DOCSLIB.ORG

Black Hills, Badlands & Legends of the West

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Black Hills, Badlands & Legends of the West NO RISK DEPOSIT PASSENGER ASSURANCE PLAN Deposit by December 31, 2020 Risk Free until Final Payment Due Date! See inside for details** Lee College Senior Adult Program presents 7 Days June 9, 2021 HIGHLIGHTS • Mount Rushmore • Wall Drug Store • The Journey Museum • Mount Rushmore at Night • Custer State Park • Black Hills Gold Factory • Devil’s Tower Nat’l • Buffalo Jeep Safari • K-Bar S Ranch Dinner Monument • State Game Lodge Dinner • Chuckwagon Supper & • Crazy Horse Memorial • 1880 Train Cowboy Show • Fort Hays • Deadwood • Badlands National Park • Wild Horse Sanctuary Booking Discount - Save $400 per couple!* Contact Information Lee College Senior Adult and Travel Program 511 S. Whiting Street • Baytown, TX 77520 281.425.6311 Booking #145045 (Web Code) [email protected] Black Hills, Badlands & Legends of the West DAY 1: ARRIVE RAPID CITY Day 5: BaDlanDs natIonal PaRk - FoRt hays Today arrive in Rapid City. Enjoy a Welcome Dinner with your Today visit and drive through Badlands National Park, located between traveling companions. the White and Cheyenne Rivers. The area contains spectacular (D) Overnight: Rapid City examples of weathering, erosion, fantastic ridges, cliffs and canyons of variegated color. Later explore the unusual and well-known Wall Day 2: Mount RushMoRe - CRazy hoRse MeMoRIal Drug Store, famous for its “Free Ice Water”. This afternoon visit the This morning visit Mt. Rushmore featuring the awesome sculptures Fort Hays Dances with Wolves Movie Set to see some of the original of Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt and Lincoln. Each face is 60 buildings used in the Oscar winning film. Later at the same location feet high and is carved into the rugged granite mountainside with enjoy a fun filled Chuckwagon Supper & Cowboy Show. intricate perfection. Continue onto the Crazy Horse Memorial, still (B,D) Overnight: Rapid City in progress. View the giant mountainside sculpture of the famous Indian Chief astride his pony. This afternoon visit Custer State Park Day 6: 1880 tRaIn - Mt. RushMoRe at nIght famous as a wildlife preserve featuring a herd of 1,500 free roaming This morning enjoy a short drive to Hill City to explore Main Street and buffalo. Experience a thrilling Buffalo Jeep Safari in search of some board the 1880 Train for a rail journey through history & scenery. The of the herd. Enjoy dinner at the famous State Game Lodge, built 1880 Train is an authentic narrow gauge railroad dating back to the 1920 and listed on the national register of historic places with past Black Hills Gold Rush. Then stop at a Black Hills Gold Factory. Tonight’s guests including Presidents Coolidge & Eisenhower. special Farewell Dinner is at the K-Bar S Ranch nestled in the beautiful (B,D) Overnight: Rapid City Black Hills just outside Keystone. Following dinner experience Mt. Rushmore at Night to see this American treasure illuminated in a Day 3: DevIl’s toweR - DeaDwooD whole new light. Today journey west into Wyoming to visit Devil’s Tower National (B,D) Overnight: Rapid City Monument to view the 867 foot monolith. Return east into South Dakota to visit historic Deadwood, the 1876 rough and tumble gold Day 7: RaPID CIty - FlIght hoMe camp & gambling town where Wild West legends were made like Today depart from Rapid City filled with wonderful memories of your Wild Bill Hickok, Calamity Jane and Seth Bullock. The entire city is Black Hills, Badlands & Legends of the West Tour. a national historic landmark and features an incredibly preserved (B) Main Street. Later drive through beautiful Spearfish Canyon, a scenic drive in the Black Hills. (B) Overnight: Rapid City Day 4: WILD HORSE SANCTUARY Today visit the Black Hills Wild Horse Sanctuary, a seemingly endless prairie where hundreds of wild mustangs roam free. The sanctuary is a 300-year step back into America with Native American petroglyphs ACCOMMOdaTIONS & an authentic Sun Dance site. Next visit one of Rapid City’s newest 6 Nights Accommodations attractions, the city-owned $12 million The Journey Museum which • Holiday Inn Rushmore Plaza, Rapid City traces the geology of the Black Hills and tells the story of the people On some dates alternate hotels may be used who inhabited these lands. The Journey features four museums tour activity level Easy 1 2 3 4 Active including the Sioux Indian Museum. Enjoy the remainder of the day at your own pace. INCLUSIONS (B) Overnight: Rapid City • Roundtrip Airfare - IAH • Admissions per Itinerary • 10 Meals: • Sightseeing per Itinerary 6-Breakfasts & 4-Dinners • Baggage Handling at Hotels • Professional Tour Director • Travel Protection Plan • Motorcoach Transportation • Hotel Transfers TOUR RATES Booking Discount*: $3360 pp double Regular Rate: $3560 pp double Single Supplement: +$825 *See Reservation Info for Booking Discount details BlaCk hIlls, BaDlanDs & legenDs oF the west - June 9, 2021 - #145045(weBCoDe) Contact Information Mail Reservation Form to: Lee College Senior Adult and Travel Program Premier World Discovery • Attn: Reservations 511 S. Whiting Street • Baytown, TX 77520 2615 - 190th Street, Suite 200 • Redondo Beach, CA 90278 281.425.6311 • [email protected] 877.953.8687 • [email protected] Make Checks payable to Premier World Discovery Enclosed please find a deposit in the amount of $ ____________ ($585* per person) to secure reservations for __________# of people. *Deposit of $585 includes travel Protection Plan payment. total Payment $___________________ Rt aIR GATEWAY ________________________ RooMMATE’s Rt aIR GATEWAY _________________________ see flyer page 2 for included group RT air gateway/departure city, additional charges apply for other RT air gateways To avoid change fees, submit full legal names (first/middle/last) exactly as they appear on the government issued ID used for travel. Legal Name ______________________________________________________________________ DOB (MM/DD/YY)____________________ Gender M F Roommate’s Legal Name ____________________________________________________________ DOB (MM/DD/YY)____________________ Gender M F Your Address ____________________________________________________________________________ Check if Roommate’s address is the same City__________________________________________________ State________________ ZIP__________________ Tel # ______________________________________ Email Address ___________________________________________________________________________________ Mbl #_______________________________________ Emergency Contact/Tel#_______________________________________________________________________ Other Notes _____________________________________ Cardholder Name (if paying by credit card) ________________________________________________ amount to be charged $______________ Credit card #: __________________________________________________Exp. Date: _______________CVV#: ____________ Cardholder Billing Address: Check if address is the same as above ________________________________________________________________________________ signature Required (for credit card use & acceptance of terms*): ________________________________________________________ Today’s Date:_________________ *I (We) agree to pay according to the credit card issuer agreement. I understand and accept the cancellation fees/policy and other terms. NO RISK DEPOSIT - PASSENGER ASSURANCE PLAN** DePosIt & FInal PAYMent Book between 4/1/20 & 12/31/20 and PWD will waive your cancellation fees until your Final Deposit of $585* per person is due with Reservation Form to secure Payment Due Date. After Final Payment Due Date, Standard Cancellation Fees apply. reservations. Final Payment Due Date is 75 days prior to departure. *BOOKING DISCOUNT CanCELLATIon FEES** Make your Final Payment by check prior to the Final Payment Due Date Cancellations not covered by the Travel Protection Plan (TPP), are subject to the following per & receive $400 per couple/$200 per person Booking Discount! person fees: •Initial Deposit can be made by check or credit card to be eligible. - Cancel more than 180 days prior to departure: Full Refund •Payments after Initial Deposit are considered part of Final Payment & must be made by check. - Cancel 179-75 days prior to departure: Deposit or TPP* is Retained** ONLINE BOOKING OPTION - Cancel 74-45 days prior to departure: 25% of total price Save time, postage & secure your seat for this group departure. Simply type - Cancel 44-15 days prior to departure: 50% of total price https://res.premierworlddiscovery.com into your web browser & use the Booking - Cancel 14 days or less prior to departure/no shows: No refunds Number (Web Code) from this flyer to make your Deposit online in just a few minutes. No need to submit a Reservation Form if booking online. RESPONSIBILITY PREMIER’S TRAVEL PROTECTION PLAN (TPP) $285 per person (INCLUDED) Premier World Tours LLC dba Premier World Discovery (hereafter PWD), whose vouchers are The Pre-Departure Cancellation Fee Waiver (Part A – I & II) is provided by Premier World used by respective agents for the passenger in all matters pertaining to hotel accommodations, Discovery (PWD) and is not an insurance benefit. The Post Departure Travel Insurance sightseeing tours and transportation, hold themselves free of responsibility for any damages Plan (Part B) is provided by USI Affinity Travel Insurance Services (USI). occasioned from any cause whatsoever. PWD will not be responsible for any damages or Part a – Cancellation waiver provided by PwD inconvenience caused by late arrivals, departures and change of schedule or other conditions I. trip Cancellation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Deadlands: Reloaded Core Rulebook
    This electronic book is copyright Pinnacle Entertainment Group. Redistribution by print or by file is strictly prohibited. This pdf may be printed for personal use. The Weird West Reloaded Shane Lacy Hensley and BD Flory Savage Worlds by Shane Lacy Hensley Credits & Acknowledgements Additional Material: Simon Lucas, Paul “Wiggy” Wade-Williams, Dave Blewer, Piotr Korys Editing: Simon Lucas, Dave Blewer, Piotr Korys, Jens Rushing Cover, Layout, and Graphic Design: Aaron Acevedo, Travis Anderson, Thomas Denmark Typesetting: Simon Lucas Cartography: John Worsley Special Thanks: To Clint Black, Dave Blewer, Kirsty Crabb, Rob “Tex” Elliott, Sean Fish, John Goff, John & Christy Hopler, Aaron Isaac, Jay, Amy, and Hayden Kyle, Piotr Korys, Rob Lusk, Randy Mosiondz, Cindi Rice, Dirk Ringersma, John Frank Rosenblum, Dave Ross, Jens Rushing, Zeke Sparkes, Teller, Paul “Wiggy” Wade-Williams, Frank Uchmanowicz, and all those who helped us make the original Deadlands a premiere property. Fan Dedication: To Nick Zachariasen, Eric Avedissian, Sean Fish, and all the other Deadlands fans who have kept us honest for the last 10 years. Personal Dedication: To mom, dad, Michelle, Caden, and Ronan. Thank you for all the love and support. You are my world. B.D.’s Dedication: To my parents, for everything. Sorry this took so long. Interior Artwork: Aaron Acevedo, Travis Anderson, Chris Appel, Tom Baxa, Melissa A. Benson, Theodor Black, Peter Bradley, Brom, Heather Burton, Paul Carrick, Jim Crabtree, Thomas Denmark, Cris Dornaus, Jason Engle, Edward Fetterman,
    [Show full text]
  • Plains Indians
    Your Name Keyboarding II xx Period Mr. Behling Current Date Plains Indians The American Plains Indians are among the best known of all Native Americans. These Indians played a significant role in shaping the history of the West. Some of the more noteworthy Plains Indians were Big Foot, Black Kettle, Crazy Horse, Red Cloud, Sitting Bull, and Spotted Tail. Big Foot Big Foot (?1825-1890) was also known as Spotted Elk. Born in the northern Great Plains, he eventually became a Minneconjou Teton Sioux chief. He was part of a tribal delegation that traveled to Washington, D. C., and worked to establish schools throughout the Sioux Territory. He was one of those massacred at Wounded Knee in December 1890 (Bowman, 1995, 63). Black Kettle Black Kettle (?1803-1868) was born near the Black Hills in present-day South Dakota. He was recognized as a Southern Cheyenne peace chief for his efforts to bring peace to the region. However, his attempts at accommodation were not successful, and his band was massacred at Sand Creek in 1864. Even though he continued to seek peace, he was killed with the remainder of his tribe in the Washita Valley of Oklahoma in 1868 (Bowman, 1995, 67). Crazy Horse Crazy Horse (?1842-1877) was also born near the Black Hills. His father was a medicine man; his mother was the sister of Spotted Tail. He was recognized as a skilled hunter and fighter. Crazy Horse believed he was immune from battle injury and took part in all the major Sioux battles to protect the Black Hills against white intrusion.
    [Show full text]
  • Young Man Afraid of His Horses: the Reservation Years
    Nebraska History posts materials online for your personal use. Please remember that the contents of Nebraska History are copyrighted by the Nebraska State Historical Society (except for materials credited to other institutions). The NSHS retains its copyrights even to materials it posts on the web. For permission to re-use materials or for photo ordering information, please see: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/magazine/permission.htm Nebraska State Historical Society members receive four issues of Nebraska History and four issues of Nebraska History News annually. For membership information, see: http://nebraskahistory.org/admin/members/index.htm Article Title: Young Man Afraid of His Horses: The Reservation Years Full Citation: Joseph Agonito, “Young Man Afraid of His Horses: The Reservation Years,” Nebraska History 79 (1998): 116-132. URL of Article: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/publish/publicat/history/full-text/1998-Young_Man.pdf Date: 1/20/2010 Article Summary: Young Man Afraid of His Horses played an important role in the Lakota peoples’ struggle to maintain their traditional way of life. After the death of Crazy Horse, the Oglalas were trapped on the reservation , surrounded by a growing, dominant, white man’s world. Young Man Afraid sought ways for his people to adapt peacefully to the changing world of the reservation rather than trying to restore the grandeur of the old life through obstructionist politics. Cataloging Information: Names: Man Afraid of His Horses; Red Cloud; J J Saville; Man Who Owns a Sword; Emmett Crawford;
    [Show full text]
  • Teacher’S Guide Teacher’S Guide Little Bighorn National Monument
    LITTLE BIGHORN NATIONAL MONUMENT TEACHER’S GUIDE TEACHER’S GUIDE LITTLE BIGHORN NATIONAL MONUMENT INTRODUCTION The purpose of this Teacher’s Guide is to provide teachers grades K-12 information and activities concerning Plains Indian Life-ways, the events surrounding the Battle of the Little Bighorn, the Personalities involved and the Impact of the Battle. The information provided can be modified to fit most ages. Unit One: PERSONALITIES Unit Two: PLAINS INDIAN LIFE-WAYS Unit Three: CLASH OF CULTURES Unit Four: THE CAMPAIGN OF 1876 Unit Five: BATTLE OF THE LITTLE BIGHORN Unit Six: IMPACT OF THE BATTLE In 1879 the land where The Battle of the Little Bighorn occurred was designated Custer Battlefield National Cemetery in order to protect the bodies of the men buried on the field of battle. With this designation, the land fell under the control of the United States War Department. It would remain under their control until 1940, when the land was turned over to the National Park Service. Custer Battlefield National Monument was established by Congress in 1946. The name was changed to Little Bighorn National Monument in 1991. This area was once the homeland of the Crow Indians who by the 1870s had been displaced by the Lakota and Cheyenne. The park consists of 765 acres on the east boundary of the Little Bighorn River: the larger north- ern section is known as Custer Battlefield, the smaller Reno-Benteen Battlefield is located on the bluffs over-looking the river five miles to the south. The park lies within the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana, one mile east of I-90.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Essay: Custer, Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull, and the Little Bighorn
    REVIEW ESSAY Bloodshed at Little Bighorn: Sitting Bull, Custer, and the Destinies of Nations. By Tim Lehman. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010. 219 pp. Maps, illustrations, notes, bibliogra- phy, index. $19.95 paper. The Last Stand: Custer, Sitting Bull, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn. By Nathaniel Philbrick. New York: Viking, 2010. xxii + 466 pp. Maps, photographs, appendices, notes, bibliography, index. $30.00 cloth, $18.00 paper. Custer: Lessons in Leadership. By Duane Schultz. Foreword by General Wesley K. Clark. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. x + 206 pp. Photographs, notes, bibliography, index. $14.00 paper. The Killing of Crazy Horse. By Thomas Powers. New York: Knopf, 2010. xx + 568 pp. Maps, illustra- tions, photographs, notes, bibliography, index. $30.00 cloth, $17.00 paper. CUSTER, CRAZY HORSE, SITTING BULL, AND THE LITTLE BIGHORN In the summer of 1876, the United States some Cheyennes, and a handful of Arapahos. government launched the Great Sioux War, The resulting Battle of the Little Bighorn left a sharp instrument intended to force the last Custer and 267 soldiers, Crow scouts, and civil- nonagency Lakotas onto reservations. In doing ians dead, scattered in small groups and lonely so, it precipitated a series of events that proved singletons across the countryside—all but disastrous for its forces in the short run and fifty-eight of them in his immediate command, calamitous for the Lakotas in the much longer which was annihilated. With half the regiment scheme of things. killed or wounded, the Battle of the Little On June 17, Lakotas and Cheyennes crippled Bighorn ranked as the worst defeat inflicted General George Crook’s 1,300-man force at the on the army during the Plains Indian Wars.
    [Show full text]
  • Jim Levy, Irish Jewish Gunfighter of the Old West
    Jim Levy, Irish Jewish Gunfighter of the Old West By William Rabinowitz It’s been a few quite a few years since Chandler, our grandson, was a little boy. His parents would come down with him every winter, free room and board, and happy Grandparents to baby sit. I doubt they actually came to visit much with the geriatrics but it was a free “vacation”. It is not always sun and surf and pool and hot in Boynton Beach, Fl. Sometimes it is actually cold and rainy here. Today was one of those cold and rainy days. Chandler has long since grown up into a typical American young person more interested in “connecting” in Cancun than vegetating in Boynton Beach anymore. I sat down on the sofa, sweatshirt on, house temperature set to “nursing home” hot, a bowl of popcorn, diet coke and turned on the tube. Speed channel surfing is a game I used to play with Chandler. We would sit in front of the T.V. and flip through the channels as fast as our fingers would move. The object was to try and identify the show in the micro second that the image flashed on the screen. Grandma Sheila sat in her sitting room away from the enervating commotion. She was always busy needle- pointing another treasured wall hanging that will need to be framed and sold someday at an estate sale. With my trusty channel changer at my side, I began flipping through the stations, scanning for something that would be of interest as fast as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • “Crazy Horse with Us”
    Title: Crazy Horse: The Life behind the Legend Author: Mike Sajna ISBN: 0-471-24182-2 1 “Crazy Horse with Us” Slowly the column made its way down the wide valley between two long, sloping bluffs. It was about ten o’clock in the morning.1 The sky was clear and bright, the plains gleaming with the night’s rain and the first tender green of spring. About a mile in advance of the column rode Lieutenant J. Wesley Rosenquest with a detachment of the 4th U.S. Cavalry.2 Five days earlier, on May 1, 1877, Rosenquest had left Camp Robinson in northwestern Nebraska to meet the “hostiles,” the band of the Oglala Lakota Sioux leader Crazy Horse, on Hat Creek. At the request of the Oglala Lakota Red Cloud, who had been out in the Powder River country negotiating Crazy Horse’s surrender since mid-April, Rosen- quest brought the band ten wagons of supplies and a hundred head of cattle.3 Rosenquest would later become known as the first army officer to shake hands with Crazy Horse, but interpreter William Gar- nett, who accompanied him on the mission, said that is a “mistake.”4 He does not, however, elaborate. To meet Rosenquest and accept the surrender of Crazy Horse, Lieutenant William Philo Clark, known to the Indians as White Hat, had ridden up Soldier Creek from Camp Robinson with twenty Chey- enne scouts and a reporter for the Chicago Times, most likely L. F. Whitbeck.5 The reporter would write of Clark: There is a personal magnetism about the man that attaches a person to him as soon as one meets him.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Play at the Crazy Horse Colossus: Narrative
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Communication Theses Department of Communication Summer 7-14-2010 Cultural Play at the Crazy Horse Colossus: Narrative Thomas M. Cornwell Georgia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Cornwell, Thomas M., "Cultural Play at the Crazy Horse Colossus: Narrative." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2010. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses/64 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Communication at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CULTURAL PLAY AT THE CRAZY HORSE COLOSSUS: NARRATIVE RATIONALITY AND THE CRAZY HORSE MEMORIAL ORIENTATION FILM by THOMAS M. CORNWELL Under the Direction of Dr. Mary Stuckey ABSTRACT This thesis explores the Crazy Horse Memorial orientation film and its rhetorical claim to represent Lakota values in the rhetorically contested Black Hills of South Dakota. Walter Fisher‟s concept of narrative rationality is used to analyze the informal logic of the memorial film narrative. The Crazy Horse Memorial is seen as a response to Mt. Rushmore‟s colonialist legacy. Analysis shows that the Crazy Horse Memorial actually has much in common with Rushmore‟s legacy of Euro-American colonialism. This thesis discusses the effects of this redefinition of Lakota cultural values on the rhetorical sphere of the contested Black Hills. INDEX WORDS: Narrative rationality, American Indians, Crazy Horse Memorial, Black Hills, Lakota, Mount Rushmore, Colossal art, Orientation film CULTURAL PLAY AT THE CRAZY HORSE COLOSSUS: NARRATIVE RATIONALITY AND THE CRAZY HORSE MEMORIAL ORIENTATION FILM by THOMAS M.
    [Show full text]
  • Crushing the Native Americans
    Crushing the Native Americans • 1867--250,000 Indians in western U.S. – displaced Eastern Indians – Native Plains Indians • By the 1880s – most Indians on reservations – California Indians decimated by disease • By the 1890s Indian cultures crumble Essential Questions 1) What motivated Americans from the east to move westward? 2) How did American expansion westward affect the American Indians? 3) How was American “identity” forged through westward expansion? Which picture best represents America? What affects our perception of American identity? Life of the Plains Indians: Political Organization • Plains Indians nomadic, hunt buffalo – skilled horsemen – tribes develop warrior class – wars limited to skirmishes, "counting coups" • Tribal bands governed by chief and council • Loose organization confounds federal policy Life of the Plains Indians: Social Organization • Sexual division of labor – men hunt, trade, supervise ceremonial activities, clear ground for planting – women responsible for child rearing, art, camp work, gardening, food preparation • Equal gender status common – kinship often matrilineal – women often manage family property Misconceptions / Truths of Native Americans Misconceptions Truths • Not all speak the same • Most did believe land belonged language or have the same to no one (no private property) traditions • Reservation lands were • Not all live on reservations continually taken away by the • Tribes were not always government unified • Many relied on hunting as a • Most tribes were not hostile way of life (buffalo) • Most tribes put a larger stake on honor rather than wealth Culture of White Settlers • Most do believe in private property • A strong emphasis on material wealth (money) • Few rely on hunting as a way of life; most rely on farming • Many speak the same language and have a similar culture What is important about the culture of white settlers in comparison to the culture of the American Indians? What does it mean to be civilized? “We did not ask you white men to come here.
    [Show full text]
  • Remarks by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy Before the National
    ~tpartmtnt ll~ ~ustitt REMARKS By ATroRNEY GENERAL ROBERT F. KENNEDY Before The NATIONAL CONGBESS OF AMH:RICAN INDIANS Grand Pacific Hotel Bismarck, North Dakota September 13, 1963 It is a tragic irony that the American Indian has for so long been denied a full share of freedom -- full citizenship in the greatest free country in the world. And the irony is compounded when we realize how great the influence of Indian culture has been in shaping our national character. The earliest white settlers in this country were quick to adopt Indian ways of dealing with the harsh elements of their new world; they must certainly have learned more from the Indians than the-Indians from them. The men who framed our Constitution are said to have drawn much of their inspiration from tribal practices of the Iroquois League -- the concept of a Union of sovereign states, for example, and the principle of .Government by consent of the governed, The nobility and valor of the great warrior chiefs -- men like Wabasha, Pontiac, Tecumseh and Black Ha~k; like Crazy Horse, Sitting BUll, American Horse, Cochise, and Joseph -- will always hold an honored place in our his­ tory. Nearly half our states and many hundreds of our cities and towns bear Indian names; numberless Indian words and phrases have become a part of the American language and the American philosophy. And still the paradox exists. Alexis de Tocqueville, that nineteenth century French traveler who seemed to know so much more about America than the Americans knew about themselves, was outspoken in his admiration of the Indian race -- and in his disapproval of their treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Free Ebook Library Victorio: Apache Warrior and Chief (The
    Free Ebook Library Victorio: Apache Warrior And Chief (The Oklahoma Western Biographies) A steadfast champion of his people during the wars with encroaching Anglo-Americans, the Apache chief Victorio deserves as much attention as his better-known contemporaries Cochise and Geronimo. In presenting the story of this nineteenth-century Warm Springs Apache warrior, Kathleen P. Chamberlain expands our understanding of Victorio’s role in the Apache wars and brings him into the center of events.Although there is little documentation of Victorio’s life outside military records, Chamberlain draws on ethnographic sources to surmise his childhood and adolescence and to depict traditional Warm Springs Apache social, religious, and economic life. Reconstructing Victorio’s life beyond the military conflicts that have since come to define him, she interprets his character and actions not only as whites viewed them but also as the logical outcome of his upbringing and worldview.Chamberlain’s Victorio is a pragmatic leader and a profoundly spiritual man. Caught in the absurdities of post–Civil War Indian policy, Victorio struggled with the glaring disconnect between the U.S. government’s vision for Indians and their own physical, psychological, and spiritual needs.Graced with historic photos of Victorio, other Apaches, and U.S. military leaders, this biography portrays Victorio as a leader who sought a peaceful homeland for his people in the face of wrongheaded decisions from Washington. It is the most nearly complete and balanced picture yet to emerge of a Native leader caught in the conflicts and compromises of the nineteenth-century Southwest.
    [Show full text]
  • 1868 Chief Red Cloud and General William Tecumseh Sherman Sign the Fort Laramie Treaty, Which Brings an End to War Along the Bozeman Trail
    1868 Chief Red Cloud and General William Tecumseh Sherman sign the Fort Laramie Treaty, which brings an end to war along the Bozeman Trail. Under terms of the treaty, the United States agrees to abandon its forts along the Bozeman Trail and grant enormous parts of the Wyoming, Montana and Dakota Territories, including the Black Hills area, to the Lakota people as their exclusive territory. 1868 General Philip Sheridan sends Colonel George Armstrong Custer against the Cheyenne, with a plan to attack them during the winter when they are most vulnerable. Custer's troops locate a Cheyenne village on the Washita River in present-day Oklahoma. By a cruel coincidence, the village is home to Black Kettle and his people, the victims of the Sand Creek Massacre in 1864. Custer's cavalry attacks at dawn, killing more than 100 men, women and children, including Black Kettle. 1875 THE LAKOTA WAR A Senate commission meeting with Red Cloud and other Lakota chiefs to negotiate legal access for the miners rushing to the Black Hills offers to buy the region for $6 million. But the Lakota refuse to alter the terms of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty, and declare they will protect their lands from intruders if the government won't. 1876 Federal authorities order the Lakota chiefs to report to their reservations by January 31. Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse and others defiant of the American government refuse.General Philip Sheridan orders General George Crook, General Alfred Terry and Colonel John Gibbon to drive Sitting Bull and the other chiefs onto the reservation through a combined assault.
    [Show full text]