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Pre-Islamic Arabia
Pre-Islamic Arabia The Nomadic Tribes of Arabia The nomadic pastoralist Bedouin tribes inhabited the Arabian Peninsula before the rise of Islam around 700 CE. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe the societal structure of tribes in Arabia KEY TAKEAWAYS Key Points Nomadic Bedouin tribes dominated the Arabian Peninsula before the rise of Islam. Family groups called clans formed larger tribal units, which reinforced family cooperation in the difficult living conditions on the Arabian peninsula and protected its members against other tribes. The Bedouin tribes were nomadic pastoralists who relied on their herds of goats, sheep, and camels for meat, milk, cheese, blood, fur/wool, and other sustenance. The pre-Islamic Bedouins also hunted, served as bodyguards, escorted caravans, worked as mercenaries, and traded or raided to gain animals, women, gold, fabric, and other luxury items. Arab tribes begin to appear in the south Syrian deserts and southern Jordan around 200 CE, but spread from the central Arabian Peninsula after the rise of Islam in the 630s CE. Key Terms Nabatean: an ancient Semitic people who inhabited northern Arabia and Southern Levant, ca. 37–100 CE. Bedouin: a predominantly desert-dwelling Arabian ethnic group traditionally divided into tribes or clans. Pre-Islamic Arabia Pre-Islamic Arabia refers to the Arabian Peninsula prior to the rise of Islam in the 630s. Some of the settled communities in the Arabian Peninsula developed into distinctive civilizations. Sources for these civilizations are not extensive, and are limited to archaeological evidence, accounts written outside of Arabia, and Arab oral traditions later recorded by Islamic scholars. Among the most prominent civilizations were Thamud, which arose around 3000 BCE and lasted to about 300 CE, and Dilmun, which arose around the end of the fourth millennium and lasted to about 600 CE. -
Tawuniya Provider Listing 2016
Tawuniya Provider Listing (Updated 2016) City AFIF class VVIP Tel إسم مقدم الخدمة Provider Name Y 17221161 مستوصف الساهر - عفيف Al Saher Medical Center Polyclinic - Afif Y 17222488 مستوصف البرجس اﻷهلي - عفيف Al Bargas El Ahly Clinic - Afif Y 17221555 مجمع الشفاء الطبي - عفيف Al Shefa Medical Center - Afif City AFLAJ class VVIP Tel إسم مقدم الخدمة Provider Name Y 16821111 مجمع عيادات الكمال الطبي Al Kamal Medical Clinic - Al Aflaj Y 16822842 مستوصف فرحان محمد آل نادر - اﻻفﻻج (Farhan Al Nadir Clinic (Al Aflag Y 16821507 مستوصف ليلى - اﻻفﻻج Laila Medical Clinic - Al Aflaj City AHAD RUFAIDAH class VVIP Tel إسم مقدم الخدمة Provider Name Al Emeis Medical Complex (Ahad Y 2506633 ( أحد رفيدة)مجمع العميس (Rufaidah City AL BAHA class VVIP Tel إسم مقدم الخدمة Provider Name Y 77271126 مستوصف د. غسان نجيب فرعون - الباحة Gnp Polyclinic - Al Baha Y 77255052 مستوصف السﻻمة - الباحة Al Salamah Polyclinic - Al Baha Y 77280544 مستوصف المخواة - المخواة Al Makhwah N. Clinic - Al Makhwah Y 77257000 مستوصف المعجب Al Mogeb Clinic Y 77513525 مركز اشفى الطبي - الباحة Ashfa Medical Center - Al Baha - مجموعة مراكز نيس الطبية لطب اﻷسنان والجلدية Nees Group Of Medical Centers, Dental Y 77242333 الباحة And Derma - Al Baha Y 77253540 مستشفى الملك فهد-الباحه King Fahad Hospital - Baha Y 7515222 مستوصف سما النوذجي الطبي Sama Adial Clinic شركة تميم بن علي سعيد الغامدي )مجمع بن دماس Y 7248111 (الطبي Bin Dammas Medical Center Y 77270801 مستوصف شامخ - الباحة Shamikh Clinic - Al Baha City AL DWADMI class VVIP Tel إسم مقدم الخدمة Provider Name Y 16423798 مستوصف الحسيني - الدوادمي Al Husainy Hospital - Al Dwadmi Y 16423338 مستوصف أبو زيد الطبي Abu - Zeed Md. -
Proquest Dissertations
The history of the conquest of Egypt, being a partial translation of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's "Futuh Misr" and an analysis of this translation Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Hilloowala, Yasmin, 1969- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 21:08:06 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282810 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly fi-om the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectiotiing the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. -
A History of Saudi Arabia
A HISTORY OF SAUDI ARABIA MADAWI AL-RASHEED University of London PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CBRU,UK West th Street, New York, NY -, USA Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC , Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on , Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town , South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published Reprinted Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface Baskerville Monotype /. pt. System LATEX ε [TB] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN X hardback ISBN paperback Contents List of illustrations page ix List of tables x Chronology xi Glossary xiv Map Saudi Arabia, main regions and cities xvi Map Saudi Arabia, main tribes xvii Introduction Society and politics, – and – The origins of AlSa cud (–) A fragile Sacudi revival( –) The Rashidi emirate in Ha il( –) The Sharifian emirate in Hijaz Hasa in the nineteenth century Emirate formation in Arabia The emerging state, – The capture of Riyadh () The First World War and Ibn Sacud (–) The capture of Ha il( ) The capture of Hijaz () The mut.awwaca of Najd The ikhwan An alliance -
The History of Al-Tabari
The History of al-Tabari The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah and the Conquest of Syria and Palestine The Battle of al-Qadisiyyah and the Conquest of Syria and Palestine Volume XII Translated by Yohanan Friedmann The present volume of the History of al-TabarT deals with the years 14 and 15 of the Islamic era, which correspond to A.D. 635-637. The nascent Islamic state had just emerged victorious from the crisis that followed the Prophet's death in 632 and had suppressed what was known as the riddab ("apostasy") rebellion in the Arabian peninsula . Under the leadership of 'Umar b. al- Khattab, the second caliph, or successor to the Prophet Muhammad, the Muslims embarked on the conquests that would soon transform the whole of the Middle East and North Africa into an Arab empire. Most of the present volume describes the battle of al-Qadisiyyah, which took place on the border between the fertile Iraqi lowlands (al-sawid) and the Arabian desert and resulted in the decisive defeat of the Persian army. The Muslim victory at al-Qadisiyyah heralded the downfall of the Sasanian dynasty , which had ruled Persia and Meso- potamia since A.D., the third century ; it also paved the way for the conquest of Iraq and facilitated Islamic expansion into Persia and beyond. The volume also deals with the conquest of Syria and Palestine and the expulsion of the Byzantines from those regions. Particular attention is devoted to the traditions related to the conquest of Jerusalem at the hands of 'Umar b. al-Khattab, the first Muslim prayer on the Temple Mount, and its transformation into an Islamic sanctuary. -
SN Date Regd. Company Detail Manpower
SN Date Regd. company detail manpower Damakhin Establishment for Maintenance and Operation Synnet International Pvt. Ltd. 1 17-Jul-2019 076/77/1 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010538264 Lic No: 206 Damakin Contracting Est. Synnet International Pvt. Ltd. 2 17-Jul-2019 076/77/2 riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010375231 Lic No: 206 Taj Renad Contracting Est Synnet International Pvt. Ltd. 3 17-Jul-2019 076/77/3 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010529103 Lic No: 206 Thatwe Golden Lion Restaurant SMP Overseas Pvt. Ltd. 4 17-Jul-2019 076/77/4 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010499662 Lic No: 817 5 17-Jul-2019 076/77/5 Kathmandu CR No 1129004036 Lic No: Sun Shine World Est. White Pigeon Job Placement Pvt. Ltd. 6 17-Jul-2019 076/77/6 Dammam Kathmandu CR No 2063605975 Lic No: 1369 Al Amjad Company for Education and Training Osho Recruiting Agency Pvt. Ltd. 7 17-Jul-2019 076/77/7 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010191787 Lic No: 795 Al Amjad Company for Education and Training Osho Recruiting Agency Pvt. Ltd. 8 17-Jul-2019 076/77/8 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010191787 Lic No: 795 Remal Assawahel Contracting & Maintenance Co. Apple Overseas Pvt. Ltd. 9 17-Jul-2019 076/77/9 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010042569 Lic No: 876 Muntaha Al Azhar Company for contractting Ishan Overseas Pvt. Ltd. 10 17-Jul-2019 076/77/10 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 1010519298 Lic No: 532 Abhor Contracting Est. Al Harmain HR Pvt. Ltd. 11 17-Jul-2019 076/77/11 Riyadh Kathmandu CR No 4030328887 Lic No: 1160 Remal Assawahel Contracting & Maintenance Co. -
Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S
Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Updated September 25, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44533 SUMMARY R44533 Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy September 25, 2019 The State of Qatar has employed its ample financial resources to exert regional influence separate from and independent of Saudi Arabia, the de facto leader of the Gulf Cooperation Council Kenneth Katzman (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Oman), an alliance of Specialist in Middle six Gulf monarchies. While fostering a close defense and security alliance with the United States, Eastern Affairs Qatar has intervened in several regional conflicts and has, at times, engaged Sunni Islamists, Iran [email protected] and Iran-backed groups, and Israeli officials. Qatar has maintained consistent dialogue with Iran while also supporting U.S. efforts to limit Iran’s regional influence and U.S. combat against For a copy of the full report, major regional terrorist organizations such as the Islamic State organization. please call 7-.... or visit www.crs.gov. Qatar’s support for regional Muslim Brotherhood organizations and its Al Jazeera media network have contributed to a backlash against Qatar led by fellow GCC states Saudi Arabia and the UAE. In June 2017, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Bahrain, joined by Egypt and a few other governments, severed relations with Qatar and imposed limits on the entry and transit of Qatari nationals and vessels in their territories, waters, and airspace. The Trump Administration has sought, unsuccessfully to date, to mediate a resolution of the dispute, hindering U.S. -
Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy
Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Updated August 27, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44533 SUMMARY R44533 Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy August 27, 2021 The State of Qatar, a small Arab Gulf monarchy which has about 300,000 citizens in a total population of about 2.4 million, has employed its ample financial resources to exert Kenneth Katzman regional influence, often independent of the other members of the Gulf Cooperation Specialist in Middle Council (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, and Eastern Affairs Oman) alliance. Qatar has fostered a close defense and security alliance with the United States and has maintained ties to a wide range of actors who are often at odds with each other, including Sunni Islamists, Iran and Iran-backed groups, and Israeli officials. Qatar’s support for regional Muslim Brotherhood organizations and its Al Jazeera media network have contributed to a backlash against Qatar led by fellow GCC states Saudi Arabia and the UAE. In June 2017, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Bahrain, joined by Egypt and a few other governments, severed relations with Qatar and imposed limits on the entry and transit of Qatari nationals and vessels in their territories, waters, and airspace. The Trump Administration sought a resolution of the dispute, in part because the rift was hindering U.S. efforts to formalize a “Middle East Strategic Alliance” of the United States, the GCC, and other Sunni-led countries in the region to counter Iran. Qatar has countered the Saudi-led pressure with new arms purchases and deepening relations with Turkey and Iran. -
Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S
Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Updated March 11, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44533 SUMMARY R44533 Qatar: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy March 11, 2020 The State of Qatar has employed its ample financial resources to exert regional influence often independent of the other members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Kenneth Katzman Qatar, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, and Oman), an alliance of six Gulf monarchies. Specialist in Middle While fostering a close defense and security alliance with the United States, Qatar has intervened Eastern Affairs in several regional conflicts and has maintained ties to a wide range of actors who are often at odds with each other, including Sunni Islamists, Iran and Iran-backed groups, and Israeli officials. Qatar has maintained consistent dialogue with Iran, but the country also hosts U.S. forces that are attempting to deter Iran and conducting combat against major regional terrorist organizations such as the Islamic State. Qatar’s support for regional Muslim Brotherhood organizations and its Al Jazeera media network have contributed to a backlash against Qatar led by fellow GCC states Saudi Arabia and the UAE. In June 2017, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Bahrain, joined by Egypt and a few other governments, severed relations with Qatar and imposed limits on the entry and transit of Qatari nationals and vessels in their territories, waters, and airspace. The Trump Administration has sought a resolution of the dispute, in part because the rift is hindering U.S. efforts to formalize a “Middle East Strategic Alliance” of the United States, the GCC, and other Sunni-led countries in the region to counter Iran. -
This Thesis Is Submitted to the University of Wales in Fulfilment of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
BAHRAIN SINCE THE PROPHET'S TIME TO THE ABBASID PERIOD HAYA AL - NAIMI THIS THESIS IS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF WALES IN FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY. 1998 LIST OF CONTENTS Declaration List of Contents ii Acknowledgements v Abstract vi Map vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Preamble 1 1.2 The Problem of the Research 3 1.3 Evaluation of Sources 4 1.4 Methodology and Structure of Thesis 10 CHAPTER TWO: DELIMITING BAHRAIN 2.1 Delimiting Bahrain 14 2.2 The Towns of Bahrain 25 2.3 The Bahrain Villages 43 2.4 The Important towns of Bahrain 47 CHAPTER THREE: BAHRAIN DURING THE LIFETIME OF THE PROPHET 3 Deputation Al Ala Bin Al Hadrami to Bahrain 50 .1 of 3 Deputation Abdul Qais to Madian. 54 .2 of 3 The Second Delegation 59 .3 3.4 Bahrain's Administration 60 3 Islamic Administration in the first year of Hijra 65 .5 3 Bahrain Participates in the wars against the Apostates 69 .6 3. 7 The system of rule and Administration 74 3. 8 Al Imam in Bahrain 80 3. 9 The Distinguished Companion Al Ala Al Hadhrami 82 3. 10 Tribute to be Paid by Bahrain 84 3. 11 Defence and War systems 84 3. 12 The Judicial System 88 3. 13 The Police 90 3. 14 Invasion of Fars from Bahrain 91 3. 15 300 Horsemen participated in the Battle of Basra 93 and Siffin. 3. 16 The Personality of the Governor of Bahrain during 94 Omar Ibn Al Khattab the Tenure of . -
The Iraq Effect: the Middle East After the Iraq War
THE ARTS This PDF document was made available CHILD POLICY from www.rand.org as a public service of CIVIL JUSTICE the RAND Corporation. EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Jump down to document6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit NATIONAL SECURITY research organization providing POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY objective analysis and effective SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY solutions that address the challenges SUBSTANCE ABUSE facing the public and private sectors TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY around the world. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Support RAND WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE Purchase this document Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore RAND Project AIR FORCE View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. THE IRAQ EFFECT The Middle East After the Iraq War Frederic Wehrey Dalia Dassa Kaye Jessica Watkins Jeffrey Martini Robert A. -
Diriyah Narrated by Its Built Environment: the Story of the First Saudi State (1744-1818)
Diriyah Narrated by Its Built Environment: The Story of the First Saudi State (1744-1818) By Nawaf Bin Ayyaf Almogren Bachelor of Architecture King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia May 2016 Submitted to the Department of Architecture in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Architecture Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology May 2020 © 2020 Nawaf Bin Ayyaf Almogren. All rights reserved The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature of Author: ________________________________________________________________ Department of Architecture May 8th, 2020 Certified by: _______________________________________________________________________ Nasser Rabbat Professor and Director of the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture Thesis Supervisor Accepted by: ______________________________________________________________________ Leslie K. Norford Professor of Building Technology Chair, Department Committee on Graduate Students 1 Thesis Supervisor Nasser Rabbat, PhD Aga Khan Professor of Islamic Architecture and readers Timothy Hyde, PhD Professor of the History and Theory of Architecture Abdullah Al-Mutawa, PhD Professor of Modern History 2 Diriyah Narrated by Its Built Environment: The Story of the First Saudi State (1744-1818) By Nawaf Bin Ayyaf Almogren Submitted to the Department of Architecture on May, 28, 2020 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Architecture Studies, AKPIA Abstract: Diriyah is a parched settlement in the arid deserts of Central Arabia. It went, very swiftly, from not differing much compared to its local sphere, to assuming the role of a beacon capital which controlled Arabia almost in its entirety.