadibo Obi Sardauna & Oju Vandeikya Enugu Ado Kwande Bekwara &M ¥ Ikyogem Yala & Ö Donga-Mantung Ukende Ukende Adagom I Ö Ö Adagom ¥ Ikyogem Menchum ¥ Obudu Ogoja Obanliku H! Ebonyi H! Boki Ikom National boundary Obubra &M State boundary Abi Etung &M Manyu Yakurr LGA Boundary Affected Location Abia Cross River Republic of Rivers H! Biase Cameroon H! City Akamkpa Ini &M Town Ö Refugee Settlement Obot Akara Ikono Ibiono Ibom&M Ikot EkH!pene & Itu Odukpani UNHCR Sub Office Essien Udim & Abak H! UNHCR Field Office Uyo Ika Uruan Calabar-¥Municipal Etim Ekpo H!& ¥ Ibesikpo Asutan Current Registration Sites Nsit Ibom Akpabuyo Ukanafun Calabar South Nsit Atai Okobo &M Ndian Oruk Anam Oron Bakassi Etinan Udung Uko Nsit Ubium Mbo Mkpat Enin Urue-Offong/Oruko &M Eket Esit - Eket Mbo Ikot Abasi Onna Mbo Nigeria Overview Map Ibeno The boundaries and names shown and the Eastern Obolo designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or accepatence by the United Nations. Sources: UNHCR Nigeria, HDX Basemap: Open Street Map ² Creation date: January 2020 Scale: 1:700,000 Km Email: [email protected] 0 600 1,200 2,400 Website: http://www.unchr.©o OrpegnS/treetMap (and) contributors, CC-BY-SA.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementing the Surge Hiv Response in Akwa Ibom an Accelerated Hiv Epidemic Control Drive Content
    TECHNICAL BRIEF - 2019 A technical guide for local program local program for guide A technical Ibom State... in Akwa managers IMPLEMENTING THE SURGE HIV RESPONSE IN AKWA IBOM AN ACCELERATED HIV EPIDEMIC CONTROL DRIVE CONTENT 1 Understanding the shape of the HIV epidemic in Akwa Ibom 2 Rationale for the surge HIV response 3 Overaching themes of the surge HIV response 4 Community antiretroviral therapy management (CAM) 5 Preimplementation activities 6 The community antiretroviral therapy management team 7 HIV case finding; the fulcrum point of the surge HIV response 8 Linkage to antiretroviral therapy 9 Viral load services in the context of community ART services 10 Coordination and monitoring of CAM services 11 Conclusion 12 Annex TECHNICAL GUIDANCE TECHNICAL GUIDE PAGE 3 UNDERSTANDING THE SHAPE OF THE HIV EPIDEMIC IN AKWA IBOM STATE Fig 1: HIV prevalence in Nigeria (NAIIS 2018) Nigeria has made progress in the fight against HIV/AIDS. The just concluded national AIDS indicator impact survey (NAIIS) revealed that the national Estimated 13,000 new cases prevalence of HIV is 1.4% with an estimated 1.9 million people infected with per year Adolescents 15-19 years the virus. With a mixed epidemic, only 7 out of the 36 states in the country account for 5000 cases % Incidence among cohabiting partners: 1.60 ---- AKAIS account for over 50% of this burden. The top 3 states by burden include Rivers, Benue and Akwa Ibom states. Akwa Ibom state has the highest prevalence in the country at 5.5% with an estimated burden of 178,000 people living with HIV.
    [Show full text]
  • Nigeria Conflict Bulletin: Akwa Ibom State
    THE FUND FOR PEACE Nigeria Conflict Bulletin: Akwa Ibom State Patterns and Trends, January 2012 - J u n e 2 0 1 5 Overall, between 2012-2015, Akwa This Conflict Bulletin provides a brief incidents and fatalities over time. The bar Ibom was the second most peaceful state in snapshot of the trends and patterns of chart shows the relative trend of incidents the Niger Delta region as measured by conflict risk factors at the State and LGA of insecurity by LGA per capita. reported fatalities per capita. Udom levels, drawing on the data available on the Emmanuel of the People’s Democratic Party P4P Digital Platform for Multi-Stakeholder The summaries draw on data collected by (PDP) won the gubernatorial election in April Engagement (www.p4p-nigerdelta.org). It ACLED, FFP’s UNLocK, the Council on 2015, to replace outgoing Governor represents a compilation of the data from Foreign Relations’ NST, WANEP Nigeria, CSS/ Godswill Akpabio (also PDP) who was the sources listed below, not necessarily the ETH Zurich, NEEWS2015, and Nigeria Watch elected in 2007. Election violence was opinions of FFP or any other organization integrated on the P4P platform. They also reported in both 2011 and 2015. After the that collaborated on the production of this draw on data and information from most recent election, supporters of the bulletin. “Violence in Nigeria: Patterns and Trends,” opposition All Progressives Congress (APC) by Patricia Taft and Nate Haken (Springer protested the results, alleging irregularities. The screenshot of the heat map on this Press, April 2015). page shows the relative distribution of Other issues reported in the last three and a incidents from one LGA to the next from half years include land conflict and January 2012 to June 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Socioeconomic Development Inequalities Among Geographic Units in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria Umoren, V
    Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management Vol. 6 No.3 2013 SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INEQUALITIES AMONG GEOGRAPHIC UNITS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA UMOREN, V. E. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v6i3.11 Received 12th February 2013; accepted 17th April 2013 Abstract Socio-economic development inequality among geographic units is a phenomenon common in both the developed and developing countries. Regional inequality may result in dissension among geographic units of the same state due to the imbalance in socio-economic development. This study examines the inequality and the pattern in socio-economic development in Akwa Ibom State. Data on socio-economic development indicators was collected using field survey, questionnaire and data from relevant agencies across the 24 areas or nodes selected out of the 31 areas or nodes. The factor analysis technique was applied to the 26 variables to achieve a parsimonious description and identify the major factors to indicate the socio-economic dimensions. From the analysis seven major factors were identified. Factor 1 identified and named as education/communication factor, factor 2 identified and named Health institution/small scale industry factor, factor 3 identified and named as means of transport factor, factor 4 identified and named as land area factor, factor 5 identified and named as distance factor, factor 6 identified and named as income/household size factor and factor 7 identified and named as car ownership factor. The total variance for the factors is 82%. The study revealed that there exist variation and patterns in the socio-economic development in the study area.The pattern shows factor 1 has Essien Udium and Onna indicating high performance .Factor 2 , has 3 areas that indicate high performance Okobo, Ibeno, and Oruk Anam.Factor 3 has 3 areas that indicate high performance Ibesikpo Asutan, Abak and Etinan.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphology and Distribution of Species of the Family Cucurbitaceae in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
    Phytotaxa 508 (2): 107–128 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2021 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.508.2.1 Morphology and distribution of species of the family Cucurbitaceae in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria OMODOT TIMOTHY UMOH1,2* & MARGARET EMMANUEL BASSEY1,3 1 Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, University of Uyo, Nigeria. 2 [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7381-8987 3 [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-3358 *Author for correspondence Abstract A study of the family Cucurbitaceae in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, was carried out in 15 Local Government Areas in different ecological zones across the State, where collections were made between May 2017 and June 2018. A total of eleven species in nine genera were collected: Citrullus lanatus, Citrullus mucosospermus, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Lagenaria siceraria, Lagenaria sphaerica, Luffa aegyptiaca, Momordica charantia, Siraitia africana, Telfairia occidentalis, and Trichosanthes cucumerina. Variation in morphology were seen in the investigated species in the stem shape that were cylindrical or angular, the compound or simple types of leaves, the indumentum of the leaf, the acute or acuminate leaf apices, the yellow or white petals, the cylindrical, spherical or irregular fruit shape, the lanceolate or irregular seed shape, and the pubescent or smooth seed. Cultivated cucurbits collected were 65% of the species investigated, while 35% occurred in the wild. A survey of the Cucurbitaceae collections in the Forest Herbarium Ibadan showed only four species recorded for Akwa Ibom State, of which only Luffa aegyptica was identified and collected in the course of this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Projected Population 2007 - 2015
    GOVERNMENT OF AKWA IBOM STATE OF NIGERIA PROJECTED POPULATION 2007 - 2015 MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT UYO, AKWA IBOM STATE April, 2014 PREFACE This is the first edition of the publication on the projected population of Akwa Ibom State. It covers the period 2007 – 2015 and gives the projected population of the State by year, sex, residence, age group and Local Government Area. The projection was obtained from 2006 population census figure for Akwa Ibom State using the acceptable growth rate of 3.4 per cent all round. The growth rate was obtained from the National Population Commission, Akwa Ibom State Office, Uyo. The projection was done by staff of the Directorate of Statistics, Ministry of Economic n Development and is based on the Compound Interest Formula, P n = P o + (1 + r) , where; Pn = projected population for year n Po = 2006 population census figure 1 = constant r = population growth rate for Akwa Ibom State n = number of years On behalf of the Permanent Secretary and staff of Ministry of Economic Development, I wish to thank His Excellency, the Executive Governor of Akwa Ibom State, Chief Godswill O. Akpabio (CON), for the love and support to enhance the production of quality and timely statistics in the State. It is hoped that this publication will be useful to politicians, academicians, researchers, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), students, industrialists and the general public in their day-to-day activities. Akan Okon Honourable Commissioner Ministry of Economic Development Akwa Ibom State April, 2014 i TABLE
    [Show full text]
  • Akwa Ibom Conflict Tracker August 2018
    Conflict Incident Monthly Tracker Akwa Ibom State: July -August 2018 B a ck gro und the Qua Iboe Terminal in Ibeno LGA. Protest: In July, youths from five LGAs - Cult Violence: In June, cultists reportedly Oron, Mbo, Urue-Offiong/Oruko, Okobo and This monthly tracker is designed to update attacked a commercial bus conveying people Udung Uko - protested over an alleged plan Peace Agents on patterns and trends in to a funeral and killed three in Etim Ekpo by the state government to relocate a deep conflict risk and violence, as identified by the LGA. Separately, a man was reportedly killed seaport from Ibaka community in Mbo LGA. Integrated Peace and Development Unit by cultists for allegedly working as an (IPDU) early warning system, and to seek Recent Incidents or informant for the police in Etim Ekpo LGA. In feedback and input for response to mitigate another incident, three were reported killed Issues, August 2018 areas of conflict. in a battle for supremacy between members Incidents during this period mainly related to of Vikings and Black Axe cult groups in Eket. Patterns and Trends child trafficking and criminality. Mob Violence: In June, a vehicle belonging to M ay-J ul y 20 1 8 Child Trafficking: During the month, the the Nigeria Custom Services (NCS) was police reportedly arrested a 27-year old According to Peace Map data (see Figure 1), reportedly set ablaze by a mob over the pregnant woman for selling her reported incidents during this period death of a motorcyclist and two passengers granddaughter for two hundred thousand included criminality, cult violence, child in a road crash in Oron LGA.
    [Show full text]
  • ECOLOGY of UNDERGROWTH PLANT SPECIES in FOUR SELECTED NATURAL FORESTS in AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA Etuk I
    African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research ISSN: 2689-9434 Volume 3, Issue 4, 2020 (pp. 12-34) www.abjournals.org ECOLOGY OF UNDERGROWTH PLANT SPECIES IN FOUR SELECTED NATURAL FORESTS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA Etuk I. M., Daniel K. S. and Umoh U. A. Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria ABSTRACT : The study was conducted to assess the population of undergrowth species of plants in four selected natural forests in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Four local government areas were randomly selected with systematic sampling method used for enumeration of the species which were, Ibesikpo Asutan, Uruan, Mkpat Enin and Ikono LGAs. Descriptive statistics, Simpson’s diversity and Sorenson’s similarity indices were used to analyze the data collected from the study areas. The undergrowth plant species were identified and classified into scientific, family, common and ethnic names, uses as well as eco-forms and number found. The result showed that the total number of undergrowth species in four randomly selected areas was 5599 stands, 1740 stands of undergrowth species were found in Ibesikpo Asutan, 1292stands were obtained from Uruan, 1659 stands were found in Mkpat Enin and 908 stands of undergrowth plant species were obtained from Ikono LGAs. The result showed that Ibesikpo Asutan and Uruan LGAs have the diversity index (DI) of 0.024 each, while Mkpat Enin and Ikono LGAs have the DIs of 0.041 and 0.032 respectively. The total similarity index value in the study areas was 2.308. The similarity matrix index was also determined to give more knowledge on ecology of undergrowth species in the study areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Afaha Ikot Owop – Obo Etok Terminating at Obo Ntong Market Road in Nsit Ibom & Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State (Draft)
    Resettlement Action Plan for The Rehabilitation Of Enen Nsit/Utuat Market Through Ekponwa Market Hub – Afaha Udoeyop – Owot Uta Junction Adjoining Ikot Obio Offong – Afaha Ikot Owop – Obo Etok Terminating At Obo Ntong Market Road In Nsit Ibom & Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State (Draft) Public Disclosure Authorized FEDERAL REPUPLIC OF NIGERIA AKWA IBOM STATE RURAL ACCESS AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROJECT (RAAMP) Public Disclosure Authorized RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENEN NSIT/UTUAT MARKET THROUGH Public Disclosure Authorized EKPONWA MARKET HUB – AFAHA UDOEYOP – OWOT UTA JUNCTION ADJOINING IKOT OBIO OFFONG – AFAHA IKOT OWOP – OBO ETOK TERMINATING AT OBO NTONG MARKET ROAD IN NSIT IBOM & IBESIKPO ASUTAN LGAS OF AKWA IBOM STATE. DRAFT FINAL REPORT SEPTEMBER 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized Resettlement Action Plan for The Rehabilitation Of Enen Nsit/Utuat Market Through Ekponwa Market Hub – Afaha Udoeyop – Owot Uta Junction Adjoining Ikot Obio Offong – Afaha Ikot Owop – Obo Etok Terminating At Obo Ntong Market Road In Nsit Ibom & Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State (Draft) TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................ ii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................................. v LIST OF FIGURES ..........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Nigerian Journal of Rural Sociology Vol. 16, No. 4, 2016 61
    Nigerian Journal of Rural Sociology Vol. 16, No. 4, 2016 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ WELLBEING IN SELECTED STATES OF THE NIGER DELTA ZONE OF NIGERIA Etuk, E. E. and Odebode, S. O. Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Ibadan Correspondent contact details: [email protected] ABSTRACT The wellbeing of a household is determined by the level of utility accessed by individual members of that household. This study examined the level of household wellbeing in rural communities of selected Niger Delta states. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. A total of 454 respondents were selected from the four sampled local government areas of Akwa Ibom (Ibeno and Ibesikpo Asutan) and Abia state (Ukwa west and Ikwuano) oil and non oil communities. Quantitative data was collected using interview schedule, while qualitative data was collected through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. About 37.4 (OPC) and 26.8% (NOPC) households always had access to material living conditions, while access to quality of life were 46.6 (OPC) and 38.9% (NOPC. Most severe constraint faced by households in OPC was poor access to poverty alleviation programmes (422), and unavailability of credit in NOPC (483). The result also indicated that majority of the households in both communities had low levels of wellbeing and consequently fell below the community poverty line. The study recommends that efforts to improve household wellbeing in the study area should focus on improving agricultural activities as it was discovered that these activities were still the dominant livelihood activities in the communities.
    [Show full text]