CURRICULUM VITAE VERNARD R. LEWIS Work: ESPM-University Of
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
And Engelmann Oak (Q. Engelmannii) at the Acorn and Seedling Stage1
Insect-oak Interactions with Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia) and Engelmann Oak (Q. engelmannii) at the Acorn and Seedling Stage1 Connell E. Dunning,2 Timothy D. Paine,3 and Richard A. Redak3 Abstract We determined the impact of insects on both acorns and seedlings of coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia Nee) and Engelmann oak (Quercus engelmannii E. Greene). Our goals were to (1) identify insects feeding on acorns and levels of insect damage, and (2) measure performance and preference of a generalist leaf-feeding insect herbivore, the migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes [Fabricus] Orthoptera: Acrididae), on both species of oak seedlings. Acorn collections and insect emergence traps under mature Q. agrifolia and Q. engelmannii revealed that 62 percent of all ground-collected acorns had some level of insect damage, with Q. engelmannii receiving significantly more damage. However, the amount of insect damage to individual acorns of both species was slight (<20 percent damage per acorn). Curculio occidentis (Casey) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Cydia latiferreana (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and Valentinia glandulella Riley (Lepidoptera: Blastobasidae) were found feeding on both species of acorns. No-choice and choice seedling feeding trials were performed to determine grasshopper performance on the two species of oak seedlings. Quercus agrifolia seedlings and leaves received more damage than those of Q. engelmannii and provided a better diet, resulting in higher grasshopper biomass. Introduction The amount of oak habitat in many regions of North America is decreasing due to increased urban and agricultural development (Pavlik and others 1991). In addition, some oak species are exhibiting low natural regeneration. Although the status of Engelmann oak (Quercus engelmannii E. -
36 Wood Destroying Insects
CHAPTER 36 THE BEST CONTROL OR HOW TO PERMANENTLY AND SAFELY CONTROL ALL WOOD DESTROYING ORGANISMS http://www.pctonline.com/copesan/ (without killing yourself) The February 1999 issue of Pest Control magazine on page 18 quotes Dr. Austin Frishman as saying, “We know that termiticides alone will not solve most termite problems.” This chapter will show you how to safely solve them without using any volatile termiticide poisons. At the time a live tree is cut down, nearly half its weight consists of water! The most destructive factor to wood in structures is excessive moisture, not wood destroying insects. Correct all moisture and humidity problems and you will also control almost all wood destroying insect problems without using any poisons. Use ventilation, moisture barriers, fans, air conditioners and/or dehumidifiers first, last and always. 1347 FORWARD Far more volatile, “registered,” synthetic pesticide poison is used to control termites than any other structural pest you will ever encounter. No volatile synthetic residual insecticide or economic poison is completely safe no matter what the professional pest control industry claims. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), when it approves one of the economic poisons, basically is only concerned with the harmful effects that occur from a single exposure of only the active ingredient by any route of entry or its acute toxicity expressed as its LD50 or LC50 value which is the lethal dose or concentration (relative amount) of only the active ingredient required to kill 50 % of a test population, e.g., male rats. LD50 values are recorded in milligrams of active ingredient per kilogram of body weight of the test animal. -
Direct Effects of Carpophagous Insects on the Germination Ability and Early Abscission of Oak Acorns
Acta Silv. Lign. Hung., Vol. 2 (2006) 57-68 Direct Effects of Carpophagous Insects on the Germination Ability and Early Abscission of Oak Acorns * György CSÓKA – Anikó HIRKA Department of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, Mátrafüred, Hungary Abstract – Carpophagous insects play an important role in decreasing the viability of acorns in both direct and indirect ways. Therefore they significantly influence the reproductive potential of oaks. As a direct effect, their feeding on the embryo and on the cotyledons may prevent the germination of the acorn and on the other hand, their damage causes premature acorn abscission. During 3 years, 60 acorn samples from five oak species (Turkey oak – Quercus cerris, pedunculate oak – Quercus robur, sessile oak – Quercus petraea, downy oak – Quercus pubescens, red oak – Quercus rubra) have been investigated. The average rate of damage varied a lot between years, but was always significant (2000: 36%, 2001: 61%, 2002: 51%). The insects’ influence causing premature acorn abscission was significant both for pedunculate and Turkey oaks. The premature acorn abscission was 34% of the total crop in 2000 for pedunculate oak (Curculio spp. 26%, Cydia spp. 2% and Andricus quercuscalicis 6%) and 39% in 2001 (Curculio spp. 14%, Cydia spp. 2%, Andricus quercuscalicis 13%, Callirhytis glandium 10%). In case of Turkey oak it was 29% in 2001 (C. glandium 16%, Neuroterus saliens 13%, and 12% in 2002 (C. glandium 10%, N. saliens 2%). oaks / Quercus, / acorn / carpophagous insects / germination ability/ early abscission Kivonat – A karpofág rovarok közvetlen hatása tölgymakkok csíraképességére és korai hullására. A karpofág rovarok közvetlenül és közvetve is egyaránt jelentős szerepet játszanak a tölgymakkok csíraképességének csökkenésében, ezáltal a tölgyek reprodukciós képességében. -
Pdf> Version 1.1 [Acceso En Junio De Mejoraron Sustancialmente El Manuscrito
INVESTIGACIÓN PRELIMINAR DE LA DEPREDACIÓN DE SEMILLAS EN LA GERMINACIÓN DE LAS BELLOTAS DE Quercus candicans Née A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF PRE-DISPERSAL SEED PREDATION ON THE GERMINATION OF Quercus candicans Née ACORNS Francisco Díaz-Fleischer1*, Verónica Hernández-Arellano1, Lázaro Sánchez-Velásquez1, Tomás Cano-Medina1, Raquel Cervantes-Alday2, Maurilio López-Ortega1 1INBIOTECA, Universidad Veracruzana, Apartado Postal 250, 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, México. ([email protected]) 2Vivero Plan de San Antonio, Coatepec, Veracruz, México. Resumen AbstRAct Las bellotas de los encinos (Quercus spp.) son atacadas The acorns of oaks (Quercus spp.) are attacked in the en etapa de predispersión por varias especies de insectos. pre-dispersal stage by various insect species. Despite the A pesar de la importancia de los encinos en programas importance of the oaks in reforestation programs, the impact de reforestación, el impacto del ataque de estos insectos, of the attack of these seed predation insects on the germination depredadores de semillas sobre la germinación de las bellotas of the acorns is not well known, is very variable and depends es poco conocido, muy variable y depende de la especie de on the oak species. In this study, the infestation level of encino. En este estudio se determinó el nivel de infestación, insects in acorns of Quercus candicans Née was determined por insectos, en bellotas de Quercus candicans Née y su efecto along with its effect on germination. For this purpose, en la germinación. Para ello se realizaron muestreos en campo samplings were made in the field using traps for collection usando trampas para recolectar bellotas y recolectas directas acorns and direct collecting from de soil. -
Drugstore Beetle, Stegobium Paniceum (L.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Anobiidae)1 Brian J
EENY-228 doi.org/10.32473/edis-in385-2001 Drugstore Beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Anobiidae)1 Brian J. Cabrera2 The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. Introduction There are over 1000 described species of anobiids. Many are wood borers, but two, the drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.) (known in the United Kingdom as the biscuit beetle) and the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (also known as the tobacco beetle), attack stored products. Stored product pests cause tremendous damage and economic losses to post-harvest and stored grains and seeds, packaged food products, and animal and plant- derived items and products. Besides causing direct damage by feeding, they elicit disgust, annoyance, and anger in Figure 1. Adult drugstore beetle, Stegobium paniceum (L.). many of those who find them infesting these products. Credits: B.J. Cabrera, University of Florida Description and Identification Distribution Adults Drugstore beetles have a worldwide distribution, but are more abundant in warmer regions or in heated structures The beetles are cylindrical, 2.25 to 3.5 mm (1/10 to 1/7 in more temperate climates. They are less abundant in the inch) long, and are a uniform brown to reddish brown. tropics than the cigarette beetle. They have longitudinal rows of fine hairs on the elytra (wing covers). Drugstore beetles are similar in appearance to the cigarette beetle; however, two physical characters can be used to tell the difference between them. -
Proceedings of International Conference on Alternatives to Methyl Bromide
PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALTERNATIVES TO METHYL BROMIDE LISBON, PORTUGAL, 27-30 SEPTEMBER 2004 1 Title: Proceedings of International Conference on Alternatives to Methyl Bromide Editors: Tom Batchelor and Flávia Alfarroba ISBN: Printed: European Commission, Brussels, Belgium 2 PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALTERNATIVES TO METHYL BROMIDE Editors Tom Batchelor and Flávia Alfarroba 3 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The organisers are very grateful for the hard work and support from the following people, organisations and commercial enterprises: CONFERENCE ORGANISATION Steering Committee: Mr João Gonçalves (Ministry of Environment); Mme Flávia Alfarroba (Ministry of Agriculture); Mr Ricardo Gomes (Ministry of Agriculture); Prof Manuel Belo Moreira (Technical University of Lisbon); Antonieta Castro (Ministry of Environment); Dr Tom Batchelor (European Commission) Scientific Committee: Dr Tom Batchelor (European Commission); Prof Silva Fernandes (Technical University of Lisbon); Dr Antonio Lavadinho (Ministry of Agriculture) Logistics: Prof Manuel Belo Moreira (Technical University of Lisbon); Mme Antonieta Castro (Ministry of Environment); Mr Luis Morbey (Ministry of Environment); Dr Vidal Abreu (Ministry of Agriculture); Mme Joaquina Fonseca (Ministry of Agriculture) Alternatives Fair: Mr Ricardo Gomes, Mr Joao Sousa Alves, Mr Jorge Moreira (Ministry of Agriculture); Dr Melanie Miller (Consultant); Prof Manuel Belo Moreira (Technical University of Lisbon) MAJOR SPONSORS Instituto do Ambiente (IA, Ministry of Environment), Direcção-Geral de Protecção das Culturas (DGPC, Ministry of Agriculture), Associação para o Desenvolvimento do Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ADISA, Technical University of Lisbon / Faculty of Agronomy), and the European Commission. We are grateful to Dow AgroSciences for a financial contribution towards the cost of travel that allowed some technical experts to attend this conference. -
On Garry Oak (Quercus Garryana) Acorn Germination on Vancouver Island
The Effects of the Filbert Weevil (Curculio occidentis) and the Filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana) on Garry Oak (Quercus garryana) Acorn Germination on Vancouver Island. An undergraduate research project by Jennifer Waller Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science degree at Malaspina University-College, Nanaimo, British Columbia April, 2006 ABSTRACT Garry oak trees (Quercus garryana) and their associated ecosystems are among the most diverse and endangered landscapes in B.C. Garry oak acorns are susceptible to two insect species, the Filbert weevil (Curculio occidentis) and the Filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the Filbert weevil and the Filbertworm on Garry oak acorn germination on Vancouver Island. In the fall of 2005 a total of 1,985 Garry oak acorns were collected from 8 locations: three sites in Victoria, two sites in Nanaimo, two sites in the Comox Valley, and from Hornby Island. The acorns were observed for species-specific insect exit-hole damage, planted in potting soil, labeled as either insect-damaged or undamaged, then watered and observed for germination until December. The acorns were then removed from their containers, inspected, and insect damage was recorded. Five of the 8 sites indicated a trend that undamaged acorns were more likely to germinate than insect-damaged acorns. For example, the highest percent germination was 99% of undamaged acorns and 84% of insect-damaged acorns at one site in Courtenay. The highest total insect abundance based on insect exit holes, was 1.3 insects per acorn at the other Courtenay site. -
Hazelnut Pest and Beneficial Insects EM 8979-E • June 2009 an Identification Guide V
Hazelnut Pest and Beneficial Insects EM 8979-E • June 2009 An identification guide V. Walton, U. Chambers, J. Olsen Nut-feeding pests FILBERTWORM Filbertworm Gold bands Filbert weevil Curculio occidentis Filbertworm Cydia latiferreana Filbert Adult weevils Adult Filbertworm larva has visible legs, is pale, and has a Knowledge of this pest is limited, worm shape. Filbert weevil larva is legless, a milky due to inconsistent damage and color, and has a grub shape. infestation patterns. Life stages Symptoms Frass Exit hole Larva (left) Filbertworm larva in winter cocoon. Larvae Trapping overwinter in organic matter such as debris and grass. (center) Adult filbertworm. Flights and damage occur • Pheromone traps for adults as early as late May and as late as harvest in October. • Four traps for first 10 acres, one trap for each additional 4 acres Possibly two generations per season. First trappings made in surrounding oaks. • Place traps in upper third of canopy by mid-June (right) Filbertworm pupa. • Check traps once a week until you detect pest activity; increase checks to twice a week until you apply pest controls. • Action thresholds—two to three moths per trap, or five moths in any Vaughn M. Walton, horticultural entomologist; one trap Ute Chambers, postdoctoral research scholar, Department of Horticulture; and Jeff Olsen, Extension horticulturist, Yamhill County; all of Oregon State University Pherocon VI trap Delta trap Foliage-feeding pests LEAFROLLERS Sampling Monitor weekly from late March to late May. Both species: • Larvae—three -
The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio TX, 78249 TREE
The Effects of Insect Herbivory on Quercus buckleyi Regeneration Jared Haney, Fernando A. Martinez, & Janis K. Bush The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio TX, 78249 TREE Abstract Introduction – con’t Results con’t I. Pre-planting Examination Many Quercus (oak) populations are displaying signs of recruitment Failed Quercus regeneration is geographically widespread and failure, defined as the inability of juveniles to reach maturity. Recruitment appears to be independent of species. Recruitment failure is generally due Most pericarps were easily separated from the inner seed coat, but this step proved to failure in Quercus communities could have a significant effect on forest to many factors which impact the many stages of the plants life. Most be difficult with variation between infested acorns and un-infested. Acorns without larva (“un-infested”) had harder pericarps which would fragment into large pieces trophic systems. Herbivory has been hypothesized to be a major limiting factors are assigned as pre-germination or post-germination, however, allowing for easy removal. The acorns that contained larva (“infested”), however, factor in the maturation of Quercus species. Specifically insect herbivores juveniles are very numerous compared to adults; so lack of recruitment tended to have flimsy shells that fragmented into small pieces and were very difficult such as Curculio occidentis (Filbert Weevil) could play a large role in the appears to not occur at pre-germination stage, but later after juveniles to remove. Average overall mass decreased by approximately 30% when the pericarp was removed. It should be noted however that in acorns with more than two weevils, recruitment failure, as they attack the oak at its most fragile state, the establish, or post-germination (Purohit, 2009). -
An Integrative Secondary Life Science Curriculum Using Select Ecological Topics Pertaining to Forest Ecosystems of North Coast California
AN INTEGRATIVE SECONDARY LIFE SCIENCE CURRICULUM USING SELECT ECOLOGICAL TOPICS PERTAINING TO FOREST ECOSYSTEMS OF NORTH COAST CALIFORNIA by Melinda Bailey A Project Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree Master of Science in Biology Committee Membership Dr. Jeffrey White, Chair Dr. Sean Craig, Committee Member Dr. Erik Jules, Committee Member Dr. Susan Edinger Marshall, Committee Member Dr. Michael Mesler, Graduate Coordinator December 2014 ABSTRACT AN INTEGRATIVE SECONDARY LIFE SCIENCE CURRICULUM USING SELECT ECOLOGICAL TOPICS PERTAINING TO FOREST ECOSYSTEMS OF NORTH COAST CALIFORNIA Melinda Bailey Place-based education is an instructional approach that engages students with their local environment, which can enrich the educational experience and improve scientific literacy. This project is a place-based secondary-level life science curriculum incorporating important ecological concepts using select forest types of the North Coast of California, USA. The North Coast has a rich natural history and many schools are situated near forests. This curriculum is multidimensional and includes structured units for middle school and high school students presented in three thematic modules: general forest ecology, coast redwoods, and oak woodlands. Units are preceded by a companion piece for each module that embeds some of the latest scientific research intended to broaden a teachers’ previous knowledge. Information is approached from different spatial and temporal scales and designed for flexibility in order to fit the needs of local educators. Information was routinely sourced from primary scientific literature and professional reports, which often can be difficult to obtain and comprehend by the non-specialist. Components include figures and select data, which are integrated into student lessons that offer a unique conduit between scientists, science teachers, and science students. -
Structural and Health Pests
Management Structural and Health Store beans and peas in insect-proof containers. Heating beans or peas to 130°F for 30 minutes prior to storage will kill all stages of beetles. When disposing of any product containing stored product Pests pests, make sure to remove any infected items from the home entirely. Nuisance and household pests—Bed Bug Nuisance and Household Pests See: Public health pests—Bed Bug Craig Hollingsworth and Rene Kesecker Latest revision—March 2020 Nuisance and household pests—Booklouse Order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) Pest description and damage Booklice (Psocids) are brownish In all cases, follow the instructions on the pesticide label. The PNW yellow insects about the size of a pinhead. They prefer moist, Insect Management Handbook has no legal status, whereas the undisturbed conditions. pesticide label is a legal document. Read the product label before making any pesticide applications. Management Eliminate entry points with caulk. Reduce moisture and increase light and air circulation. Fans and dehumidifiers are recommended. The National Pesticide Information Center provides guidance in pest Apply labelled pesticides to cracks and crevices where appropriate. identification, control options, pesticides and contracting professional pest management services at http://npic.orst.edu/. For further information: Booklice. Insect Advice from Extension. Pennsylvania State Nuisance and household pests—Ant University. https://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/booklice Many species, including Carpenter ant (Camponotus spp.) Nuisance and household pests—Boxelder bug Cornfield ant (Lasius alienus) Boisea rubrolineata Odorous house ant (Tapinoma sessile) Pest description and damage About 0.5 inch long and dark Velvety tree ant (Liometopum spp.) color with red longitudinal lines on the back. -
Insect-Fungal Associations
9 The Role of Yeasts as Insect Endosymbionts Fernando E. Vega Patrick F. Dowd nsect associations with fungi are common and may be casual or highly Ispecific and obligate. For example, more than 40 fungal species are as- sociated with the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei, Coleoptera: Cur- culionidae; Pérez et al. 2003) and about the same number with the subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes (Zoberi and Grace 1990; table 9.1). In one system 28 species of yeasts were isolated from the external parts of Drosophila serido and 18 species, including some not found on the external surfaces, from their crop (Morais et al. 1994; table 9.1). In relatively few cases a specific role for the fungus has been identified, as is the case for associations with ants (chapter 7), termites (chapter 8), and bark beetles (Chapter 11; Six 2003). These associations imply that different species are living together, reinforced by specific interactions, a concept popularized as symbiosis by de Bary (1879). Symbiotic associations have been classified as ectosymbiotic when the symbiont occurs outside the body of the host or endosymbiotic when the symbiont occurs internally, either intra- or extracellularly (Steinhaus 1949; Nardon and Nardon 1998; Margulis and Chapman 1998). Several interesting symbiotic associations occur between insects and yeasts. In all cases that are well studied, the benefit that accrues for the insect is better understood than the benefit to the yeasts. The term “yeast” is used to describe a particular fungal growth form (Steinhaus 1947; Alexopoulos et al. 1996). These predominantly unicellular ascomycetes di- vide by budding at some point in their life cycle (e.g., Saccharomyces).