DOCSLIB.ORG

Gender and Leadership in Animal Sheltering Organizations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gender and Leadership in Animal Sheltering Organizations University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2018 Gender and leadership in animal sheltering organizations. Jennifer Blevins Sinski University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Gender and Sexuality Commons Recommended Citation Sinski, Jennifer Blevins, "Gender and leadership in animal sheltering organizations." (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2969. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2969 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GENDER AND LEADERSHIP IN ANIMAL SHELTERING ORGANIZATIONS By Jennifer Blevins Sinski B.A., Bellarmine University 2000 M.A.T., Bellarmine University, 2002 M.A. Murray State University, 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Sociology Department of Sociology University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky May 2018 Copyright 2018 by Jennifer Blevins Sinski All rights reserved GENDER AND LEADERSHIP IN ANIMAL SHELTERING ORGANIZATIONS By Jennifer Blevins Sinski B.A., Bellarmine University 2000 M.A.T., Bellarmine University, 2002 M.A. Murray State University, 2010 A Dissertation Approved on 4/9/18 By the following Dissertation Committee __________________________________ Dissertation Director Dr. Cynthia Negrey ____________________________________ Dr. Patricia Gagne __________________________________ Dr. David Roelfs ___________________________________ Dr. Robert Carini ___________________________________ Dr. Nancy Theriot ii DEDICATION This Dissertation is dedicated to my Husband Dr. Joseph Sinski And my Daughter Brittany Marie Williams And my furry family members – Chloe, Cuddles, Tribbles & Yoshi iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my Committee Chair, Dr. Cynthia Negrey for her infinite patience throughout this long process. I also thank my committee members, Dr. Patricia Gagne, Dr. David Roelfs, Dr. Robert M. Carini, and Dr. Nancy Theriot for their support throughout the project. Last, but not least by far, I would like to thank my family for cheering me on and encouraging me to continue. iv ABSTRACT GENDER AND LEADERSHIP IN ANIMAL SHELTERING ORGANIZATIONS Jennifer Blevins Sinski 4/9/2018 This study explores the connection between gender, leadership and implementation of best practice strategies to reduce or eliminate euthanasia of healthy, adoptable companion animals in animal sheltering organizations. The purpose of this mixed methods study utilizing an online survey and in-depth interviews is to explore the impact of gender and animal sheltering leadership on organizational policies, as well as workers’, and volunteers’ attitudes toward reducing euthanasia in sheltering organizations. It is anticipated that the knowledge generated from this research will provide new insights into animal sheltering policies and procedures and inform sheltering organizations about the connection between gendered leadership in animal sheltering organizations and euthanasia rates. In the United States we are experiencing a paradigm shift regarding animals in society culturally, scientifically and relationally. Attitudes toward animals are changing from animal as object to animal as subject. This paradigm shift converges center stage with the problem of pet overpopulation in the United States and the use of euthanasia to address that problem The findings for this dissertation are divided into three chapters, four through six. Chapter four focuses on identity issues via the ethic of care and ethic of justice v framework. Chapter five focuses on altruistic leadership, organizational learning and the impact that leadership has on the sheltering organization. Chapter six combines identity, leadership and organizational issues to examine the impact on the sheltering organization and policies. The final chapter, seven, provides analysis of the previous three chapters and the closing of the dissertation. While qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews found support for difference between gender use of ethic of care and ethic of justice, quantitative significance was not found between gender and the two scores of care and justice. A significant difference was found on ethic of care scores between former and current employees, with former employees having significantly lower ethic of care scores. Women held higher scores on a measure of altruistic leadership and several areas of organizational learning. Female leaders also have a significantly lower rate of canine euthanasia rates within the organization. A regression analysis finds that leader gender, altruistic leadership score, private organizations, fostering, and transporting significantly predict rates of canine euthanasia in sheltering organizations. Finally, leaders, workers and volunteers in sheltering organizations are strongly impacted by their work. Case studies of both a toxic environment where change was not successful and a supportive environment where change was successfully made to reduce or remove euthanasia of healthy, adoptable companion animals highlights the centrality of the work to meaning of identity for individuals. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................v ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................vii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION .............................................................1 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................12 CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY .......................................................67 CHAPTER FOUR IDENTITY ISSUES ........................................................74 CHAPTER FIVE ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES ........................................101 CHAPTER SIX IDENTITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES .............128 CHAPTER SEVEN ANALYSIS ...................................................................163 REFERENCES ..............................................................................................209 APPENDICES ...............................................................................................231 CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................267 vii LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1. Ethic of Justice and Care by Gender .........................................................76 2. Ethic of Justice and Care by Currently and Formerly Employed ............80 3. Crosstabulation of Gender and Animals as Central to your Identity .................83 4. Attitudes about Animal Issues by Gender ................................................85 5. Analysis Organizational Learning Scores by Altruism ............................105 6. Altruistic Leadership Score, Organization Learning Capacity Score Differences by gender ...............................................................................107 7. Crosstabulation of Leader Gender and Collaborations .............................116 8. Altruistic Leadership Scores by Organizational Type ..............................121 9. High/Low Altruism score and Leader Gender on Canine Euthanasia ......130 10. Multiple Regression Analysis .................................................................147 viii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION This study explores the connection between gender, leadership and implementation of best practice strategies to reduce or eliminate euthanasia of healthy, adoptable companion animals in animal sheltering organizations. The purpose of this mixed methods study utilizing an online survey and in-depth interviews is to explore the impact of gender and animal sheltering leadership on organizational policies, as well as workers’, and volunteers’ attitudes toward reducing euthanasia in sheltering organizations. It is anticipated that the knowledge generated from this research will provide new insights into animal sheltering policies and procedures and inform sheltering organizations about the connection between gendered leadership in animal sheltering organizations and euthanasia rates. This research employed both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to illustrate the phenomena under examination. The participants of this study included self-selected survey respondents and volunteers for in- depth interviews chosen for analysis by their organizational position and type. Interviews were conducted with current and former shelter leaders, current and former shelter workers, current and former shelter volunteers. This chapter begins with an overview of the context and background that frames the study. Following this is the problem statement, the statement of purpose, and accompanying research questions. Also included in this chapter is a discussion regarding research approach, researcher’s perspective and researcher’s assumptions. The chapter 1 concludes with a discussion of the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A History of Animal Welfare
    1/6/2012 ASPCApro.org presents A History of Animal Welfare Stephen Zawistowski, PhD, CAAB Science Advisor ASPCA Biblical Comments You shall not muzzle the ox while he is threshing. Deuteronomy 5:4 And He said to them, “Which one of you will have a son or an ox fall into a well, and will not immediately pull him out on a Sabbath day?” Luke 14:5 1 1/6/2012 No man shall exercise any Tirrany or Crueltie towards any bruite Creature which are usallie kept for mans use. The Body of Liberties Masschusetts Bay Colonie, 1641 He who is cruel to animals becomes hard also in his dealings with men. We can judge the heart of a man by his treatment of animals. Immanuel Kant 1724‐1804 2 1/6/2012 Great Chain of Being Scala Naturae • Aristotle (384‐322 BC) • Augustine (345‐430) • Thomas Aquinas (1225‐1274) • Rene Descartes (1596‐1650) William Hogarth Four Stages of Cruelty (1751) 3 1/6/2012 William Hogarth Four Stages of Cruelty (1751) Formal Animal Protection • 1822 –Ill Treatment of Cattle Bill – Richard Martin of Galway • 1824 – formation of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) – Martin, William Wilberforce & Rev. Arthur Broome 4 1/6/2012 Evolutionary Thinking Victorian England was greatly concerned with issues of pain and suffering in medicine and efforts were being made to reduce the pain inflicted on patients. Concerns coincided with advances in anesthesia. Evolutionary Thinking Darwin’s theory of evolution built the bridge tha t lin ke d humans and other animals in their capacity to feel pain, and to suffer.
    [Show full text]
  • Doggie in the Win- Dow” Singer Hopes to Sing The
    November/December 2008 3/22/13 9:17 PM Page 1 “Doggie in the win- dow” singer hopes to sing the WASHINGTON D.C.– – “At the time,” in 1952, “‘Doggie in the Window’ seemed like a sweet and harmless message,” recalls singer Patti Page. Selling more than a million (Kim Bartlett) BLM mustangs at Pyramid Lake, Nevada. (Kim Bartlett) copies in five months, the song became Window” for a children’s album, early in Page’s fourth recording to top the charts in the “Baby Boom” that doubled the U.S. five years––and became the unofficial human population and brought a trebling of anthem of the pet industry. Pickens bids to save wild the pet population within a generation of Opening with the question “How R E N O ––Just as the Bureau of Land Boone Pickens, made known her intentions to the end of World War II. By the time the much is that doggie in the window? I do Management seemed poised to kill 2,000 adopt not just the doomed wild horses but most “Baby Boom” children began raising fami- hope that doggie is for sale,” the song healthy mustangs, due to lack of adoptive or all of the 30,000 horses and burros kept in lies and acquiring pets of their own, the helped to popularize the concept of pur- homes, Madeleine Pickens “arrived on a white federal holding pens,” reported Layton. U.S. street dog population had been eradi- chasing commercially bred puppies from horse,” as Washington Post staff writer “Lifelong animal lovers, the Pickenses just a cated by the combination of improved sani- pet stores, at a time when the overwhelm- Lyndsey Layton put it.
    [Show full text]
  • Anglo-American Blood Sports, 1776-1889: a Study of Changing Morals
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1974 Anglo-American blood sports, 1776-1889: a study of changing morals. Jack William Berryman University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Berryman, Jack William, "Anglo-American blood sports, 1776-1889: a study of changing morals." (1974). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 1326. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1326 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANGLO-AMERICAN BLOOD SPORTS, I776-I8891 A STUDY OF CHANGING MORALS A Thesis Presented By Jack William Berryman Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS April, 197^ Department of History » ii ANGLO-AMERICAN BLOOD SPORTS, 1776-1889 A STUDY OF CHANGING MORALS A Thesis By Jack V/illiam Berryman Approved as to style and content by« Professor Robert McNeal (Head of Department) Professor Leonard Richards (Member) ^ Professor Paul Boyer (I'/iember) Professor Mario DePillis (Chairman) April, 197^ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Upon concluding the following thesis, the many im- portant contributions of individuals other than myself loomed large in my mind. Without the assistance of others the project would never have been completed, I am greatly indebted to Professor Guy Lewis of the Department of Physical Education at the University of Massachusetts who first aroused my interest in studying sport history and continued to motivate me to seek the an- swers why.
    [Show full text]
  • Wrenn Colostate 0053A 13455.Pdf
    DISSERTATION PROFESSIONALIZATION, FACTIONALISM, AND SOCIAL MOVEMENT SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY ON NONHUMAN ANIMAL RIGHTS MOBILIZATION Submitted by Corey Lee Wrenn Department of Sociology In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Spring 2016 Doctoral Committee: Advisor: Michael Carolan Lynn Hempel Michael Lacy Marcela Velasco Copyright by Corey Lee Wrenn 2016 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT PROFESSIONALIZATION, FACTIONALISM, AND SOCIAL MOVEMENT SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY ON NONHUMAN ANIMAL RIGHTS MOBILIZATION This project explores the intra-movement interactions between professionalized and radical factions in the social movement arena using a content analysis of movement literature produced by the Nonhuman Animal rights movement between 1980 and 2013. Professionalized factions with greater symbolic capital are positioned to monopolize claimsmaking, disempower competing factions, and replicate their privilege and legitimacy. Radical factions, argued to be important variables in a movement’s health, are thus marginalized, potentially to the detriment of movement success and the constituency for whom they advocate. Specifically, this study explores the role of professionalization in manipulating the tactics and goals of social movement organizations and how the impacts of professionalization may be aggravating factional boundaries. Boundary maintenance may prevent critical discourse within the movement, and it may also provoke the “mining” of radical claimsmaking for symbols that have begun to resonate within the movement and the public. Analysis demonstrates a number of important consequences to professionalization that appear to influence the direction of factional disputes, and ultimately, the shape of the movement. Results indicate some degree of factional fluidity, but professionalization does appear to be a dominant force on movement trajectories by concentrating power in the social change space.
    [Show full text]
  • A Municipal Tail
    A Municipal Tail: The Rise of Animal Control in Los Angeles, 1880-1909 Sean McCaskill Hist 674 Professor Devine 11/18/2020 McCaskill 1 Traditionally, scholars have portrayed the Gilded Age state as being starkly different from that of the Progressive Era. Historian Susan J. Pearson argues that while the Gilded Age has typically been understood as the peak of the laissez-faire policy, only during the Progressive Era did reformers realize that state power was the only force capable of protecting society through regulation. Nevertheless, Pearson believes that the transition from the Gilded Age’s deficit of state power to the Progressive Era’s strong federal presence is more nuanced. “These conceptual blinders,” she argues, “prevent scholars from detecting the tremendous range and depth of governmental activity throughout United States history, much of it occurring at the local and state level.” By directing our attention away from the federal state to local governance, a Gilded Age “state-building fluorescent” is illuminated that reveals how the Progressive state was formed.i The emergence of animal control in America’s cities at the end of the nineteenth-century supports Pearson’s argument. Changes in public perspectives of animal welfare combined with pressure from reform organizations to act as the impetus for modern systems of municipal animal control. The contemporary animal welfare movement in America was rooted in spiritual and philosophical currents that preceded it by centuries. These facets were shaped by epochal-changing events such as the Civil War and industrialization. They culminated in the Gilded Age, when private individuals formed reform groups to put pressure on the state at its most local levels, highlighting how the Progressive State emerged out of the Gilded Age and not as a response to it.
    [Show full text]
  • To Huntingdon He Did Go: Inside DOGS WHO BARK in the NIGHT the World’S Most Controversial Lab (PAGE 16)
    To Huntingdon he did go: inside DOGS WHO BARK IN THE NIGHT the world’s most controversial lab (PAGE 16) CAMBRIDGESHIRE, U.K.––Few animal advo- cruelty of two technicians shown allegedly punching a beagle. the major funders of the biggest street dog rescue projects in cates have actually been inside the controversial Huntingdon Even fewer animal advocates have been inside both Turkey and Romania, were two exceptions. They spent Life Sciences complex at Alconbury, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdon since the December 1999 debut of a group called several hours inside Huntingdon recently, having wangled invi- England, a sporadic focus of antivivisection protest since 1972, Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty, whose sole mission is seek- tations through an acquaintance with well-placed contacts. and virtually besieged since the July 1997 television airing of ing to drive Huntingdon out of business. The SHAC founders “Alice and I were shown around on March 4, 2002 an undercover video which led to the firing and convictions for previously orchestrated campaigns that eventually closed the by marketing director Andrew Gaye,” Smith told A N I M A L Herefordshire beagle-breeding firm Consort Kennels and the PEOPLE. Smith described Gaye as “an excellent communica- Oxfordshire cat-breeding firm Hill Grove Farm. Both compa- tor, well versed in the pros and cons of animal research.” nies produced animals for lab use. As a business person himself, Smith inquired first Like the Huntingdon campaign, the Consort Kennels into the economic status of Huntingdon, asking almost the and Hill Grove Farms campaigns often turned violent. Former same questions at about the same time as U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography Manuscript Collections Anita Baldwin Papers, Huntington
    Bibliography Manuscript Collections Anita Baldwin Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, CA Rosalie Edge Papers, WesternCollection, Denver Public Library,Denver, CO Minnie MaddernFiske Papers, Libraryof Congress, Washington, DC Simon Flexner Papers, AmericanPhilosophical Society, Philadelphia, PA Ellen Glasgow Papers, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA W. Williams KeenPapers, CoUege of Physicians, Philadelphia, PA Frederic S. LeePapers, Archives and SpecialCollections, A. C. Long Health Sciences Library, Columbia University, New York, NY Jack London Papers, Huntington Library, SanMarino, CA Samuel McCuneLindsay Papers, Columbia University Library, New York, New York Enos Mills Papers, WesternCollection, Denver Public Library, Denver, CO S. Weir Mitchell Papers, College of Physicians, Philadelphia, PA Alice ParlePapers, Huntington Library, San Marino, CA Agnes Repplier Collection,University of Pennsylvania Library, Philadelphia, PA TheodoreRoosevelt Collection, Widener Library, Harvard University, Boston, MA F. Peyton Rous Papers, American Philosophical Society Library, Philadelphia, PA Richard Welling Papers, New York Public Library,New York, NY Organizational Archives American Anti-Vivisection Society, Jenkintown, PA AmericanSociety forthe Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, New York, NY Los Angeles Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Los Angeles, CA Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Boston, MA Pennsylvania Society forthe Prevention of Crueltyto Animals, Philadelphia, PA PeMsylvania
    [Show full text]
  • Keith Williams CCFCCCS Http:/Lwww
    As the Central Sponsor under Clark County ordinance 10.06 and Las Vegas city code 7.22 I have been heavily involved with their implementation and have closely monitored the progress of the TNR programs in these jurisdictions. The approach has been to augment the existing system for managing the cats rather than replace it. Citizens desire to trap and remove nuisance cats continues to be supported by the Animal Control departments. Those who prefer to do. TNR are supparted by tile non~profit animal welfare groups. In the 1% of cases Where there is a conflict • between the two methods, processes are in place to mediate a resolution. Based on a number of metries the program has been very successful. Thinking about all of this just a bit. Trap and kill cat eradication programs have been done for over 100 years. If they worked we would not be having this conversation. They simply has not been effective. In less that 1o years the TNR program here has shown dramatic positive results. One. reason for this is that mass murder of companion animals that most see as cute and desirable is a very hard sell. A program to help these animals with the benefit of reducing their numbers and improving tfleir and '0\tJf own lives ts a much easier set! to the vast majority of people. The state is not going to fund mass cat eradication programs. They should at least enable and encourage TNR programs that have shOwn positive results at little or no cost to the taxpayers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Legal History of the Animal Rights Movement in America
    THE LEGAL HISTORY OF THE ANIMAL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN AMERICA: OUR LEGACY By Chelsea C. Little A Project Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Education Committee Membership Gayle Olson-Raymer, Ph.D., Committee Chair Eric Van Duzer, Ph.D., Graduate Coordinator May 2015 ABSTRACT By Chelsea C. Little The Legal History of the Animal Rights Movement in America should be a part of the United States history curriculum of secondary education. The Animal Rights Movement and its legislative victories have been a part of the tapestry of American history since the Puritan settlements of the 1600s. Its inclusion can have important applications in the curriculum of high school courses, highlighting a part of American history that is largely unseen. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I dedicate this project to my son Tully. Words cannot express the gratitude I have to the universe for the blessing of allowing me to be the catalyst to bring you into this world and for being the mother honored to love and guide you. From the moment of your conception I have felt the deepest sense of contentment and fulfillment knowing that you are the very best of everything in me. Each moment with you is a blessing beyond measure. You make me immeasurably proud with your wild spirit, the genuine joy you have that brings everyone you know happiness, your inquisitive mind and your resolute sense of your own voice. You are the world to me and I cannot wait to spend the rest of my life on this journey with you, creating adventure and providing love beyond measure.
    [Show full text]
  • The Voice of Homeless Pets Oprah Visits PAWS Chicago 36 Are We Over-Vaccinating Our Pets? 38 the Ultimate Guide to Puppies & Kittens
    ������������ �������� ������������������ OPRAH The Ultimate Guide to the Voice of Puppies & Kittens Homeless Pets Are We Over-Vaccinating Our Pets? cover-letters.indd 1 5/13/08 12:58:36 PM Your Pet Friendly Community Banks Proud Supporters of PAWS Chicago When you bank with us, you’re more than a customer. You’re a family member. From our owners to our tellers, we all live, work and support the communities we serve. Our community banking family gives you and your pet, the personal attention you want and deserve. Murphy is part of our community bank family. You and your pet can be too. ������������������������� ����������������� (708) 532-8888 • allegiancecommunitybank.com (773) 254-1000 • metropolitanbank.com 8001 W. 183rd Street, Tinley Park 16700 S. Oak Park Avenue, Tinley Park 2201 W. Cermak Rd., Chicago 2235 W. Cermak Rd. (drive-up) 19806 S. Wolf Road, Mokena 3522 W. 26th St., Chicago 1947 W. 35th St., Chicago 4050 S. Archer Ave., Chicago 4800 W. 24th Pl., Cicero 6001 W. Ogden Ave., Cicero 8744 W. Ogden Ave., Lyons ����������� 601 N. Harlem Ave., Oak Park (773) 838-3000 • archerbank.com 4970 S. Archer, Chicago 4872 S. Archer (drive-up), Chicago 5821 S. Archer, Chicago 6859 W. Archer, Chicago �������������������� 6257 S. Austin, Chicago 4658 S. Kedzie, Chicago (773) 244-7000 • northcommunitybank.com 3435 W. 111th St., Chicago 8601 S. Harlem Ave., Bridgeview 1401 W. Belmont, Chicago 2758 W. Belmont, Chicago 8267 S. Roberts Rd., Bridgeview 6400 W. 79th St., Burbank 3180 N. Broadway, Chicago 3639 N. Broadway, Chicago 10659 S. Ridgeland, Chicago Ridge 3259 W. 95th St., Evergreen Park 5342 N.
    [Show full text]
  • Pets for Life a Look at the Relationship Between People and Their Companion Animals
    Pets for Life A Look at the Relationship Between People and Their Companion Animals A study and activity guide for high-school students and their teachers www.hsus.org www.humaneteen.org Pets for Life A Look at the Relationship Between People and Their Companion Animals A study and activity guide for high-school students and their teachers Table of Contents Introduction . .1 Our Animal Friends . .2 Celebrating Dogs and Cats . .6 Noble Companions . .19 The Best of the Rest . .23 Animal Shelters: A Haven in Need . .27 Companion Animals and the Law . .34 Be a Best Friend . .40 Resources . .43 Editor…………………..Jessica Vanase © 2003 NAHEE. Pets for Life is published by the National Reviewers ……………Bill DeRosa Association for Humane and Environmental Education Andrew Rowan, Ph.D. (NAHEE), youth education division of The Humane Society of Stephanie Shain the United States (HSUS), and Humane Society Press. To Lesia Winiarskyj receive additional copies (available for $5 each) or to learn Designer……………….Deborah Prater about other materials for high-school students, write to The HSUS Youth Education Division, P.O. Box 362, East Haddam, CT 06423-0362. E-mail: [email protected]. Pets for Life may also be viewed and downloaded at www.humaneteen.org. For more information on companion animals and animal pro- tection issues, write to The HSUS, 2100 L Street, NW, Wash- ington, DC 20037, or call (202) 452-1100. Visit The HSUS on the Web at www.hsus.org. For more information about The ISBN 0-941246-24-8 HSUS’s Pets for Life campaign, please visit www.petsforlife.org.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Social Media on Participation Levels, Contentious Activity, and Organizational Issues in the Animal Protection M
    The Effects of Social Media on Participation Levels, Contentious Activity, and Organizational Issues in the Animal Protection Movement Catherine Becker Rural Sociology 5500 Linda Lobao November 14, 2012 1 Introduction The animal protection movement is widely regarded to have begun with the publication of Peter Singer’s Animal Liberation in 1975. The book, which argues for extending the utilitarian concept of the “greatest good” to include animals, sold 250,000 copies by 19881 and half a million copies by the turn of the 21st century.2 The early 1980s saw the founding of several notable animal rights organizations including People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals by Ingrid Newkirk and Alex Pacheco in 1980, In Defense of Animals by Elliot Katz in 1982, the American branch of Animal Liberation Front in 1982, and Animal Legal Defense Fund by Joyce Tischler in 1984.3 At the same time, national humane organizations that had already been established began to see record growth. The Humane Society of the United States, founded in 1954, added 100,000 new members a year from 1984 to 1988, reaching half a million members by 1988.4 Today the HSUS claims to have 11 million members and supporters, 1 in every 28 Americans.5 Meanwhile, the number of groups dedicated to protecting animals has also grown. “There is no animal whose troubles do not matter to someone. Name any species and it has its defenders,” says Wayne Pacelle, president of the HSUS, who estimates there are now more than 10,000 organizations devoted to helping animals in the United States.6 The “first wave” of animal rights activism was marked by confrontational tactics such as splashing red paint on people wearing fur coats, disrupting conferences of biomedical researchers, and breaking into research labs to remove animal subjects.
    [Show full text]