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The Role of Antispasmodics in Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.309 Review articles The role of antispasmodics in managing irritable bowel syndrome Valeria Atenea Costa Barney,1* Alan Felipe Ovalle Hernández.1 1 Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology specialist Abstract in San Ignacio University Hospital, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Although antispasmodics are the cornerstone of treating irritable bowel syndrome, there are a number of an- tispasmodic medications currently available in Colombia. Since they are frequently used to treat this disease, *Correspondence: [email protected] we consider an evaluation of them to be important. ......................................... Received: 26/10/18 Keywords Accepted: 11/02/19 Antispasmodic, irritable bowel syndrome, pinaverium bromide, otilonium bromide, Mebeverin, trimebutine. INTRODUCTION consistency. The criteria must be met for three consecutive months prior to diagnosis and symptoms must have started Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most fre- a minimum of six months before diagnosis. (3, 4) quent chronic gastrointestinal functional disorders. It is There are no known structural or anatomical explanations characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with of the pathophysiology of IBS and its exact cause remains changes in the rhythm of bowel movements with either or unknown. Nevertheless, several mechanisms have been both constipation and diarrhea. Swelling and bloating are proposed. Altered gastrointestinal motility may contribute frequent occurrences. (1) to changes in bowel habits reported by some patients, and a IBS is divided into two subtypes: predominance of cons- combination of smooth muscle spasms, visceral hypersen- tipation (20-30% of patients) and predominance of dia- sitivity and abnormalities of central pain processing may rrhea (20-30% of patients). -
Clinical Practice Guidelines for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Korea, 2017 Revised Edition
J Neurogastroenterol Motil, Vol. 24 No. 2 April, 2018 pISSN: 2093-0879 eISSN: 2093-0887 https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm17145 JNM Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility Review Clinical Practice Guidelines for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Korea, 2017 Revised Edition Kyung Ho Song,1,2 Hye-Kyung Jung,3* Hyun Jin Kim,4 Hoon Sup Koo,1 Yong Hwan Kwon,5 Hyun Duk Shin,6 Hyun Chul Lim,7 Jeong Eun Shin,6 Sung Eun Kim,8 Dae Hyeon Cho,9 Jeong Hwan Kim,10 Hyun Jung Kim11; and The Clinical Practice Guidelines Group Under the Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 1Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea; 2Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute Daejeon, Korea; 3Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; 6Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea; 7Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea; 8Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; 9Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea; 10Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and 11Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea In 2011, the Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (KSNM) published clinical practice guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) based on a systematic review of the literature. The KSNM planned to update the clinical practice guidelines to support primary physicians, reduce the socioeconomic burden of IBS, and reflect advances in the pathophysiology and management of IBS. -
A Four-Country Comparison of Healthcare Systems, Implementation
Neurogastroenterology & Motility Neurogastroenterol Motil (2014) 26, 1368–1385 doi: 10.1111/nmo.12402 REVIEW ARTICLE A four-country comparison of healthcare systems, implementation of diagnostic criteria, and treatment availability for functional gastrointestinal disorders A report of the Rome Foundation Working Team on cross-cultural, multinational research M. SCHMULSON,* E. CORAZZIARI,† U. C. GHOSHAL,‡ S.-J. MYUNG,§ C. D. GERSON,¶ E. M. M. QUIGLEY,** K.-A. GWEE†† & A. D. SPERBER‡‡ *Laboratorio de Hıgado, Pancreas y Motilidad (HIPAM)-Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico †Gastroenterologia A, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy ‡Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, India §Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea ¶Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA **Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA ††Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ‡‡Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel Key Messages • This report identified seven key issues related to healthcare provision that may impact how patients with FGIDs are investigated, diagnosed and managed. • Variations in healthcare provision around the world in patients with FGIDs have not been reviewed. • We compared four countries that are geographically and culturally diverse, and exhibit differences in the healthcare coverage provided to their population: Italy, South Korea, India and Mexico. • Since there is a paucity of publications relating to the issues covered in this report, some of the findings are based on the authors’ personal perspectives, press reports and other published sources. -
Drug Tariff Price Changes
Drug tariff April 2017 Top 10 price reductions since March 2017 Medicine Pack size Basic price March 2017 Difference Venlafaxine 150mg modified-release capsules 28 capsule £3.90 £36.81 -£32.91 Phenytoin sodium 300mg capsules 28 capsule £9.11 £41.94 -£32.83 Venlafaxine 75mg modified-release capsules 28 capsule £2.60 £22.08 -£19.48 Linezolid 600mg tablets 10 tablet £308.63 £323.32 -£14.69 Dexamethasone 2mg tablets 50 tablet £30.59 £42.85 -£12.26 Alverine 60mg capsules 100 capsule £7.28 £19.48 -£12.20 Sevelamer 800mg tablets 180 tablet £40.17 £48.87 -£8.70 Methocarbamol 750mg tablets 100 tablet £20.75 £28.84 -£8.09 Phenytoin sodium 100mg tablets 28 tablet £15.21 £23.00 -£7.79 Hydrocortisone 10mg tablets 30 tablet £61.99 £68.67 -£6.68 Top 10 price increases since March 2017 Medicine Pack size Basic price March 2017 Difference Voriconazole 200mg tablets 28 tablet £561.27 £460.32 £100.95 Ropinirole 1mg tablets 84 tablet £56.71 £2.07 £54.64 Ropinirole 2mg tablets 28 tablet £38.74 £2.80 £35.94 Voriconazole 50mg tablets 28 tablet £143.51 £118.99 £24.52 Naratriptan 2.5mg tablets 6 tablet £23.13 £4.21 £18.92 Atropine 1% eye drops 10 ml £99.14 £89.80 £9.34 Propranolol 50mg/5ml oral solution sugar free 150 ml £29.98 £24.98 £5.00 Chloramphenicol 10% ear drops 10 ml £43.58 £38.95 £4.63 Buspirone 5mg tablets 30 tablet £6.97 £3.19 £3.78 Zolmitriptan 2.5mg tablets 6 tablet £5.06 £1.48 £3.58 Page 1 of 6 Top 25 price reductions since January 2017 Medicine Pack size Basic price January 2017 Difference Linezolid 600mg tablets 10 tablet £308.63 £360.06 -£51.43 -
The Management of Adult Patients with Severe Chronic Small Intestinal Dysmotility Gut: First Published As 10.1136/Gutjnl-2020-321631 on 21 August 2020
Guidelines The management of adult patients with severe chronic small intestinal dysmotility Gut: first published as 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321631 on 21 August 2020. Downloaded from Jeremy M D Nightingale ,1 Peter Paine,2 John McLaughlin,3 Anton Emmanuel,4 Joanne E Martin ,5 Simon Lal,6 on behalf of the Small Bowel and Nutrition Committee and the Neurogastroenterology and Motility Committee of the British Society of Gastroenterology 1Gastroenterology, St Marks ABSTRact 1.3 Scheduled review Hospital, Harrow, UK Adult patients with severe chronic small intestinal The content and evidence base for these guidelines 2Gastroenterology, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK dysmotility are not uncommon and can be difficult to should be reviewed within 5 years of publication. 3Division of Diabetes, manage. This guideline gives an outline of how to make We recommend that these guidelines are audited Endocrinology and the diagnosis. It discusses factors which contribute to or and request feedback from all users. Gastroenterology, University of cause a picture of severe chronic intestinal dysmotility Manchester, Salford, UK 4 (eg, obstruction, functional gastrointestinal disorders, Gastroenterology, University 1.4 Service delivery College London, London, UK drugs, psychosocial issues and malnutrition). It gives 5Pathology Group, Blizard management guidelines for patients with an enteric ► Patients with severe chronic small intestinal Institute, Barts & The London myopathy or neuropathy including the use of enteral and dysmotility are not common but should be School of Medicine and parenteral nutrition. managed by a multidisciplinary team headed Dentistry, Queen Mary by a clinician with expertise in managing these University of London, London, patients. If managed appropriately, particularly UK 6Gastroenterology and Intestinal if receiving parenteral nutrition (PN), there may Failure Unit, Salford Royal 1.0 FORMULatION OF GUIDELINES be an improved quality of safe care and also Foundation Trust, Manchester, 1.1 Aim considerable cost savings. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,283,192 B2 Mullen Et Al
US009283192B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,283,192 B2 Mullen et al. (45) Date of Patent: Mar. 15, 2016 (54) DELAYED PROLONGED DRUG DELIVERY 2009. O1553.58 A1 6/2009 Diaz et al. 2009,02976O1 A1 12/2009 Vergnault et al. 2010.0040557 A1 2/2010 Keet al. (75) Inventors: Alexander Mullen, Glasgow (GB); 2013, OO17262 A1 1/2013 Mullen et al. Howard Stevens, Glasgow (GB); Sarah 2013/0022676 A1 1/2013 Mullen et al. Eccleston, Scotstoun (GB) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (73) Assignee: UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE, Glasgow (GB) EP O 546593 A1 6, 1993 EP 1064937 1, 2001 EP 1607 O92 A1 12/2005 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this EP 2098 250 A1 9, 2009 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 JP HO5-194188 A 8, 1993 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. JP 2001-515854. A 9, 2001 JP 2001-322927 A 11, 2001 JP 2003-503340 A 1, 2003 (21) Appl. No.: 131582,926 JP 2004-300148 A 10, 2004 JP 2005-508326 A 3, 2005 (22) PCT Filed: Mar. 4, 2011 JP 2005-508327 A 3, 2005 JP 2005-508328 A 3, 2005 (86). PCT No.: PCT/GB2O11AOOO3O7 JP 2005-510477 A 4/2005 JP 2008-517970 A 5, 2008 JP 2009-514989 4/2009 S371 (c)(1), WO WO99,12524 A1 3, 1999 (2), (4) Date: Oct. 2, 2012 WO WOO1 OO181 A2 1, 2001 WO WOO3,O266.15 A2 4/2003 (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2011/107750 WO WOO3,O26625 A1 4/2003 WO WO 03/026626 A2 4/2003 PCT Pub. -
Routine Clinical Administration of 4-Week Alverine Citrate and Simeticone Combination Relief Global IBS Symptoms
Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 2014, 4, 32-39 OJGas http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojgas.2014.41006 Published Online January 2014 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojgas/) Routine clinical administration of 4-week alverine citrate and simeticone combination relief global IBS symptoms Xiangping Wang1, Yikuan Feng2, Jiansheng Li3, Zibin Tian4, Dong Wei5, Lingzhi Qi6, Lifeng Fang7, Kaichun Wu1 1State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China 2Gastroenterology Institute, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, China 3Gastroenterology Institute, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China 4Gastroenterology Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China 5Gastroenterology Institute, No. 150 Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, China 6Gastroenterology Institute, The People’s Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China 7Gastroenterology Institute, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China Email: [email protected] Received 25 November 2013; revised 26 December 2013; accepted 9 January 2014 Copyright © 2014 Xiangping Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In accor- dance of the Creative Commons Attribution License all Copyrights © 2014 are reserved for SCIRP and the owner of the intellectual property Xiangping Wang et al. All Copyright © 2014 are guarded by law and by SCIRP as a guardian. ABSTRACT nificantly from 78.4 ± 9.9 to 32.1 ± 21.0 and from 63.2 ± 27.2 to 22.6 ± 20.9, respectively (both p < 0.001), Introduction: The primary treatment aim for irrita- decreased diarrhea or constipation occurrence from ble bowel syndrome (IBS) is to relieve overall symp- 67.2% to 10.2% (p < 0.001), and reduced IBS impact toms which can significantly impair the patient’s qual- on QOL with only 2 treatment-related AEs. -
The Anticholinergic Impregnation Scale: Towards The
Therapie (2017) 72, 427—437 Available online at ScienceDirect www.sciencedirect.com CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY The anticholinergic impregnation scale: Towards the elaboration of a scale adapted to prescriptions in French psychiatric settings L’échelle d’imprégnation anticholinergique : vers l’élaboration d’une échelle adaptée aux prescriptions en milieu psychiatrique franc¸ais a,b b,c,∗ Jeanne Briet , Hervé Javelot , c d Edwige Heitzmann , Luisa Weiner , c e Catherine Lameira , Philippe D’Athis , e a,b Marie Corneloup , Jean-Louis Vailleau a Pharmacy service, CHS de La Chartreuse, 21000 Dijon, France b PIC network (Psychiatrie Information Communication), EPSM Lille-Métropole, 59487 Armentières, France c Établissement public de santé Alsace Nord, 67170 Brumath, France d Psychiatry II and Inserm unit 1114, university hospital of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France e Service of biostatistics and medical informatics, CHU de Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France Received 6 June 2016; accepted 23 December 2016 Available online 17 February 2017 KEYWORDS Summary Anticholinergics; Purpose. — Some drugs have anticholinergic activity and can cause peripheral or central side Anticholinergic drug effects. Several scales exist to evaluate the potential anticholinergic effect of prescribed drugs scale; but: (i) they are validated in the elderly and mainly assess the cognitive side effect of treat- Psychiatry ments; (ii) they do not concern some of the drugs frequently used in clinical psychiatry in France. The aim of our study is to develop a new scale, the anticholinergic impregnation scale (AIS), with drugs used in France and based on an assessment of the drugs used against peripheral anticholinergic adverse effects. ∗ Corresponding author. Clinical pharmacy service, Établissement public de santé Alsace Nord (EPS Alsace Nord), 141 avenue de Strasbourg, 67170 Brumath, France. -
Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation in Adults: Linaclotide
pat hways Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in adults: linaclotide Evidence summary Published: 9 April 2013 nice.org.uk/guidance/esnm16 Overview The content of this evidence summary was up-to-date in April 2013. See summaries of product characteristics (SPCs), British national formulary (BNF) or the MHRA or NICE websites for up- to-date information. Key points from the evidence Linaclotide (Constella) is a first-in-class, oral, once-daily guanylate cyclase-C receptor agonist (GCCA), licensed for the symptomatic treatment of moderate-to-severe irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in adults. It received a European marketing authorisation in November 2012 and is expected to be launched during the first half of 2013. Linaclotide has been evaluated in 2 double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trials of patients with IBS-C (Rao et al. 2012 [Trial 1] and Chey et al. 2012 [Trial 2]). An analysis of both trials, presenting the pre-specified analysis of primary efficacy end points as requiredy b the European Medicines Agency (EMA), was also published in 2013 (Quigley et al. 2013). In both trials, a statistically greater proportion of linaclotide-treated patients, compared with placebo-treated patients, met the 2 co-primary efficacy end points required yb the EMA, which were '12-week abdominal pain/discomfort responders' (trial 1: 54.8% compared with 41.8%; trial 2: 54.1% compared with 38.5%; p<0.001) and 'IBS degree-of-relief responders' (trial 1: 37.0% compared with 18.5%; trial 2: 39.4% compared with 16.6%; p<0.0001). A significantly greater percentage of patients treated with linaclotide also met the composite primary end point required by the US Food © NICE 2018. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0203190 A1 Burgard Et Al
US 20050203190A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2005/0203190 A1 Burgard et al. (43) Pub. Date: Sep. 15, 2005 (54) METHODS OF TREATING Related U.S. Application Data GASTRONTESTINAL TRACT DISORDERS USING SODIUM CHANNEL MODULATORS (62) Division of application No. 10/769,071, filed on Jan. 30, 2004. (75) Inventors: Edward C. Burgard, Chapel Hill, NC (US); Steven B. Landau, Wellesley, (60) Provisional application No. 60/443,731, filed on Jan. MA (US); Matthew Oliver Fraser, 30, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/443,730, Apex, NC (US) filed on Jan. 30, 2003. Provisional application No. 60/480,565, filed on Jun. 20, 2003. Provisional appli cation No. 60/480,598, filed on Jun. 20, 2003. Pro Correspondence Address: visional application No. 60/495,958, filed on Aug. 18, ALSTON & BIRD LLP 2003. BANK OF AMERICA PLAZA 101 SOUTH TRYON STREET, SUITE 4000 Publication Classification CHARLOTTE, NC 28280-4000 (US) (51) Int. Cl. ............................................ A61K 31/137 (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 514/649 (73) ASSignee: Dynogen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, MA (57) ABSTRACT The invention relates to methods of using Sodium channel (21) Appl. No.: 11/057,024 modulators, particularly TTX-R sodium channel modulators and/or activity dependent Sodium channel modulators to treat a gastrointestinal tract disorders, particularly inflam (22) Filed: Feb. 11, 2005 matory bowel disorders and irritable bowel syndrome. Patent Application Publication Sep.15, 2005 Sheet 1 of 2 US 2005/0203190 A1 Figure 1. A. lamotrigine Control Control 26A750pA fastslow 5ms slow fast 100 s to 80 is 60 s 5(9 40 5 a S. -
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 10.0 Index 1. General Notices
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 10.0 Index 1. General notices......................................................................... 3 2.2.66. Detection and measurement of radioactivity........... 119 2.1. Apparatus ............................................................................. 15 2.2.7. Optical rotation................................................................ 26 2.1.1. Droppers ........................................................................... 15 2.2.8. Viscosity ............................................................................ 27 2.1.2. Comparative table of porosity of sintered-glass filters.. 15 2.2.9. Capillary viscometer method ......................................... 27 2.1.3. Ultraviolet ray lamps for analytical purposes............... 15 2.3. Identification...................................................................... 129 2.1.4. Sieves ................................................................................. 16 2.3.1. Identification reactions of ions and functional 2.1.5. Tubes for comparative tests ............................................ 17 groups ...................................................................................... 129 2.1.6. Gas detector tubes............................................................ 17 2.3.2. Identification of fatty oils by thin-layer 2.2. Physical and physico-chemical methods.......................... 21 chromatography...................................................................... 132 2.2.1. Clarity and degree of opalescence of -
OUH Formulary Approved for Use in Breast Surgery
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Formulary FORMULARY (Y): the medicine can be used as per its licence. RESTRICTED FORMULARY (R): the medicine can be used as per the agreed restriction. NON-FORMULARY (NF): the medicine is not on the formulary and should not be used unless exceptional approval has been obtained from MMTC. UNLICENSED MEDICINE – RESTRICTED FORMULARY (UNR): the medicine is unlicensed and can be used as per the agreed restriction. SPECIAL MEDICINE – RESTRICTED FORMULARY (SR): the medicine is a “special” (unlicensed) and can be used as per the agreed restriction. EXTEMPORANEOUS PREPARATION – RESTRICTED FORMULARY (EXTR): the extemporaneous preparation (unlicensed) can be prepared and used as per the agreed restriction. UNLICENSED MEDICINE – NON-FORMULARY (UNNF): the medicine is unlicensed and is not on the formulary. It should not be used unless exceptional approval has been obtained from MMTC. SPECIAL MEDICINE – NON-FORMULARY (SNF): the medicine is a “special” (unlicensed) and is not on the formulary. It should not be used unless exceptional approval has been obtained from MMTC. EXTEMPORANEOUS PREPARATION – NON-FORMULARY (EXTNF): the extemporaneous preparation (unlicensed) cannot be prepared and used unless exceptional approval has been obtained from MMTC. CLINICAL TRIALS (C): the medicine is clinical trial material and is not for clinical use. NICE TECHNOLOGY APPRAISAL (NICETA): the medicine has received a positive appraisal from NICE. It will be available on the formulary from the day the Technology Appraisal is published. Prescribers who wish to treat patients who meet NICE criteria, will have access to these medicines from this date. However, these medicines will not be part of routine practice until a NICE TA Implementation Plan has been presented and approved by MMTC (when the drug will be given a Restricted formulary status).