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Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador AD ...;; "" . .. l · ·~·· / . •, \ : 'I I; .... .;.~ \ 'f' Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador Editor in Chief Joseph R. S111llllwood P.C. , D.C .L. , LL.D., D . Litt. Managing Editor Robert D. W Pitt H.A.,M.A. Volume One NEWFOUNDLAND BOOK PUBLISHERS (1967) LIMITED @Newfoundland Book Publishers (I 967) Limited First Edition 1981 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador Contents: v.l. A-E. ISBN 0-920508-13-8 (set). -ISBN 0-920508-14-6 (v.1) 1. Newfoundland- Dictionaries and encyclopedias. 2. Labrador- Dictionaries and encyclopedias. I. Smallwood, Joseph R., 1900- II. Pitt, Robert D.W. 1953- FC2154.E52 971.8'003'21 C81-095040-5 F1121.4.E52 Front Endpapers: Giacamo GastaJdi Map, originally engraved from a single wood block that was destroyed by fire in 1557. The map shown was later re-engraved on copper with minor changes from the woodcut. Back Endpapers: J.N. Bellin Map, originally published in 1745, was the official French version of the outline of Newfoundland at that time. Published by Newfoundland Book Publishers (1967) Limited St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada Cover and Text design by Vivant Studio Limited (Sheila Cotton) Rose Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada The Economy design by Wayne C. Stockwood and David Tuck St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada Production co-ordination by B. Dale Russell FitzPatrick St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada Typesetting by General Printers Division of Consolidated Graphics Limited Oshawa, Ontario, Canada Typesetting (The Economy) by Collins Graphics Services Limited St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada Printed and bound by John Deyell Company Lindsay, Ontario, Canada All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Every reasonable effort has been made to trace ownership of copyright material. Information will be welcomed which will enable the publisher to correct any reference in future printings. Research /Writers Christine M. Bown, B.A., B.Ed. Diane P. Janes, B.A. T. Valdine Ciwko, B.A. Eugene P. Kennedy, B.A., M.A. J. Ralph Dale, B.A., B.A.(Ed.), M.A., M.L.S. Genevieve Lehr Ellen M. Dinn, B.A. Dermod C. Madden, B.A., B.Ed. Ettie L. Gordon Murray, B.A., B.Ed. Linda A. Parsons, B.A. Patricia A. Greene Janet E. Miller Pitt, B.A.(Hons.) Josephine C. Harvey Bertram G. Riggs, B.A.(Hons.), B.Ed. Pamela M. Hodgson, B.A. Malcolm H. Rowe, B.A., B.Sc., LL.B. Catherine F. Horan, B.A. Wayne C. Stockwood, B.A. Contributors Rev. J.S.S. Armour Dr. Harold Paddock, B.A.(Ed.), B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Lois Brown, B.A., B.Ed. John Parsons, B.A.(Ed.), B.A., Grad. Dip. Ed., Dip. Rel. Ed. Jeff Budden Boyd G. Penney, B.Sc., M.Sc. Dr. J.E. Carscadden, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. Rae Perlin Gordon A. Francis, B.A., B.Ed. Dr. David G. Pitt, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Dr. Michael C. Hampson, Dip.Ed., B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. Marion Pitt, B.A. Dr. John Hewson, B.A., MesA., D. de L'U. Ray Simmons James L. Miller, B.A., M.A. Dr. Gerald Thomas, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. Ray Morris, B.S.A., M.Sc. Dr. James A. Tuck, A.B., Ph.D. Hon. Fabian O'Dea, Q.C. Bride Whiffen v Consultants Beaton J. Abbott Percy Barrett W .C. Brown Hubert Chambers Carl Abbott Leo D . Barry John Browne Marilyn Chambers Edward Carl Abbott Donald C. Barter Norah Browne H.W.R . Chancey Patricia Abbott Ted Bartlett Peter Browne Margaret Chang C.A.S. Abernathy Rowena Bartlett W.J. Browne E. Channing Angus Adams Rupert Bartlett G.M . Brownrigg James G . Channing C.J. Abraham Mrs. M.G. Basha Pat Brownrigg Sadie Channing William G . Adams Lois Batement Clara Buckle Larry Cheeseman Earl Aker H.M. Batten Mary Buckley Muriel Chislett Alcoholics Anonymous David Bazeley Len Bungay Rodney Chubbs Frederick A . Aldrich Donald Belbin Jack Burghardt Baxter Clarke Ward Allen Charles R . Bell Mrs. C. Burke Mike Clarke Wanda Allix Peter Bell Mrs. M.J. Burke Raymond Clarke Bernice Anderson Randolph Bell Grant F. Burnell Ralph Clemens Gerald Anderson M.F. Bellamy Stella Burry A . V. Clouston O.E.A. Anderson Trevor Bennett Fred Bursell Ian Clouston O.H. Anderson Vera Bennett Ray Bursell Frank Cluett Olga Anderson W .S. Bennett A.A. Bursey Francis A . Coady D.W. Andrews Daphne Benson C.W . Bursey Larry Coady Harold Andreas David L. Benson Jim Bursey Joyce lone Coldwell Ralph Andrews Gerald E. Benson Ray Bursey Thomas Collington Phylis Angel Roy Benson David Burton Henry Collingwood Edgar Anstey T. Berman Derek Bussey John F. Collins Sheila Anstey A.F. Berry Edward Butler Lawrence Collins Rex Anthony C.M. Blackwood Gordon Butler Brendon Condon Jose Arambarri Emerson Blackwood Joseph V . Butler R .J. Condon Harold Arbo William Bolt Mark Butler W .J. Connors Lloyd Archibald Sister Bonaventure Michael Butler R. Conrad Edmund Amott Edsell Bonnell Neville Butler C.H. Conroy Ernest Ash Lillian Bouzane A.B. Butt D.F. Cook Kenneth Ash Paul Boundridge D.R. Butt Don Cook Mabel Atwill Bruce Bowden Derek Butt Lloyd Cook Ralph Atwill Addison Bown George Butt Mrs. D.L. Cooper Ruby Atwill Charles G. Bown John W. Butt R. Corbett James Austin David Bown W. John Butt John Courage William L. Aylward Joan Bown Clara Byrne David Courtney Anthony Green Ayre Mary Perpetua Bown James Byrne Robert Cousins J Blaikie R. Ayre Allan Boyd William Cabot Mona Cram Carlotta Ayre Eric Boyd M. Caddigan Bessie Crewe J.H.M. Ayre Samuel Brace Tom Cahill Ronda Crocker Randell R. Babb Bill Bradley Eric Callahan M . Loretto Croke Ida Babstock W.H. Brake William R. Callahan A.H. Crosbie Eric Baggs Robert Brannan Alvin Campbell George Crosbie Yashdip Bains Agustus Brennan Nigel Campbell Gertrude Crosbie David Baird Brewers Association Canadian National Marine John C. Crosbie George Baker of Newfoundland Patrick J. Canning Kenneth Cumew William J. Baker C. Brinston A.M. Cantwell Emma Curtis George Ball Jr. Helen Brothers Angela Cantwell Elizabeth Dalton Clyde Banfield Chris Brookes Anne Carew Allison Dancey Cyril Banikhin L. P. Brookes Stan Carew William S. Darrigan Job K. Barbour A. Brown W.J. Carew Baxter Davis Wilfred Barbour Archibald Brown Geoffrey C. Carnell D.J. Davis Christopher Barlow Baxter Brown William J. Carroll David Davis Jacqueline Barlow Cassie Brown Jim Carscadden Gerald Davis Charles Barnes Fred Brown Laurie Cashin Jennifer Davis John C. Barnes Gertude Brown Richard Cashin Murray B . Davis A. W. Barrettt Harry Brown Barbara Chalker Josephine Davis C .P. Barrett Jean Brown Susan M. Chalker Walter Davis vi William Davis Ann Fagan ;;4! Joan Harnett Catherine Kelly Bob Dawe Betty Fellon Elmer Harris Charles Kelly C.E. Dawe A . Feltham Roy Hart Joseph Kelly D .W. Dawe R. Fifield Otto Harvey Michael Kelly Eric N. Dawe Jim Finch Dan Harwook Joe Kennedy H .M . Dawe B.R. FitzGerald A . Hawco Mark Kennedy Mrs. H.M. Dawe Brenda FitzGerald M. Paula Hayes P .J. Kennedy Harold A. Dawe Joe FitzPatrick Haynes Gail Kenny Marilyn Dawe Leinus FitzPatrick Roy Hayward Pat Kenny R .G . Dawe Helena Fizzard Eric Healey Theresa Kereran Randy Dawe John Fleming Michael Healey Kenneth Kerr Tom Dawe J.D. Folinsbee Jim Hearn A.E. Kewley W. Gordon Dawe Frank Follett A.B. Hefferton A.G. Kiekland WilfDawe Judy Foote Paul Hendrickson E.G. King Lloyd Decker Robert Freeman Jo Heringa Harold C. King Jerome Delaney Woodrow French John Hewson Miriam King Brian Dempoon Wallace Furlong Laura Hickey Rita King Randy Devine J.I. Gale E .L. Hickman Stanley King Sheliegh Devine Frank Galgay C.M. Hicks Judy Knee H. Dewey Dennis Galway Jr. Geri Hill Valerie Kolonel Clarence Dewling Ian Gaul J.K. Hiller Ursula Kroll Victoria Dickenson Robin Gedalof Bert Hines Shirley Laite Mrs. Stanley Dicks Mark Genge Philip Hiscock H .A. Lake Vera Dicks L.F. Gettle Calvin Hobbs Linda Lane Pauline Dillon Rex Gibbons Walter Hobbs Maxine Lane Molly Dingle Burnham Gill Brother Holden Norman Lane Fran Dinn Hazel Gillespie Donald Hollett Pius Lavers Jerome Dinn Richard W. Gillespie Mrs. Vernon Hollett M .F. Lawlor William C. Doody Ester Gillingham William Holwell George Lawrence Robert Dooling Kayla Glynn Kim Hong Joseph Lawrence Claude Doucet Gauis Goff Miriam Hong Leonard Lee W.A.D. Douglas Edyth Goodridge D. Hopkins Kevin Legrow Marie Dowden Peter Goodridge Edgar House Syliva LeGrow Thomas M. Doyle Roy Goodwin D.E. Howley Tasker Legrow WilfDoyle Cyril Goodyear Anthony Hunt Wilson Legrow George Draskoy Wilma M.J. Goodyear E. Hunt Robert LeMessurier Clement Drover Harold Gosse Fred Hunt F. Lester Lenzie Drover Hilda Gould Edwin Hussey Peter Lester Mrs. Gordon Duff Maude Goulding John Hutton D. Lidstone Shannie Duff Donald Graham Bill Hynd Jon Lien Hollis Duffett Frank Graham Beulah J. Inkpen Fran Locke Lois Duffy John Green Douglas Inkster Dorothy Louis Albert Dunphy Deridre Greene Gail Innes Donald S. Luther Elizabeth Dunphy Pat Greene Institute of Chartered Shirley Lynch Raymond Dunphy R.J. Greene Accountants Mrs. W .A. MacCallam Allan Dyson G.M. Greenslade Barry Isaacs Jim MacDonald Alton Arthur Salter Earle John Greer Stirling James Doug MacKay George H. Earle John K. Greer Alice Janes Roger MacKay Frederick Earle David Grenville Jack Janes Robert F. MacLeod H.R.V. Earle Jerry Gulliver Jack Jardin Gary MacPhearson Ena Edwards Clyde Guy David Jeans Olan Macpherson Stephanie Edwards Dawn Haines Brian Johnson Walter MacPherson Walter Elliott Robert Halfyard Helen Jones Sadie Mahoney Daisy Elms Robert M.
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