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Home , Bascom affair, Big Bow (Kiowa leader), Bloody Knife, Bozeman Trail, Conquering Bear, Cornstalk

American Indian Biographies Index

A ABC: Before Columbus, 530 Ace Daklugie, 245 Actors; Banks, Dennis, 21-22; Beach, Adam, 24; Bedard, Irene, 27-28; Cody, Iron Eyes, 106; George, Dan, 179; Greene, Graham, 194-195; Means, Russell, 308-310; Rogers, Will, 425-430; Sampson, Will, 443; Silverheels, Jay, 461; Studi, Wes, 478 Adair, John L., 1 Adams, Abigail, 289 Adams, Hank, 530 Adams, Henry, 382 Adams, John Quincy, 411 Adario, 1-2 Adate, 149 Adobe Walls, Battles of, 231, 365, 480 Agona, 150 AIF. See American Indian Freedom Act AIM. See American Indian Movement AIO. See Americans for Indian Opportunity AISES. See American Indian Science and Engineering Society Alaska Native Brotherhood, 374 Alaska Native Sisterhood, 374 Alaskan Anti-Discrimination Act, 374 Alcatraz Island occupation; and Bellecourt, Clyde, 29; and Mankiller, Wilma, 297; and Oakes, Richard, 342; and Trudell, John, 508 Alexie, Sherman, 2-5 Alford, Thomas Wildcat, 5 Allen, Alvaren, 466 Allen, Paula Gunn, 6-9 Alligator, 9-10, 246 Allotment, 202, 226 Amadas, Philip, 371 , 10-12, 26 American Indian Conference, 530 American Indian Freedom Act, 30 American Indian Historical Society, 116 American Indian Movement, 21, 129, 369; and Bellecourt, Clyde H., 29; and Bellecourt, Vernon, 32; creation of, 530; and Crow Dog, Leonard, 128; and Fools Crow, Frank, 169; and Means, Russell, 308; and Medicine, Bea, 311; and Oakes, Richard, 342-343; and Pictou Aquash, Anna Mae, 376 American Indian Science and Engineering Society, 391 American Revolution, 66; and Cayuga, 281; and , 61, 346; and Creek, 288; and , 544; and , 63, 66-67, 69, 112-113; and Lenni , 224; and Mahican, 341; and Miami, 277; and Mohawk, 68; and Mohegan, 345; and Ottawa, 387; and Senecas, 52; and , 56, 85, 115, 497 Americans for Indian Opportunity, 207 ANB. See Alaska Native Brotherhood Annawan, 12 ANS. See Alaska Native Sisterhood Anthony, Scott, 50 Anthropologists; Bushotter, George, 77-78; Deloria, Ella Cara, 141-142; Dorris, Michael, 150-151; Dozier, Edward Pasqual, 152; Hewitt, John N. B., 211; Hunt, George, 227; Ishi, 232-233; McNickle, D'Arcy, 291-293; Medicine, Bea, 311; Murie, James, 330; Parker, Arthur Caswell, 359; Tyon, Thomas, 517 Antonio, Juan, 13-14, 177 removal, 90 , 182-183, 519 Apes, William, 14-15 Aquash, Anna Mae Pictou. See Pictou Aquash, Anna Mae Aquash, Nogeeshik, 376 Arapoosh, 15-16 Argall, Samuel, 380 Army scouts; Bad Heart Bull, Amos, 20; , 39; , 53-54; Chatto, Alfred, 89-90; Curly, 131; Gladstone, James, 187-188; , 279; , 333; Otherday, John, 356; Two Moon, 515; White Man Runs Him, 545-546; Winnemucca, Sarah, 550-551 Arpeika, 16 Arthur, Chester A., 148 Asah, Spencer, 17 Astor, John Jacob, 109 Atkinson, Henry, 48 Atotarho, 18-19, 137, 212, 214-215 , 154 Auchiah, James, 17, 19-20 Autobiographers; Apes, William, 14; Blacksnake, 52; Bonnin, Gertrude Simmons, 57; Chona, Maria, 94-95; Copway, George, 111; Crashing Thunder, 116; Crow Dog, Mary, 129; Eastman, Charles Alexander, 159-161; Lame Deer, 267; Mankiller, Wilma Pearl, 297-300; Momaday, N. Scott, 320-321; Mountain Wolf Woman, 328; Mourning Dove, 329; Standing Bear, Luther, 476- 477; Waheenee, 525; Winnemucca, Sarah, 550-551; , 552 Awa Tsireh, 20

B Bacon's Rebellion, 402 Bad Axe, Battle of, 48 Bad Heart Bull, Amos, 20-21 Balanchine, George, 486 Banai, Edward Benton, 29 Banks, Dennis, 21-23, 31-32; and Peltier, Leonard, 369; in poetry, 3 Bannock War, 495, 550 , 23-24, 141 Barlowe, Arthur, 371 Barnes, R. H., 513 Barnwell, John, 200 Bascom affair, 104 Bascomb affair, 295 Basketry, Washoe, 134 Battey, Thomas C., 258 Beach, Adam, 24-25, 28, 474, 479 Beale, Edward F., 13 Bear Hunter, 25-26 Bear Paw, Battle of, 541 Bear River Campaign, 25 Bear's Heart, James, 26-27, 226 Bedard, Irene, 27-29, 130 Bellecourt, Clyde H., 29-32 Bellecourt, Vernon, 31-33; and Peltier, Leonard, 369 Bender, Elizabeth A., 98 Benjamin Church, 12 Benson, Robby, 318 Bent, George, 33-36, 277 Bent, William, 33 Betzinez, Jason, 36-38; and Chatto, Alfred, 91 BIA. See Bible; and , 170, 454; interpretation of, 344; and language, 415 Big Bear, 38-39 Big Bow, 39 Big Dry Wash, Battle of, 337 Big Foot, 39-41, 44, 123, 227, 458, 517, 555; and American Horse, 11 Big Hole Valley, Battle of, 541 , 39, 41, 448; and Satank, 446 Big Warrior, 42 Black Bonnet, 448 Black Dog, 387 "," 528 , 42-45, 119, 124, 168 Black Elk, Nicholas, 376 Black Elk, Wallace, 376 Black Hawk, 45-49, 505; and Keokuk, 255; and Pokagon, Leopold, 384 Black Hawk War, 48, 256, 356, 456 War, 256 , 49-50, 276; niece of, 35 Black , 548 Blackbird, Andrew, 51 Blacksnake, 52-53 Bloody Knife, 53-55 Blue Eagle, Acee, 55 Blue Highways (Heat-Moon), 210 , 55-56, 85, 278 Bly, Robert, 72 Boas, Franz, 78, 142, 227 Bolon, Andrew J., 253 Bonnin, Gertrude Simmons, 57-58, 323 Bono, Sonny, 92 Boone, Daniel, 56 Boudinot, Elias, 58-59, 417, 435, 533; home of, 170; murder of, 59 Boudinot, Elias Cornelius, 60-61 Bourke, John G., 90 Bowl, 61-62 Bowlegs, Billy, 16, 62-63 , 516; forts, 407; closing of, 120; opening of, 120; and 's War, 11, 154, 172, 222, 274, 279, 403, 407, 515; and , 440 Brant, Joseph, 52, 63-68; and Hiawatha, 212; and Jones, Augustus, 238 Brant, Molly, 65, 68-69 Bronson, Ruth Muskrat, 70 Brown, Adam, 96 Bruce, Louis R., 70-71 Bruchac, Joseph, 71-73 , 73-74 Bull Bear, 74, 406; brother of, 269 Bull Head, 413 Bull Hump, 156 Bull Lodge, 75-77 Burdick, Usher, 542 Bureau of Indian Affairs, 70, 414; and Deer, Ada Elizabeth, 135; and Cobell, Elouise, 99-101; finances of, 99; takeover of headquarters, 207, 310 Bushotter, George, 77-78, 330 Bushyhead, Dennis Wolf, 79 Bushyhead family, 193

C Caduto, Michael J., 72 Cairook, 230 Calhoun, John, 375 Calling Myself Home (Hogan), 219 , 146, 166 Campbell, Ben Nighthorse, 79-81 Campbell, Walter Stanley, 217 Canby, Edward, 174, 223 Canonchet, 81-82 Canonicus, 82-83, 316 Captain Jack, 83-84, 107, 223, 449-450, 549 Carlisle Indian School, 57, 160, 323, 477 Carr, E. A., 334 Carr, Paddy, 312 Carrington, Henry B., 120 Carson, Kit, 141, 175, 480 Cartier, Jacques, 149 Cass, Lewis, 356, 504 Catahecassa, 84-85 Catches, Pete, 85-87 Catches, Peter V. (son of Pete Catches), 86 Ceremony (Silko), 460 CERT. See Council of Energy Resource Tribes Chaffee, Adna, 337 Chakaucho Kama, 507 Charbonneau, Toussaint, 438 Charcoal, 87-88 Charlot, 88-89 Chase Wounded, 272 Chatto, Alfred, 89-91 Checote, Samuel, 234 Cher, 91-93 Cherokee Mounted Rifles, 534 , 58, 170, 435, 533 , 58, 170, 434, 453-454 Outbreak, 156, 552 Chihuahua, 333 Chiksika, 498 Chisholm, Jesse, 94 , 94 Chivington, John, 34, 50, 275 Cholera; and , 149; and Omahas, 264 Chona, Maria, 94-96 Civil War; and Boudinot, Elias Cornelius, 60; and Bowlegs, Billy, 63; and , 436; and Choctaws, 378; and Creeks, 390; and Isparhecher, 234; and Little Raven, 275; and Opothleyaholo, 350; and Parker, Ely Samuel, 360, 362; and Pitchlynn, Peter Perkins, 377; and Porter, Pleasant, 390; and Seminoles, 63; and , 26; and Watie, Stand, 533-534 Clark, George I., 97 Clark, William, 109, 268, 438, 525 Clarke, Peter Dooyentate, 96-97 Cleveland, Grover, 90 Clinch, Duncan, 10, 246 Clinton, Bill; and Deer, Ada Elizabeth, 135; and Looking Horse, Arvol, 286; and McDonald, Peter, 288 Clinton, DeWitt, 196 Cloud, Henry Roe, 97-98 Cobell v. Norton, 101 Cobell, Elouise, 99-102 , 102-105; and , 182; and Mangas Coloradas, 295; son of, 333 Cody, ; and Dumont, Gabriel, 158; Wild West Show, 11, 44, 466, 477 Cody, Iron Eyes, 106-107 Cogewea (Mourning Dove), 329 Cohoe, 226 Colorow, 107-108 Wars, 73 , 109 Connor, Patrick E., 26, 120 , 109-110, 118 Cook-Lynn, Elizabeth, 110-111 Coppermine expedition, 308 Copway, George, 111-112 Cornplanter, 52, 112-114, 410 , 115; and , James, 281; and Tarhe, 491 Corti, Espera (), 106 Costo, Jeannette Henry, 116 Costo, Rupert, 115-116 Council of Energy Resource Tribes, 287 Cradleboard Teaching Project, 442 Crashing Thunder, 116-117, 328 Crawford, William, 224, 497 , 21, 43, 117-125, 155, 472; and Crook, George, 400; and Gall, 173; and Hump, 227; in poetry, 3; and Short Bull, 457; and Two Moon, 515 Crazy Snake. See Harjo, Chitto Crazy-Sister-in-Law, 399 Creek War, 42, 171, 294, 353, 400, 402, 433, 536 Croghan, Catharine, 66 Crook, George; and American Horse, 11; and , 37, 90, 146, 336; and , 121; and Geronimo, 183, 245; and Lakotas, 121, 400; and , 475 Crow Allotment Act, 559 Crow Dog, 125-127, 472 Crow Dog, Henry, 127-128 Crow Dog, Leonard, 127-130 Crow Dog, Mary, 27, 129-130 Crowfoot, 130-131, 272 Culbertson, Alexander, 336 Curling Hair, 167 Curly, 131-132 Curtis, Charles, 80, 132-133 Cushing, Howard Bass, 245 Custer Died for Your Sins (Deloria), 145 Custer, George Armstrong, 131, 481; and Battle of Little Bighorn, 43, 122, 131, 172, 379, 400, 413, 465; and Bloody Knife, 53; and Crazy Horse, 121; and Crook, George, 400; death of, 404, 541; scouts of, 131, 546; attack, 50, 484 Cut Nose, 327

D Dade, Frank, 10, 246 Dalai Lama, 286 (film), 194, 195, 479, 545 Datsolalee, 134 Dawes Commission, 202, 391 Dawes Severalty Act, 100, 160, 374, 392 De Soto, Hernando. See Soto, Hernando de Deane, Charles, 382 Decora, Spoon, 135 DeCorti, Espera. See Cody, Iron Eyes Deer, Ada Elizabeth, 135-136 Deganawida, 18, 136-139; and Hiawatha, 212 Dekanisora, 2, 140 Delaware . See Neolin Delgadito, 23, 141 Deloria, Ella Cara, 78, 141-143 Deloria, Philip Joseph, 143-144 Deloria, Vine, Jr., 145-146; and Warrior, Clyde, 530; and White Hat, Albert, 545 Delshay, 146-147 DeMille, Cecil B., 106 Densmore, Frances, 216 Diné College, 208 Diphtheria, 428 Doak's Stand, Treaty of, 402 Dodge, Henry Chee, 147-148, 534 , 74, 226, 277, 484 Dohasan, 148-149 Donnaconna, 149-150 Dorris, Michael, 150-152, 163 Dorsey, James Owen, 77, 513 Dorst, Joseph, 90 Dozier, Edward Pasqual, 152-153 , 153-154, 528 Dreamer religion, 469 Dry Lips Oughta Move to Kapuskasing (Highway), 217 Dull Knife, 154-157, 279-280, 552 Dumont, Gabriel, 157-158

E Eagle Bear, 168 Eastman, Charles Alexander, 159-161 Eastman, Seth, 159 Eells, Cushing, 178 Eliot, John, 524 Elizabeth I, Queen, 249 Emathla, Charley, 9 Endicott, William C., 90 Ensinore, 370; death of, 371; sons of, 370 Erdrich, Louise, 151, 162-165 Eskiminzin, 146, 166 Etchoe, Battle of, 196 Evans, Andrew, 337 Evans, John, 74, 275 , 126, 472 Exposition of Indian Tribal Arts, 20

F Fallen Timbers, Battle of, 56, 85, 278, 491, 503 FBI. See Federal Bureau of Investigation Federal Bureau of Investigation, 22, 310, 369, 376, 509 Federal Writers' Project, 76 Fetterman, William J., 120 Fetterman massacre, 120, 154, 223, 227, 279, 408, 542 Fewkes Expedition, 334 Fillmore, Millard, 63 Flat Mouth, 166-168 Fletcher, Alice C., 263 Fools Crow, Frank, 168-169 Ford, Gerald, 169 Foreman, Stephen, 169-170 Forsyth, George A., 432 Forsyth, James W., 44 Forsyth, Thomas, 255 , Treaty of, 149 Fort Industry, Treaty of, 56 Fort Jackson, Treaty of, 42, 171 Fort Laramie Treaties, 155 Four Lakes, Battle of, 177 Francis, Josiah, 170-171; daughter of, 171 Francis, Milly Hayo, 170-172 Franklin, Benjamin, 138, 500 , 51, 56, 65, 198, 224, 385 Frobisher, Martin, 249, 251

G Gaines, Edmund, 10, 48, 247 Gall, 53, 122, 155, 172-174, 192; and Bloody Knife, 53; and , 466 Ganado Mucho, 174-175 Garakontie, Daniel, 175-176 Garland, Hamlin, 515 Garra Uprising, 176 Garra, Antonio, 13, 176-177 Garry, Spokane, 177-178 Garter Snake, 75 General Allotment Act, 392 General, Alexander, 178 George, Dan, 179 Geronimo, 90, 180-184, 520; and Betzinez, Jason, 37; and Juh, 245; and Naiche, 333; and Nana, 335 Geronimo: An American Legend (film), 479 , 11, 40, 125, 258; and Crow Dog, Leonard, 127; and Hump, 227; and , 256; and Red Cloud, 408; and Short Bull, 458; and Sioux, 412; and Tavibo, 494; and Two Strike, 516; and Wooden Leg, 552; and Wovoka, 467, 552, 554-555; and Young Man, 562 Giago, Tim, 185-186 Gibbon, John, 122, 541 Gilcrease, William Thomas, 186-187 Gingold, Dennis, 101 Glacier National Park, 327 Gladstone, James, 187-189 God Is Red (Deloria), 146 Godfroy, Francis, 189 Goes-Ahead, 400 Going for the Rain (Ortiz), 352 Gone, Fred P., 76 Goodbird, George, 525 Gorman, R. C., 190-191 Graham, John, 377 Granganimeo, 370; death of, 371 Grant, Ulysses S.; and , 503; and people, 240; and Parker, Ely Samuel, 362; and Pokagon, 385; and , 472; and , 502; and , 532 Grass, John, 191-192 Grattan, John, 110, 118-119 Greasy Grass, Battle of the, 43 Great Awakening, 344 Great Meadows, Battle of, 199 Great Sun, 192-193 Green Grow the Lilacs (Riggs), 422 Green Peach War, 234 Green, Rayna, 193-194 Greene, Graham, 194-195 Greenville, Treaty of, 56 Grenville, Richard, 371 Griever (Vizenor), 521 Grinnell, George, 36

H Hagler, 196-197 Hale, Albert, 287 Hale, Janet Campbell, 197-198 Half-King, 198-199 Hampton Institute, 5, 27, 77, 98, 216, 264, 330 Hancock, 199-200 Handsome Lake, 52, 114, 200-202, 359, 411 Hardin Butte, Battle of, 450 Hare, William, 144 Harjo, Chitto, 202-203 Harjo, Joy, 203-205 Harjo, Susan, 470 Harmar, Josiah, 56 Harney, William S., 110, 119, 472 Harper, Elijah, 206 Harris, Fred, 207 Harris, LaDonna, 206-207 Harrison, William Henry, 47, 189, 278, 491, 499, 504 Haskell, Harry L., 245 Haskell Institute, 98 Hatathli, Ned, 207-208 Hayes, Ira Hamilton, 209 , 21, 457 Heat-Moon, William Least, 210-211 Heersma, Anna, 38 Herrera, Joe H., 373 Hewett, Edgar, 20, 303-305, 373 Hewitt, John N. B., 211-212 Hiawatha, 18, 212-215; and Deganawida, 137 Hicks, Leonard, 58 High Forehead, 109-110 Higheagle, Robert Placidus, 215-217 Highway, Tomson, 195, 217-218 Hogan, Linda, 218-219 Hojmoseah Quahote, 231 Hokeah, Jack, 17, 219-220 Hole-in-the-Day, 167, 220-222 , 222-223 Hollow Horn Bear White Hat, Emily, 544 Hooker Jim, 84, 223-224 Hoover, Herbert, 133 Hopocan, 224-225, 544 Horseshoe Bend, Battle of, 312, 453, 537 Howard, Oliver Otis, 105, 182, 241 Howe, Oscar, 225-226, 451 Howling Wolf, 26, 226 Hoyt, Esther B., 373 Hudson's Bay Company, 15, 177, 308, 393, 415, 419 Hump, 118, 155, 226-227, 458 Hundred Slain, Battle of a, 408 Hunt, George, 227-228, 330 Hyde, George, 36

I

"I will fight no more forever," 242-243 IAA. See Indian Association of Alberta Ice, 431 IDA. See Indian Defense Association IDL. See Indian Defense League Ignacio, 228-229 IITC. See International Indian Treaty Council Indian Citizenship Act, 161 , 185 Indian Defense Association, 244 Indian Defense League, 178 Indian Journal, 392 Indian New Deal, 160 Act, 434 Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, 561 Indian Springs, Treaty of, 42, 290 Individual Indian Trust, 100-101 , 229-230, 273 International Indian Treaty Council, 31, 33 Irateba, 230-231 , 129, 222 Iroquois Confederacy, 18, 68, 140, 212, 457 Irving, John, 13 Isatai, 231, 365 Ishi, 232-233; film depiction of, 195 Isparhecher, 234; and Harjo, Chitto, 202 Isparhecher's War, 234 Ives, Joseph, 230 Iwo Jima, flag raising on, 209

J Jack of the Feathers, 349 Jackson, Andrew; and Black Hawk, 48; and Cherokees, 59, 433-434; and Creeks, 171, 312, 350, 537; and Ridge, Major, 417; and Seminoles, 9, 246, 294, 353; and , 453 Jailing of Cecelia Capture, The (Hale), 198 Jefferson, Thomas, 52, 138, 438; and Pawhuska, 368; and Pushmataha, 401 Jerome, Saint, 180 , 453 Johnson, Emily Pauline, 235-236 Johnson, Lyndon B., 530 Jones, Florence, 236-237 Jones, Peter, 237-238 Joseph the Younger, 238-244, 268, 557 Journeycake, Charles, 244 Juh, 244-246 Jumper, 246-247 Jumping Bull, 247-248, 272, 463; and , 347; and , 542

K Kalicho, 249-252 Kamiakin, 252-253, 325 Katlian, 253-254 Kennedy, Quentin, 196 Kennekuk, 254 Keokuk, 47, 254-256 Kicking Bear, 174, 256-258, 413, 458 , 149, 258-259, 446; and Stumbling Bear, 480 Kicking Bull, 39 Kills-in-the-Night, 399 King Fisher, 527 King Philip's War, 81, 306, 315, 342, 518, 524, 538 Kingsbury, Cyrus, 556 Kinzua Dam, 114 Five, 17, 19, 219, 324, 511 Kiowa Six, 17 Klah, Hosteen, 260-261 Klamath Reservation, 83, 223 Konkapot, John, 261 Konoka, 135 Kroeber, Alfred, 233 Kroeber, Theodora, 233 Kuo, Alex, 2

L LaDuke, Betty, 262 LaDuke, Vincent, 262 LaDuke, Winona, 262-263 La Flesche, Francis, 263, 267, 476 La Flesche, Joseph, 263-264, 267 La Flesche, Susan, 264-267 La Flesche, Susette or Josette, 264, 266-267, 476 Lake George, Battle of, 341 Lakota Journal, 185 Lakota Times, 185 Lakota Woman (Crow Dog), 27, 129-130 Lamberth, Royce C., 101 Lame Deer, 267-268 Lane, Ralph, 371-372 Lane, Willie, 17 Lannan, J. Patrick, 101 Lapwai Reservation, 239, 325, 541 Last of the , The (film), 479 Lawson, John, 200 Lawyer, 240, 268-269 , 74, 269-270 Lee, Robert E., 362 Left Hand the First, 270 Left Hand the Second, 271 Lewis and Clark expedition, 109, 438-440, 525 Lewis, Meriwether, 109, 268, 438, 525 Life Among the Piutes (Winnemucca), 551 Lincoln, Abraham, 231, 269-270; and Pokagam, 385 Lindebner, Father, 44 Little , 271-272 (film), 179 Little Bighorn, Battle of the, 43, 53, 131, 172, 413, 465, 547; and Crazy Horse, 122; and One Bull, 348; and Rain in the Face, 404; and White Bull, 542 Little Cloud, 10 Little Crow, 230, 272-274, 356, 527; and Mankato, 296 Little Priest, 274 Little Raven, 270-271, 275 Little Robe, 276-277 Little , 56, 277-278 's War, 491 Little Wolf, 154, 279-280, 516 Logan, James, 280-281, 457 Lololma, 495 , The, 462 Lone Wolf, 39, 41, 149, 269, 281-282; and Stumbling Bear, 480 Longest Walk, 31 Longhouse religion, 201 Looking Cloud, Arlo, 377 Looking Glass, 241, 282-284 Looking Horse, Arvol, 284-286 Lord Dunmore's War, 56, 85, 280, 491 "Lost Colony." See Roanoke colony Lurie, Nancy Oestreich, 328

M Mabila, Battle of, 492 Macdonald, John A., 419 MacDonald, Peter, 286-288 McGillivray, Alexander, 288-290; sister of, 536 McIntosh, Lachlin, 544 McIntosh, William, 290, 312, 350 McKenney, Thomas, 356 Mackenzie, R. S., 155, 279, 365 McKinley, William, 327 McKinnon, George, 170-171 McKrimm, Duncan, 170 McLaughlin, James, 192, 413, 466 McNickle, D'Arcy, 291-294 McQueen, Peter, 294, 353 Makes Room for Him, 347 Makes Room for Them, 542 Mangas Coloradas, 104, 295-296 Manitoba Act, 419 Mankato, 296-297 Mankiller, Wilma Pearl, 297-301 , 23, 141, 174, 301-303 Manuelito Cota, 177 Many Lightnings, 159 Martínez, Crescencio, 20, 303, 305 Martínez, Julián, 303-305; and Hokeah, 219; son of, 389 Martínez, María Antonía, 219, 303-305; son of, 389 Martínez, Maximiliana (Anna), 303 Massasoit, 305-307, 314, 442 Matheson, David, 100 Mato Tope, 307 Matonabbee, 308 Maus, Marion, 333 Mayflower, 306 Mean Spirit (Hogan), 218 Means, Russell, 31, 308-311, 530 Medical doctors; Eastman, Charles Alexander, 159-161; La Flesche, Susan, 264-265; Montezuma, Carlos, 322-323 Medicine Lodge; and Little Raven, 275 , 365; and Bent, George, 35; and Big Bow, 39; and Bull Bear, 74; and Cheyennes, 35, 74, 484; and , 502; and Kicking Bird, 258; and Kiowas, 39, 446, 448, 480; and Little Robe, 277; and Lone Wolf, 281; and Satank, 445; and , 448; and Stumbling Bear, 480; and , 484; and Ten Bears, 502 Medicine Pipe Stem, 87 Medicine, Bea, 311-312 Meech Lake Accord, 206 Meeker, Nathan C., 107 Meils, Nelson, 517 Mendota, Treaty of, 273 Men-Es-To-Kos, 336 Menewa, 290, 312-313 Metacomet, 12, 314-315, 538 Methoataske, 496 Mexican War, 23 Miantonomo, 82, 315-316; execution of, 518 Micanopy, 316-317, 547 Miles, Nelson, 122-123, 183, 242, 515, 562 Mills, Billy, 195, 317-318 Uprising, 274, 296 Modesto, Ruby, 319-320 Modoc War, 83, 223, 449-450, 549 Momaday, N. Scott, 320-322, 522; and Cook-Lynn, Elizabeth, 111 Monroe, James, 375; and Pushmataha, 402 Montezuma, Carlos, 322-324 Montoya, Alfredo, 303 Mooney, James, 480-481 Moore, James, 200 Mopope, Stephen, 17, 324-325 Morgan, George, 544 Morgan, , 323 , 13, 25, 109, 177, 531 Ceremony, 375 Moses, 325-326, 469 Mottin de la Balme, Augustin, 277 Mountain Chief, 326-327 Mountain Wolf Woman, 328 Mourning Dove, 329 Murie, James, 330-331 Musgrove, Mary, 331-332, 508 My People, the Sioux (Standing Bear), 477

N Nabokov, Peter, 515 Nader, Ralph, 262 Nah-de-yole, 333 Naiche, 333 Nakaidoklini, 333-334; death of, 337 Nampeyo, 334-335 Nana, 333, 335-336 Natawista, 336-337 Natchez Revolt, 192 National Coalition on Racism in Sports and tshe Media, 31, 33 National Congress of American Indians, 70, 145 National Indian Youth Council, 529-530 National Youth Administration, 70 Natiotish, 337-338 , 19, 117, 328, 512, 563 Native American Renaissance, 460 Community College, 208 Navajo Reservation, 260, 286-287, 535; establishment of, 23 Navajo War, 141, 301-302 NCAI. See National Congress of American Indians NCRSM. See National Coalition on Racism in Sports and the Media Neihardt, John, 43 Nemattanow, 349 Neolin, 338, 386 , Treaty of, 58-59, 418, 435, 510, 533 Newhouse, Seth, 212 Newton, Wayne, 339-340 , 238, 282-283, 515, 541, 557; nature of, 241 Ninham, Daniel, 341 Ninigret, 341-342 Nixon, Richard M., 71, 115 NIYC. See National Indian Youth Council Noch-ay-del-klinne, 183 Noka, 167 Norton, Gale, 101 NYA. See National Youth Administration

O Oakes, Richard, 342-343 Occom, Samson, 261, 344-345 , 345-346 Ogden Land Company, 411, 548 Oglethorpe, James, 331, 508 Okeechobee, Battle of, 10 Old Briton, 346-347 Old Northwest, 45 Old Smoke, 406 Ollokot, 241 Olympics; Campbell, Ben, 80; Mills, Billy, 317-318; Thorpe, Jim, 505 One Bull, 347-348; and White Bull, 542 One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest, 443 Opechancanough, 348-350, 394 Opitchepan, 394 Opothleyaholo, 312, 350-351; and Harjo, Chitto, 202 , 109, 407, 531 Ortiz, Simon, 351-352 Osceola, 10, 62, 246, 316, 352-355; and Arpeika, 16 Oshkosh, 355-356, 507 Otherday, John, 356-357 Ouray, 107, 229, 357-359 Outlaw Josie Wales, The (film), 179, 444 Owhi, 325 Owl Woman, 34

P Parker, Arthur Caswell, 359-360 Parker, Ely Samuel, 359-363 Parker, Quanah, 73, 231, 364-367 Passaconaway, 367 Pawhuska, 368 Peacemaker Center for Indian Youth, 31 Peltier, Leonard, 368-370, 376, 424, 509; and Banks, Dennis, 22 Pemisapan, 370-373 Peña, Tonita, 373 Penn, William, 489 Pequot War, 445, 518 Peratrovich, Elizabeth W., 374-375 Petalésharo, 375 Peyote; and Eastman, Charles Alexander, 161; and Shawnee, 473; and Sioux, 86, 127 , 346 Pictou Aquash, Anna Mae, 205, 376-377 Pierce, Michael, 81 Pike, Zebulon, 415, 527 Reservation; shootout, 22, 369, 509 Pitchlynn, John, 377 Pitchlynn, Peter Perkins, 377-378 Platero, Dillon, 208 Plenty Coups, 378-380, 399, 559 Plume, Thomas Long, 106 Plymouth pilgrims, 82, 306, 381, 442-443, 474 Pocahontas, 8, 194, 349, 380-383; in film, 28; legend of, 171; and , 396 Point Elliott Treaty, 452 Point Pleasant, Battle of, 56, 115, 281, 503 Pokagon, Leopold, 384; son of, 384 Pokagon, Simon, 384-385 Polk, James K., 361, 436 , 65, 84, 385-388, 456; and Neolin, 338 Pontiac's Rebellion; and Puckeshinwa, 497 Popé, 388-389 Popovi Da, 305, 389-390 Porter-Locklear, Freda, 391-392 Porter, Pleasant, 390-391 Posey, Alexander Lawrence, 392 Post, Wiley, 430 Pottery, Hano Polychrome, 334 Pottery, Pueblo, 304, 389 Poundmaker, 393 Powhatan, 349, 380, 394-399 PrairyErth (Heat-Moon), 210 Pratt, Richard Henry, 26, 37, 226, 323 "Praying towns," 523 Pretty Feather Woman, 347, 542 Pretty Shield, 399-400 and visionaries; Black Elk, 42-44; Deganawida, 136-139; Francis, Josiah, 170; Handsome Lake, 200-201; Kennekuk, 254; Nakaidoklini, 333; Neolin, 338; Riel, Louis, Jr., 418- 421; Smohalla, 469; Tavibo, 494; , 503-504; Wovoka, 552-555; , 560 Puckeshinwa, 496, 503 Puckhyahtoot, 469 Pueblo Revolt, 388 Pushmataha, 400-402 Putnam, Frederick Ward, 359

Q Qualchien, 325 Queen Anne, 402 Quinney, John W., 261, 403

R Radin, Paul, 328 Rain in the Face, 403-405 Ralegh, Walter, 371 Reagan, Ronald, 300 Red Bird, 405, 456 Red Cloud, 123, 405-410; and American Horse, 11; and Dull Knife, 156; and Hump, 227 Red Cloud's War, 120, 154; and American Horse, 11; and Hollow Horn Bear, 222; and Lakotas, 407; and Little Priest, 274; and Little Wolf, 279; and Rain in the Face, 403; and Two Moon, 515; and Two Strike, 516 Red Jacket, 52, 67, 113, 360, 410-411, 491 Red Plume, 87 Red River War, 26, 74, 226, 275, 277 Red Shoes, 411-412 Red Sticks, 294, 312, 353, 536 Red Tomahawk, Marcellus, 412-414 Reebok Human Rights Award, 262 Reifel, Ben, 414 Reno, Marcus A., 53, 172, 348, 465 Renville, Joseph, 415 Reynolds, John, 48 Reynolds, Joseph J., 121, 552 Ridge, John, 58-59, 417, 435, 533; murder of, 59 Ridge, John Rollin, 415-417 Ridge, Major, 59, 415-418, 533; murder of, 59 Riel, Louis, Jr., 38, 158, 418-421 Riel Rebellion, First, 38, 158, 419 Riel Rebellion, Second, 38, 131, 158, 393, 420; and Dumont, Gabriel, 157 Riggs, Lynn, 422 Roanoke colony, 371-372 Robertson, Robbie, 423-424 Rocky Boy, 424 Roessel, Robert, 208 Rogers, Will, 425-431 Rolfe, John, 397 Roman Nose, 431-433, 484 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 561 Roosevelt, Theodore; and Geronimo, 184; and Hollow Horn Bear, 223; and Mountain Chief, 327; and Parker, Quanah, 366 Rosebud Creek, Battle of, 400, 542 Ross, John, 59, 416, 418, 433-437, 533 Ross, Mary G., 437-438 Roybal, Alfonso, 303 Royer, D. F., 413 Ryga, George, 179

S Sacagawea, 438-441; compared to Pocahontas, 383 St. Clair, Arthur, 56 St. Louis Treaty of 1816, 135 Sainte-Marie, Buffy, 441-442 Samoset, 442-443 Sampson, Will, 443-444 San Carlos Apache Reservation, 70, 147, 182-183, 333, 519; raid on, 337 , 34, 49, 80 Sassacus, 444-445 Saswe, 144 Satank, 39, 41, 445-448; and Stumbling Bear, 480 Satanta, 39, 41, 149, 446-449; and Auchiah, 19; and Satank, 446; and Stumbling Bear, 480 Scarface Charlie, 449-450 Scholder, Fritz, 450-451 Scott, Hugh, 327 Scott, Winfield, 10, 247, 510 , 451-453 Second War, 547 , 9, 16, 62, 170, 313; and Alligator, 9; and Jumper, 246; and Micanopy, 316; and Osceola, 352 Senauki, 508 Sequoyah, 453-456; syllabary of, 170, 434 Sergeant, Elizabeth, 153 Sergeant, John, 261 Sexton, Daniel, 13 Shábona, 456 Shaker Church, 468 Shasta, Mount (Bulyum Puyuik), 237 Sheridan, Philip, 91 Sherman, William , 41, 365, 446 , 457; song of, 280 Shirland, Edmond, 296 Short Bull, 21, 413, 457-459 Sieber, Albert, 337 Sign language, 106, 327 Sihasapawin, 144 Sikyatki, 334 Silko, Leslie Marmon, 459-461; and Tapahonso, 490 Silverheels, Jay, 461-462 Sinte Gleska College, 351, 545 Sioux War, 408 Sisk-Franco, Caleen, 237 Sitgreaves, Lorenzo, 230 , 11 Sitting Bull, 379, 458, 462-468; and Bloody Knife, 53; and Gall, 172-173; and Grass, John, 192; and Higheagle, 216; and Hump, 227; and Jumping Bull, 247; and Little Assiniboine, 271; and Little Wolf, 279; murder of, 40, 348, 412-413; and One Bull, 347, 542; and Rain in the Face, 404; and Two Moon, 515; and Welch, William, 539; and White Bird, 541; and Wooden Leg, 552; and Yellow Wolf, 558 Slaves; enslaved Indians, 200, 315, 370, 442; escaped, 548; Indian ownership of, 171, 289, 316, 378, 433, 436; trade in, 73, 109, 199, 288, 336, 353, 474 Slocum, John, 468, 554 ; and , 13; and Catawbas, 196-197; and Cherokees, 346; and Chinooks, 109; in , 63; and Kiowas, 149; and Lakotas, 527; and , 307; and Mohawks, 501; and Mojaves, 231; and Ojibwas, 308; and Omahas, 264; and Ottawas, 387; and Pawnees, 375; and Pocahontas, 382 Smith, John, 380, 396 Smohalla, 469 Smoke Signals (film), 4, 25, 28 Smoked Meat Rebellion, 203 Smoky, Lois, 17 Snake, Reuben, 470-471 Society of American Indians, 323 "Song My Paddle Sings, The" (Johnson), 236 Sordo, El, 141 Soto, Hernando de, 491-493 Spotted Tail, 119, 123, 126, 471-472; murder of, 125; sister of, 118; and Two Strike, 516 Spybuck, Ernest, 472-473 Squanto, 25, 442, 473-475; film depiction of, 474; as a symbol, 383 Squanto: A Warrior's Tale (film), 474 Standing Bear, 263, 267, 475-476 Standing Bear, Luther, 476-477 Standing Bear v. Crook, 475-476 Star Chief Carleton, 295 Steele, Samuel, 88 Steptoe, Edward, 177 Strikes-with-an-Ax, 399 Studi, Wes, 478-479 Stumbling Bear, 258, 479-480; cousin of, 448 Suicide; Dorris, Michael, 163; Matonabbee, 308; Satanta, 41, 449 Sullivan-Clinton campaign, 52, 66 Summit Springs, Battle of, 485 , 231, 365, 458, 481; and Crows, 559; description of, 85; and Lakota, 128; and Lakota, 85, 168, 517; and One Bull, 347; and Sioux, 127; and Sword, George, 483; and tourism, 311 Sweezy, Carl, 480-481 Swimmer, 481-482 Swimmer, Ross, 299 Sword, George, 483-484

T Taft, William H., 91, 327 Tall Bull, 74, 484-485 Tallchief, Maria, 485-489 Tammany, 489 Tapahonso, Luci, 489-490 Tarhe, 490-491 Tascalusa, 491-494 Tavibo, 494-495; and Wovoka, 553 Tawaquaptewa, 495-496 Taylor, Zachary, 10 Taza, 333 Tecumseh, 5, 47, 168, 496-499; and Black Hawk, 47; and Francis, Josiah, 170; and Shábona, 456; and Tenskwatawa, 503; and Tomah, 507; and Weatherford, William, 537 Tecumseh's Rebellion, 85, 168, 170-171, 384, 491, 507; and Godfory, Francis, 189 , 499-500 Tekakwitha, Kateri, 500-501 Ten Bears, 269, 502 Tendoy, 26, 502-503 Tenskwatawa, 168, 498, 503-504; and Kennekuk, 254 Terrazas, Colonel, 335 Terry, Alfred H., 465 Rangers; and Comanches, 73, 364; and Kiowas, 258 Thames, Battle of the, 456, 499 Thiebaud, Wayer, 451 Thomas, William Holland, 481, 560 Thomas-Wright Massacre, 450 Thompson, A. R., 10 Thornburgh, T. T., 107 Thorpe, Jim, 505-506 Thunderbirds, 86 Tibbles, Thomas H., 263, 267, 475 Tiger, Jerome R., 506-507 Tippecanoe, Battle of, 499, 504 Toclanny, Rogers, 91 Tomah, 355, 507 Tomochichi, 507-508 "," (Jay Silverheels), 461 Toohoolhoolzote, 241 Trail of Broken Treaties, 22, 30, 32, 310, 376; and Studi, Wes, 479 , 170, 418, 435, 455, 510, 533 Trudell, John, 508-509 , 510-511 Tsatoke, Monroe, 17, 325, 511-512 Tshimakain Mission, 178 Tuhbenahneeguay, 238 Turkey Foot, 278 Turtle, 525 Tutu, Desmond, 286, 369 Twisted Hair, 268 Two Crows, 512-513 Two Leggings, 514-515 Two Moon, 515-516 (uncle of Two Moon), 515 Two Strike, 516-517 Tyon, Thomas, 517-518

U Uncas, 82, 316, 445, 518-519 Underhill, Ruth, 95 Union Pacific Railroad, 431, 516

V Van Buren, Martin, 59, 418, 533 Velarde, Pablita, 373 Vestal, Stanley, 217, 542 , 519-520; and Juh, 245; and Nana, 335 Vigil, Romando, 303 Vizenor, Gerald, 233, 520-523

W Waban, 523-525 Wabash River, Battle of the, 278 Wagon Box fight, 542 Wahbanosay, 238 Waheenee, 525-526 Walker, Elkahah, 178 Walker, James R., 484, 517 Walker, William, 97 Walsh, Thomas, 559 Wapasha, Joseph, 526-527 War chiefs; Annawan, 12; Barboncito, 23; Bear Hunter, 25; Big Bear, 38; Big Bow, 39; Big Tree, 41; Black Hawk, 45-48; Blue Jacket, 55-56; Cochise, 102-105; Cornplanter, 112-114; Cornstalk, 115; Crazy Horse, 117-124; Gall, 172-173; Geronimo, 180-184; Godfroy, Francis, 189; Hooker Jim, 223; Hopocan, 224; Howling Wolf, 226; Hump, 226; Joseph the Younger, 238-243; Juh, 244- 245; Jumper, 246; Kamiakin, 252; Keokuk, 254-255; Little Turtle, 277-278; Little Wolf, 279; Mangas Coloradas, 295; Manuelito, 301-302; Menewa, 312-313; Natiotish, 337; Oconostota, 345; Pontiac, 385-387; Poundmaker, 393; Rain in the Face, 403-404; Red Bird, 405; Red Shoes, 411; Satank, 445-446; Sitting Bull, 462-467; Stumbling Bear, 479; Tecumseh, 496-498; Teedyuscung, 499; Tendoy, 502; Two Crows, 512-513; Victorio, 519; Washakie, 531; Weatherford, William, 536-537; Wildcat, 547; Yellow Wolf, 557 , 417; and Black Hawk, 47; and Choctaws, 400; and Comcomly, 109; and Lakota, 527; and , 355; and Miamis, 189; and Ojibwas, 168, 220; and Osages, 368; and Renville, Joseph, 415; and Sauk and Fox, 255; and Senecas, 52; and Sequoyah, 453; and Shábona, 456; and Tarhe, 490; and Tecumseh, 498; and Tenskwatawa, 504; and Tomah, 507; and Williams, Eleazar, 548 Ward, Nancy, 154, 298, 527-528 Warden, Cleaver, 330 Warren, Henry, 446 Warren, William W., 528-529 Warrior, Clyde, 529-531 Washakie, 26, 531-532; and Tendoy, 503 , Booker T., 77 Washington, George, 56; and Blacksnake, 52; and Cornplanter, 114; and Crawford, William, 224; and Half-King, 199; and Red Jacket, 361, 410 Washita River, 50; Battle of, 277 Wasitani, 510 Wassaja, 116 Watie, Stand, 60, 532-534 Wauneka, Annie Dodge, 148, 534-536 Wawequa, 316 Wayne, Anthony, 85, 278, 491, 503 Wayne, "Mad" Anthony, 56 Weatherford, William, 312, 350, 536-537 Weedon, Frederick, 354 Weetamoo, 538 Weewish Tree, 116 Welch, James, 538-540 WELRP. See White Earth Land Recovery Project White, Dane Michael, 522 White, Joseph, 97 White Bird, 241, 541 Calf Woman legend, 284 White Bull, 348, 541-543 White Cloud, 48, 543 White Corn, 525 White Earth Land Recovery Project, 262 , 543-544 White Hat, Albert, 544-545 White Hawk, Thomas James, 522 White Horse, 74 White Man Runs Him, 545-547 White Sticks, 537 Wildcat, 316, 547-548 Wilde, William, 88 Wildschut, William, 514 William Berkeley, 402 Williams, Eleazar, 356, 548-549 Wilson, Denny (Deni), 29 Wilson, Dick, 376 Wilson, Gilbert, 525 Wilson, Woodrow, 223, 327 Wind Woman, 75 Winema, 84, 549 Winnebago Uprising, 405, 456 Winnemucca, Sarah, 550-551 Withlacoochee, First Battle of the, 354 Wolf Chief, 525 Wood Lake, Battle of, 296 Wooden Leg, 552 Worcester, Samuel, 59, 170, 454 Works Progress Administration, 55, 225, 373 , 40, 413, 467, 555 Wounded Knee occupation, 310; and Bellecourt, Clyde H., 31; and Bellecourt, Vernon, 32; and Fools Crow, Frank, 169; and Pictou Aquash, Anna Mae, 376 Wovoka, 458, 552-556; and Ghost Dance, 466, 495; and Kicking Bear, 256 Wozencraft, O. N., 13 WPA. See Works Progress Administration Wright, Allen, 556-557 Wright, George, 178, 253, 325

X

Y Yakima War, 177, 252, 269 Yellow Wolf, 73, 557-558 Yellowtail, Robert, 558-560 Yezzie, Allen, 208 Yonaguska, 560-561 Young Bear, 561 Young Man Afraid of His Horses, 561-562 Young Warrior, 196 Yukioma, 495

Z Zotom, Paul, 26, 226, 562-563