Appendix G to the Administrative Fairness
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Hamas: Background and Issues for Congress
Hamas: Background and Issues for Congress December 2, 2010 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41514 Hamas: Background and Issues for Congress Summary This report and its appendixes provide background information on Hamas, or the Islamic Resistance Movement, and U.S. policy towards it. It also includes information and analysis on (1) the threats Hamas currently poses to U.S. interests, (2) how Hamas compares with other Middle East terrorist groups, (3) Hamas’s ideology and policies (both generally and on discrete issues), (4) its leadership and organization, and (5) its sources of assistance. Finally, the report raises and discusses various legislative and oversight options related to foreign aid strategies, financial sanctions, and regional and international political approaches. In evaluating these options, Congress can assess how Hamas has emerged and adapted over time, and also scrutinize the track record of U.S., Israeli, and international policy to counter Hamas. Hamas is a Palestinian Islamist military and sociopolitical movement that grew out of the Muslim Brotherhood. The United States, Israel, the European Union, and Canada consider Hamas a terrorist organization because of (1) its violent resistance to what it deems Israeli occupation of historic Palestine (constituting present-day Israel, West Bank, and Gaza Strip), and (2) its rejection of the off-and-on peace process involving Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since the early 1990s. Since Hamas’s inception in 1987, it has maintained its primary base of political support and its military command in the Gaza Strip—a territory it has controlled since June 2007—while also having a significant presence in the West Bank. -
Backgrounder on Hamas
APPENDIX F International Relief Fund for the Afflicted and Needy (Canada) Backgrounder on Hamas Appendix F – Backgrounder on Hamas1 Hamas is a radical Sunni terrorist organization that employs political and violent means to pursue the goal of establishing an Islamic Palestinian state in Israel.2 The origins of the movement lie with the Muslim Brotherhood,3 an Islamist organization founded in Egypt in 1928, and led by early Islamist figures such as Hassan el-Banna and Sayyid Qutb. Starting in 1967 and continuing throughout the 1970’s, the Palestinian branch of the Brotherhood gained popularity amongst the people of Gaza via communal activism, religious preaching and education.4 With the outbreak of the first intifada5 against Israel in 1987, the Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood moved beyond its basis as a social and religious group establishing Hamas as an Islamist alternative to the secular nationalist resistance led by the PLO. Through its Charter, Hamas clearly states its objectives of establishing an Islamic state in all of Palestine. To realize this goal, the organization relies upon the use of violent jihad, the education of the Palestinian population in its Islamist ideology, providing social services, and promoting the liberation of the “Palestinian land” as an individual duty of Muslims everywhere. Objectives, Strategies, and Structure In its Charter, Hamas describes itself as a “distinct Palestinian Movement which owes its loyalty to Allah, derives from Islam its way of life and strives to raise the banner of Allah over every inch -
THE CHALLENGE of GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications
BROOKINGS 1775 Massachusetts Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20036-2103 www.brookings.edu ANALYSIS PAPER Number 23, July 2011 THE CHALLENGE OF GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications Daniel Byman Gad Goldstein ANALYSIS PAPER Number 23, July 2011 THE CHALLENGE OF GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications Daniel Byman Gad Goldstein The Brookings Institution is a private non-profit organization. Its mission is to conduct high-quality, independent research and, based on that research, to provide innovative, practical recommendations for policymakers and the public. The conclusions and recommendations of any Brookings publication are solely those of its author(s), and do not reflect the views of the Institution, its management, or its other scholars. Brookings recognizes that the value it provides to any supporter is in its absolute commitment to quality, independence and impact. Activities supported by its donors reflect this commitment and the analysis and recommendations are not determined by any donation. Copyright © 2011 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 www.brookings.edu Table of Contents Executive Summary . iv Acknowledgements . ix The Authors . x Introduction . 1 The Nature of the Challenge in Gaza . 3 Factors Beyond Gaza to Consider . 18 Policy Options . 24 THE CHALLENGE OF GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications The Saban Center at BRooKings iii Executive Summary lthough both the United States and Israel Hamas draws on many resources to stay in power . devote tremendous attention to the Middle Most notably, Hamas has long exploited its infra- East peace process, the Gaza Strip and its structure of mosques, social services, and communi- HamasA government have continued to vex Ameri- ty organizations to raise money and attract recruits . -
Chapter 7 of Understanding Islamic Charities
CHAPTER SEVEN HAMAS RESISTANCE AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF PALESTINIAN SOCIETY* HAIM MALKA Introduction For the Islamic movement Hamas, “resistance” is a way of life. It defines the movement, as its name-Islamic Resistance Movement-suggests, and drives its all-encompassing strategy to establish an Islamic Palestine through the transformation of society. Though the term resistance is most commonly associated with terrorism, for Hamas it is a comprehensive concept embracing military, social, and political activity. Resistance is a rejection of the status quo and an alternative paradigm to the secular-nationalist agenda of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in every sphere of Palestinian life.1 At the core of this strategy is a diverse network of social welfare institutions linked by personal relationships, shared values, and common interests. This network is most advanced in the Gaza Strip, where the Muslim Brotherhood built an independent infrastructure, as opposed to the movement in the West Bank which was closely linked to the Brotherhood’s Jordanian branch. The network of charitable organizations and services, not unique to Hamas, has not only been an important platform for spreading the movement’s version of Islam but has also provided a supportive infrastructure for military operatives to exploit and has been a major factor in the movement’s electoral victories.2 While political action and military operations may be tactics in pursuit of their overall goals, Hamas’ social services are the key to its broader strategy of transforming society. The movement cannot exist without * Haim Malka is deputy director and senior fellow with the Middle East program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). -
Islamic Relief Charity / Extremism / Terror
Islamic Relief Charity / Extremism / Terror meforum.org Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3 From Birmingham to Cairo �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4 Origins ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 7 Branches and Officials ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 9 Government Support ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 17 Terror Finance ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 20 Hate Speech ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 25 Charity, Extremism & Terror ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 29 What Now? �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 Executive Summary What is Islamic Relief? Islamic Relief is one of the largest Islamic charities in the world. Founded in 1984, Islamic Relief today maintains -
The Palestinian Zakat Committees 1993–2007 and Their Contested Interpretations
PSIO Occasional Paper 1/2008 The Palestinian Zakat Committees 1993–2007 and Their Contested Interpretations Jonathan Benthall The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not reflect the views of the PSIO and the Graduate Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID). In principle, permission will be granted, free of charge, provided full reference is given to the original work and to the author concerned. Copyright 2008, IHEID, CH - Geneva ISBN 978-2-940415-05-2 2 Foreword The Graduate Institute of International Studies created the PSIO in 1994 to facilitate collaboration between the international and academic communities in Geneva and worldwide. It is both a research programme and a forum to stimulate discussions between academics and policy makers within the environment of the Graduate Institute in Geneva. For ten years, the PSIO has been steadily expanding and diversifying its activities. In September 2005, it launched, with the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, Political Division IV (DFA-PD IV), the project ‘Religion and Politics: Initiatives and Applied Research’, aimed at making an effective contribution to transforming conflicts in which religious and political factors are deeply interconnected and developing a platform of knowledge and expertise in this field. Since then, the project is being implemented through both operational and research activities, touching upon a variety of topics and situations worldwide. -
The Union of Good: a Global Muslim Brotherhood Hamas Fundraising Network January 19, 2009
The Union of Good: A Global Muslim Brotherhood Hamas Fundraising Network www.nefafoundation.org January 19, 2009 Steve Merley, Senior Analyst The NEFA Foundation Synopsis The Union of Good is a coalition of Islamic charities that provides financial support to both the Hamas social infrastructure, as well as its terrorist activities. It is headed by global Muslim Brotherhood leader Youssef Qaradawi, and most of the trustees and member organizations are associated with the global Muslim Brotherhood. The Union of Good was banned by Israel in 2002 and was recently designated a terrorist entity by the United States, although neither Youssef Qaradawi nor any of the Trustees were similarly designated. Despite the fact that action has been taken against some of its member organizations in Europe, many of its other European member organizations continue to operate. Further, the Union of Good itself does not appear to be under investigation in Europe. Background According to the U.S. Treasury Department, the coalition of Islamic charities known as the Union of Good (UG) was established in late 2000 shortly after the outbreak of the 2nd Palestinian Intifada.1 2 3 4 A UG webpage said that on May 15, 2001, the anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel, the UG launched a human relief campaign called the 101 Days Campaign, Union of Good Logo led by global Muslim Brotherhood leader Youssef Qaradawi, who was described as the Rector of the UG.5 6 7 The webpage 1 A.K.A.s: Charity Coalition, Coalition of Good, I'tilaf Al-Khair, I'tilaf Al-Khayr, -
An Anti-Israel Coalition, Some of Whose Members Organized the Mavi Marmara Flotilla, Were Encouraged by Its Results
The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center September 6, 2010 An anti-Israel coalition, some of whose members organized the Mavi Marmara flotilla, were encouraged by its results. It is currently promoting a new series of projects to embarrass and isolate Israel. They include an upgraded flotilla and a plane to the Gaza Strip. עיקרי המסמך A Facebook invitation to a Free Palestine Movement fundraiser for a series of new anti-Israel projects. The organization is affiliated with the Free Gaza Movement, which played a major role in the Mavi Marmara flotilla in close collaboration with the Turkish IHH, and which is an important factor in new projects planned against Israel. 227-10 2 Overview 1. Accumulated information indicates that the anti-Israel coalition behind the Mavi Marmara flotilla to the Gaza Strip has spent the past three months promoting plans for new projects as part of a general campaign to smear Israel and erode its legitimacy. The projects include sending an upgraded flotilla (with more ships, more activists, more media personnel and more celebrities) and sending a plane to the Gaza Strip. All of the above are meant to raise the action threshold. 2. The anti-Israel coalition is ideologically heterogeneous, united by its hostility to Israel and desire to challenge and embarrass it to promote what it represents as "the rights of the Palestinians." In reality, it often promotes Hamas' political agenda in opposition to the interests of the Palestinian Authority. 3. At the coalition's ideological poles are, on the one hand, radical Islamic organizations and activists. -
Hamas: Background and Issues for Congress
Hamas: Background and Issues for Congress Jim Zanotti Analyst in Middle Eastern Affairs December 2, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41514 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Hamas: Background and Issues for Congress Summary This report and its appendixes provide background information on Hamas, or the Islamic Resistance Movement, and U.S. policy towards it. It also includes information and analysis on (1) the threats Hamas currently poses to U.S. interests, (2) how Hamas compares with other Middle East terrorist groups, (3) Hamas’s ideology and policies (both generally and on discrete issues), (4) its leadership and organization, and (5) its sources of assistance. Finally, the report raises and discusses various legislative and oversight options related to foreign aid strategies, financial sanctions, and regional and international political approaches. In evaluating these options, Congress can assess how Hamas has emerged and adapted over time, and also scrutinize the track record of U.S., Israeli, and international policy to counter Hamas. Hamas is a Palestinian Islamist military and sociopolitical movement that grew out of the Muslim Brotherhood. The United States, Israel, the European Union, and Canada consider Hamas a terrorist organization because of (1) its violent resistance to what it deems Israeli occupation of historic Palestine (constituting present-day Israel, West Bank, and Gaza Strip), and (2) its rejection of the off-and-on peace process involving Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since the early 1990s. Since Hamas’s inception in 1987, it has maintained its primary base of political support and its military command in the Gaza Strip—a territory it has controlled since June 2007—while also having a significant presence in the West Bank. -
The Muslim Brotherhood's Global Threat Hearing
THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD’S GLOBAL THREAT HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JULY 11, 2018 Serial No. 115–90 Printed for the use of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov http://oversight.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 31–367 PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 VerDate Nov 24 2008 16:00 Nov 02, 2018 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 H:\31367.TXT APRIL KING-6430 with DISTILLER COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM Trey Gowdy, South Carolina, Chairman John J. Duncan, Jr., Tennessee Elijah E. Cummings, Maryland, Ranking Darrell E. Issa, California Minority Member Jim Jordan, Ohio Carolyn B. Maloney, New York Mark Sanford, South Carolina Eleanor Holmes Norton, District of Columbia Justin Amash, Michigan Wm. Lacy Clay, Missouri Paul A. Gosar, Arizona Stephen F. Lynch, Massachusetts Scott DesJarlais, Tennessee Jim Cooper, Tennessee Virginia Foxx, North Carolina Gerald E. Connolly, Virginia Thomas Massie, Kentucky Robin L. Kelly, Illinois Mark Meadows, North Carolina Brenda L. Lawrence, Michigan Ron DeSantis, Florida Bonnie Watson Coleman, New Jersey Dennis A. Ross, Florida Raja Krishnamoorthi, Illinois Mark Walker, North Carolina Jamie Raskin, Maryland Rod Blum, Iowa Jimmy Gomez, Maryland Jody B. Hice, Georgia Peter Welch, Vermont Steve Russell, Oklahoma Matt Cartwright, Pennsylvania Glenn Grothman, Wisconsin Mark DeSaulnier, -
Information Bulletin
Special Information February 2005 Bulletin Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center at the Center for Special Studies (C.S.S) The Union of Good: an umbrella organization comprised of more than 50 Islamic charitable funds and foundations worldwide. It in fact channels “charity” money and provides other items for Hamas-affiliated institutions in the Palestinian Authority-administered territories, contributing to sustaining the support- system infrastructure of Palestinian terrorism through the so-called financial jihad. Part of a Union of Good (UG) table of shaheeds, including suicide bombers in Israeli cities. It designates the allocations of funds to their families through the Hamas-affiliated Islamic “charitable society” Al-Tadhamun in Nablus. The society is headed by sheikh Hamid al-Bitawi, a prominent Hamas figure in the West Bank and one of the representatives of “ Palestine” on the UG board of trustees. The UG is headed by sheikh Yussuf al-Qardawi, a renowned extremist Sunni Muslim scholar, who issued a Muslim religious edict [fatwa] permitting women to perpetrate suicide bombing attacks against Israel. The UG is run by ‘Essam Yussuf, a prominent figure in Interpal, the most important British-based component of the UG. Summary The Union of Good was established in October 2000, immediately after the outbreak of the ongoing violent Palestinian-Israeli confrontation – with the involvement of Hamas leadership. It was set up to serve as an umbrella organization for global fundraising for the Palestinians in the Palestinian Authority (PA)-administered territories, and continues operating to this day. The UG is headed by Dr. Yussuf al- Qardawi, a renowned extremist Sunni Muslim scholar, who issued a Muslim religious edict (fatwa) authorizing suicide bombing attacks (including by women) against Israel. -
United States District Court Eastern District of New York ------X
Case 1:05-cv-04622-DLI-RML Document 65 Filed 09/27/06 Page 1 of 51 PageID #: <pageID> UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK -------------------------------------X Tzvi Weiss, Leib Weiss, Malka Weiss, CV-05-4622 Yitzchk Weiss, Yeruchaim Weiss, Esther (CPS) Deutsch, Larry Carter, Adam Averbach, David Averbach, Devir Averbach, Julie Averbach, Maida Averbach, Michael Averbach, MEMORANDUM Sean Averbach, Steven Averbach, Tamir OPINION Averbach, Katherine Baker, Anna Beer, AND Harry Leonard Beer, Rebekah Blutstein, ORDER Richard Blutstein, Estelle Carroll, Larry Carter for the Estate of Diane Leslie Carter, Jacqueline Chambers, Shaun Coffel, Robert Coulter, Robert L. Coulter, Jr., Robert L. Coulter, Sr., Chana Freedman, Greta Geler, Eugene Goldstein, Lorraine Goldstein, Michael Goldstein, Richard Goldstein, Nevenka Gritz, Levana Cohen Harooch, Barbara Ingardia, Gloria Kushner, Phyllis Maisel, Dianne Coulter Miller, Shaina Chava Nadel, Chana Nathansen, Matanya Nathansen, Matanya and Chana Nathansen, Shoshana Nathansen, Yehudit Nathansen, Blumy Rom, Daniel Rozenstein, Eileen Sapadin, Julia Rozenstein Schon, Eric M. Singer, Judith Singer, Sarri Anne Singer, Amichai Steinmetz, Deborah Steinmetz, Jacob Steinmetz, Natanel Steinmetz, Nava Steinmetz, Orit Steinmetz, David Toporowitch, Hezekial Toporowitch, Pearl B. Toporowitch, Rivka Toporowitch, Yehuda Toporowitch, Plaintiffs, - against - National Westminster Bank PLC, Defendant. -------------------------------------X SIFTON, Senior Judge. Plaintiffs, United States citizens, and several estates, survivors and heirs of United States citizens, who have been Case 1:05-cv-04622-DLI-RML Document 65 Filed 09/27/06 Page 2 of 51 PageID #: <pageID> - 2 - victims of terrorist attacks in Israel, bring this action against defendant, National Westminster Bank, PLC (“NatWest”) alleging that defendant is civilly liable for damages payable to them pursuant to 18 U.S.C.