Technical Report and Resource Estimate on the Harvey-Tuttle Property Québec, Canada
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TECHNICAL REPORT AND RESOURCE ESTIMATE ON THE HARVEY-TUTTLE PROPERTY QUÉBEC, CANADA Latitude 52°32'30"N and Longitude 67°40'30"W FOR CHAMPION MINERALS INC. By P&E Mining Consultants Inc. NI-43-101 & 43-101F1 TECHNICAL REPORT Kirstine Malloch, MAusIMM Tracy Armstrong, P. Geo. Eugene Puritch, P. Eng. Effective Date: February 25, 2011 Signing Date: April 13, 2011 IMPORTANT NOTICE This report was prepared as a National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report, in accordance with Form 43-101F1, for Champion Minerals Inc. (“Champion”) by P&E Mining Consultants Inc. (“P&E”). The quality of information, conclusions and estimates contained herein is consistent with the level of effort involved in the consulting services and based on: i) information available at the time of preparation, ii) data supplied by outside sources, and iii) the assumptions, conditions, and qualifications set forth in this report. This report is intended to be used by Champion subject to the terms and conditions of its contract with P&E. This contract permits Champion to file this report as a Technical Report with Canadian Securities Regulatory Authorities pursuant to National Instrument 43-101, Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects. Any other use of this report by any third party is at that party’s sole risk. TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY..................................................................................................................................... i 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 SITE VISITS ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 UNITS AND CURRENCY ............................................................................................... 2 1.4 SOURCES OF INFORMATION ..................................................................................... 2 1.5 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ................................................................................................. 2 2.0 RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS .............................................................................. 5 3.0 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION .......................................................... 6 3.1 LOCATION ....................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 FERMONT IRON PROPERTIES AGREEMENT ....................................................... 8 3.3 PROPERTY TENURE ..................................................................................................... 9 3.4 THE QUÉBEC MINING ACT AND CLAIMS ............................................................ 14 3.5 SURFACE RIGHTS AND PERMITS........................................................................... 15 3.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................. 16 4.0 ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY .......................................................... 17 4.1 ACCESSIBILITY ........................................................................................................... 17 4.2 CLIMATE ........................................................................................................................ 17 4.3 LOCAL RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................... 19 4.4 PHYSIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................... 19 5.0 HISTORY ........................................................................................................................ 20 5.1 REGIONAL HISTORIC EXPLORATION ................................................................. 20 5.2 HARVEY-TUTTLE AREA EXPLORATION ............................................................. 20 6.0 GEOLOGICAL SETTING ............................................................................................ 22 6.1 REGIONAL GEOLOGY ............................................................................................... 22 6.2 FERMONT IRON ORE DISTRICT (FIOD) GEOLOGY .......................................... 25 6.2.1 STRATIGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 27 6.2.1.1 KNOB LAKE GROUP ................................................................... 27 6.2.1.2 SHABOGAMO INTRUSIVE SUITE ........................................... 29 6.3 HARVEY-TUTTLE PROPERTY GEOLOGY ........................................................... 30 6.4 REGIONAL STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY ................................................................... 32 6.4.1 HARVEY-TUTTLE STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY ....................................... 32 7.0 DEPOSIT TYPES ........................................................................................................... 33 7.1 IRON FORMATIONS .................................................................................................... 33 7.1.1 LAKE SUPERIOR-TYPE IRON FORMATIONS ....................................... 34 8.0 MINERALIZATION ...................................................................................................... 35 8.1 FIOD MINERALIZATION ........................................................................................... 35 8.2 HARVEY-TUTTLE PROPERTY MINERALIZATION ........................................... 36 9.0 EXPLORATION ............................................................................................................. 37 9.1 2008 EXPLORATION PROGRAM .............................................................................. 37 9.2 2010 EXPLORATION PROGRAM .............................................................................. 37 10.0 DRILLING ....................................................................................................................... 39 11.0 SAMPLING METHOD AND APPROACH ................................................................. 44 11.1 CORE HANDLING, LOGGING AND SAMPLING .................................................. 44 12.0 SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSES AND SECURITY ..................................... 45 12.1 SAMPLE PREPARATION AND ASSAYING ............................................................ 45 13.0 DATA VERIFICATION................................................................................................. 46 13.1 SITE VISIT AND INDEPENDENT SAMPLING ....................................................... 46 13.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY CONTROL ...................................................... 47 13.2.1 PERFORMANCE OF CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIALS ............ 47 13.2.2 BLANKS ............................................................................................................ 47 13.2.3 DUPLICATES ................................................................................................... 48 14.0 ADJACENT PROPERTIES .......................................................................................... 49 15.0 MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING ........................... 50 16.0 MINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES ...................... 51 16.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 51 16.2 RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS ............................................................................ 51 16.3 DATA VALIDATION..................................................................................................... 51 16.4 HARVEY-TUTTLE 2011 RESOURCE ESTIMATE .................................................. 52 16.4.1 GEOLOGICAL MODEL ................................................................................ 52 16.4.2 ROCK TYPES, ROCK CODES AND BULK DENSITIES ......................... 53 16.4.3 ASSAY STATISTICS ....................................................................................... 53 16.4.4 COMPOSITES .................................................................................................. 55 16.4.5 VARIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................. 57 16.4.6 GRADE CAPPING ........................................................................................... 57 16.4.7 MODEL GRADE ESTIMATION PARAMETERS ...................................... 58 16.4.8 BLOCK MODELING ...................................................................................... 58 16.4.9 GRADE ESTIMATION ................................................................................... 61 16.4.10 HARVEY-TUTTLE MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE ........................ 61 16.4.11 MODEL VALIDATION .................................................................................. 61 17.0 OTHER RELEVANT DATA AND INFORMATION ................................................ 64 18.0 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS .............................................................. 65 19.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................ 68 20.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................ 70 21.0 CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................................. 73 APPENDIX