Studiekring Eerste Millennium Semafoor ISSN 1567 - 5203
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Roman-Barbarian Marriages in the Late Empire R.C
ROMAN-BARBARIAN MARRIAGES IN THE LATE EMPIRE R.C. Blockley In 1964 Rosario Soraci published a study of conubia between Romans and Germans from the fourth to the sixth century A.D.1 Although the title of the work might suggest that its concern was to be with such marriages through- out the period, in fact its aim was much more restricted. Beginning with a law issued by Valentinian I in 370 or 373 to the magister equitum Theodosius (C.Th. 3.14.1), which banned on pain of death all marriages between Roman pro- vincials and barbarae or gentiles, Soraci, after assessing the context and intent of the law, proceeded to discuss its influence upon the practices of the Germanic kingdoms which succeeded the Roman Empire in the West. The text of the law reads: Nulli provineialium, cuiuscumque ordinis aut loci fuerit, cum bar- bara sit uxore coniugium, nec ulli gentilium provinciales femina copuletur. Quod si quae inter provinciales atque gentiles adfinitates ex huiusmodi nuptiis extiterit, quod in his suspectum vel noxium detegitur, capitaliter expietur. This was regarded by Soraci not as a general banning law but rather as a lim- ited attempt, in the context of current hostilities with the Alamanni, to keep those barbarians serving the Empire (gentiles)isolated from the general Roman 2 populace. The German lawmakers, however, exemplified by Alaric in his 63 64 interpretatio,3 took it as a general banning law and applied it in this spir- it, so that it became the basis for the prohibition under the Germanic king- doms of intermarriage between Romans and Germans. -
University of Groningen Luxury Tableware? Terra Sigillata in the Coastal Region of the Northern Netherlands Nieuwhof, Annet
University of Groningen Luxury tableware? Terra sigillata in the coastal region of the northern Netherlands Nieuwhof, Annet Published in: Experiencing the Frontier and the Frontier of Experience DOI: 10.32028/9781789696813-8 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2020 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Nieuwhof, A. (2020). Luxury tableware? Terra sigillata in the coastal region of the northern Netherlands. In A. Rubel, & H-U. Voß (Eds.), Experiencing the Frontier and the Frontier of Experience : Barbarian perspectives and Roman strategies to deal with new threats (pp. 94-110). (Archaeopress Roman Archaeology ; Vol. 76). Archaeopress. https://doi.org/10.32028/9781789696813-8 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne- amendment. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. -
Chapter 1 Barbarian Agency and Imperial Withdrawal: the Causes And
Chapter 1 Barbarian agency and imperial withdrawal: the causes and consequences of political change in fourth- and fifth-century Trier and Cologne Introduction Snapshots from the years 310, 410, and 510 reveal that the political landscape of the Rhineland changed almost beyond recognition over the course of three centuries. In 310 AD, Trier was one of the foremost cities of the Roman Empire, acting as a main residence of the Emperor Constantine and the seat of the Gallic praetorian prefecture. In Cologne, meanwhile, the completion of the fortress of Divitia just across the Rhine reinforced the city’s significance in the context of imperial defensive strategy. By 410 AD, however, both the imperial residence and the praetorian prefecture had been removed from Trier, and many frontier troops who had been stationed near Cologne were gone. The Rhineland had suffered an apparently devastating barbarian invasion, that of the Vandals, Alans, and Sueves in 406, and was to face many more attacks in the coming half-century. After the invasion, the legitimate emperors were never to re- establish their firm control in the region, and the reign of the usurper Constantine III (407 - 411) marked the last period of effective imperial rule. Around 510 AD, the last vestiges of imperial political power had vanished, and both Trier and Cologne were part of the Frankish kingdom of Clovis. The speed and extent of this change must have dramatically affected many aspects of life within the cities, and, as such, it is crucial that we seek to understand what brought it about. In so doing, we must consider the fundamental question of whether responsibility for the collapse of imperial power in the Rhineland ultimately lies with the imperial authorities themselves, who withdrew from the region, or with the 11 various barbarian groups, who launched attacks on the frontier provinces and undermined the Empire’s control. -
Map 10 Rhenus-Albis Compiled by J.H.F
Map 10 Rhenus-Albis Compiled by J.H.F. Bloemers, 1995 Introduction The map covers a large part of what Ptolemy (2.Prolog.; 2.11) called Germania Megale, that immense part of Germania outside the formal north-west limits of the Roman empire, bordered by the North Sea and Baltic Sea. During the Roman period the landscape was, as elsewhere, quite different from the present; in this region the coast, estuaries, rivers and moors deserve special attention. Long-known historical information has to be combined with knowledge acquired after World War II by intensive geological and palaeogeographical research in the Netherlands and northern Germany. Due to the rise in sea level and post-Roman shoreline changes, the coast along the southern North Sea has changed considerably since the Roman period, retreating landwards. In general, with the help of well-founded geological data, it can now be reconstructed in advance of the present-day shoreline (Kossack 1984, 51-82; van Es 1988, 88-94). Even so, it still seems prudent to render long stretches as approximate. In antiquity, principal rivers such as the Rhenus, Visurgis and Albis spread over wide flood-plains, but are now channeled between embankments. Large areas in the north of the modern Netherlands and Germany were covered by peat, and consequently almost inaccessible. Today, these are drained and cultivated, with the result that the ground level is now many feet lower than during Roman times. In addition, ancient Germania Megale was famous for its extensive, dense forests. All the Greek and Roman texts relating to the region are conveniently assembled by Byvanck (1931) and Goetz (1995). -
Stilicho: the Vandal Who Saved Rome Online
4sXIc (Read free) Stilicho: The Vandal Who Saved Rome Online [4sXIc.ebook] Stilicho: The Vandal Who Saved Rome Pdf Free Ian Hughes *Download PDF | ePub | DOC | audiobook | ebooks #332002 in Books 2016-03-01 2016-03-15Original language:EnglishPDF # 1 9.10 x .90 x 6.10l, .0 #File Name: 1473829003304 pages | File size: 31.Mb Ian Hughes : Stilicho: The Vandal Who Saved Rome before purchasing it in order to gage whether or not it would be worth my time, and all praised Stilicho: The Vandal Who Saved Rome: 2 of 3 people found the following review helpful. Stilicho versus the Senate and Galla PlacidiaBy Hans KerrinckxThis is a decent study of the late Roman Empire focused on Stilicho, who was the highest military leader of the Western Empire from 395 ndash; 408 AD under the Emperor Honorius (9 September 384 ndash; 15 August 423).The period in which Stilicho lived was one of the most turbulent in European history. The Western Empire was finally giving way under pressure from external threats, especially from Germanic tribes crossing the Rhine and Danube, as well as from seemingly ever-present internal revolts and rebellions.At the same time his brother Arcadius (377/378 ndash; 1 May 408) was ruling the Eastern part of the Empire, strongly dominated by a series of powerful ministers and by his wife, Aelia Eudoxia.For non-historians you definitely need to keep a print of the Theodosian dynasty by the hand as well as a good historical atlas and an overview of the organization of the later Roman army. -
Article Beneficial Use of Dredged Material from the Firth of Clyde
The Roman Harbour of Velsen Pauline van Rijn The Roman Harbour of Velsen Abstract Pauline van Rijn received her Masters in Prehistoric Archeology from the Though the Dutch are considered world leaders in the University of Amsterdam, The dredging industry, many archeological excavations in Netherlands. She is specialised in the The Netherlands reveal that in the first four centuries of research of archeological wood our era, the Roman army were already busily at work in remains, and is presently on staff at The Netherlands. Archeological sites show examples of the Dutch Center for Dendrochrono- the engineering skills of the Roman army. logy of the State Service of Archeolo- Recent discoveries in Velsen, North Holland during gy in Amersfoort, and freelance construction of a new tunnel underneath the North Sea consultant for the Institute of Pre- and Canal, the canal that connects Amsterdam Harbour Protohistoric Archeology of the Pauline van Rijn with the North Sea, indicate the extent to which University of Amsterdam, several Roman technicians were active. Amongst their dredg- municipal archeological offices, and ing and infrastructure activities were permanent dikes, municipal and state musea. roads, long-distance canals and elaborate harbours. All information on the construction of the camp and harbour of Velsen and all drawings can be found in the PhD thesis of Dr. J.-M.A.W. Morel “De Vroeg-Romein- se versterking te Velsen 1, Fort en Haven”, Amster- dam, The Netherlands, 1988. Photographs made by Mark IJdo, Institute of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeolo- gy (IPP), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. the Rhine River. Between The Hague and Leiden, at Drawings and photographs are used with permission. -
Visigoths and Romans: Integration and Ethnicity
Neal 1 Jennifer Neal May 9, 2011 Final Thesis Visigoths and Romans: Integration and Ethnicity Outside of Inginius’ fine home in Narbo, the January weather was far from pleasant. Inside the main apartments of the house, a woman and man sat beside each other enacting a Christian marriage ceremony. Emblems lay heavy against the woman’s body, indicating her imperial rank. Poised and proper as ever, she glanced again at the man who sat beside her wearing the garb of a Roman general and looking pleased. The audience gazed at her, exclaiming quietly at her beauty and the simple gown that draped from her shoulders. She smiled and turned her attention to the youths standing before her. Fifty young men, all dressed in different colors of silk, held platters that overflowed with gold and jewels so precious they nearly took her breath away. The irony almost drew a laugh from her lips. All of the wealth on those platters might be gifts meant to impress her, but they had been stolen from the coffers of her fellow Roman nobles during the Sack of Rome.1 That woman was Galla Placidia. The year was 414 and Galla Placidia, Roman princess and half-sister of Honorius, emperor of the Western Empire, sat next to Athaulf, barbarian king of the Visigoths.2 Willing as she was to marry Athaulf, there was no disguising the fact that he and his army of barbarians had pillaged her home and the surrounding areas to gain the treasure he now presented to her. Yet for all his Roman trappings, Athaulf was no Roman. -
43598277.Pdf
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/151177 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2018-07-07 and may be subject to change. Sonderdruck aus Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt Jahrgang 45 · 2015 · Heft 2 Herausgegeben vom Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum Mainz in Verbindung mit dem Präsidium der Deutschen Verbände für Archäologie REDAKTORINNEN UND REDAKTOREN Paläolithikum, Mesolithikum: Martina Barth · Harald Floss Neolithikum: Johannes Müller · Doris Mischka Bronzezeit: Christoph Huth · Stefan Wirth Hallstattzeit: Markus Egg · Dirk Krausse Latènezeit: Rupert Gebhard · Hans Nortmann · Martin Schönfelder Römische Kaiserzeit im Barbaricum: Claus von Carnap-Bornheim · Haio Zimmermann Provinzialrömische Archäologie: Peter Henrich · Gabriele Seitz Frühmittelalter: Brigitte Haas-Gebhard · Dieter Quast Wikingerzeit, Hochmittelalter: Hauke Jöns · Bernd Päffgen Archäologie und Naturwissenschaften: Felix Bittmann · Joachim Burger · Thomas Stöllner Die Redaktorinnen und Redaktoren begutachten als Fachredaktion die Beiträge (peer review). Das Archäologische Korrespondenzblatt wird im Arts & Humanities Citation Index® sowie im Current Contents® / Arts & Humanities von Thomson Reuters aufgeführt. Beiträge werden erbeten an die Mitglieder der Redaktion oder an das Römisch-Germanische Zentral museum, Ernst-Ludwig-Platz 2, 55116 Mainz, [email protected] Die mit Abbildungen (Strichzeichnungen und Schwarz-Weiß-Fotos), einer kurzen Zusammenfassung und der genauen Anschrift der Autorinnen und Autoren versehenen Manuskripte dürfen im Druck 20 Seiten nicht überschreiten. Die Redaktion bittet um eine allgemein verständ liche Zitierweise (naturwissenschaftlich oder in Endnoten) und empfiehlt dazu die Richtlinien für Veröffentlichungen der Römisch-Germanischen Kommis sion in Frankfurt a. M. und die dort vorgeschlagenen Zeitschriftenabkürzungen. -
Eunuchs in the East, Men in the West? Dis/Unity, Gender and Orientalism in the Fourth Century
Eunuchs in the East, Men in the West? 147 Chapter 8 Eunuchs in the East, Men in the West? Dis/unity, Gender and Orientalism in the Fourth Century Shaun Tougher Introduction In the narrative of relations between East and West in the Roman Empire in the fourth century AD, the tensions between the eastern and western imperial courts at the end of the century loom large. The decision of Theodosius I to “split” the empire between his young sons Arcadius and Honorius (the teenage Arcadius in the east and the ten-year-old Honorius in the west) ushered in a period of intense hostility and competition between the courts, famously fo- cused on the figure of Stilicho.1 Stilicho, half-Vandal general and son-in-law of Theodosius I (Stilicho was married to Serena, Theodosius’ niece and adopted daughter), had been left as guardian of Honorius, but claimed guardianship of Arcadius too and concomitant authority over the east. In the political manoeu- vrings which followed the death of Theodosius I in 395, Stilicho was branded a public enemy by the eastern court. In the war of words between east and west a key figure was the (probably Alexandrian) poet Claudian, who acted as a ‘pro- pagandist’ (through panegyric and invective) for the western court, or rather Stilicho. Famously, Claudian wrote invectives on leading officials at the eastern court, namely Rufinus the praetorian prefect and Eutropius, the grand cham- berlain (praepositus sacri cubiculi), who was a eunuch. It is Claudian’s two at- tacks on Eutropius that are the inspiration and central focus of this paper which will examine the significance of the figure of the eunuch for the topic of the end of unity between east and west in the Roman Empire. -
PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/26472 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2021-09-29 and may be subject to change. J. E. Bogners, The Netherlands SOME NOTES IN CONNECTION WITH THE DUTCH SECTION OF THE LIMES OF GERMANIA INFERIOR (GERMANIA SECUNDA) l At the Third International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies at Rheinfelden -Basel, held in 1957, H. von Petrikovits read a paper entitled “Der niedergermanische Limes” , and presented a map showing the military settlements along the line of this part of the frontier.1 It is now possible to present a supplementary map, whose principal aim is to give a more detailed picture of its Dutch section (Fig. 44). The lower German fronticr-system consisted of a chain of fortresses and forts dating any-. where from the reign of Tiberius down to c. A.D. 260 or ,270,2 and lying along the eastern and northern boundaries of the military district that became the province of Germania Inferior' in the reign of Domitian.3 From the southern boundary on the Vinxtbach they extended along the Rhine and further west - on the north side of the west part of the “Insula Batavorum” 4 - they are found along the Kromme Rijn (from Wijk bij Duurstede to Utrecht) and the Oude Rijn (from Utrecht to Katwijk). With the exception of the legionary fortress at Nijmegen (Batavodorum/Noviomagus),5 south of the Rhine arm known as the Waal, the map shows no military sites in the hinterland. -
A COMPANION to the ROMAN ARMY Edited By
ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page iii A COMPANION TO THE ROMAN ARMY Edited by Paul Erdkamp ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page i A COMPANION TO THE ROMAN ARMY ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page ii BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical lit- erature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. Ancient History Published A Companion to the Roman Army A Companion to the Classical Greek World Edited by Paul Erdkamp Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl A Companion to the Roman Republic A Companion to the Ancient Near East Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Edited by Daniel C. Snell Robert Morstein-Marx A Companion to the Hellenistic World A Companion to the Roman Empire Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by David S. Potter In preparation A Companion to Ancient History A Companion to Late Antiquity Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Philip Rousseau A Companion to Archaic Greece A Companion to Byzantium Edited by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Hans van Wees Edited by Elizabeth James A Companion to Julius Caesar Edited by Miriam Griffin Literature and Culture Published A Companion to Catullus A Companion to Greek Rhetoric Edited by Marilyn B. Skinner Edited by Ian Worthington A Companion to Greek Religion A Companion to Ancient Epic Edited by Daniel Ogden Edited by John Miles Foley A Companion to Classical Tradition A Companion to Greek Tragedy Edited by Craig W. -
72 *Arcadius (383-408) (East) 73 *Magnus Maximus
375 Huns absorbed Greuthungi (Ostrogoths) 408 Huns captured Castra Martis (Romania) 431 Battle: Aetius/Salian Franks (France) 376 Tervingi (Visigoths) crossed Danube 408-413 Constantinople's landside wall built 431 1st Council of Ephesus (Nestorianism) 376 some Greuthungi crossed Danube 408-410 Alaric's 2nd Invasion of Italy [2/2] 431 Battle: Aetius/Norici (Noricum) 376-378 Valens Second Gothic War [5/6] 408 Stilicho executed 431-534 Vandal Kingdom (North Africa) 376 Battle: Marcianopolis (Bulgaria) 408.09-12 Alaric's first siege of Rome 431 Raid: central Hispania (Suebi) 377 Battle: Ad Salices (Bulgaria) 77 Constantine III (409-411) (W) 432 Battle: Vandals/Empire (Africa) 378.05 Battle: Argentovaria (France) 78 Constans II (409-411) (W) 432-439 Africa diocese overran by Vandals 378.08.09 Battle: Adrianople (Thracia) 409 Vandals, Alani, Suebi entered Hispania 432 B: Gaiseric/Bonifacius+Aspar (Algeria) 378 Siege: Constantinople (Thracia) 409 Battle: Alaric/Valens 432 Battle: Aetius/Salian Franks (France) 71 *Theodosius-I (379-395) (Eall) 409.10-11 Alaric's second siege of Rome 432 Battle: Ariminum (Italy) 379-382 Theodosius' Gothic War [6/6] 409 Siege: Ravenna (Italy) 432 Treaty: Suebi (Hispania) 380 Greuthungi settled in Pannonia 409-411 Usurper: Maximus of Hispania [1/2] 434 Battle: Vandals/Aspar (Africa) 380 Battle: Macedonia 410.08.24 Alaric's sack of Rome 434 Huns under Rua devastated Thrace 380 Edict of Thessalonica (Nicene Creed) 410 Romans abandon Britannia 434-469 Hunnic Empire 381 Council of Constantinople (Nicene 411 Conference of Carthage (Donatism) 434-453 Attila the Hun Creed) 411 Siege: Arles (France) 434 Huns settled in Pannonia (Hungary) 382 Treaty: Fritigern and the Tervingi 411-413 Usurper: Jovinus (Mainz) 435 Foundation of Constantinople University 382 Tervingi settled in Moesia Inferior 411-415 Ataulf (Visigoth) 435 Vandals took Mauretanias & Numidia 383-408 Stilicho 411-418 Silingi Vandals: Hispania Baetica 435 Treaty: Attila (Huns) 396 Battle: Greuthungi defeated 411-418 Alani: H.