Mary White Ovington Papers
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Poor Bedfellows: How Blacks and the Communism
Poor Bedfellows: How Blacks and the Communist Party Grew Apart in the Post-War Era Jill Ferris November 30, 2007 Culture and Society in Cold War America Prof. Wall Ferris 2 The decade following the end of World War II is characterized by the building of the Cold War consensus. Virulently anti-Communist in nature, this consensus poised the nation in a moral battle against the Soviet Union. With the 1948 arrest and prosecution of eleven Communist leaders under the Smith Act, as well as well-publicized investigations conducted by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and later Senator Joseph McCarthy’s Government Operations Subcommittee on Investigations, the government fostered the development of the second “Red Scare” in the twentieth century. This decade also represents a complicated and challenging time within the historical context of the civil rights struggle. Many black veterans returned home from the war, only to find themselves shut out of veteran’s organizations like the American Legion and, in general, the post-war American dream. 1 Until 1954 when the landmark Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case was decided by the U.S. Supreme Court, the civil rights movement was marked by small battles, successes and losses. Individuals and organizations struggled to define the movement within the new era and formulate a successful strategy to bring about significant change in the treatment of blacks in America. The combination of these two environments – strong anti-communist sentiment and a factional civil rights movement – created a challenging situation for the Communist Party’s relationship to the black community. -
1 Cold War Contested Truth
Cold War Contested Truth: Informants, Surveillance, and the Disciplining of Black Radicalism, 1947-1957 Charisse Burden-Stelly, PhD Africana Studies and Political Science Carleton College [email protected] (510) 717-9000 Introduction During the height of the era of McCarthyism, roughly 1947-1957, Black radicalism was surveilled, disciplined, discredited, and criminalized through a multitude of anticommunist technologies. These included “parallelism,” red-baiting, infiltration, and guilt by association. McCarthyism was constituted by a range of legislation meant to fortify the U.S. security state against the Communist threat, starting with the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, and including the Alien Registration Act of 1940 (commonly known as the Smith Act); the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947 (often referred to as the Taft-Hartley Act); Executive Order 9835 of 1947 (the “Loyalty Order”) and its supersession by Executive Order 10450 in 1953; the Attorney General’s List of Subversive Organizations; and the Internal Security Act of 1950 (also known as the McCarran Act). It was under this legal architecture that scores of activists and scholars who defied Cold War statist pedagogy were indicted, deported, incarcerated, surveilled, and forced underground. This paper uses the examples of the the Peace Information Center (PIC) the Sojourners for Truth and Justice (STJ), and the Council on African Affairs (CAA) to elucidate that career confidential informants, “stool pigeons,” and “turncoats” were instrumental to the Cold War state apparatus’s transmogrification of Black radicals committed to anti-imperialism, anticolonialism, antiracism, peace, and the eradication of economic exploitation into criminals and subversives. Black 1 radicalism can be understood as African descendants’ multivalent and persistent praxis aimed at dismantling structures of domination that sustain racialized dispossession, exploitation, and class-based domination. -
Jan Smuts, Howard University, and African American Leandership, 1930 Robert Edgar
Ouachita Baptist University Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita Articles Faculty Publications 12-15-2016 "The oM st Patient of Animals, Next to the Ass:" Jan Smuts, Howard University, and African American Leandership, 1930 Robert Edgar Myra Ann Howser Ouachita Baptist University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/articles Part of the African History Commons, Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Edgar, Robert and Howser, Myra Ann, ""The osM t Patient of Animals, Next to the Ass:" Jan Smuts, Howard University, and African American Leandership, 1930" (2016). Articles. 87. https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/articles/87 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. It has been accepted for inclusion in Articles by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “The Most Patient of Animals, Next to the Ass:” Jan Smuts, Howard University, and African American Leadership, 1930 Abstract: Former South African Prime Minister Jan Smuts’ 1930 European and North American tour included a series of interactions with diasporic African and African American activists and intelligentsia. Among Smuts’s many remarks stands a particular speech he delivered in New York City, when he called Africans “the most patient of all animals, next to the ass.” Naturally, this and other comments touched off a firestorm of controversy surrounding Smuts, his visit, and segregationist South Africa’s laws. Utilizing news coverage, correspondence, and recollections of the trip, this article uses his visit as a lens into both African American relations with Africa and white American foundation work towards the continent and, especially, South Africa. -
Unreading Modernism: Richard Wright's Literary Journalism
59 Unreading Modernism: Richard Wright’s Literary Journalism William Dow American University of Paris, France Université Paris-Est Richard Wright’s journalism has been largely unexamined by Wright scholars. He has never been studied as a literary journalist nor placed in an African American tradition of journalism or literary journalism. And yet his journalism is infused with qualities that put him firmly in line with other African Americans who are remembered today primarily as writers of fiction, poetry, or plays but who nevertheless wrote liter- ary journalism. Like most of those writers, Wright produced a kind of African American literary journalism that has as its primary objective a change of social policy or order while it also clearly demonstrates new expressive and stylistic forms. This essay focuses on works that best re- veal Wright as a heretofore unrecognized literary journalist: 12 Million Black Voices (1940) and a selection of his exile writings: Black Power: A Record of Reactions in a Land of Pathos, (1954), The Color Cur- tain: A Report on the Bandung Conference (1956), and Pagan Spain (1957). It demonstrates the usefulness of literary journalistic forms to Wright as an African American writer and global humanitarian and also shows how Wright, while advancing his aesthetic aims, repurposed traditional journalism through what I’m calling his “transnational mod- ernism” in order to promote a political solidarity with oppressed people around the world. Literary Journalism Studies Vol. 5, No. 2, Fall 2013 60 Literary Journalism -
Everything Man Paul Robeson the Form and Function Of
EVERYTHING THE MAN FORM AND FUNCTION PAUL OF ROBESON SHANA L. REDMOND EVERYTHING MAN refiguring american music A series edited by Ronald Radano, Josh Kun, and Nina Sun Eidsheim Charles McGovern, contributing editor duke university press | durham and london | 2020 EVERYTHING MAN THE FORM AND FUNCTION OF PAUL ROBESON shana l. redmond © 2020 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper ∞ Cover designed by Drew Sisk Text designed by Matthew Tauch Typeset in Whitman by Copperline Book Services Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Redmond, Shana L., author. Title: Everything man : the form and function of Paul Robeson / Shana L. Redmond. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers:lccn 2019015468 (print) lccn 2019980198 (ebook) isbn 9781478005940 (hardcover) isbn 9781478006619 (paperback) isbn 9781478007296 (ebook) Subjects: lcsh: Robeson, Paul, 1898–1976. | Robeson, Paul, 1898–1976—Criticism and interpretation. | Robeson, Paul, 1898–1976—Political activity. | African American singers— Biography. | African American actors—Biography. Classification: lcc e185.97.r63 r436 2020 (print) | lcc e185.97.r63 (ebook) | ddc 782.0092 [b]—dc23 lc record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019015468 lc ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019980198 Cover art: Norman Lewis (1909–1979), Too Much Aspiration, 1947. Gouache, ink, graphite, and metallic paint on paper, 21¾ × 30 inches, signed. © Estate of Norman Lewis. Courtesy of Michael Rosenfeld Gallery llc, New York, NY. This book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to tome (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem)— a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries—and the generous support of Arcadia, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin, and the ucla Library. -
25 Recommended Recordings of Negro
25 Recommended Recordings of Negro Spirituals for Solo Vocalist Compiled by Randye Jones This is a sample of recordings recommended for enhancing library collections of Spirituals and, thus, is limited (with one exception) to recordings available on compact disc. This list includes a variety of voice types, time periods, interpretative styles, and accompaniment. Selections were compiled from The Spirituals Database, a resource referencing more than 450 recordings of Negro Spiritual art songs. Marian Anderson, Contralto He’s Got the Whole World in His Hands (1994) RCA Victor 09026-61960-2 CD, with piano Songs by Hall Johnson, Harry T. Burleigh, Lawrence Brown, J. Rosamond Johnson, Hamilton Forrest, Florence Price, Edward Boatner, Roland Hayes Spirituals (1999) RCA Victor Red Seal 09026-63306-2 CD, recorded between 1936 and 1952, with piano Songs by Hall Johnson, John C. Payne, Harry T. Burleigh, Lawrence Brown, Hamilton Forrest, Robert MacGimsey, Roland Hayes, Florence Price, Edward Boatner, R. Nathaniel Dett Angela Brown, Soprano Mosiac: a collection of African-American spirituals with piano and guitar (2004) Albany Records TROY721 CD, variously with piano, guitar Songs by Angela Brown, Undine Smith Moore, Moses Hogan, Evelyn Simpson- Curenton, Margaret Bonds, Florence Price, Betty Jackson King, Roland Hayes, Joseph Joubert Todd Duncan, Baritone Negro Spirituals (1952) Allegro ALG3022 LP, with piano Songs by J. Rosamond Johnson, Harry T. Burleigh, Lawrence Brown, William C. Hellman, Edward Boatner Denyce Graves, Mezzo-soprano Angels Watching Over Me (1997) NPR Classics CD 0006 CD, variously with piano, chorus, a cappella Songs by Hall Johnson, Harry T. Burleigh, Marvin Mills, Evelyn Simpson- Curenton, Shelton Becton, Roland Hayes, Robert MacGimsey Roland Hayes, Tenor Favorite Spirituals (1995) Vanguard Classics OVC 6022 CD, with piano Songs by Roland Hayes Barbara Hendricks, Soprano Give Me Jesus (1998) EMI Classics 7243 5 56788 2 9 CD, variously with chorus, a cappella Songs by Moses Hogan, Roland Hayes, Edward Boatner, Harry T. -
The Harlem Renaissance: a Handbook
.1,::! THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE: A HANDBOOK A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF ARTS IN HUMANITIES BY ELLA 0. WILLIAMS DEPARTMENT OF AFRO-AMERICAN STUDIES ATLANTA, GEORGIA JULY 1987 3 ABSTRACT HUMANITIES WILLIAMS, ELLA 0. M.A. NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, 1957 THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE: A HANDBOOK Advisor: Professor Richard A. Long Dissertation dated July, 1987 The object of this study is to help instructors articulate and communicate the value of the arts created during the Harlem Renaissance. It focuses on earlier events such as W. E. B. Du Bois’ editorship of The Crisis and some follow-up of major discussions beyond the period. The handbook also investigates and compiles a large segment of scholarship devoted to the historical and cultural activities of the Harlem Renaissance (1910—1940). The study discusses the “New Negro” and the use of the term. The men who lived and wrote during the era identified themselves as intellectuals and called the rapid growth of literary talent the “Harlem Renaissance.” Alain Locke’s The New Negro (1925) and James Weldon Johnson’s Black Manhattan (1930) documented the activities of the intellectuals as they lived through the era and as they themselves were developing the history of Afro-American culture. Theatre, music and drama flourished, but in the fields of prose and poetry names such as Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen and Zora Neale Hurston typify the Harlem Renaissance movement. (C) 1987 Ella 0. Williams All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special recognition must be given to several individuals whose assistance was invaluable to the presentation of this study. -
Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison: Conflicting Masculinities
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1994 Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison: Conflicting Masculinities H. Alexander Nejako College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the American Literature Commons Recommended Citation Nejako, H. Alexander, "Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison: Conflicting Masculinities" (1994). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625892. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-nehz-v842 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RICHARD WRIGHT AND RALPH ELLISON: CONFLICTING MASCULINITIES A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of English The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by H. Alexander Nejako 1994 ProQuest Number: 10629319 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10629319 Published by ProQuest LLC (2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. -
Historical Background
DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit: The Representation of Segregation In The House behind the Cedars, Cane and Black Boy Verfasserin: Carina Mazzucato, BA angestrebter akademischer Grad: Magistra der Philosophie (Mag.phil.) Wien, Jänner 2013 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 343 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Anglistik und Amerikanistik Betreuer: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Waldemar Zacharasiewicz Contents 1 Acknowledgements ......................................................................... 1 2 Abbreviations ................................................................................... 2 3 Introduction ...................................................................................... 3 4 Historical Background .................................................................... 6 5 Segregation Narrative ................................................................... 12 6 Categories ...................................................................................... 14 6.1 Racial Cartography ......................................................................... 14 6.2 Fear and Violence ........................................................................... 15 6.2.1 Intimate Violence ......................................................................................... 15 6.2.2 Disciplinary Violence ................................................................................... 16 6.3 Folklore ............................................................................................ 18 6.4 Language and Education -
Gold Democrats and the Decline of Classical Liberalism, 1896–1900
SUBSCRIBE NOW AND RECEIVE CRISIS AND LEVIATHAN* FREE! “The Independent Review does not accept “The Independent Review is pronouncements of government officials nor the excellent.” conventional wisdom at face value.” —GARY BECKER, Noble Laureate —JOHN R. MACARTHUR, Publisher, Harper’s in Economic Sciences Subscribe to The Independent Review and receive a free book of your choice* such as the 25th Anniversary Edition of Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government, by Founding Editor Robert Higgs. This quarterly journal, guided by co-editors Christopher J. Coyne, and Michael C. Munger, and Robert M. Whaples offers leading-edge insights on today’s most critical issues in economics, healthcare, education, law, history, political science, philosophy, and sociology. Thought-provoking and educational, The Independent Review is blazing the way toward informed debate! Student? Educator? Journalist? Business or civic leader? Engaged citizen? This journal is for YOU! *Order today for more FREE book options Perfect for students or anyone on the go! The Independent Review is available on mobile devices or tablets: iOS devices, Amazon Kindle Fire, or Android through Magzter. INDEPENDENT INSTITUTE, 100 SWAN WAY, OAKLAND, CA 94621 • 800-927-8733 • [email protected] PROMO CODE IRA1703 Gold Democrats and the Decline of Classical Liberalism, 1896–1900 —————— ✦ —————— DAVID T. BEITO AND LINDA ROYSTER BEITO n 1896 a new political party was born, the National Democratic Party (NDP). The founders of the NDP included some of the leading exponents of classical I liberalism during the late nineteenth century. Few of those men, however, fore- saw the ultimate fate of their new party and of the philosophy of limited government that it championed. -
Folklorist of the Brush and Palette: Rare Winold Reiss Exhibition
“Folklorist of the Brush and Palette”: Rare Winold Reiss Exhibition Features Distinct, Illuminating Portraits of Harlem Figures by Victoria L. Valentine on May 3, 2018 • 8:58 am WINOLD REISS, “Harlem Girl with Blanket,” circa 1925 FORTY WORKS BY A HARLEM LEGEND are on view in midtown Manhattan. “Winold Reiss Will Not Be Classified” at Hirschl & Adler gallery presents works spanning the German American artist’s four decade career. Winold Reiss (1886–1953) was variously considered an artist, designer, illustrator, architect, printmaker, and muralist. The exhibition, the first compre- hensive presentation of Reiss’s work in three decades, features oil paintings, watercolors, pastels, prints and drawings that capture a range of subjects, including a handful of works about Harlem. Reiss famously made portraits of W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary McLeod Bethune, Paul Robeson, Charles S. Johnson, James Weldon Johnson, and Alain Locke. Nearly a century ago, Locke edited a special issue of Survey Graphic dedicated to black artistic expression. The March 1925 edition of the social science journal was full of essays by writers and intellectuals such as Du Bois, Albert C. Barnes, Arthur Schomburg, who were shaping the cultural discourse, and selec- tions by young African American poets, including Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes, Anne Spencer, and Jean Toomer, who would come to define the Harlem Renaissance. The seminal publication was both a literary and visual record. Titled “Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro,” the issue was illustrated by Reiss, who contributed stylized portraits of Harlem figures, Art Deco graphics, and a cover portrait of Roland Hayes, the composer and tenor vocalist regarded as the first internationally recognized African American concert performer. -
How the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Began, 1914 Reissued 1954
How the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Began By MARY WHITE OVINGTON NATIONAL AssociATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT oF CoLORED PEOPLE 20 WEST 40th STREET, NEW YORK 18, N. Y. MARY DUNLOP MACLEAN MEMORIAL FUND First Printing 1914 HOW THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE BEGAN By MARY WHITE OVINGTON (As Originally printed in 1914) HE National Association for the studying the status of the Negro in T Advancement of Colored People New York. I had investigated his hous is five years old-old enough, it is be ing conditions, his health, his oppor lieved, to have a history; and I, who tunities for work. I had spent many am perhaps its first member, have months in the South, and at the time been chosen as the person to recite it. of Mr. Walling's article, I was living As its work since 1910 has been set in a New York Negro tenement on a forth in its annual reports, I shall Negro street. And my investigations and make it my task to show how it came my surroundings led me to believe with into existence and to tell of its first the writer of the article that "the spirit months of work. of the abolitionists must be revived." In the summer of 1908, the country So I wrote to Mr. Walling, and after was shocked by the account of the race some time, for he was in the West, we riots at Springfield, Illinois. Here, in met in New York in-the first week of the home of Abraham Lincoln, a mob the year 1909.