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Peace Education: an Effort to Realize a Peaceful Social Life in Indonesia

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Peace Education: an Effort to Realize a Peaceful Social Life in Indonesia Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 383 2nd International Conference on Social Science (ICSS 2019) Peace Education: An Effort to Realize a Peaceful Social Life in Indonesia Julien Biringan Department of Pancasila and Civic Mardan Umar Theodorus Pangalila Education Department of Pancasila and Civic Department of Pancasila and Civic Faculty of Social Science, Manado Education Education State University Faculty of Social Science, Manado Faculty of Social Science, Manado Tondano, Indonesia State University State University [email protected] Tondano, Indonesia Tondano, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract— Peace Education is one of the efforts to realize a China and other country that have diversity are able to peaceful social life in a heterogeneous country like Indonesia. manage that diversity in a harmonious and life through This research focuses on the implementation of peace “harmony but difference, mutual appreciation and peaceful education in educational institutions especially in Manado coexistence” [3]. Korea adheres to a model of cooperation that State University (UNIMA) that have diversity in terms of refers to the principle of "spirit of dilligence, self-help, and religion, ethnicity, and culture. This study discusses how cooperation" and the motto "Let's Live Well!" [4]. efforts to foster the value of peace through learning. This The challenge of heterogeneous societies such as Indonesia research was designed using qualitative descriptive is certainly an effort to create and maintain harmony and research. The results of this study stated that peace peace, minimize conflict and conflict between groups, ethnic education in creating a harmonious life in difference is groups, groups, communities, adherents and followers of carried out through a learning process specifically related certain religions. Conflicts and clashes in Indonesian society to the internalization of the value of peace in UNIMA. The have often occurred in the past 10 to 20 years. According to source of religious values is supported by the value of local Tualeka [5], conflicts can occur because of inequality and wisdom of the people of North Sulawesi to become a force injustice in various problems. Conflict on the basis of groups, for the creation of a peaceful life. In addition, the tribes, groups and religions continues to occur and seems to be leadership policies at both the university and faculty level a latent threat that can happen at any time. Iqbal [6] mentions strongly support efforts to realize peaceful life in diversity. three trends that are often faced by multicultural societies, Keywords—peace, education, value, peaceful, local wisdom, namely: 1) suffering from the potential for chronic conflict in heterogeneous. relationships between groups; 2) conflict actors see as all out war; 3) the process of social integration occurs more through I. INTRODUCTION the domination of a group by another group. Peace is the main issue that will always occur in Peace can be mapped into four definitions, namely: 1) a heterogeneous countries. The condition of different societies is condition free from conflict namely a society that is safe, not an excuse for hostility [1], but can be a force in building a organized by norms and law; 2) mental and spiritual nation in togetherness. Indonesian society has long lived in a conditions that are free from anxiety and emotional pluralistic environment in language, social structure, religious disturbances; 3) conditions free from chaos and violence; 4) traditions and noble values adopted. According to harmony of life between individuals, namely mutual respect archaeologists, this diversity is manifested in three aspects, and harmonious life between individuals [7]. While Galtung namely, technology, social organizations and religion. [8] explained that peace means the absence of violence not Indonesia is a country where culture flows in India, China, the only personally or directly but also structurally or indirectly. Middle East and Europe. These cultures are identified from Lately, the people of Indonesia have been increasingly communities in Indonesia such as the Muslim community confronted with the threat of conflict. Therefore, there is a which is widespread throughout the archipelago with all the need for peace education efforts to create a social life that is communities on the islands of Sumatra and Java. The Hindu peaceful in diversity, respecting and respecting religious community in Bali, China in Surabaya, Semarang and other differences, still cooperating with each other in social affairs, communities in several other regions as well as Minahasa and creating peaceful national and state life in a conducive Ambon which accommodate Protestant and Catholic Christian climate. Plummer [9] states that care and love is the main key communities in Flores Nusa Tenggara. Therefore, Indonesia is in respecting and respecting others. known as a mega diversity of cultures or countries with very The efforts must be carried out in a structured, systematic large cultural differences [2]. and well-planned manner, one of which is through education. Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 682 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 383 Internalizing the value of peace in education can be done by In addition to the learning process and student activities, integrating the values of peace in learning. Namely by the values of local wisdom also strongly support the creation instilling a love for others, accept differences, respect others, of peaceful life. There are Si Tou Timou Tumo Tou, which fair, obey the rules, tolerant, cooperation, and avoiding means humans are born to humanize other humans, and conflict. slogans, people of all basudara (we are all brothers) make people love each other and love each other. II. RESEARCH METHOD This research was designed using qualitative descriptive B. Discussion research. This research focused more on the process, focus on meaning and experience and physically interact with people, An oriented attitude is the creation of a peaceful location, and institutions to observe or record behavior [10]. atmosphere such as Webel & Galtung [12] which states the This study puts the researcher as the key instrument sampling essence of peace includes freedom of conflict, safety and of data source is done by purposive and snowball [11]. Data order, norms and law, freedom from anxiety and emotional collection was conducted on students at Manado State disturbance, chaos and violence, and mutual respect and live University. Data based on students experience in learning in harmony. process. In addition, the researcher also conducted interviews to find out more about students and lecturer learning TABLE I. VALUES OF PEACE experiences. The data obtained has been analyzed qualitatively based on learning process and experiences by students in Peace Value Indicator Source of Value direct interviews. - Love for others - Holy Book (Al- - Accept differences Qur’an, Bible, etc.) III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION - Respect others - Constitution A. Results - Fair - Local Wisdom - Obey the Rules - Culture Peace Education in creating a harmonious life in difference - Tolerant - Social Norms is carried out through a learning process specifically related to - Cooperation the internalization of the value of peace in Manado State - Avoiding Conflict University (UNIMA). The source of religious values is supported by the value of local wisdom of the people of North Kartadinata [13] quotes SOSE or Studies of Society and Sulawesi to become a force for the creation of a peaceful life. Environment as a Peace Education Syllabus Model in As a religious recommendation, harmonious living and peace Australia where students are encouraged to socialize with between religious people in learning aims to: students can tolerance, tolerance, non-discrimination, respect, equality and understand the concept of inter-religious harmony and to be taught about the different views of values adopted by students can apply tolerant attitudes in heterogeneous societies others. Based on this, then to create peace the author takes in religion which are delivered by lecture, discussion and several indicators of peace that can be described, namely, question and answer methods. love, accepting differences, respecting and respecting others, In internalizing the value of peace in UNIMA supported by being fair, obedient to rules, tolerant, cooperation and student organizations activities that help instill the values of avoiding conflict. togetherness, tolerance and cooperation between students The people of North Sulawesi have local wisdom as a despite different religions. In addition, the leadership policies force for the creation of peaceful life. As an example of North at both the university and faculty levels strongly support peace Sulawesi's belief in the idea of Sam Ratulangi that is Si Tou building in UNIMA. Timou Tumo Tou, which means humans are born to humanize There are many values that describe the peace of life in other humans, and slogans, people of all basudara (we are all heterogeneous societies. In the context of UNIMA, the values brothers) make people love each other and love each other. As of internalized peace can be shown in table 1. stated by Sondakh [14], Si Tou Timou Tumou Tou has the Empirically the internalization
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