Thematic Area

ANNUAL REPORT 2019-20 (April 2019-March 2020)

APR SUMMARY

Name of the KVK:ICAR Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ariyalur District, Tamil Nadu

1. Technology Assessment

No. of Technology Category No. of Trials No. of Farmers Assessed & Refined Technology Assessed Crops 8 30 30 Livestock ------Various enterprises ------Total 8 30 30 Technology Refined Crops ------Livestock ------Various enterprises ------Total ------Grand Total 8 30 30

2. Frontline demonstrations

No. of Details Area (ha) Units/Animals Farmers/Locations Oilseeds 50 20 --- Pulses 35 14 --- Cereals 10 4 --- Millets 5 2 --- Vegetables 25 8.2 --- Fruits 5 2 --- Other crops 5 2 --- Total 135 52.2 --- Livestock & Fisheries 23 --- 20 animals Other enterprises 5 --- 20 farmers/group Total 28 --- Grand Total 163 52.2

3. Training Programmes

Total Clientele No. of Courses Male Female participants Farmers & farm women 98 2,050 1038 3,088 Rural youths 17 316 171 487 Extension functionaries 9 255 68 323 Sponsored Training 3 93 30 123 Vocational Training 8 141 34 175 Total 135 2,855 1341 4,196

4. Extension Programmes

Category No. of Programmes Total Participants Extension activities 446 8,468 Other extension activities 503 Mass Total 949 8,468 + Mass

5. Mobile Advisory Services

Message Other Crop Livestock Weather Marketing Awareness Total Type enterprise Text only 20 28 - - 4 33 85 Voice only ------Voice & Text ------Total 20 28 - - 4 33 85

6. Seed & Planting Material Production

Quintal/Number Value Rs. Seed (q) 4.31 2,28,675 Planting material (No.) 2,65,815 9,12,950 Bio-Products (kg) 6,256 3,68,050 Livestock Production (No.) 522 2,50,000 Fishery production (No.) ------

7. Soil, water & plant Analysis

Samples No. of Beneficiaries Value (Rs.) Soil 360 18,000 Water 57 1,690 Plant ------Total 417 19,690

8. HRD and Publications

Sr. No. Category Number 1 Workshops - 2 Conferences 1 3 Meetings - 4 Trainings for KVK officials 9 5 Visits of KVK officials 3 6 Book published 1 7 Training Manual 2 8 Book chapters - 9 Research papers 1 10 Lead papers - 11 Seminar papers - 12 Extension folder 12 13 Proceedings - 14 Award & recognition 1 15 On going research projects -

DETAILED PROGRESS REPORT 2019-20

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE KVK

1.1. Name and address of KVK with phone, fax and e-mail a) Name of the KVK : Ariyalur KVK b) Address : ICAR Krishi Vigyan Kendra, (Hosted by CREED) Cholamadevi Post, Jayankondam (Via), Udayarpalayam Taluk, Ariyalur District, Tamil Nadu – 612902 c) Landline Phone No. : --- d) Fax No. : --- e) Official Mobile No. : 9751280089 f) email ID : [email protected] [email protected]

1.2 .Name and address of host organization with phone, fax and e-mail a) Name of the Host Organization : Centre for Rural Education and Economic Development (CREED) b) Address : 23, Aranganathan Nagar, Near Chinna Market Chidambaram – 608001, Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu c) Landline Phone No. : 04144-224987 d) Fax No. : --- e) Official mobile No. : 9443262222 f) email ID : [email protected]

1.3. Name of the Programme Coordinator with phone & mobile No. a) Name : Dr.G.Alagukannan b) Phone - residence : --- c) Mobile : 9629246586 d) email ID : [email protected]

1.4. Year of sanction: 2009

1.5. Staff Position (as on 31th March, 2020) Discipline Edn. Specialization Pay Scale Present Category Name of the Designation Date of Permanent 4 Sanctioned post (eg. Qualification (if applicable) (Rs.) basic (SC/ST/ OBC/ incumbent (eg. SMS) joining /Temporary Agronomy) (eg.M.Sc.(Agri) eg.Agronomy (Rs.) Others) 1 Programme Dr.G.Alagukannan Senior Horticulture M.Sc.(Horti.) Horticulture Rs.37,400- 52,250 02.11.15 Permanent OBC Coordinator Scientist & Ph.D Rs.67,000 Head 2 Subject Matter A.Rajkala Subject Agricultural M.Sc.(Agri) Rs.15600- 28,250 22.06.09 Permanent OBC Agricultural Specialist Matter Extension Rs.39100 Extension Specialist 3 Subject Matter Y.Raja Joslin Subject Horticulture M.Sc.(Horti.) Rs.15600- 27,420 01.07.10 Permanent OBC Specialist Matter Horticulture Rs.39100 Specialist 4 Subject Matter M.Ashok Kumar Subject Plant M.Sc.(Agri) Rs.15600- 22,950 02.01.17 Permanent OBC Plant Specialist Matter Protection Rs.39100 Protection Specialist 5 Subject Matter M.Thirumalaivasan Subject Agronomy M.Sc.(Agri) Rs.15600- 21,630 15.10.18 Permanent OBC Specialist Matter Agronomy Rs.39100 Specialist 6 Subject Matter Dr.K.Karthik Subject Animal M.V.Sc., Ph.D Rs.15600- 21,000 01.02.20 Permanent OBC Animal Specialist Matter Science Rs.39100 Science Specialist 7 Subject Matter S.Shobana Subject Home M.Sc.,(FRM) Home Science Rs.15600- 22,950 02.01.17 Permanent OBC Specialist Matter Science Rs.39100 Specialist 8 Programme Assistant S.Arivuselvi PA (Lab Agriculture M.Sc. (Agri) Seed Rs.9300- 14,760 02.01.17 Permanent OBC Technician) Technology Rs.34800 9 Computer Programmer B.Vivekananthan PA Computer M.C.A. Computer Rs.9300- 19,440 01.07.09 Permanent OBC (Computer Applications Application Rs.34800 Programmer) 10 Farm Manager S.Prabu PA (Farm Horticulture B.Sc. (Horti) Horticulture --- 13,500 01.06.19 Permanent OBC Manager) 11 Accountant / V.Ramani Assistant Computer M.C.A. Computer Rs.9300- 14,760 02.01.17 Permanent OBC Superintendent Applications Application Rs.34800 12 Stenographer Vacant Stenographer ------13 Driver P.Govindasami Driver --- 10th --- Rs.5200- 10,880 22.06.09 Permanent OBC Rs.20200 14 Driver P.Sivaraman Driver --- B.Com Commerce Rs.5200- 9,160 01.11.11 Permanent OBC Rs.20200 15 Supporting staff R.Velu Supporting --- 8th --- Rs.5200- 9,440 22.06.09 Permanent OBC Staff Rs.20200 16 Supporting staff S.Balu Supporting --- 8th --- Rs.5200- 9,440 22.06.09 Permanent SC Staff Rs.20200

1.6. Total land with KVK (in ha) (Consolidated figure):

S. No. Item Area (ha) 1 Under Buildings 0.13 2 Under Demonstration Units 0.02 3 Under Crops 5.76 4 Orchard/Agro-forestry 12.86 5 Others (specify) 1.24 Total 20.01

1.7. Infrastructural Development:

A) Buildings

Stage Complete Incomplete Status of Source of S.No. Name of building Plinth Plinth construction funding Completion Expenditure Starting area area (Completed/ in Date (Rs. In Lakhs) Date (Sq.m) (Sq.m) progress/ to be initiated) 1 Administrative ICAR 31.03.2011 550 71.75381 ------Building 2 Farmers Hostel ICAR 31.03.2011 305 49.77500 ------3 Staff Quarters (No.) 1 ICAR 31.03.2011 399.96 55.58500 ------2 ICAR 3 ICAR 4 ICAR 5 ICAR 6 ICAR 4 Demonstration Units (add rows if required) 1. Goat -1 ICAR 31.03.2011 80 4.00 ------2. Nursery-1 ICAR 31.03.2011 80 4.00 ------3. Poultry-3 RF 25.10.2018 954 7.0 ------4. Oyster RF 10.08.2016 90 0.5 ------Mushroom-1 5. Cattle shed - RF 24.03.2020 363 3.5 ------1 5 Fencing ICAR 31.03.2012 1500 m 10.00 ------6 Rain Water ------harvesting system 7 Threshing floor ------8 Farm godown ------9 Shed (Farm ------equipment)

B) Vehicles

Type of vehicle Year of purchase Cost (Rs.) Total kms. Run Present status Jeep 2009 6,29,990.00 2,51,000 Condemned Tractor 2009 5,64,128.00 13,000 Not road worthy Power Tiller 2010 1,50,000 --- Not in working condition Two wheeler(2) Bajaj Pulsar 2010 1,00,000 87,434 Poor condition Bajaj Platina 2010 98,362 Poor condition

C) Equipment & AV aids

Name of the equipment Year of purchase Cost (Rs.) Present status Computer dual core Jan. 2010 50,000 Good Xerox cum printer Jan. 2010 70,000 Good Camera March 2010 25,000 Good Generator March 2011 1,00,000 Good PUSA STFR Meter March 2017 73,000 Good Mini soil testing unit – Mridaparikshak March 2017 80,000 Good Computer i3 (2 Nos.) March 2017 75,000 Good UPS 2.0 KW (Battery and Inverter) March 2017 29,000 Good LED Projector (3200 lumens) March 2017 29,000 Good Portable PAS March 2017 12,000 Good Digital camera March 2017 7,000 Good Handy cam (Video camera) March 2017 22,000 Good Refrigerator March 2017 16,000 Good Fire extinguisher March 2017 3,000 Good

1.8. A). Details SAC meeting(s) conducted in the year

No of Sl.No. Date Salient Recommendations Participants 1. 08.01.2020 23 • Market preference of each variety should be assessed before promotion among farmers. • Documentation of specific technologies should be done by KVK on regular basis • Revolving Fund should be increased in KVK farm. • The success story of individual farmers should be recorded and broadcasted through Radio and TV channels. • Awards to be given to the farmers based on different technology. • Conduct FLD on Barnyard millet MDU 5 in problematic soils. • Promotion of drought tolerant varieties and technologies. • To popularize the variety ADT 51, ADT 53, CR1009 Sub1 as alternate for CR1009 in Samba season. • Promotion of Ecological Engineering. • Promotion of semi spreading Groundnut varieties in Rainfed areas. • Promotion on High yielding Groundnut varieties VRI 8, CO 7, BSR 2 and TMV 14 in irrigated condition. • Promotion of Mechanized Groundnut cultivation and Mechanized stripper.

• Promotion of High yielding Sesame variety VRI 3 and TMV 7. • Promotion of VRI 3, VRI (CW)H1 and High Density planting in Cashew. • Awareness creation on spraying schedule in Cotton crop to be conducted. • To conduct OFT on ELS Cotton for Rainfed condition. • To conduct FLD on Fodder sorghum CSV33 MF. • Awareness programme/Camp on fertility management in Dairy cow should be conducted. • To be submit on Fodder establishment project for district. • Promotion and Demonstration of fodder cowpea as intercrop in Cashew garden. • To develop different Native Chicken varieties around the district. • Promotion of Wild animal Repellent through Extension literatures. • To improve trials on Fall Army Worm management in Maize. • Popularization of VRI 3 Cashew grafts produced from Nursery in Andimadam area. • Awareness creation on Sericulture to farmers. • To popularize fish pond and composite fish culture. • Promotion of Dry and green fodder. • Programme should be conducted in collaboration with TANUVAS and VUTRC. • New technologies disseminated through CAT programme. • Conducts skill training for Cashewnut nursery growers. • To register NAB skill portal and conduct agricultural related training programmes.. • Promotion of Soil testing, Bio products, Soil Moisture Indicator and other new technologies to district farmers Promotion of IFS farmers in Ariyalur district.

2. DETAILS OF DISTRICT (2019-20)

2.0. Operational jurisdiction of KVKs: Not Applicable

2.1. Major farming systems/enterprises (based on the analysis made by the KVK)

Classification First crop Second crop Third crop Paddy (Kuruvai) Paddy (Thaladi) Paddy (Navarai) (June-Oct.) (Oct. to Feb.) (Jan – May) Wet land Paddy (Kuruvai) Paddy (Thaladi) Blackgram (Feb to May) (June-Oct.) (Oct. to Feb.) Groundnut Groundnut (Oct-Jan) Groundnut (Feb-May) (Jun to Sep) Groundnut Vegetable (Oct – Jan) Blackgram (Feb-May) Garden land (Jun to Sep) Groundnut Groundnut Blackgram (Feb-May) (Jun to Sep) (Oct – Jan)

Fallow Maize (Aug-Sep) Fallow Fallow Cotton (Aug-Sep) Fallow Dry land Fallow Sorghum/Varagu Fallow (Aug-Sep)

2.2. Description of Agro-climatic Zone & major agro ecological situations (based on soil and topography)

S. Agro-climatic Zone Characteristics No 1 North Eastern Zone Ariyalur district is located in Northern eastern part of TamilNadu. The climate in the zone basically semi-arid tropical with an average rainfall of 954 mm. The soil pH is ranging from 6.5 to 8.0. Ferruginous red loam occurs S. Agro ecological Characteristics No situation 1 North Eastern portion The maximum precipitation is contributed by North East Monsoon. of VIII Agro ecological The soil texture is usually loamy, the colour varying from red at Zone of India the surface to yellow at the lower horizon. Black soil favours the cultivation of rainfed crops viz., cotton, maize in a larger area,

2.3. Soil types in the jurisdiction

S. Soil type Characteristics Area in ha No 1 Red Soil Rich source of Fe, Mn, High P fixation capacity due to the presence 66,315 of kaolinitic clay along with sesquioxides, low organic matter & clay. 2 Black Soil More than 30% clay, Mn adding black to the soil. High CEC with 49,550 high pH range, abundant source of Mo and Boron.

2.4. Area, Production and Productivity of major crops cultivated in the jurisdiction for 2019-20

Kharif S. No Crop Area (ha) Production (q) Productivity (q/ha) 1 Paddy 9,860 42,101 45.5 2 Maize 18,239 90,756 64.1 3 Cotton 10,850 16,136 15.8 4 Black gram 6,435 5,718 8.23 5 Sorghum 1,531 3,368 22.0 6 Bajra 1,425 4,674 32.8 7 Kodo millet 285 427 15.0 8 Finger millet 35 63 18.0

Rabi S. No Crop Area (ha) Production (q) Productivity (q /ha) 1 Paddy 24,143 1,03,090 42.7 2 Groundnut 18,450 39,800 22.0 3 Sugarcane 7,440 6,89,865 860.9 4 Banana 167 80,160 308.3 5 Watermelon 85 23,800 357.1 6 Brinjal 122.5 24,500 500

7 Chillies 30 3,600 833.3 8 Bhendi 65.89 9,240 713.1 9 Ash gourd 30.02 6,604 454.5 10 Drumstick 1,166.25 2,33,250 500

Summer S. No Crop Area (ha) Production (q) Productivity (q /ha) 1 Cashew nut 30,345 13,655 4.50 2 Sesame 1,660 614 3.70

2.5. Weather data (April 2019 to March 2020)

TemperatureC Relative Humidity Month Rainfall (mm) Maximum Minimum (%) April 2019 1.10 35.4 27.3 76.7 May 2019 43.57 37.6 28.8 75.9 June 2019 94.85 38.3 27.4 58.3 July 2019 29.42 37.5 28.7 57.4 August 2019 84.38 36.2 27.3 73.9 September 27.72 34.7 28.7 74.3 2019 October 2019 204.64 34.4 27.3 72.2 November 282.13 31.2 26.1 69.7 2019 December 19.44 28.4 23.7 65.7 2019 January 2020 19.12 31.3 23.6 66.4 February 2020 -- 32.5 25.7 73.5 March 2020 -- 34.6 26.3 80.5 Total 806.37

2.6. Production and productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc. in the district (2019-20)

Category Population Production Productivity Cattle Cross breed 87,507 2.8 Lakh lit. 10 lit /cow Goats 2,24,958 10.58 Lakh Kgs. 18 kg/goat Pigs Indigenous 6801 23540 kg 20 kg/ Pig Poultry Desi bird 68,951 38,800 kg 1kg/bird

Category Area (ha.) Production (q/ha.) Productivity (q/ha.) Fish 3,574 2,980.80 83.4

2.7. Details of Adopted Villages (2019-20)

Year of Identified Sl.N Taluk/ Name of Name of the Major crops & Major problem adoptio Thrust o. mandal the block village enterprises identified n Areas KVK adopted villages 1 Udayarpalaya T.palur Kodalikarupp 2018 Paddy, Bajra, Paddy Integrated m ur Groundnut, • Yield loss due Disease Sesame, Dairy, to occurrence of Manageme Goat & poultry blast disease nt (41%) • Lack of awareness on precaution measures for disease control Paddy Varietal • Low zinc Evaluation content in existing paddy varieties • Lack of awareness on bio fortified crop varieties Bhendi Drudgery • Inconvenience Reduction faced by the farmers during harvesting of bhendi Livestock Disease • Lack of Manageme knowledge on nt nenatal management • Inadequate knowledge on deworming Cow Disease • Reduced milk Manageme yield nt • Loss of feed intake in cows • Poor milk quality due to ketone bodies in milk Incidence of Ketosis is 12 % Fish Varital • Poor quality introductio and weight n gain in existing fish varieties Lack of Knowled ge on Improved Fish variety

2 Udayarpalaya T.Palur Venmankond 2017 Paddy, Maize, Paddy Varietal m an Groundnut,Drum • Low yield in Evaluation stick, Dairy, existing Goat & Poultry varieties(4.5 t/ha) • Heavy incidence of blast (35%), leaf spot (27%) & stem borer (25%) • Increasing soil salinity (pH up to 8) leads to reduction in yield up to 15- 20% Paddy Resource • Over usage of Conservati water on • Unplanned irrigation schedule

Groundnut IPDM • Low yield due to early and late Leafspot (22%) • Root rot (12%) incidence and thereby lack of optimum plant population • Heavy infestation of Spodoptera (16%) Drumstick ICM • Yield loss upto 30-35% • Leaf webber • Flower shedding • Fruit fly damage • Low income and net profit (Rs.6000/ac.) Lack of awareness in value addition Brinjal Resource • Over conservatio irrigation/ n flooding leads to wastage of water • Leaching of nitrates below the root zone • Shortage of water resources due to ground water

depletion

3 Udayarpalaya Jayankonda Malanikuzhi 2018 Groundnut, Watermelon ICM m m Watermelon, • Low yield due Dairy, Goat and to Anthracnose Poultry disease • Poor flesh colour and low consumer Preference • Incidence of mosaic virus 4 Udayarpalaya Jayankonda Devamangala 2018 Groundnut,Tuber Tuberose Varietal m m m ose, Blackgram, • Low yield Evaluation Dairy, Goat and with existing Poultry varieties • Heavy incidence of Nematode Rotting of bulb, leaf drying and death of plants 5 Andimadam Andimada Kuvagam 2018 Little millet, Castor Varietal m Finger millet, • Lack of Introductio Groundnut, Knowledge on n Castor, cultivation of Cashewnut, Castor as main Tuberose, crop under Marigold, Dairy, rainfed Goat and Poultry • Non adoption of ICM technologies • Susceptibility in existing varieties for castor semilooper ,capsule borer and wilt disease. Marigold Varietal • Low yield in Evaluation existing variety • Lack of awareness on newly released public sector varieties • High seed cost of private hybrids (Rs.2000 per 25 g) 6 Sendurai Sendurai Kulumur 2019 Cotton, Maize, Cotton ICM Dairy, Goat and • Shedding of Poultry square buds and immature bolls (22%) • Reddening and shedding of leaves (Mg deficiency) • Lack of adoption of bund/inter crop

• Low yield due to bacterial blight Less number of bolls/ plant (20- 40) Kuruchikula 2019 Groundnut, Groundnut Crop • Heavy m Cashew, Dairy, Introductio infestation of Goat and Poultry n Fall army worm in (Groundnut Maize since in the place last year of Maize) • Under utilization of land resources by single crop • Chance of pest resurgence by repeated cultivation of Maize Ariyalur Thirumanur K.Mettutheru 2017 Blackgram Varietal • High incidence Introductio of YMV in the n exisisting variety ADT 5 • Low yield ( 520 kg/ ha)

Sugarcane Value • Low addition awareness on Value addition in sugarcane as jaggery • Less income DFI villages 1 Udayarpalaya T.palur Puliyankuzhi 2019 Maize,Groundnu Maize IPM m t, vegetables, , • Low yield due Dairy, Goat & to fall army Poultry worm incidence (44%) • Damaged leaves and cob by pest • Excess use of pesticides led to increased cost of cultivation Sesame Varietal • Incidence of Introductio drought (45%) n • Poor yield (550 kg/ha.) • Repeated cultivation of existing variety (10 years) • Lack of awareness about high

yielding new varieties Nutrition garden ICM • Low per capita consumption • Demand for organic greens and vegetables TOT ICT • Technology transfer mechanism need to be improved to reach the individual farmers’ farm holding in time as mobile has reached almost in all villages and significant number of farmers are using smart phone 2 Sendurai Sendurai Veerakkan 2019 Ragi,Groundnut, Ragi Varietal Blackgram, • Low Introductio Dairy, Goat and productivity n Poultry with the existing Finger millet varieties (1400 kg/ha) under rainfed condition • Non adoption of varieties suitable for rainfed condition • Susceptibility of existing varieties to lodging and neck blast Shortage of dry fodder

2.8. Priority/thrust areas

Crop/Enterprise Thrust area Paddy ICM, Varietal Introduction & Evaluation, IDM & Resource Conservation techniques Maize Integrated Pest Management & Introduction of alternate crop Ragi Varietal introduction & ICM Groundnut Varietal introduction, ICM & IPDM Sesame Varietal introduction & ICM Castor Varietal introduction & ICM Blackgram Varietal introduction & ICM Cotton Integrated Crop Management

Sugarcane ICM & Value addition Brinjal ICM & Resource Conservation techniques Drumstick ICM Bhendi ICM & Drudgery reduction Vegetables ICM Tuberose Varietal Evaluation &ICM Marigold Varietal Evaluation &ICM Watermelon ICM Dairy Disease Management Fish Varietal Introduction, feed and diseases management

2.9. Salient Achievements of (April 2019-March, 2020) (Mandated activities/ Projects)

S.No Activity Target Achievement 1. Technologies Assessed (No.) 8 8 2. On-farm trials conducted (No.) 30 30 3. Frontline demonstrations conducted (No.) 19 19 4. Farmers trained (in Lakh) 0.03030 0.03575 5. Extension Personnel trained (No.) 305 323 6. Participants in extension activities (in Lakh) 0.08000 0.08468 7. Production of Seed (in Quintal) 15 11.15 8. Planting material produced (in Lakh) 0.125 2.65 9. Live-stock strains and fingerlings produced (in Lakh) 0.0025 0.00522 10. Soil, Water, plant, manures samples tested (in Lakh) 0.00500 0.00417 11. Mobile agro-advisory provided to farmers (in Lakh) 0.20000 0.30904 12. No. of Soil Health Cards issued by Mini Soil Testing Kits (No.) 1500 1576 13. No. of Soil Health Cards issued by Traditional Laboratory (No.) ------

2.10. Salient Achievements by KVK during 2019-20

• Our KVK farm in 20 ha is a certified organic farm serves as model to 180 organic farmers and promoting on-site input production among 1,578 farmers in 116 villages. • Technological products viz., seeds (11,155 kg.), Planting materials (2,65,815 No.), Bio products (8,337 kg), Chicks (460 Nos.) were distributed benefitting 7463 farmers. • Mixed cropping of Drumstick and Groundnut (1125 ha), Cashewnut production technologies (21,000 ha.), YMV resistant Blackgram varieties (4,042 ha), Drought tolerant Groundnut varieties (50 ha.), disease resistant Paddy varieties (10 ha.) are noteworthy to claim for large scale adoption of technologies by our KVK intervention. • Mechanized sowing is facilitated to overcome labour shortage in Maize (700 ha), Groundnut (2,100 ha) and Paddy (380 ha). • 400 ha of area brought under fodder crops to ensure health of animals in the District. • 165 ha of farm ponds brought under fisheries and 276.5 tonnes fish production ensured. • Emphasize is being given to conserve natural resources viz., land, water, and environment. Distributed 5647 kg of Bio products covering 2847 ha by 2431 farmers, promoted Waste decomposer in 260 ha by 121 farmers.

• Water saving technologies like drip and sprinkler irrigation facilitated in 4188 ha through department subsidies, irrigation scheduling by ‘Pani-pipe’ and Soil Moisture Indicator, alternate wetting and drying is being practiced in 34 ha by 162 farmers by our interventions. • The concept of mulching and weed mat is practiced by 42 farmers in 24 ha. of Tuberose. • Promoted Waste decomposer in 1,360 ha to avoid burning of crop stubbles. • Low cost hatcheries (Rs.4,000) innovated by our Youth Club Member under our guidance and its promotion (260) paved the way to meet chicks requirement of the District (4,00,000 chicks/year) • Unique model of our Kendra like ‘RY-RY’ is the first in Country to bring Youth into mainstream (582) of Agriculture. • The flagship activity of KVK, Ariyalur is empowerment of rural youth and reducing migration. Rs. 10.31 lakhs mobilized to skill the youth, facilitated loan to the tune of Rs.15.78 lakhs and 402 youth self employed and created 28,197 man days/year. • Two villages adopted under DFI concepts covering 100 farmers. • Women empowerment interms of employment income and social status is created to 4584 farm and landless women. • Promoting Group Action by Farmers Clubs (11 Nos.), Farmers Associations (3 Nos.) and FPOs (2 Nos.) comprising of 1550 farmers. • Our KVK has created wide awareness on Government priority programmes viz., PMFBY, DFI, Soil Health Management, Livestock Management and Swatchhata Hi-seva among 14,176 farmers. • We could reach 31,401 farmers by mass propagation of technologies through Farmer Friend, Whatsapp, M-KISAN, Voice messages, youtube, Radio and TV talks. • KVK, Ariyalur is taking relentless effort to mobilize extramural funds to the tune of Rs.5.96 lakhs to provide value added services to the farmers. • Implemented special programmes for SC population beneficiary 100 poor SC landless labourers. • Involved in documentation and validation of innovation of 6 farmers. • Wild animal problem is big menace in now a days and we have promoted Wild Animal Repellent (Herboliv plus) and rescued the crops in an area of 242 ha. • Replaced 1,710 hand operated sprayers with battery operated sprayers to reduce drudgery. 3. TECHNICAL ACHIEVEMENTS

3.A. Details of target and achievements of mandatory activities by KVK during 2019-20 i) OFT (Technology Assessment)

Number of technologies Total no. of Trials Targets Achievement Targets Achievement 8 8 30 30 ii) FLD (crop/enterprise/CFLDs)

No of Demonstrations Area in ha Number of Farmers Targets Achievement Targets Achievement Targets Achievement

19 19 52.2 52.2 135 135 iii) Training (including sponsored, vocational and other trainings carried under Rainwater Harvesting Unit)

Number of Courses Number of Participants Clientele Targets Achievement Targets Achievement Farmers 120 98 2,580 3,088 Rural youth 45 17 450 487 Extn. Functionaries 24 9 305 323 Total 189 124 3,335 3,898 iv) Extension Activities

Number of activities Number of participants Targets Achievement Targets Achievement 796 949 8,000 8,468 + Mass v) Seed Production (q)

Target Achievement Distributed to no. of farmers 25 4.31 249 vi) Planting material (Nos.)

Target Achievement Distributed to no. of farmers 12,500 2,65,815 734 v) Livestock (Nos.)

Target Achievement Distributed to no. of farmers 250 522 47 vii) Bio inputs (Nos.)

Target Achievement Distributed to no. of farmers 2,500 8,337 kg 2,431

3.B. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT i) Summary of technologies assessed under various crops by KVKs (Add rows wherever required) Source of No. of No. of Thematic areas Crop Name of the technology assessed technology with trials farmers year Paddy Assessment of suitable paddy ARS,Nellore, 5 5 varieties for high yielding during 2010,TNAU,2016 Samba season

Paddy Assessment of suitability of bio 3 3 fortified Paddy variety for Ariyalur TNAU, 2017 District Tuberose Assessment of suitable Tuberose ICAR-IIHR, 2012 3 3 varieties for higher yield Varietal Evaluation ICAR-IIHR, 2014 Marigold Assessment of Marigold varieties for ICAR-IIHR, 2014 3 3 higher yield

ICAR-IIHR, 2017 Banana Assessment of suitable banana ICAR-NRCB 3 3 variety for Thirumanur block of Ariyalur district

Integrated Pest Maize Assessment of Fall Army Worm TNAU,2018 5 5 Management management practices in Maize Paddy Assessment of management strategies TNAU, 2012 5 5 Integrated Disease to contain blast disease IARI, 2012 Management in Paddy

All crops Assessing the Effectiveness of GOI 3 3 Different Mobile Apps in terms of Others (Pl. specify) Knowledge Gain and Agro Advisory Services Total 30 30 ii) Summary of technologies assessed under livestock by KVKs

Name of Name of No. of the the No. of farmers Thematic areas livestock technology trials enterprise assessed Disease Management ------Total -- -- iii) Summary of technologies assessed under various enterprises by KVKs

Source of No. of Thematic areas Enterprise Name of the technology assessed technology No. of trials farmers with year ------

3.C. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. OFT on Assessment of Suitable Paddy varieties for high yielding during Samba season

1. Thematic area: Varietal Introduction

2. Title: Assessment of Suitable Paddy varieties for high yielding during Samba season

3. Scientists involved: SMS (Agronomy), SMS (Plant Protection)

4. Details of farming situation:

This comparative study was carried out through On-Farm Testing during Samba season of 2019 at Venmankondan village of T.Palur block in Ariyalur district with an objective to assess the suitable Paddy varieties for high yielding during Samba season as compared to the farmers practicing existing variety (Co-43).The Paddy nursery was raised during 1st week of September 2019 and transplanting was done during 4th week of September 2019. Five farmers each having one acre of wet land was selected and compared with the farmers existing variety with recommended package of practices. All the trail fields have clay loamy soil with good fertility and the pH of the soil range from 7 to 7.5. 5. Problem definition / description:

• Low Yield with existing varieties (4.5t/ha) • Heavy incidence of blast (35%), leaf spot (27%) and stem borer (25%) • Increasing soil salinity (pH upto 8) leads to reduction in yield upto 15-20%.

6. Technology Assessed:

TO1 TO2 TO3 Varietal Farmers Practice Variety Cultivation of NLR Cultivation of TKM Character CO-43 34449 13 (TNAU 1982) (ARS, Nellore, 2010) (TNAU – 2016) Duration 135 days 125 days 130 days Average Yield 4.8 t/ha 6.2 t/ha 5.5t/ha Grain Type Medium slender fine grain Fine grain Medium Slender Resistant to Lodging and Moderate Blast Moderately resistant resistant to Blast, Brown spot to stem borer, leaf & Leaf blight folder, disease such as blast, brown spot, Rice Tungra and sheath rot Tolerant to Green hopper and Salt Saline tolerant - tolerant Purpose - High yielding High Yielding

7. Critical inputs given:

Name of critical input Quantity/Trial (0.4ha) Value (Rs.) NLR 34449 Paddy seed 12 kg @ Rs.30/kg 360 TKM 13 Paddy seed 12 kg @ Rs.30/kg 360 Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 kg @ Rs.120/kg 120 Field board 1 No @ Rs.400/ No 400 Total 1,240 Rs.1,240 * 5 = Rs.6,200

8. Results:

Table 1: Yield and yield contributing characters of different varieties assessed Green No. No. of horn Straw Technology No. of PDI of Yield of productive caterpillar yield Option plants/sq.m blast (q/ha) trials tillers/hill incidence (t/ha) (%) Technology 1 24 42 23 22 46.3 5.42 (Farmers’ Practice) Technology 2 5 18 48 18 10 50.4 5.85 (NLR 34449) Technology 3 18 63 11 12 52.8 6.17 (TKM 13)

Table 2: Economics of different Paddy varieties assessed Technology Gross Cost Gross Income Net Income BCR Marketability option (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) Farmers 45,000 97,700 52,700 2.17 Good practice NLR 34449 48,750 1,11,010 62,260 2.28 Moderate TKM 13 46,250 1,20,585 74,335 2.61 Good

Description of the results:

This trial was conducted to assess the performance of suitable Paddy varieties with farmers existing variety during Samba season 2019 (September 2019 to 1st December 2019). The results showed that Paddy variety TKM 13 is better in production related parameters and recorded highest straw yield (5.25 t/ha) compared to other two varieties. In this trail, the TO3 recorded the highest net return of Rs.74335 with the BCR of 2.61 than TO2 (net return Rs.62260 and BCR 2.28) and farmers practicing existing variety. The performance of the TO3 was very good in terms of higher productive tillers (63/hill), less Green horn pillar incidence (11%), moderate PDI of blast (12%) and good straw quality followed by TO2 and farmers existing variety. The grain yield was 14 percentage higher in TKM 13 variety followed by NLR 34449 over Co 43.Market preference is good for TKM 13 variety than NLR 34449.

Constraints faced: Nil

9. Feedback of the farmers involved:

• The growth and yield of TKM 13 variety and its straw quality is best than other two varieties which is very suitable for Samba season. • TKM 13 has less pest and disease problems compared to NLR 34449 and CO-43. • The merchants interested in buying TKM 13 Paddy. • NLR 34449 has low cooking quality than TKM 13 and not delicious when compared to TKM 13 and CO-43 10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: The incidence of BLB and sheath blight diseases is very less in TKM 13 Paddy variety. This variety is good for Samba season. 2. OFT on Assessment of Suitable of Bio fortified Paddy varieties for Ariyalur District

1. Thematic area: Varietal Introduction

2. Title: Assessment of Suitable of Bio fortified Paddy varieties for Ariyalur District

3. Scientists involved: SMS (Agronomy), SMS (Home Science)

4. Details of farming situation:

This study was carried out through On-Farm Testing during Samba season of 2019 at Kodali Karuppur village of T.Palur block in Ariyalur district. The objective is to assess the suitability of Bio fortified Paddy variety compared to the farmers practicing existing variety. The Bio fortified Paddy variety nursery were raised during 2nd week of September and transplanted 1st week of October 2019. Five farmers each having one acre of wet land with good fertile clay soil and the pH range of the soil was 6.5 – 7.5. All other package of practices were uniformly adopted. 5. Problem definition / description: • Low Zinc content (10-13 ppm) in existing Paddy variety • Lack of awareness of bio fortified crop varieties. 6. Technology Assessed: TO1 TO2 Varietal Character Farmers Practice Variety CO-43 Cultivation of DRR Dhan - 45 (TNAU 1982) (IIRR, 2015) Duration 135 days 125 -130 days Average Yield 4.8 t/ha 5 t/ha Grain Type Medium slender Medium slender Zinc value 13.5 ppm 22.6 ppm

7. Critical inputs given:

Name of critical input Quantity/Trial (0.4ha) Value (Rs.) DRR Dhan 45 Paddy seed 12 kg @ Rs.50/kg 600 Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 kg @ Rs.120/kg 120

Soil sample analysis 1 sample @ R.100/sample 100 Field board 1 No @ Rs.400/ No 400 Total 1,220 Area – 2 ha. Rs.1,220 * 5 = Rs.6,100

8. Results:

Table 1: Yield and yield contributing characters of Bio fortified variety DRR Dhan 45 and Co 43. No. No. of Onion PDI of Grain Technology No. of PDI of of productive incidence false Yield Option plants/sq.m BLB trials tillers/hill (%) smut (q/ha) Technology 1 26 46 18 16 12 45.7 (Farmers Practice) 5 Technology 19 55 4 8 10 46.5 2(DRR Dhan - 45)

Table 2: Economics of different Paddy varieties assessed Technology Gross Cost Gross Income Net Income BCR Marketability option (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) Farmers 55750 102060 46310 1.83 Good practice DRR Dhan 45 48750 106080 57330 2.18 Good

Description of the results:

This trial was conducted to assess the suitability of Bio fortified Paddy variety with farmers existing variety during Samba season 2019 (September 2019 to 1st week of January 2019). The results showed that the Bio fortified Paddy variety DRR Dhan 45 is good in production related parameters followed by farmers existing variety C0-43. In this trial, TO2 recorded the highest net return of Rs. 57330/ha with BCR of 2.18 than TO1 (Rs. 46310 and 1.83 respectively). The performance of the TO2 showed very high tolerance to onion gallmidge (only 4% incidence) than farmers existing variety (18%) and good resistance to Bacterial leaf blight disease (8% incidence) than farmers existing variety (16%). The grain yield was 19 percentage higher in DRR Dhan 45 Paddy variety than farmers existing variety Co43.

Constraints faced: Nil

9. Feedback of the farmers involved:

• The growth of DRR Dhan 45 variety and plant health is very good than existing variety Co43. • Very low incidence of Onion gallmidge than other local variety which causes reduced cost of cultivation in terms of spraying scheduled pesticide. • Cooking quality is very good (highly tasty) and good keeping quality.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology:

• DRR Dhan 45 Bio fortified Paddy variety is more suitable for Ariyalur district. • Suggested for cultivation throughout the district for own consumption to secure the nutritional requirements particularly Zinc which is highly required for body immune system.

3. OFT on Assessment of Management Strategies to Contain Blast disease in Paddy

1. Thematic area: Integrated Disease Management

2. Title: Assessment of Management Strategies to Contain Blast disease in Paddy

3. Scientists involved: SMS (Plant Protection), SMS (Agronomy), SMS (Agrl. Extn)

4. Details of farming situation:

The study was carried out through On Farm Testing during Samba season of 2019 at Kodali Karuppur Village in Ariyalur district with an objective to assess the management strategies of Paddy blast under irrigated condition. During the last two years it was observed that the incidence of blast disease was the major problem and farmers encountered the yield loss. In this area, Paddy crop sown during second week of October and harvested during 1st week January. Totally three farmers each having one acre of Paddy was selected and compared farmers practice with the recommended package of practices. Application of Carbendazim and Mancozeb was the practice followed by farmers. 5. Problem definition / description:

 Appearance of eye shaped spots on leaves and it later affects boot leaf.  Blast disease incidence at tillering and grain filling stage.  Yield reduction to the tune of 26% recorded in the proposed area. 6. Technology Assessed:

TO1 TO2 TO3 Farmers Practice IARI, 2012 TNAU, 2012 Application of Carbendazim and Seed treatment with bio Seed treatment with bio Mancozeb at the rate of 2g/lit of fungicide like T.viride fungicide T.viride @10g/kg water twice at tillering and pre @10g/kg of seed and 75 seed and basal application of flowering stage. kg/ha of neem cake as basal Pseudomonas fluorescens at application. Liquid the rate of 2.5 kg enriched in Pseudomonas spray @2ml/lit 70 kg Farm Yard manure/ha. of water twice at 45th and 72nd Foliar spraying of days after transplanting Pseudomonas (Powder form) @4g/lit. of water at 45th day after transplanting

7. Critical inputs given:

Name of critical input Quantity/Trial (0.4ha) Value (Rs.) Liquid Pseudomonas 1.5 lit @ Rs.200/litre 300 Pseudomonas fluorescens talc 1.5 kg @ Rs.100/kg 150 based Neem Cake 30 kg @ Rs.45/kg 1350 Field board 1 No @ Rs.400/ No 400 Total 2200 Area – 2 ha. Rs.2200 * 5 = Rs.11,000

8. Results:

Table 1 : Yield and yield contributing parameters of Paddy due to the different blast containing measures No. of Straw No. of productive PDI of Yield yield Technology Option trials tillers / Blast (q/ha) (t/ha.) plant Technology 1 47 24 50.5 5.25 (Farmer Practice) Technology 2 60 14 56.8 5.55 5 (IARI, 2012) Technology 3 (TNAU, 54 18 54.5 5.31 2012)

Table 2 : Economics of different Paddy varieties assessed Technology Gross Income Gross cost (Rs.) Net Income (Rs.) BCR option (Rs.) Technology 1 54,760 95,950 41,190 1 : 1.20 (Farmer Practice) Technology 2 57,840 1,07,920 50,080 1 : 1.86 (IARI, 2012) Technology 3 56,926 1,03,550 46,624 1 : 1.70 (TNAU, 2012)

Description of the results:

The results of after trial showed that the TO2 i.e., seed treatment with T.viride, basal application of neem cake @250 kg/ha. and foliar spray of liquid Pseudomonas @2ml/lit. of water on 45th and 72nd days after transplanting showed its superiority in containing blast disease with present disease index of 14 while it was 18 and 24 in the case of TO3 and Farmer practice respectively. Correspondingly there was the difference in yield of both the grain (56.8 q/ha.) and straw (5.55 t/ha.) and it was followed by TO3 as it recorded 54.5 q/ha. of grain and 5.31 t/ha. of straw. It is concluded that TO2 i.e. spray of liquid Pseudomonas is adjudged as superior in controlling blast disease in paddy as it recorded the BCR of 1 : 1.86 while it was 1: 1.20 in the case of Farmer practice.

9. Feedback of the farmers involved:

• We could see the less disease problem in liquid Pseudomonas sprayed field. • The technology is simple, easy to do, easily available at cheap rate.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology:

Liquid Pseudomonas works well in controlling blast disease in paddy.

4. OFT on Assessment of Marigold varieties for higher yield

1. Thematic area: Varietal Introduction

2. Title: Assessment of Marigold varieties for higher yield

3. Scientists involved: SMS (Horticulture) and SMS (Plant Protection)

4. Details of farming situation:

An On Farm Testing was carried out during the Rabi summer season of 2019 at Kuvagam village in Ariyalur district with an objective to assess the performance of Marigold varieties for higher yield under irrigated conditions. Marigold crop grows well in soil pH of 7.0 to 7.5. During the trial period a temperature range of 20ºC to 33ºC was observed in Marigold field. The soil of the experimental site was red loamy in its texture with a soil pH of 7.2. The cuttings of Marigold were purchased from ICAR-IIHR, Hesarghata, Bangalore and planted during the 1st week of February, 2020 and harvested during 2nd week of April, 2020. 5. Problem definition / description: • Low yield in existing variety Victor-2 (20 t/ha). • Short petiole, small flower size and dull yellow colour. • Lack of awareness on newly released public sector varieties. 6. Technology Assessed:

TO1 TO2 TO3 Varietal Farmers Practice Cultivation of Cultivation of Character Cultivation of Local Arka Bangara Arka Agni Variety (IIHR, Bangalore) (IIHR, Bangalore) Duration 85 days 85-90 days 85 days Average Yield 25t/ha 25 – 30 t/ha 30 t/ha

7. Critical inputs given: Name of critical input Quantity/Trial (0.4ha) Value (Rs.) Arka Bangara Rooted cuttings 320 Nos. @ Rs.2.5/cuttings 800 Arka Agni Rooted cuttings 320 Nos. @ Rs. 2.5/cuttings 800 Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 kg @ Rs.120/kg 120 Soil sample analysis 1 sample @ R.100/sample 100 Field board 1 No @ Rs.400/ No 400 Total 2,220 Area – 2 ha. Rs.2,220 * 3 = Rs.6,660

8. Results:

Table 1: Yield economic and yield contributing characters of different Marigold varieties and performance of the technology No. of Technology Option Yield (q/ha) Flower borer incidence % trials Technology 1 (Farmers 201.3 15 Practice) 3 Technology 2(Arka Bangara 2) 251.3 11.5 Technology 3(Arka Agni) 231.2 12

Table 2: Economics of different marigold varieties assessed Technology Gross Cost Gross Income Net Income BCR Marketability option (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) Technology 1 91,496 2,01,333 1,09,836 2.2 Good (Farmers Practice) Technology 96,770 2,51,333 1,54,560 2.6 Excellent 2(Arka Bangara 2) Technology 96,696 2,31,200 1,34,500 2.39 Good 3(Arka Agni)

Description of the results:

The trial has been conducted to check the performance of ICAR IIHR released varieties with farmer’s cultivation of private hybrids during Rabi summer 2020 (February, 2020 to April, 2020). The results showed that Arka Bangara-2 is better in yield and production related parameters like Flower borer incidence and market preference. Arka Bangara 2 recorded the flower yield of 251.3 q/ha and it was followed by Arka Agni 231.2 q/ha and it was followed by farmers practice 201.3 q/ha. The market preference is excellence for Arka bangara-2 flower as its color and size are better than the other varieties. The Arka bangara-2 flower is bright yellow color and the Arka Agni flower color is yellowish red and farmers practice Victor 2 flower color is yellow. The consumers in the flower market prefer yellow color than the yellowish red color. In this trial, the Arka bangara-2 variety recorded the highest net return of Rs.1,54,560 with the BCR of 1:2.6 than Arka Agni and farmers practice. So, the performance of Arka bangara-2 was good. Incidence of flower borer was very less (11.5%) in Arka bangara-2 compared to Arka Agni and the variety cultivated by the farmers.

Constraints faced:

• The fluctuation of the market price for Marigold flowers from Rs.10 to Rs.50/kg is the only constraints in the cultivation of Marigold. • The timely availability of planting materials is also difficult.

9. Feedback of the farmers involved: • Market preference is higher for the yellow colour flower of Arka bangara-2 variety and it was less for yellowish red colour flower variety Arka Agni. • Higher yield is observed in Arka bangara-2 than other two varieties. 10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: • Consumers prefer the yellow colour Marigold varieties Arka bangara-2. • Flower borer pest incidence is less in Arka bangara-2 variety of Marigold (11.5%). 5. OFT on Assessing the Effectiveness of Different Mobile Apps in Terms of Knowledge Gain and Agro Advisory services

1. Thematic area: ICT

2. Title: Assessing the Effectiveness of Different Mobile Apps in Terms of Knowledge Gain and Agro Advisory services

3. Scientists involved: SMS (Agricultural Extension)

4. Details of farming situation:

The survey was conducted on DFI village of Puliyankuzhi. Farmers of this region are more experienced in farming. Most of the lands are in irrigated condition. Sizeable members of the farmers using smartphones for their communication. 5. Problem definition / description:

• Lack of awareness on latest technologies and marketing information. • Availability of services and their sources were not known to farmers • Limited access or availability of technological advisories on time.

6. Technology Assessed:

TO1 TO2 TO3 Farmers practice Uzhavan Mobile App e-NAM Kisan Suvidha (TN Government) (GoI)

7. Results:

Table 1: Yield economic and yield contributing characters as influenced by Marigold varieties and performance of the technology Symbolic Credibility Ease of Multidisciplinary Technology Knowledge Level of adoption on source of access to nature of the option gain (%) satisfaction (%) information technology medium TO 1 42 27 Medium Moderate Moderate Low e-NAM TO 2 76 62 High High High High Uzhavan Mobile App TO 3 32 26 Low Low High Low Kisan Suvidha

8. Description of the results:

Among the treatment, Uzhavan mobile application had more influence in terms of desirable change in Knowledge gain and decision making behaviour of farmers. Performance of Kisan Suvidha and e-NAM application were almost equal interms of knowledge gain and symbolic adoption. In case of other parameters like credibility, ease of access and multidisciplinary nature of the medium were found to be high from Uzhavan Mobile App. Constraints faced:

• Selection of homogenous respondents found to be difficult. • Most of the farmers had low level of e literacy. • Even though farmer using smart phones, they do not have internet connection always. 9. Feedback of the farmers involved:

• Uzhavan application provides information specific to their location. It saves their time spent on seeking information. • e-NAM and Kisan Suvidha provides only few crop and marketing information. Hence it is of less important as it provides information only on Paddy, Groundnut etc. It provides information only related to North Indian crops like wheat, soyabeans etc. • The information provided in these two apps are only limited on each crop. 10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: • Uzhavan application needs internet connection to perform basic operations. So, developing it as offline and ready use application will be more useful to farmers. Regarding Market information, recent price of the commodities should be updated. • Uzhavan mobile application found to be more useful to the farmers. 6. OFT on Assessment of Fall Army Worm management practices in maize

1. Thematic area: Integrated pest management

2. Title: Assessment of Fall Army Worm management practices in maize

3. Scientist involved : SMS (Plant protection), SMS (Agronomy)

4. Details of farming situation:

The study was carried out through on farm trials during Kharif season of 2019 at Puliyankuzhi village in T.Palur block in Ariyalur district, with the objectives to assess the management strategies of Fall Army Worm in maize under irrigated condition. Maize is being grown in Ariyalur district in an area of 13,550 ha. and 456 ha. in this operational village Puliyankuzhi. It is cultivated in irrigated condition and the soil type is red loamy with the soil pH of 7.5 to 8.0 .The available NPK Status of the soil was120:26:26 kg/ha. Fall Army Worm causes very severe damage to crop at all stages including cob formation stage. The private hybrid NK 6240 is the ruling hybrid in

29 this areas and the time of sowing was July 3rd Week and harvesting done during second week of October. In this area five farmers having one acre of field was selected and compared the farmers practices with recommended package of practices. 5. Problem identification / Description • Indiscriminate use of pesticide led to non control of pest and increased cost of cultivation. • Fall Army Worm incidence resulted in damage of leaves and cobs. • Yield reduction upto 30 %. 6. Technology assessed TO1: Farmers practice • No seed treatment with pesticide. • Spray of higher doses of Chloropyriphos or Profenophos or cypermethrin whenever they noticed the symptoms of FAW leaves damage. TO2: TNAU capsule /package of practices • Seed Treatment with Beaveria bassiana @10g/kg. of seed • Soil application of Neem cake @250kg/ha. • Inter and border crop raised • Installation of FAW Pheromone traps @25/ha. • Foliar application of 2% Neem formulation @25 DAS • Foliar application of Metarhizium anisopliae @ 4kg/ha of water at 45 DAS • Foliar application of Fortenza duo / Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @250g/ha. 7. Critical inputs

S.No. Critical Inputs Quantity/trial Amount (Rs.) 1 Fortenza duo 200 ml. 200 2 Metarhizium anisopliae 2 kg. 600 3 EPN 3 kg. 1000 4 Pheramone traps 20 Nos. 400 5 Neem formulation 1.5 lit. 1000 6 Intercrop seeds One packet 250 7 Emamectin benzoate 2 times 800 Total 4250

8. Results:

Table 1: Parameters related to Fall Army Worm incidence and yield due to different practices Technology No. of infested leaves No. of larva / Grain yield No. of Trials option per plant plant (q/ha.) TO1 5 27 4 48.00 TO2 5 29 2 51.80

Table 2: Economics of different IPM technology in Fall Army Worm assessed Technology Gross Cost Gross Income Net Income BCR Marketability option (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) Technology 1 52,640 91,200 38,560 1.73 Good (Farmers Practice) Technology 2 48,640 98,420 49,780 2.02 Excellent (TNAU Capsule)

Description of results The results of the OFT reveals that the technology capsules recommended by TNAU (TO”) was effective in management of FAW in Maize. There was the considerable reduction in number of leaves affected by FAW per plant by adopting the TNAU capsules at it recorded 21 damaged leaves per plant whereas 27 leaves per plant in the case of Farmers practice. The TNAU technology could reduce the number of larvae per plant to the tune of 50 percent. There was the 8 percent yield over the Farmers practice (48 q/ha.) by the TNAU capsule of technologies (51.8 q/ha.). The BCR obtained was 1 : 1.73 and 1 : 2.02 respectively for the Farmers practice and TNAU capsule of technologies. 9. Feedback of the farmers involved: • It is difficult to follow all the practices recommended by TNAU • There is no assurance to get these inputs at our local pesticide shops 10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: • In the Integrated pest management practice all the methods should be follow to get better control of Fall Army Worm and get more yield. • The farmers face difficulty in getting the inputs required to adopt all the practices. • There is no adult moth catches in the pheromone trap notices throughout the trial but there was the larvae in the crop. Further exploration in this regard is needed.

3.D. FRONTLINE DEMONSTRATION a. Follow-up of FLDs implemented during previous years

Details of Horizontal spread of popularization technology S. Technology Crop/Enterprise Thematic Area methods suggested No demonstrated No. of No. of Area to the Extension villages farmers in ha system 1 Finger millet ICM Cultivation of Ragi OFT & Training 10 42 32 CO(Ra)15 2 Paddy ICM ICM in Direct FLD & Training 6 58 45 Sown Paddy Anna 4 3 Blackgram ICM Inter cropping of OFT & Training 15 68 55 Casurina with blackgram during the first year 4 Blackgram INM Foliar spraying of OFT & Training 60 152 125 pulse wonder in Blackgram 5 Paddy ICM Cultivation of Paddy FLD & Training 15 50 42 CO (R) 52 variety 6 Pearl millet ICM Cultivation of Bajra FLD & Training 18 5 4 CO 10 7 Sugarcane soil water Use of Soil Moisture FLD, Training & 25 110 58 conservation Indicator tool for Newspaper coverage scheduling of irrigation in Sugarcane 8 Fodder crops varietal Cultivation of FLD & Training 60 112 78 introduction fodder Cowpea Co 9 9 Blackgram ICM Cultivation of CFLD & training 180 260 180 Blackgram VBN6/8 10 Forage Seed production Fodder seed Training & Field 110 230 175 production advisory services CO(FS)29/31 11 Groundnut varietal Cultivation of CFLD & training 165 290 155 introduction Groundnut variety Dharani 12 Cotton IPM Red gram & castor FLD, Training & 114 198 178 as inter crop and radio talk border crop variety in cotton 13 Groundnut Mechanization Mechanization of Training & Method 45 235 188 groundnut demonstration cultivation 14 Soil Test INM Soil test based Method 56 210 176 fertilizer application Demonstration & Field advisory services 15 Groundnut INM Foliar spraying of Training & Method 88 187 160 groundnut rich in demonstration Groundnut 16 Integrated IFS Integrated Farming Training & Radio 26 230 185 Farming System System talk 17 Organic farming Organic farming Production of onsite Training & Method 14 220 192 inputs demonstration 18 Cotton INM Nutrient Training & Method 33 210 182 management in demonstration cotton including cotton plus 19 Sugarcane Resource Composting of OFT & Training 38 120 80 conservation Agricultural waste through NCOF waste decomposer

20 Paddy & Seed treatment Seed treatment with Training & Method 125 246 184 Groundnut Pseudomonas & demonstration Trichoderma viride in paddy and groundnut 21 Forage Mixed fodder Mixed fodder Training & Method 65 189 171 production demonstration 22 Vegetables Nutritional diet Nutrition Training & Method 26 120 111 garden/School demonstration garden 23 Nursery Nursery Nursery Production Training & Method 15 30 22 demonstration 24 Drumstick and ICM Intercropping of Training & Field 155 213 158 Groundnut Drumstick + advisory services Groundnut 25 Tuberose Precision Hi-Tech Tuberose Training & Field 32 198 182 farming cultivation advisory services 26 Cashewnut Soil & water Soil & water Training & Field 97 142 125 conservation conservation advisory services practices in cashewnut 27 Cashewnut ICM Intercropping Training & Field 75 256 214 blackgram & fodder advisory services crops in cashewnut 28 Cashewnut IPM Management of Tea Training & Field 55 230 189 Mosquito bug in advisory services cashewnut 29 Cashewnut IPM Stem borer Method 128 180 164 management Demonstration & through Sealer cum Field advisory healer in cashewnut services 30 Maize IPM Fall Army worm Training, Method 102 350 302 Management in demonstration & Maize Field advisory service 31 Tuberose IPM Nematode Training & Method 22 125 115 management in demonstration tuberose 32 Brinjal IPM Use of pheromone Training & Method 28 140 125 traps for control of demonstration fruit & shoot borer in Brinjal 33 Groundnut IPDM Root rot OFT & Training 33 50 35 Management using bio products and chemicals in groundnut 34 Mushroom ICM Mushroom Training & Field 12 160 125 production advisory services 35 Poultry Varietal Production of desi Training & Field 44 130 114 introduction poultry chicks advisory services 36 Animal Herbal garden Ethno veterinary Training & Method 33 125 98 husbandry practices in demonstration livestock 37 Fish Fish rearing Composite fish Training & Method 12 120 101 culture demonstration 38 Fish Fish rearing Intensive culture of Training & Method 14 140 125 GIFT [Thilapia] fish demonstration 39 Animal Balanced animal Use of Mineral Training & Field 24 120 104 husbandry diet mixture in dairy advisory services 40 Animal Balanced animal Azolla cultivation Training & Method 29 254 215 husbandry diet and feeding animals demonstration & birds 41 Animal Animal pest and Timely deworming Training & Method 33 180 164 husbandry disease in large and small demonstration management ruminats

42 Animal Animal pest and Use of mastiguard in Training & Method 18 210 184 husbandry disease dairy animals demonstration management 43 Animal Animal pest and First Kid kit for Training & Method 22 168 135 husbandry disease livestock demonstration management 44 Animal Poultry Low cost manual Training & Method 28 250 195 husbandry hatchery for chicks demonstration ponds 45 Dairy Value addition value addition of Training & Method 12 1 group 1 milk demonstration (20 Nos.) 46 Dairy Value addition Value addition in Training & Method 8 1 group 1 cashewnut demonstration (20 Nos.) 47 Vegetable Value addition Value Addition in FLD & Training 24 1 group 1 Brinjal to convert (20 waste into wealth Nos.) 48 Paddy Varietal Cultivation of OFT & Training 25 35 25 introduction Paddy TKM 13 49 Paddy Water AWD Panipipe FLD & Training 31 45 33 conservation technology in paddy 50 Paddy Varietal Cultivation of Paddy OFT & Training 35 56 41 introduction DRR Dhan 45 variety 51 Tuberose Varietal Cultivation of OFT & Training 28 75 65 introduction tuberose Prajwal Variety 52 Cotton IPDM IPDM in Cotton FLD & Training 44 96 88

53 Castor Varietal Cultivation of FLD & Training 23 102 79 introduction Castor variety YRCH 2 54 Vegetable Drudgery Uses of bhendi ring FLD & Training 15 76 61 reduction cutter 55 Vegetable Nutritional diet Uses of Nutrigarden FLD & Training 25 80 59 56 Paddy Mechanization Mechanization of Training & Radio 35 125 110 Transplanting in talk Paddy 57 Pulses INM 2% DAP spray in Training & Field 135 130 105 pulses advisory services 58 Nursery Nursery Vegetable seedling Training & Field 55 120 98 production production through advisory services protray 59 Cashewnut ICM ICM in cashew Training & Field 87 150 122 advisory services 60 Soil Test INM Soil test based Training & Method 178 140 105 fertilizer application demonstration in all crops 61 Sugarcane Water Importance of soil Training 54 120 94 conservation Moisture indicator 62 Groundnut Mechanization Mechanization in Training 55 125 98 Groundnut 63 Forage Seed production Fodder seed Training 24 140 115 production CO5 slips & CO(FS)31 64 Vermiculture Organic farming Vermicompost Training & Method 18 135 120 production demonstration techniques 65 Vegetable Precision Precision farming Training 35 120 190 farming 66 Animal IFM Integrated feed Training & Field 45 120 96 Husbandry management in advisory services cattle 67 Animal IPDM Integrated disease Training & Field 68 125 92 Husbandry management in advisory services

sheep and goat 68 Animal Biomass Mixed fodder Training & Field 78 130 108 Husbandry cultivation advisory services 69 Fish Fish rearing Stunted yearlings for Training & Field 35 140 112 seasonal ponds advisory services b. Details of FLDs

Season Source No. of Reasons for Sl. Thematic Technology Area (ha) Crop and of farmers/demonstration shortfall in No. area Demonstrated year funds Proposed Actual SC/ST Others Total achievement Cereals 1 Paddy Resource Demonstration Rabi ICAR 4 4 1 9 10 --- Conservation of Pani pipe 2019 technology Millets 2 Ragi Varietal Demonstration Kharif ICAR 2 2 -- 5 5 -- Introduction of Finger 2019 millet variety CO (Ra) 15 Commercial Crops 3 Cotton ICM Demonstration Kharif ICAR 2 2 1 4 5 -- of ICM 2019 practices in Cotton 4 Sugarcane Value Demonstration Rabi ICAR -- -- 1 4 5 -- addition on Liquid 2109 Jaggery production Technologies Oilseeds 5 Groundnut ICM Demonstration Rabi ICAR 2 2 1 4 5 -- of inter and 2109 border crops in Rainfed Groundnut as alternate to Maize crop 6 Groundnut IPDM Demonstration Rabi ICAR 2 2 1 4 5 --- of IPDM in 2019 irrigated Ground nut 7 Sesame ICM Demonstration Rabi ICAR 4 4 -- 10 10 --- of Sesame 2019 variety VRI 3 for drought tolerance and high yield 8 Castor Varietal Demonstration Kharif ICAR 2 2 -- 5 5 -- Introduction of High 2019 & ICM yielding wilt resistant Castor Hybrid - YRCH 2 Pulses 9 Blackgram Varietal Demonstration Rabi ICAR 4 4 1 9 10 -- Introduction of Black gram 2019 & ICM variety ADT 6 for Rice fallow condition Horticultural Crops 10 Drumstick ICM Demonstration Rabi ICAR 2 2 1 4 5 -- of ICM in 2019 Drumstick 11 Brinjal Resource Demonstration Kharif ICAR 2 2 1 4 5 -- Conservation of Soil 2019 Moisture Indicator tool for scheduling of irrigation in brinjal

12 Bhendi Drudgery Demonstration Kharif ICAR 4 4 1 9 10 -- reduction of bhendi ring 2019 cutter 13 Nutritional ICM Demonstration Rabi ICAR 0.2 0.2 -- 5 5 -- Garden on Nutri- 2019 garden

14 Watermelon ICM Demonstration Rabi ICAR 2 2 -- 5 5 -- of ICM in 2019 watermelon

Livestock 15 Dairy Disease Demonstration 2019 ICAR -- -- 3 7 10 Management on veterinary first aid kit 16 Dairy Disease Demonstration 2019 ICAR -- -- 2 8 10 Management on management of Metabolic disorder in cow

c. Details of farming situation

Farming Status of soil Seasonal No. of Previous Sowing Harvest Crop Season situation Soil type rainfall rainy N P K crop date date (RF/Irrigated) (mm) days Paddy Rabi Irrigated Clay loam 195 23 121 Blackgram 31.8.18 12.1.19 472.1 22 Bajra Kharif Rainfed Red 221 27 133 Paddy 1.8.19 2.11.19 472.1 22 Ragi Kharif Irrigated Clay 191 22 112 Groundnut 2.7.19 18.10.19 472.1 22 loam Little Millet Kharif Irrigated Clay loam 186 23 105 Paddy 24.7.19 22.10.19 472.1 23 Cotton Kharif Rainfed Black 181 21 125 Cotton 8.8.19 24.1.20 472.1 23 Sugarcane Rabi Irrigated Clay loam 173 28 146 Sugarcane 12.6.19 7.6.20 562 29 Groundnut Rabi Rainfed Red 187 29 158 Drumstick 25.9.19 31.3.19 232 12 Groundnut Rabi Irrigated Red 171 21 166 Drumstick 22.9.19 28.3.20 232 12 Sesame Rabi Rainfed Clay loam 192 19 172 Paddy 5.2.19 7.5.19 201 11 Castor Kharif Rainfed Clay loam 188 22 134 Maize 8.8.19 22.1.20 472 27 Blackgram Rabi Irrigated Clay loam 168 23 148 Paddy 9.10.19 10.1.20 232 12 Drumstick Rabi Irrigated Red 174 25 166 Groundnut 13.6.19 11.6.20 562 26 Brinjal Kharif Irrigated Sandy 182 25 179 Groundnut 11.5.19 14.10.20 232 12 loam Bhendi Kharif Irrigated Clay loam 194 27 185 Brinjal 15.6.19 20.10.19 232 12 Nutritional Rabi Irrigated Red 177 29 191 Banana 29.7.19 12.12.19 460 26 Garden Watermelon Rabi Irrigated Clay loam 189 24 166 Drumstick 7.1.20 15.3.20 201 9 d. Technical Feedback on the demonstrated technologies

S. Crop Feed Back No 1 Paddy • By this very low cost technology, no. of irrigation has reduced from 16 to 10 and saved 6 no. of irrigation which is very useful for low water level borewell and by rental water using farmers. • Alternate wetting and drying method of irrigation resulted in more productive tillers which leads to higher yield. • Even though weed problem is there which not affect yield attributes • The beneficial insects like water scavenger and spider activities are less due to AWD irrigation • Recommended to Summer and low water level area of Paddy cultivation blocks. • Environmental safe by very less emission of methane gas. 2 Ragi • Highly tolerant to lodging and neck blast. • Observed more no. of fingers (8-10/panicle) than local variety (5-6/panicle) which leads to get 21% more yield (32.2 q/ha) than local variety (24.8 q/ha).

• Requires only one pesticide spray for controlling sucking pest. • More suitable for both rainfed and irrigated condition. 3 Cotton • Farmers are spending more money for spraying of pesticides • The introduced technology reduces the cost of cultivation • The installation of the pheromone traps control the population of the Spodoptera and Helicoverpa pest. • The yellow sticky traps control the small flying and sucking insects 4 Sugarcane Recovery percentage is high (22.75%) but the shelf life is bit lesser than farmers practice (Jaggery) 5 Groundnut • Due to the pest problem Fall Army Worm in Maize crop (26%), Groundnut act as alternate crop with inter and border crops to reduce the pest problem. • Redgram act as barrier crop to control the major pest of Groundut and get additional income (14%) 6 Groundnut • Introduced organic cultivation in Groundnut crop • Pheromone trap is used to control Spodoptera and Helicoverpa pest • Foliar application of Azardiractin 400 ml/acre control the sucking pest • The installation of solar light traps 1 No./acre act at pest monitoring tool every morning to visit and after take the spraying activity 7 Sesame • Observed good drought tolerance and growth of the plant at rainfed condition. • Observed very less incidence of wilt disease and shoot webber damage. • Noticed good yield (6.48 q/ha) than local existing varieties (5.2 q/ha) at rainfed condition. • Marketability is good even though it is white type. 8 Castor • The general appearance of bunches and growth of the Castor crop hybrid YRCH2 is very good and got better yield (25.2 q/ha) than local variety (19.40 q/ha). • Good drought tolerant (upto 20 days drought spell) observed in the hybrid YRCH2. • YRCH2 hybrid is moderately tolerant to capsule borer and Castor semi looper. • Observed better wilt resistant in YRCH2 Castor. 9 Blackgram • ADT 6 observed very good alternate for existing rice fallow Blackgram variety ADT 5. • Observed moderate resistance to Yellow Mosaic Virus, leaf crinkle and powdery mildew disease. • ADT 6 Blackgram variety is good in making dishes like idli, vada due to its high batter volume producing capacity than ADT 5. 10 Drumstick Under Progress 11 Brinjal • This soil moisture indicator tool was helpful to the farmers to save 30% irrigation water and this is very helpful for the farmers who borrow water from nearby farmers who have borewells on cost basis. 12 Bhendi • Itching and wounds reduced to the labours who used to harvest Bhendi without gloves. • Reduced labour costs and harvest efficiency increased in Bhendi • This Bhendi ring cutter is highly useful if harvest done after two days of irrigation. i.e. in dry field condition. 13 Nutritional • Per capita consumption rate has increased and nutritional security ensured. Garden • Unutilized area and waste water have been utilized and market expenditures for purchase of vegetables curtailed. 14 Watermelon • ICM practices like soil test based fertilizer application, seed treatment, vegetable special spraying, Arka microbial consortia application and yellow sticky trap has helped the Watermelon farmers to get higher yield (340.5 q/ha).

Livestock 15 Dairy Demonstration on Veterinary First Aid Kit • By using first aid kit emergency treatment like wound and indigestion problem are treated without help of professional. • The time required for treatment of serious illness is postponed till the arrival of veterinary/professional (eg. Lactacidosis) • The income from milch animal are improved compared to animal treated without first kit. 16 Dairy Demonstration on management of Metabolic disease (ketosis ) in cow • Timely diagnosis of animal helped in timely treatment of the condition. • Timely treatment helped in improvement of farmer’s income by high milk yield (recovered by 15 days) compared to farmers without this kit (recovered after 2 month) • Subclinical cases were also identified by using this kit. e. Farmers’ reactions on specific technologies

S. Crop Feed Back No 1 Paddy • The Pani-pipe technology gives more income by increasing additional cropping area from saved water. 2 Ragi • It earns more income due to high yield. • Cost of cultivation reduced to only one spray of pesticide for sucking pest control. 3 Cotton • No. of spraying is reduced. Yield has been increased . • Spraying of NAA and Cotton plus has been reduced the shedding of squares. 4 Sugarcane • Good technology for income generating activity. It tastes good and replaces white sugar. • Its high cost (Rs.150/lit) hinders the marketing of liquid Jaggary when compared to Jaggary. 5 Groundnut • Reduced the spraying cost and additional income from Regram and Castor 6 Groundnut • It is very simple technology • Low cost of pheromone traps compare to pesticides • Seed treatment with Pseudomonas root rot problem is reduced 7 Sesame • Observed good drought tolerance and growth of the plant at rainfed condition. 8 Castor • The seed colour and size is better in YRCH2 than local variety. • Marketability is very high for YRCH2. 9 Blackgram • Observed moderate resistance to Yellow Mosaic Virus, leaf crinkle and powdery mildew disease. 10 Drumstick • Under Progress 11 Brinjal • Soil Moisture Indicator tool is very useful for scheduling of irrigation for vegetables. • This soil moisture indicator has helped to reduce 5 irrigations and get higher yield. 12 Bhendi • Apart from Bhendi harvest it works well in gourds harvest and marigold flower harvest. • Manual harvest using hands/fingers finds best if harvest done immediately after irrigation. • Reduces drudgery such s thumb finger pain and shoulder pain while harvesting gourds using ring cutter and time efficiency also observed. 13 Nutritional • Expressed their satisfaction in producing chemical free vegetables for their Garden consumption.

14 Watermelon • Spraying of IIHR vegetable special and soil application of Arka microbial consortia has helped us to get higher yield. • Soil test based fertilizer application, Pheromone trap and yellow stick trap helped us to reduce 3 rounds of pesticide spraying. Livestock 15 Dairy  Demonstration on Veterinary First Aid Kit

 The kit was very helpful during Covid-19 lockdown period, when availability of veterinary drugs and services were minimum. 16 Dairy  Demonstration on management of Metabolic disease (ketosis ) in cow  Kit was very useful for timely diagnosis of condition.  Treatment cost was minimized and milk yield was increased. f. Extension and Training activities under FLD

Sl. No. of activities Number of Remarks Activity Date No. organised participants 1 Field days 4 26.09.19 106 -- 23.10.19 14.10.19 08.01.20 2 Farmers Training 12 08.07.19 180 -- 25.07.19 06.08.19 20.08.19 28.08.19 03.09.09 12.09.19 26.09.19 10.10.19 23.10.19 14.11.19 28.11.19 3 Media coverage 3 28.09.19 Mass -- 24.10.19 09.01.20 4 Training for 2 13.09.19 30 -- extension 21.11.19 functionaries

39 g. Performance of Frontline demonstrations i) Frontline demonstrations on crops Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of check % Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha) Thematic Technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) Crop Increase Area demonstrated Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Demo Check Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Pulses Blackgram Varietal Demonstration of ADT 6 T 9 10 4 8.2 5.9 6.8 5.6 21 19500 47600 28100 1:2.44 20100 39300 19200 1:1.96 Introduction Black gram variety ADT 6 for Rice fallow condition Oilseeds Groundnut ICM Demonstration of Dharani VRI 2 5 2 31.4 27.1 28.45 26.8 6 60600 162600 102000 1:2.68 24300 48800 24500 1:2.01 inter and border crops in Rainfed groundnut as alternate to Maize crop Groundnut IPM Demonstration of GJG 9 VRI 2 5 2 24.1 19.2 21 17.7 19 46160 126000 79840 1:2.73 44800 106200 61400 1:2.37 IPDM in Groundnut Sesame Varietal Demonstration of VRI 3 TMV 4 10 4 7.4 5.8 6.48 5.25 23 21250 58820 37070 1:2.74 21370 47240 25870 1:2.21 Introduction Sesame variety VRI 3 for drought tolerance and high yield Castor Varietal Demonstration of YRCH 2 -- 5 2 28.6 22.4 25.2 19.4 30 36500 103250 66750 2.83 41750 80120 38370 1:1.92 Introduction High yielding wilt resistant Castor Hybrid - YRCH 2 Cereals Paddy Resource Demonstration on CR1009 CR1009 10 4 56.3 51.3 54.15 46.1 17 46250 120650 74400 1:2.61 53750 102821 49071 1:1.91 Conservation Panipipe technology & alternate wetting &drying in Paddy Commercial crops Cotton ICM Demonstration on RCH II RCH II 5 2 17.4 13.8 15.86 13.3 19 37270 82472 45202 1:2.21 34860 69160 34300 1:1.98 ICM practices in Cotton

Millets Varietal Demonstration on CO(Ra)15 Local 5 2 34.4 28.6 32.2 24.8 21 31750 88000 56250 1:2.77 33250 69071 35821 1:2.08 Finger millet Introduction finger millet variety variety CO(Ra)15 Barnyard Varietal Demonstration on MDU 1 Local 5 2 16.3 11.8 13.55 11.21 19 25500 67700 42200 1:2.65 24750 56050 31300 1:2.26 millet Introduction Barnyard Millet variety Vegetables Brinjal Resource Demonstration of Parul Ammu 5 2 318.4 290.2 10 96550 318000 221450 1:3.29 98430 296000 197570 1:3.01 Conservation Soil Moisture Indicating tool for scheduling of irrigation in brinjal Other Nutrition Demonstration on -- -- 5 0.2 1.4 0.8 1.2 0 0 3210 6910 3700 1:2.15 0 0 0 0 vegetables garden Nutri-garden

Fruits Water melon ICM Demonstration of Apoorva Apoorva 5 2 340.5 285.2 19 49705 68100 18395 1:1.37 48641 57040 8399 1:1.17 ICM in watermelon Plantation ------crops Spices and ------condiments Flowers ------* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST

41 ii) Frontline demonstrations on Livestock

No.of Units Major parameters(Milk % Economics of check Name of the Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) Thematic No. of (Animal/ Yield lit/month/cow) change (Rs.) Category technology area Farmer Poultry/ in major Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR demonstrated Demo Check Demo Check Birds, etc) parameter Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Cattle Cow Disease Demonstration on 10 10 240 210 14 3900 7680 3780 1:1.97 3850 6720 2870 1:1.75 Management veterinary first aid kit Cow Disease Demonstration on 10 10 1015 905 12 16740 32480 1:2.94 16605 28960 1.2.74 Management management of Metabolic disorder in cow

Buffalo ------Dairy ------Poultry ------Sheep ------Goat ------

* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST iii) Frontline demonstrations on Fisheries

Economics of check Name of the Major parameters % change Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) Thematic No. of No.of (Rs.) Category technology in major area Farmer units Demons Demons Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR demonstrated Check parameter Check ration ration Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) ------

* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST

42 iv) Frontline demonstrations on other enterprises

Economics of demonstration (Rs.) or Economics of check Name of the Major parameters % change Other parameter No. of No.of Rs./unit (Rs.) or Rs./unit Category technology in major Farmer units Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR demonstrated Demo Check parameter Demo Check Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Mushroom ------Apiculture ------Maize Sheller ------Bhendi ring cutter Demonstration of 10 -- 26 21.5 21 26 0 71900 175600 103700 1:2.44 79400 175600 96200 1:2.21 bhendi ring cutter Value Addition Sugarcane Liquid Jaggery from 20 1 Recovery 19.74 Shelf life 185 1970 1:2.37 475 475 1:2 19 1440 Sugarcane juice % 22.75 175 Vermi Compost ------

v) Frontline demonstrations on Women Empowerment : Nil vi) Frontline demonstrations on Farm Implements and Machinery : Nil vii) Frontline demonstrations on Other Enterprise: Kitchen Gardening :

Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of check % Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha) Thematic Technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) Crop Increase Area demonstrated Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Demo Check Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Other Nutrition Demonstration on -- -- 5 0.2 1.4 0.8 1.2 0 0 3210 6910 3700 1:2.15 0 0 0 0 vegetables garden Nutri-garden

viii) Frontline demonstrations on crop hybrids (Details of Hybrid FLDs implemented during 2019-20) : Nil h) FLDs conducted with the FUNDING OF OTHER SOURCES including CFLD/ATMA/NABARD/other ICAR institutes etc : Nil

43 i) Other Source funded FLDS in CROPS

Name of the Economics of demonstration Economics of check Yield (q/ha) % Source of Thematic technology Variety/ Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) Crop Increase fund Area demonstrated Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Domo Check Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Groundnut NFSM Varietal ICM in GJG-7 VRI-2 25 10 22.59 20.36 21.78 17.5 24.46 37610 97107 59497 2.58 35,963 61,200 25,237 1.70 Introduction Groundnut Blackgram NFSM Varietal ICM in VBN-8 VBN-5 25 10 7.4 5.8 6.7 5.3 26.4 21550 40200 18650 1.87 20500 31800 11300 1.55 Introduction Blackgram & ICM VBN 8 ii) Other Source funded FLDS in Livestock : Nil iii) Other Source funded FLDS in Fisheries : Nil iv) Other Source funded FLDS in Other enterprises : Nil v) Other Source funded FLDS in Women Empowerment : Nil vi) Other Source funded FLDS in Farm Implements and Machinery : Nil

4. TRAINING PROGRAMMES

4.1. Farmers’ Training including sponsored training programmes (on campus) Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total I Crop Production Resource Conservation 1 22 2 24 2 3 5 24 5 29 Technologies Integrated Crop Management 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 Soil & water conservation Total 2 42 2 44 2 3 5 44 5 49 II Horticulture a) Vegetable Crops Production of low value and 1 21 0 21 0 0 0 21 0 21 high valume crops Total (a) 1 21 0 21 0 0 0 21 0 21 b) Fruits Cultivation of Fruit 1 11 2 13 2 5 7 13 7 20 Hi tech Tuberose cultivation 1 37 3 40 0 0 0 37 3 40 Total (b) 2 48 5 53 2 5 7 50 10 60 c) Ornamental Plants ------d) Plantation crops ------e) Tuber crops ------f) Spices ------g) Medicinal and Aromatic ------Plants GT (a-g) 3 69 5 74 2 5 7 71 10 81 III Soil Health and Fertility Management Soil fertility management 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 Total 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 IV Livestock Production and Management Dairy Management 1 26 21 47 26 21 47 Poultry Management 3 91 23 114 30 15 45 121 38 159 Goat management 2 19 3 22 1 0 1 20 3 23 Others (pl specify) Total 6 136 47 183 31 15 46 167 62 229 V Home Science/Women empowerment Household food security by 2 21 60 81 -- -- 21 60 81 21 kitchen gardening and nutrition gardening Storage loss minimization 1 37 4 41 -- -- 37 4 41 37 techniques Value addition 3 28 31 59 1 8 9 29 39 68 Location specific drudgery 1 9 10 19 1 1 10 10 20 reduction technologies Total 7 95 105 200 2 8 10 97 113 210 VI Agril. Engineering VII Plant Protection Integrated Pest Management 2 55 55 2 0 2 57 0 57 Bio-control of pests and 1 13 7 20 0 0 0 13 7 20 diseases Total 3 68 7 75 2 0 2 70 7 77 VIII Fisheries Planting material production 1 10 4 14 1 0 1 11 4 15 Vermi-compost production 1 122 4 126 18 3 21 140 7 147 Mushroom Production 1 14 23 37 0 0 0 14 23 37 Total 3 146 31 177 19 3 22 165 34 199

Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total X Capacity Building and Group Dynamics Leadership development 1 24 1 25 1 0 1 25 1 26 Group dynamics 1 16 13 29 0 0 16 13 29 Formation and Management 1 0 0 0 18 2 20 18 2 20 of SHGs Total 3 40 14 54 19 2 21 59 16 75 XI Agro-forestry Production technologies 1 64 0 64 2 0 2 66 0 66 Total 1 64 0 64 2 0 2 66 0 66 GRAND TOTAL 29 680 211 891 79 36 115 759 247 1006

4.2 Farmers’ Training including sponsored training programmes (off campus) Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total I Crop Production Weed Management 1 23 18 41 4 1 5 27 19 46 Resource Conservation 1 17 5 22 0 0 0 17 5 22 Technologies Crop Diversification 1 12 7 19 0 0 0 12 7 19 Integrated Farming 1 0 4 4 25 12 37 25 16 41 Micro Irrigation/irrigation 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 20 Seed production 1 14 6 20 0 0 0 14 6 20 Nursery management 1 21 18 39 0 0 0 21 18 39 Integrated Crop Management 6 65 11 76 48 37 85 113 48 161 Soil & water conservation 1 14 2 16 0 0 0 14 2 16 Integrated nutrient 1 24 0 24 0 0 0 24 0 24 management Total 15 210 71 281 77 50 127 287 121 408 II Horticulture a) Vegetable Crops Production of low value and 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 high value crops Off-season vegetables 1 18 0 18 0 0 0 18 0 18 ICM in Drumstick 1 0 0 0 5 2 7 5 2 7 Total (a) 3 38 0 38 5 2 7 43 2 45 b) Fruits Cultivation of Fruit 1 12 0 12 9 0 9 21 0 21 Rejuvenation of old orchards 1 18 23 41 0 0 0 18 23 41 Hi tech Tuberose cultivation 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 Marigold cultivation 1 17 2 19 0 0 0 17 2 19 techniques Total (b) 4 67 25 92 9 0 9 76 25 101 c) Ornamental Plants d) Plantation crops Production and Management 2 38 21 59 0 0 0 38 21 59 technology Total (d) 2 38 21 59 0 0 0 38 21 59 e) Tuber crops f) Spices g) Medicinal and Aromatic

Plants GT (a-g) 9 143 46 189 14 2 16 157 48 205 III Soil Health and Fertility

Management Soil fertility management 1 20 2 22 2 1 3 22 3 25 Management of Problematic 1 35 8 43 4 1 5 39 9 48 soils Micro nutrient deficiency in 1 18 3 21 2 3 5 20 6 26

Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total crops Balance use of fertilizers 1 33 4 37 3 2 5 36 6 42 Total 4 106 17 123 11 7 18 117 24 141 IV Livestock Production and Management Dairy Management 1 0 0 0 19 15 34 19 15 34 Poultry Management 1 0 0 0 0 19 19 0 19 19 Total 2 0 0 0 19 34 53 19 34 53 V Home Science/Women empowerment Household food security by kitchen gardening and 3 144 144 0 68 68 0 212 212 nutrition gardening Designing and development for high nutrient efficiency 1 23 25 48 0 0 0 23 25 48 diet Value addition 2 20 35 55 0 0 0 20 35 55 Women empowerment 1 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 10 10 Women and child care 1 0 25 25 0 0 0 0 25 25 Total 8 43 239 282 0 68 68 43 307 350 VI Agril. Engineering VII Plant Protection Integrated Pest Management 9 177 29 206 16 6 22 193 35 228 Integrated Disease 3 65 26 91 31 13 44 96 39 135 Management Bio-control of pests and 3 86 15 101 36 0 36 122 15 137 diseases Total 15 328 70 398 83 19 102 411 89 500 VIII Fisheries IX Production of Inputs at site Planting material production 1 36 0 36 0 0 0 36 0 36 Vermi-compost production 1 20 3 23 0 0 0 20 3 23 Small tools and implements 1 28 3 31 5 0 5 33 3 36 Mushroom Production 3 43 33 76 20 6 26 63 39 102 Total 6 127 39 166 25 6 31 152 45 197 X Capacity Building and

Group Dynamics Leadership development 2 14 6 20 24 15 39 38 21 59 Group dynamics 3 29 0 29 1 15 16 30 15 45 Formation and Management 3 0 0 0 20 40 60 20 40 60 of SHGs Entrepreneurial development 2 14 27 41 5 20 25 19 47 66 of farmers/youths Total 10 57 33 90 52 90 142 109 123 232 XI Agro-forestry GRAND TOTAL 69 1014 515 1529 281 276 557 1295 791 2086

4.3 Farmers’ Training including sponsored training programmes – CONSOLIDATED (On + Off campus) Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total I Crop Production Weed Management 1 23 18 41 4 1 5 27 19 46 Resource Conservation 2 39 7 46 2 3 5 41 10 51 Technologies Crop Diversification 1 12 7 19 0 0 0 12 7 19 Integrated Farming 1 0 4 4 25 12 37 25 16 41 Micro Irrigation/irrigation 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20

Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Seed production 1 14 6 20 0 0 0 14 6 20 Nursery management 1 21 18 39 0 0 0 21 18 39 Integrated Crop 7 85 11 96 48 37 85 133 48 181 Management Soil & water conservation 1 14 2 16 0 0 0 14 2 16 Integrated nutrient 1 24 0 24 0 0 0 24 0 24 management Total 17 252 73 325 79 53 132 331 126 457 II Horticulture a) Vegetable Crops Production of low value 2 41 0 41 0 0 0 41 0 41 and high value crops Off-season vegetables 1 18 0 18 0 0 0 18 0 18 ICM in Drumstick 1 0 0 0 5 2 7 5 2 7 Total (a) 4 59 0 59 5 2 7 64 2 66 b) Fruits Cultivation of Fruit 2 23 2 25 11 5 16 34 7 41 Rejuvenation of old 1 18 23 41 0 0 0 18 23 41 orchards Hi tech Tuberose 2 57 3 60 0 0 0 57 3 60 cultivation Marigold cultivation 1 17 2 19 0 0 0 17 2 19 techniques Total (b) 6 115 30 145 11 5 16 126 35 161 c) Ornamental Plants d) Plantation crops Production and 2 38 21 59 0 0 0 38 21 59 Management technology Total (d) 2 38 21 59 0 0 0 38 21 59 e) Tuber crops f) Spices g) Medicinal and

Aromatic Plants GT (a-g) 12 212 51 263 16 7 23 228 58 286 III Soil Health and

Fertility Management Soil fertility management 2 40 2 42 2 1 3 42 3 45 Management of 1 35 8 43 4 1 5 39 9 48 Problematic soils Micro nutrient deficiency in 1 18 3 21 2 3 5 20 6 26 crops Balance use of fertilizers 1 33 4 37 3 2 5 36 6 42 Total 5 126 17 143 11 7 18 137 24 161 IV Livestock Production and Management Dairy Management 2 26 21 47 19 15 34 45 36 81 Poultry Management 4 91 23 114 30 34 64 121 57 178 Goat Management 2 19 3 22 1 0 1 20 3 23 Others (pl specify) Total 8 136 47 183 50 49 99 186 96 282 V Home Science/Women empowerment Household food security by kitchen gardening and 5 21 204 225 0 68 68 21 272 293 nutrition gardening Designing and development for high nutrient efficiency 1 23 25 48 0 0 0 23 25 48 diet Storage loss minimization 1 37 4 41 0 0 0 37 4 41 techniques Value addition 5 48 66 114 1 8 9 49 74 123 Women empowerment 1 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 10 10

Participants No. of Thematic area Others SC/ST Grand Total courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Location specific drudgery 1 9 10 19 1 0 1 10 10 20 reduction technologies Women and child care 1 0 25 25 0 0 0 0 25 25 Others (pl specify) Total 15 138 344 482 2 76 78 140 420 560 VI Agril. Engineering Total VII Plant Protection Integrated Pest 11 232 29 261 18 6 24 250 35 285 Management Integrated Disease 3 65 26 91 31 13 44 96 39 135 Management Bio-control of pests and 4 99 22 121 36 0 36 135 22 157 diseases Total 18 396 77 473 85 19 104 481 96 577 VIII Fisheries IX Production of Inputs at site Planting material 2 46 4 50 1 0 1 47 4 51 production Vermi-compost production 2 142 7 149 18 3 21 160 10 170 Small tools and implements 1 28 3 31 5 0 5 33 3 36 Mushroom Production 4 57 56 113 20 6 26 77 62 139 Total 9 273 70 343 44 9 53 317 79 396 X Capacity Building and

Group Dynamics Leadership development 3 38 7 45 25 15 40 63 22 85 Group dynamics 4 45 13 58 1 15 16 46 28 74 Formation and 4 0 0 0 38 42 80 38 42 80 Management of SHGs Total 13 97 47 144 71 92 163 168 139 307 XI Agro-forestry Production technologies 1 64 0 64 0 0 0 64 0 64 Total 1 64 0 64 0 0 0 64 0 64 GRAND TOTAL 98 1694 726 2420 358 312 668 2050 1038 3088

4.4 Training for Rural Youths including sponsored training programmes (On campus)

No. of No. of Participants Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nursery Management of Horticulture crops 1 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 20 Integrated farming 1 22 8 30 0 0 0 22 8 30 Production of organic inputs 2 30 12 42 2 0 2 32 12 44 Bee-keeping 1 18 2 20 2 0 2 20 2 22 Value addition 1 31 2 33 2 0 0 33 2 35 Post Harvest Technology 1 0 11 11 0 1 1 0 12 12 Dairying 1 20 15 35 0 0 0 2 15 35 TOTAL 8 141 50 191 6 1 7 147 51 198

4.5 Training for Rural Youth including sponsored training programmes (Off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training General SC/ST Grand Total Courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nursery Management of Horticulture crops 1 20 5 25 0 0 0 20 5 25 Protected cultivation of vegetable crops 1 20 0 20 5 0 5 25 0 25 Integrated farming 1 18 2 20 0 0 0 18 2 20 Seed production 1 24 13 37 6 0 6 30 13 43 Production of organic inputs 1 6 0 6 8 10 18 14 10 24 Planting material production 1 0 0 0 0 47 47 0 47 47

Vermi-culture 1 29 4 33 2 5 7 31 9 40 Value addition 1 3 15 18 2 5 7 5 20 25 Post Harvest Technology 1 26 14 40 0 0 0 26 14 40 TOTAL 9 146 53 199 23 67 90 169 120 289

4.6 Training for Rural Youths including sponsored training programmes–CONSOLIDATED (On + Off campus)

No. of Participants No. of General SC/ST Grand Total Area of training Courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nursery Management of Horticulture crops 2 40 5 45 0 0 0 40 5 45 Protected cultivation of vegetable crops 1 20 0 20 5 0 5 25 0 25 Integrated farming 2 40 10 50 0 0 0 40 10 50 Seed production 1 24 13 37 6 0 6 30 13 43 Production of organic inputs 3 36 12 48 10 10 20 46 22 68 Planting material production 1 0 0 0 0 47 47 0 47 47 Vermi-culture 1 29 4 33 2 5 7 31 9 40 Bee-keeping 1 18 2 20 2 0 2 20 2 22 Value addition 2 34 17 51 4 5 9 38 22 60 Post Harvest Technology 2 26 25 51 0 1 1 26 26 52 Dairying 1 20 15 35 0 0 0 20 15 35 TOTAL 17 287 103 390 29 68 97 316 171 487

4.7 Training programmes for Extension Personnel including sponsored training programmes (On campus)

4.8 Training programmes for Extension Personnel including sponsored training programmes (off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Integrated Pest Management 2 73 7 80 6 3 9 79 10 89 Protected cultivation technology 1 23 11 34 7 8 15 30 19 49 Capacity building for ICT application 1 38 0 38 0 0 0 38 0 38 Management in farm animals 1 26 8 34 2 1 3 28 9 37 Innovative technologies for Doubling the farmers Income 1 17 12 29 9 5 14 26 17 43 TOTAL 6 177 38 215 24 17 41 201 55 256

4.9 Training programmes for Extension Personnel including sponsored training programmes – CONSOLIDATED (On + Off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Productivity enhancement in field crops 1 9 7 16 2 0 2 11 7 18 Integrated Pest Management 2 73 7 80 6 3 9 79 10 89 Rejuvenation of old orchards 1 11 6 17 5 0 5 16 6 22 Protected cultivation technology 1 23 11 34 7 8 15 30 19 49 Group Dynamics and farmers organization 1 27 0 27 0 0 0 27 0 27 Capacity building for ICT application 1 38 0 38 0 0 0 38 0 38 Management in farm animals 1 26 8 34 2 1 3 28 9 37 Innovative technologies for Doubling the farmers Income 1 17 12 29 9 5 14 26 17 43 TOTAL 9 224 51 275 31 17 48 255 68 323

51 4.10 Sponsored training programmes

No. of No. of Participants Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Crop production and management Increasing production and productivity of crops 1 48 1 49 6 0 6 54 1 55 Commercial production of vegetables 1 12 18 30 7 6 13 19 24 43 Production and value addition Production of Inputs at site 1 15 15 5 5 10 20 5 25 Total 3 75 19 94 18 11 29 93 30 123 Post harvest technology and value addition Farm machinery Livestock and fisheries Home Science Agricultural Extension GRAND TOTAL 3 75 19 94 18 11 29 93 30 123

4.11 Name of sponsoring agencies involved

• Irrigation Management & Training Institute, Thuvakudi • Department of Horticulture • Department of Agriculture

4.12 Details of vocational training programmes carried out by KVKs for rural youth

No. of Participants No. of Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Crop production and management Organic farming 1 14 0 14 1 0 1 15 0 15 Cashew production technology 1 28 5 33 14 3 17 42 8 50 Total 2 42 5 47 15 3 18 57 8 65 Post harvest technology and value addition Livestock and fisheries Dairy farming 2 25 20 45 0 0 0 25 20 45 Sheep and goat rearing 1 15 15 0 0 0 15 0 15 Total 3 40 20 60 0 0 0 40 20 60 Income generation activities Farm machinery and 2 25 2 27 3 0 3 28 2 30 implements Seed production 1 16 4 20 0 0 0 16 4 20 Others (pl. specify) Total 3 41 6 47 3 0 3 44 6 50 Agricultural Extension Grand Total 8 123 31 154 18 3 21 141 34 175

52 5. EXTENSION PROGRAMMES 5.1 Extension programmes conducted

No. of No. of No. of Activities Extension TOTAL programmes farmers Personnel Advisory Services 279 895 29 924 Diagnostic visits 42 604 32 636 Field Day 4 106 6 112 Group discussions 19 434 18 452 Kisan Ghosthi 0 0 0 0 Film Show 11 174 8 182 Self -help groups 5 100 2 102 Kisan Mela 2 629 21 1650 Exhibition 8 784 18 802 Scientists' visit to farmers field 12 350 27 377 Plant/animal health camps 2 256 17 273 Farm Science Club 4 62 4 66 Ex-trainees Sammelan 0 0 0 0 Farmers' seminar/workshop 1 154 6 160 Method Demonstrations 29 892 15 907 Celebration of important days 7 1674 30 1704 Special day celebration 3 219 5 224 Exposure visits 5 29 2 31 Awareness programme on right use of 3 157 fertilizers 1 154 Awareness programme on Jal shakthi Abiyan 6 364 2 366 PM Telecast 1 150 9 159 PRA 5 179 5 184 Total 446 8209 259 8468

25.2 Details of other extension programmes

Particulars Number Animal health camps (No. of animals treated) 2 (1968) Newsletters (Tamil) 4 Electronic Media (CD./DVD) 0 Extension Literature 12 Farmers visit to KVK 2969 Lectures delivered as resource persons 23 News paper coverage 35 Popular articles 30 Radio Talks 29 Registration of farmers through AKPS 0 Research articles 2 Success stories 4 TV Talks 38 Total 5114

6. MOBILE ADVISORY SERVICES

6.1. No of registered farmers on m-kisan portal: 31401

6.2 Details of messages sent through m-kisan portal

Types of Other Messages Crop Livestock Weather Marketing Awareness enterprise Total

No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers Text only 20 30904 28 30904 - - - - 4 30904 33 30904 85 30904 Voice ------only Voice & ------Text Total 20 30904 28 30904 - - - - 4 30904 33 30904 85 30904

6.3 MOBILE ADVISORY SERVICES THROUGH OTHERS

No of registered farmers: Types of Other Crop Livestock Weather Marketing Awareness Total Messages enterprise

o of o of

No of messages N farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers Text only 277 4932 113 2192 12 548 24 548 36 548 159 2740 621 11508 Voice only 29 94500 11 42000 - - - - 2 10500 6 31500 48 178500 Voice & 201 201 128 128 23 23 16 16 52 52 214 214 634 634 Text Total 507 99633 252 44320 35 571 40 564 90 11100 379 34454 1303 190642

54 7. DETAILS OF TECHNOLOGY WEEK CELEBRATIONS

Types of Activities No. of Number of Related crop/livestock technology Activities Participants Gosthies Lectures organised 8 590 Exhibition 5 Film show 5  Cultivation aspects in field crops & horticultural Fair crops through Organic way and organic input Farm Visit 5 production Diagnostic Practicals 2  Cashew Cultivation Techniques and Schemes Distribution of Literature (No.) 500 under Horticulture department Distribution of Seed (q) --  Soil Health Management through Organic Way Distribution of Planting  Ethno veterinary practices in livestock materials (No.) --  Roof top gardening Bio Product distribution (Kg) --  Organic farming, organic certification and Bio Fertilizers (q) -- market strategies Distribution of fingerlings -- Distribution of Livestock specimen (No.) -- Total number of farmers visited 590 the technology week

8. PRODUCTION OF SEED/PLANTING MATERIAL AND BIO-PRODUCTS 8.1 Production of seeds by the KVKs (quintal) Seed Seed supplied to farmers Seed supplied produced to other Name of Enterprise Variety Free seed Priced seed agencies crop Qty Value (Rs) Qty No of Value No of Value Qty Value (q) Qty (q) (q) farmers (Rs) farmers (Rs) (q) (Rs) CEREALS OIL SEEDS PULSES Black gram VBN-8 0.8 64000 0.5 62 40000 0.14 12 10490 Total 0.8 64000 0.5 62 40000 0.14 12 10490 Pulses VEGATAB LES FRUITS FLOWERS SPICES FODDER Fodder CO(FS)-29 2.8 140000 1.43 115 71600 Sorghum Desmanthus Velimasal 0.25 17500 21 23 14700 /Hedge lucerne Fodder CO(FS)-31 0.1 5000 9 5 4500 sorghum Azolla 0.36 2175 36.25 32 2175 Total 3.51 164675 67.68 175 92975 Fodder Special Planting Material GREEN MANURE CROPS Grand Total 4.31 228675 05 62 40000 67.82 187 103465 of Seeds

55 8.2 Production of planting materials by the KVKs (seedlings, cuttings. Slips in numbers) Planting material Planting material supplied to farmers produced Planting material supplied to other Free supply Priced agencies Enterprise Name of crop Variety Quantity Value No Qty Quant (Nos) (Rs) No of Value Qty of Value Value (No ity farmers (Rs) (Nos) farm (Rs) (Rs) s) (Nos) ers VEGAT ABLES Chilli seedlings SIERRA 6000 5400 5573 15 5016

Total Vegetable planting 6000 5400 5573 15 5016 materials FRUITS

Mango SINDH 5000 300000 547 112 43760 3940 236400 URA Guava L-49 1500 75000 477 108 23850 886 26580

Jack fruit PLR-1 200 40000 193 52 15440

Lemon BALAJI 500 346 67 27680

Pomegranate MIRD 100 6000 33 22 1980 HULA Sapota PKM-1 240 16800 100 51 7000

Amla NA-7 275 13750 127 45 6350

Total Fruit planting 7815 451550 0 0 0 1823 457 126060 4826 262980 materials Coconut seedlings TALL 700 49000 681 75 47670

Coconut seedlings DWARF 1300 182000 1260 154 176400

Total forest and 2000 2310000 1941 229 224070 plantation crops Super Napier grass 200000 200000 29960 29 24310

Cumbu Napier grass (Co 50000 25000 2150 4 1150 3, Co 4, Co 5 etc) Total Fodder crops 25000 225000 32110 33 25460

Grand Total of Seeds 265815 912950 41447 734 380606 4826 262980

8.3 Production of Bio-Products

Bio-products Bio-products supplied to farmers bio-products Comm produced supplied to ercial Cate Name of the Free distribution Priced other agencies name gory product Qty Value (if Qty No of Qty (kg) (Rs) No of Value Qty Value Value any) (kgs farme (kgs farmers (Rs) (kgs) (Rs) (Rs) ) rs ) Bio- Rhyzobium 215 10750 20 20 1000 164 41 8200 100 5000 fertilize rs Azotobacter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Azospirillum 192 9600 35 35 1750 154 56 7700 50 2500 Azolla 230 9200 25 25 1000 95 21 3820 10 600 VAM 95 5700 10 10 600 85 70 5100 Phosphate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 solubilizers Potassium 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solubilizers Waste 10 25000 3 150 750 7 350 17500 decomposer Total bio- 742 60250 93 240 5100 505 538 42320 fertilizers Bio- Panchagavya 1840 1,10,400 150 150 9000 1595.5 356 95730 400 24000 inputs Vermicompost 2000 20,000 100 100 1000 1900 1720 19000 Earthworms 100 20,000 10 10 2000 40 40 8000 for vermicompost Total bio- 3940 150400 260 260 12000 3535.5 2116 122730 inputs

56 Bio- Pesticid es for Trichoderma 821 82,100 20 20 2000 590 166 59000 50 5000 insect viride pests Fungal disease s Nemato Psuedomonas 753 75,300 30 30 3000 610 181 61000 50 5000 des Total bio- 1574 157400 50 50 5000 1200 347 120000 pesticides Total bio- 6256 368050 403 550 22100 5240.5 3001 285050 products

8.4 Production of livestock materials

Variety/i Production Supplied to farmers Supplied to mproved other Name of the species Free distribution Priced Cate agencies livestock/ name/Co Quanti Value gory No of fish/feed mmercial Qty Value Qty No of Value Qty Value ty (No) (Rs) farme name (No) (Rs) (No) farmers (Rs) (No) (Rs) rs (if any) Dairy cattle Goat Goat 22 220000 - - - 12 9 95200 - - and Sheep Total goat and 22 220000 - - - 12 9 95200 - - sheep Poultry Desi bird GRAMA 500 30000 - - - 473 38 28770 - - PRIYA Total poultry 500 30000 - - - 473 38 28770 - - PIGGE ------RY FISHE ------RY Grand Total 522 250000 - - - 485 47 12397 - - Livestock and 0 fishery

9. DETAILS OF SOIL, WATER AND PLANT ANALYSIS

No. of No. of Amount Samples/ No. of Samples SHC Farmers Villages realized (Rs.) Using Mini Soil Through

Testing Lab Traditional Lab Soil samples 392 0 360 128 18000 Soil Health ------1576 139 --- Cards (SHC)

Samples No. of Samples No. of Farmers No. of Villages Amount realized (Rs.) Water 169 57 169 1690 Plant Manure Others (pl.specify)

Total 169 57 169 1690

10. SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Date of SAC meeting Number of members attended 08.01.2020 23 Note: please attach the proceedings of sac meeting along with the list of participants

11. PUBLICATIONS

Publications in journals

S. Authors Year Title Journal No 1 Rajkala, A, Shobana,S, 2019-20 Impact of Training and Journal of Krishi Vigyan Vol. Ashokkumar, M and Demonstration on Promotion 8(1) pp:162-165 Alagukannan, G of Mushroom Cultivation

Other publications

S.No Item Year Authors Title Publisher 1 Books 2019-20 Thirumalaivasan, Climate Smart ICAR KVK M., A.Rajkala and Agricultural G.Alagukannan Practices

2 Book chapters / manuals ------3 Training manuals 2019-20 S.Arivuelvi and Seed Production ICAR-KVK M.Thirumalaivasan Technology 2019-20 Dr.K.Karthik Dairy Farming ICAR-KVK 4 Conference, proceeding 2019-20 Shobana, S and G. Knowledge and Avinashilingam papers, popular articles, Alagukannan Adoption of Value College, Bulletins, Short added products by Coimbatore communications Vocational Training to SHG members of Ariyalur District, Tamil Nadu 5 Technical bulletin/ ------Folders 6 Reports ------7 others Popular articles 2019-20 Ashokkumar, M Effective Dhinakaran Management of Nutrient, Pest and weed to reap more 2019-20 Arivuselvi, S Article on Dhinakaran Importance of Soil testing 2019-20 Rajkala, A Calender of Dhinakaran Operation for the month of Aug-Sep 2019-20 Rajkala, A Hydrogel for Dhinakaran augmenting dryland productivity

58 2019 Rajkala, A Advanced Dhinakaran Technologies in Blackgram Cultivation 2019 Arivuselvi, S Importance of Dhinakaran Biofertilizers 2019 Ashokkumar, M Leaf Folder Dhinakaran Management in Paddy 2019 Thirumalaivasn, M Castor Cultivation Dhinakaran for the prosperity in rainfed lands 2019 Ashokkumar, M Plant protection Dhinakaran measures to promote beneficiary insects in Paddy 2019 Arivuselvi, S Biocontrol agents Dhinakaran to reduce cost of cultivation 2019 Ashokkumar, M Control of Rats in Dhinakaran Paddy field by Mint leaves 2019 Rajkala, A Technologies to Dhinakaran reduce cost of cultivation in Groundnut 2019 Ashokkumar, M Stem borer Dhinakaran management of Paddy 2019 Ashokkumar, M Use of Bio control Dhinakaran agent (Egg Card) in Organic Cultivation 2019 Rajkala, A Fodder Production Dhinakaran and its Importance 2019 Alagukannan, G Resave of Crops Dhinakaran during Rainy Season 2019 Rajkala, A Importanc eof crop Dhinakaran boosters in yield incease 2019 Arivuselvi, S Seed treatment Dhinakaran contain diseases in crop 2019 Ashokkumar, M Pest management Dhinakaran in Cotton 2019 Rajkala, A Cultivation Dhinakaran techniques in Gingelly 2019 Thirumalaivasn, M Cotton Cultivation Dhinakaran Techniques 2019 Raja Joslin, Y High Density Dhinakaran Planting in Cashew 2019 Shobana, S Food Adulteration Dhinakaran and diagnostic method 2019 Raja Joslin, Y Tuberose Dhinakaran Cultivation techniques 2019 Rajkala, A Waste decomposer Dhinakaran use in Sugarcane

59 trash 2019 Thirumalaivasn, M Nematode Dhinakaran Management in crops 2019 Thirumalaivasn, M Cultivation Dhinakaran practices of summer Cotton 2019 Rajkala, A Production of Dhinakaran Vermicompost In Silpaulin Sheet 2019 Raja Joslin, Y., Drip Irrigation Patchai Boomi G.Alagukannan, techniques A.Rajkala, M.Ashokkumar, M. Tirumalaivasan and S.Shobana 2019 Alagukannan, G KVK, Ariyalur as a Pasumai Vikatan Knowledge resource center 2019 Rajkala, A Rainfed Cotton Naveena Velanmai Cultivation Techniques 2019 M.Thirumalaivasan Sustainable Naveena Velanmai Dryland Agricultural Technologies Leaflet/Folder 2019 Raja Joslin, Y Coconut ICAR-KVK Cultivation Technologies 2020 Raja Joslin, Y Cashew Cultivation ICAR-KVK Technologies 2019 Rajkala, A Importance of ICAR-KVK Waste Decomposer 2019 Rajkala, A Soil Moisture ICAR-KVK Indicator and uses 2019 Ashokkumar, M Fall Army Worm ICAR-KVK Management Practices 2019 Ashokkumar, M Cotton pest ICAR-KVK management 2019 Thirumalaivasan, M Sustainable ICAR-KVK Dryland Agricultural Technologies 2020 Thirumalaivasan, M Fodder Production ICAR-KVK and its Importance 2020 Shobana, S Medicinal and ICAR-KVK Nutritional values of fruits and vegetables 2019 Arivuselvi, S Importance soil ICAR-KVK testing and sample collection method 2019 Shobana, S Value addition in ICAR-KVK Cashew 2020 Karthik, K Low cost feed ICAR-KVK management

60 Newsletter/Magazine Name of News Frequency No. of Copies printed for distribution letter/Magazine Seithi Malar Quarterely once 500

12. Training/workshops/seminars etc details attended by KVK staff

Trainings attended in the relevant field of specialization (Mention Title, duration, Institution, location etc.)

Name of the staff Title Dates Duration Organized by S.Prabu Training on Poultry 26.06.19 1 TANUVAS, Namakkal Farm Manager disease management M.Thirumalaivasan Training on FAW 22.07.19 2 TNAU, Coimbatore SMS (Agronomy) management in Maize – and Nematode 23.07.19 management in Horticultural crops M.Ashok kumar Orientation training on 21.08.19 1 ICAR-ATARI, SMS (Plant Protection) PKVY Hyderabad S.Prabu Training programme 25.08.19 1 Nedar (Isha), Tanjavur Farm Manager on Paddy transplanter S.Shobana Orientation training on 27.08.19 - 2 MANAGE, Hyderabad SMS (Home Science) AC & ABC 28.08.19 a. Y.Raja Joslin Training on Nutrition 23.09.19 1 TNAU, Coimbatore SMS (Horticulture) Garden b. S.Shobana SMS (Home Science) M.Ashok Kumar Training on FAW in 04.11.19 9 ICAR-ATARI, SMS (Plant Protection) Maize – Hyderabad 12.11.19 M.Thirumalaivasan Skill development 04.11.19 1 TRRI, Aduthurai SMS (Agronomy) training on seed quality, maintenance of sunhemp a. Y.Raja Joslin Training of Trainers 27.11.19 3 ICAR-ATARI, SMS (Horticulture) under NSDC scheme – Hyderabad b. M.Thirumalaivasan 29.11.19 SMS (Agronomy)

13. DETAILS ON RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE AND MICRO-IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Activities conducted No. of Training No. of Demonstration No. of plant materials Visit by Visit by programmes s produced farmers officials (No.) (No.) 2 2 --- 67 15

61 14. INTERVENTIONS ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT/UNSEASONAL RAINFALL/HAILSTORM/COLD WAVES ETC

Introduction of alternate crops/ varieties Recovery of damage Crops/cultivars Area (ha) Extent of damage through KVK initiatives if any Groundnut 4 70 percent 80 percent Total 4

Major area coverage under alternate crops/varieties Crops Area (ha) Number of beneficiaries Oilseeds 4 10 Pulses Cereals Vegetable crops Tuber crops Total 4 10

Farmers-scientists interaction on livestock management Number of Livestock components No. of participants interactions Dairy 1 43 Poultry 2 78 Total 3 121

Animal health camps organised Number of camps No. of animals No. of farmers Animal Health Camps organised for livestock 1 1254

Total 1 1254

Seed distribution in drought hit states Coverage of Number of Crops Quantity (qtl) area (ha) farmers Finger Millet 0.05 2 5

Total 0.05 2 5

Large scale adoption of resource conservation technologies Crops/cultivars and gist of resource conservation technologies Area Number of introduced (ha) farmers Composting of Agricultural waste through Waste Decomposer 20 50 Soil Moisture Indicator 10 25 Total 30 75

Awareness campaign : Nil

62 15. Awards/rewards received by KVK and staff

Category Recipient (International/National/ (KVK/KVK- S. Name of the Description about the State/ Regional/ District/ STAFF/Contact No Award award /Remarks if any Institutional/ Society etc.) Farmer / Trainee etc.) For poster presentation on Mr.M.Thirumalaiv National (Farm Innovator Farm Innovators Conclave 1 KVK Staff asan Conclave) held at NASC, New Delhi during 16-17th July 2019 For designing innovative low cost manual hatchery, he was Youth Club National (Farm Innovator recognized in Farm 2 Mr.R.Suresh member of our Meet) Innovators Conclave at KVk NASC, New Delhi during 16-17th July 2019 For organic production of Mushroom using Waste Youth Club National (Farmer Science decomposer he was awarded 3 Mr.C.Vinothkumar member of our Congress) in Farmers Science KVk Congress, UAS, Bangalore held on 6th January, 2020. Distict Collector Awarded Member of our women farmer as Best District (International 4 Mrs.R.Kalaiselvi MYTECH Agri Women Entreprenuer for Women's Day) club of our KVK serving as a model in Value Addition in milk Distict Collector Awarded Member of our women farmer as Best District (International 5 Mrs.B.Premshanthi MYTECH Agri Young Entreprenuer for Women's Day) club of our KVK serving as a model in Dairy Farming Distict Collector Awarded Member of our women farmeras Best District (International 6 Mrs.R.Meena MYTECH Agri Women Entreprenuer for Women's Day) club of our KVK serving as a model in Kadaknath Chicken Rearing Distict Collector Awarded Member of our women farmeras Best District (International 7 Mrs.S.TamilSelvi MYTECH Agri Women Entreprenuer for Women's Day) club of our KVK serving as a model in Desi Bird Rearing Distict Collector Awarded Member of our women farmeras Best District (International 8 Mrs.K.Uma MYTECH Agri Women Entreprenuer for Women's Day) club of our KVK serving as a model in Cashewnut Processing

16. Details of sponsored projects/programmes implemented by KVK

Title of the Sponsoring S.No programme / Objectives Duration Amount (Rs) agency project 1 Training on Coconut Trained youths 6 days Rs. 1,13,000 Coconut Tree Development under Friends Climber Board, Chennai of Coconut tree to climb tree using climbing

63 machine and value addition 2 Training on Directorate Three days 3 days Rs.90,000 Cashew Cocoa and training given Production Cashewnut to Cashew Technology Development farmers on Board, Kochi Cashew cultivation practices, pest management andvalue addition in Cashew. 3 Kisan mela on ATMA, Ariyalur 2 Kisan mela 1 day Rs.2,00,000 Fall Army conducted on Worm Fall Army Management Worm and Fruits and Management Vegetables and Fruits and cultivation Vegetables techniques cultivation techniques 4 Training on MANAGE, Skill training 6 days Rs. 84,000 BIPM Hyderabad to rural youths through ATMA, given in BIPM Ariyalur and Goat rearing 5 Farmers Field ATMA, Ariyalur 3 Farm Field 6 classes Rs. 87,000 School School (covers entire conducted in 3 crop duration) blocks of Ariyalur district for 6 days in AESA techniques in vegetable cultivation 6 Training on Irrigation Provided 1 day Rs.22,000 Climate smart Management and training on agriculture Training water Institute, Trichy management technologies for improving water use efficiency Total Rs.5,96,000 Please attach detailed report of each project/programme separately -

17. SUCCESS STORIES

A. Success Story of IFS Farmer Mr.K.Ashok Kumar 1. Situation analyzed/Problem Statement: Mr.K.Ashok Kumar, S/o. Kangadurai 42 years old residing at Karaivetti village of Thirumanur block, Ariyalur district. He discontinued his studies after 10th standard and entered into farming along with his parent cultivating Paddy and Sugarcane in his 4 acre land. later, he worked as LIC agent for past 10 years. From the LIC occupation he could earn only Rs.1 lakh/year. From his potential 4 acre land and available resources he could earn Rs.7 lakh / year but due to lack of awareness on scientific practices and latest technologies he lost an income of Rs.6 lakh every year. 2. Plan, Implement and Support: In 2016, he came to know about KVK from friends, visited KVK and met Scientists. He was explained about existing resources and got technical advices to develop the farm. Seeing the potential of his land resources, Scientists suggested him to develop IFS model in his land. As per our advice, IFS model was developed in his farm including five different components viz., Fish, Goat, Cattle, Poultry, Paddy and Fodder. Through our KVK IFS demonstration he has also been provided with vermi bag and azolla sheet. Through FLD programme “Gift Thilapia” fish variety was introduced in this farm during 2018. Also mixed fodder plot was established to enrich the nutrition status of his animal components. With our guidance and linkage provided with Agricultural Engineering Department he installed solar water pumping system by availing Government subsidy. Our KVK provided continuous handholding and technical support and Indian Bank, Ariyalur provided him credit linkage to establish his farm activities. 3. Output: The output from IFS model is as follows Expenditure Gross income S.No. Components Net income (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) i Fish – 50 cent Livestock waste 60,000 60,000 utilized ii Goat – 50Nos. 2,00,000 4,00,000 2,00,000 iii Poultry – 6 batch (6000Nos.) 1,20,000 4,20,000 3,00,000 iv Cattle – 3Nos. 1,50,000 2,50,000 1,00,000 v Paddy – 2ac 80,000 1,00,000 20,000 Total 6,80,000

4. Outcome and Impact: As an outcome, now Mr.K.Ashok Kumar is earning a net income of Rs.6.8lakhs/annum from IFS component in his 4 acres land. His farm becomes model IFS farm in Ariyalur district which was visited by District Collector, Ariyalur and Dr.A.Bhaskaran, Principle Scientist, ATARI, Hyderabad.

65 About 200 farmers and farm women were visited his farm from various villages f Ariyalur district. 28 farmers were adopted and started this model in small drum system. He is serving as master trainer for our KVK trainings on IFS and his success was disseminated through AIR, Karaikal, Trichy, DD Pothigai and YouTube. Around 1, 05,000 people viewed his video in YouTube. His success story was published in TANUVAS magazine “Kalnadai Velanmai” in December 2019 issue. He is serving farmers over phone calls also belonging to different districts of Tamil Nadu includes Tanjore, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Ariyalur, Trichy, Perambalur, Karaikal, Cuddalore, etc., B. Success Story of Mrs.S.TamilSelvi in Desi Bird Rearing 1. Situation analyzed/Problem Statement: Mrs.S.TamilSelvi 26 years old completed BE graduation and worked in a private company for a monthly income of Rs.20,000/month. She was unable to care her family properly as there were day and night shifts. Also she was not satisfied with her job as she could not meet out her family requirements. 2. Plan, Implement and Support: Mrs.S.TamilSelvi approached our KVK seeing our advertisement in Famous Tamil Magazine “Pasumai Vikatan” for desi bird rearing training and attended training on Desi Bird Rearing on 24.02.2016. As a women farmer, she was much more interested in becoming an entrepreneur in Desi bird poultry farming. She started feeding his birds with locally available feed stocks to reduce the cost on feed. Previously she was rearing 20 mother Desi bird poultry birds, after seeing the demand of Desi bird chicks she has expanded her poultry rearing unit with 75 parent mother birds and 10 cocks .To utilize the eggs effectively for the production of chicks she has purchased one low cost hatchery unit from Mr.R.Suresh (An innovator developed by ICAR-KVK, Ariyalur Dt.) with a capacity of 120 eggs and one automatic hatchery unit with a capacity of 250 eggs. 3. Output: Desi bird poultry farming is fetching more income to this women entrepreneur as the cost of a desi bird is fetching her Rs.800/bird which is 3 times more cost than the normal desi bird rearing and she is selling Desi bird chicks eggs @Rs.30/egg. A One day old chick cost is Rs.70/chick and one month old chick cost is Rs.170/chick. She is earning an income of Rs.36,000/month now from her desi bird chicks rearing.

Sl.No. Particulars Amount (Rs.) A Fixed cost 1 Poultry shed (1 Nos.) 16 x 21 feet 30,000 2 Auto feeder (10 Nos.) 2,000 3 Auto drinker (10 Nos.) 2,000 4 Automatic Hatchery Unit (1 nos.) 47,000 Low cost Hatchery Unit (1 nos.) 8,000 Total 89,000

66 10% depreciation /year (I) 8,900 5 Parent bird (100 birds) 80,000 Depreciation per year (II) 12,000 Fixed cost per year(I + II) 20,900 B Expenditure 1 Feed cost per year 60,000 (2.5 kg feed/bird/month for 100 birds (250 kg feed/day) @Rs.800/100 kg of feed) 2 Vaccination and Ethno veterinary practices per year 2,000 3 Fixed cost per year 20,900 Total Expenditure 82,900 C Gross Income Sale of 250 chicks per month @Rs.170/chicks 5,10,000 Sale of 3,000 chicks per (year) D Net Income (Gross Income – Expenditure) 4,27,100 Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) 1: 6.15

4. Outcome/Impact: She is now supplying Desi bird chicks to a large number of farmers and farm women and helping them in marketing tie-ups also. She has also developed at least 25 women entrepreneurs like her in this poultry rearing job. She is serving as a master trainer in the poultry training programme which is being conducted at our KVK. She is earning an income of Rs.45,000/month now and serving as a role model for other women entrepreneurship farmers. Her low cost feed management and ethno veterinary practices are getting popular among the backyard poultry/native chicken growers in Ariyalur district. Her technology has spread through All India Radio, Karaikal at several occasions Mrs.Tamil Selvi a Poultry Entrepreneur has received an honorarium award for successful women entrepreneurship activities from ICAR KVK, Ariyalur District given by the NABARD Manager in the programme of Mahila Kisan Celebration during March 2018. She also awarded as Best Women Entrepreneur during International Women day during March, 2019 by District Collector, Ariyalur. C. Success Case of Mr.Ragunath on Genetic up gradation of Local Goat variety with Tellichery breed

1. Situation analyzed/Problem Statement: Mr.Ragunath, 27 years old BE graduate worked in a private company at Chennai for an income of Rs.25, 000/ month during 2016. But due to his interest in organic farming he quitted his job and returned to native place Thinakudi village of Jayankondam block of Ariyalur district to start organic farming in his 12 acres of land. Initially to start organic farming he purchased 2 Cows and 5 Local goat breed in his village itself. But his goats kidding rate was less and milk yield for lactating mother is less leads to poor weight gain in kid.

67 2. Plan, Implement and Support: In 2017, he visited our KVK to get advisories for organic farming. Later he joined as member in KVK rural youth group and started getting advices through youth WhatsApp group and in person regularly. He visited KVK farm and enquired about Tellicherry goat breed. Senior Scientist and Head explained that Tellicherry breed is grown in our KVK to promote the technology of genetic upgradation of local breed to earn more income in our Ariyalur district i.e crossing local breed and Tellicherry breed results in more weight gain in kid. He registered for one male Tellicherry goat and purchased 1 year old 20 kg goat after a month. Meanwhile he selected 2 healthy female goats of “Kodi aadu” and “Palai aadu” breed for crossing. 3. Output: The Kodi aadu crossed with Tellicherry breed gives birth to 2 – 3 kids and lactation was good as kids had enough feeding from mother goat where his earlier practice has no enough lactation and he fed kid with cow milk. It is also found that crossed kid had good weight gain i.e 10 months old kid weight gains upto 20-24 kg whereas in his local practice 10 months old kid has only 10 – 15 kg. Now he is having 30 goats in his farm. It is also noticed that crossing Tellicherry with Palai Aadu is not profitable as such as crossing Tellicherry with Kodi aadu. Marketability is also good and easy for the upgraded breed Rs.280 / kg for meat purpose and Rs.350 / kg for rearing. 4. Outcome and Impact: As an outcome, now Mr.K.Ragunath is earning a net income of Rs.35,000/month from selling this goats for both meat purpose and rearing purpose. His farm becomes model farm in Ariyalur district for this genetic upgradation of goat and also for organic farming. About 60 farmers and farm women from various villages of Ariyalur district and 25 B.Sc Agri final year RAWE students from JSA Agriculture college, Thittakudi were visited his farm for learning purpose. 28 farmers were adopted and started this model in for their improved economic status. He is serving as master trainer for our KVK trainings on goat rearing and his success was disseminated through AIR, Karaikal, Trichy and DD Pothigai. He is serving farmers over phone calls also belonging to different districts of Tamil Nadu.

68 18. CASE STUDIES

1. Title : ICAR – KVK, Ariyalur Excelled in Enhancement of productivity in Blackgram and thereby the socio economic conditions of farmers a. Problem Statement Blackgram popularly known as ‘Urad’ is one of the most important pulse crop grown in India. In Tamil Nadu it is being grown in an area of 3.41 lakhs ha. during Kharif, Rabi and Summer seasons in almost all the districts of Tamil Nadu wherever paddy is cultivated. Blackgram is the predominant Rice fallow pulse crop. In Ariyalur district Blackgram is grown in an area of 4,042 ha. in almost all blocks of the district as sole crop and intercrop in Cashewnut plantations. The productivity is low (520 kg/ha.) when compared to the potential yield of 1,000 kg/ha. due to various problems. 1. Use of seeds of age old varieties like ADT 5, T9 and VBN 3 2. Non adoption of proper seed rate. The farmers are using 25-30 kg/ha. instead of recommended seed rate of 20 kg/ha. It led to over population and thereby reduction in yield. 3. Susceptibility of ADT 5 and T9 varieties to YMV disease resulted in 30-35% yield loss and upto 60% yield loss when it is grown during summer season 4. Non availability of seeds of latest varieties like VBN 6, VBN 8 that are tolerant or free from YMV disease. 5. Non adoption of recommended package of practices like fertilizer application, weed management, IPDM, etc. b. Plan, Implement and Support ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra hosted by CREED, Ariyalur district put forth series of efforts through its mandated activities to tallies these problems and achieve higher productivity in Blackgram and thereby the enhanced income of the farmers. The following flowchart depicts the series of interventions implemented step by step to tackle the above problems.

Popularization of high yielding Blackgram VBN (Bg) 5 – 5 farmers – 2 ha. (2010-11)

Integrated Crop Management in Blackgram -10 farmers – 4 ha.(2013-14)

Demonstration of Blackgram VBN6 – 10 farmers – 4 ha. (2015-16)

Demonstration of Black gram as intercrop in Cashew gardens – 4 ha. – 10 farmers (2016-17) FLDs Demonstration on use of spiral separator 2017-18 - 10 ha. 25 demos

Demonstrations on ICM in Blackgram 2017-18 - 10 ha. 25 demos

Demonstrations on ICM in Blackgram 2018-19 - 10 ha. 25 demos CFLDs

Demonstrations on ICM in Blackgram 2019-20 - 10 ha. 25 demos

2017-18

On campus– 12 Nos.- 200 farmers Trainings

Off campus – 18 Nos. – 312 farmers

Field days – 8 Nos.

Publications –12 Nos.

Exposure visits – 2 Nos.

Diagnostics visits – 12 Nos. Extension efforts Advisory services – 162 Nos.

Farmers Scientists interface meet – 2 Nos.

Use of ICT in Technology dissemination by voice messages, Whatsapp, Jiochat based plant diagnostic camps etc. 8,000 farmers benefitted

Seeds – 27.5q (ADT5, VBN 6, VBN 8,) Facilitation SeSeedsSe of farm Production and supply of bio products like Pseudomonas, inputs Phosphobacteria, Trichoderma viride, Azophos etc. - 200 kgs

Facilitation of other technical products like pulse wonder (965 kg), traps (1950 Nos.) lures (3900 Nos.) required for IPM kits

70 c. Output By series of interventions provided by ICAR – KVK, Ariyalur the participating farmers gained knowledge and skills in different technologies as depicted in the following table. Crop / % gain in % gain in Sl.No. Technologies Enterprises knowledge adoption 1 Blackgram Adoption of VBN 6 62 44 variety 2 Blackgram Foliar spraying of Pulse 52 38 wonder @5kg/ha or DAP 2% during flowering stage

By adopting the basket of technologies disseminated through series of interventions the productivity level in the demonstration field has increased sizably along the economic benefits. The details are presented hereunder. Increase in Productivity / ha. income / ha. Sl.No. Crop Year % From To From To increase 1 FLD 2016-17 6.24 q 8.84 q 42 26,085 45,564 2 CFLD 2017-18 5.9 q 8.5 q 44 38,200 62,160 3 CFLD 2018-19 3.9 q 7.1 q 82 5,060 62,160 4 CFLD 2019-20 5.3 q 6.7 q 26.4 11300 18650 d. Outcome

Based on the knowledge and skill enhancement, improved adoption of various technologies by the participating farmers and their income level increase, the farmers in the neighboring villages and nearby blocks started adopting those technologies in black gram cultivation. The details are given below:

Horizontal Horizontal spread to No. of Area spread to No. of Area S.No. Technologies neighboring Farmers (ha.) neighboring Farmers (ha.) villages blocks 1 Cultivation 42 1850 680 4 627 255 of high yielding Black gram VBN 6 variety 2 Foliar 56 2150 728 4 532 247 spraying of Pulse wonder @5kg/ha or DAP 2% during flowering stage

71 By adoption of different technologies disseminated by KVK and by horizontal spread of the technologies, the first level beneficiaries accrued increased income from black gram cultivation as below : Net Income realized No. of (Rs.)/ ha. Sl.No. Village farmers Before After adoption adoption 1 Cholamadevi, Kodalikarupur, T.Palur, 1075 Rs.36,085 Rs.45,564 Alagapuram, Anaikudam, Andimadam, Anikudichan (North), Chinnapattakadu, Devamangalam, Devanur, Edaayankurichi, Edanganni, Edayar, Ariyalur, Edayathankudi, Elaiyur, Elaiyur (East), Elaiyur (West), Elakurichi, Elandakudam, Elayaperumalnallur, Eravangudy, Cholankudikadu, Sirukadambur

Likewise, by adoption of the technologies disseminated by ICAR-KVK, Ariyalur , the usage of chemical inputs in black gram cultivation by the farmers have reduced sizeably. Reduction in terms of Reduction in terms Sl.No. Technologies Kind of Cost 1 Seed treatment with T.viridi, Urea application to the Rs.2500/ha Rhizobium, Phosphobacteria tune of 30kg/ha. DAP @ 25kg/ha MOP @ 20kg/ha 2 Pheromone traps, Yellow sticky 2 No. of Pesticide spray Rs.1500/ha traps reduced

FLD on use of spiral separator conducted during 2017-18 added the value to the intervention made in black gram as it is highly useful to grade the black gram grains. The graded black gram by spiral separator fetches good price in the market. In black gram cultivation farmers reaped a maximum net income of Rs.36, 085/ha. Before KVK intervention. Currently the farmers are getting an income of Rs.45,564/ha as the yield and quality of black gram enhanced substantially. So there is 26.3 % increase in income if the price is stable. e. Impact

• After KVK interventions, the Department of Agriculture started distribution of VBN 6 black gram seeds through its various subsidy schemes. • The seeds of VBN 6 and VBN 8 from the KVK farm and from KVK promoted farmer fields is as follows :

Qty. produced at KVK Seed produced at Total seed Year farm (q.) Farmers field (q.) distributed (q.) 2014-15 11.0 22.0 33.0 2015-16 8.0 22.0 30.0 2016-17 18.0 96.5 114.5 2017-18 6.8 94.5 101.3

72 2018-19 4.0 120.5 124.5 2019-20 0.8 150.7 130.0 Total 48.6 506.2 533.3

• Apart from KVK efforts, Department of agriculture also promoting seed production in farmers field to meet the district seed requirement. • Our KVK is always facilitating the farmers in procurement of seeds, bio products, bio fertilizers, IPM practices and grading, etc. • Out KVK intervention on Blackgram paved the way for increased production (2.25 mt) and productivity (570 kg/ha.) (Source: Department of Agriculture, 2018-19). • During 2015-16, there was the hike in price for Blackgram grains and it went upto Rs.100/kg at that time the contribution of Blackgram to agricultural economy was high. • Blackgram cultivation certainly improved the social status of farmers as the income of Rs.45, 564/ha in children education, repaid their loans, etc. 2. Ariyalur district of Tamil Nadu marching towards fodder sufficiency Introduction Ariyalur District is classified as backward district in Tamil Nadu comprising six blocks. Of which Thirumanur, T.Palur and Jayankondam blocks are potential for irrigation facilities favours cultivation of Sugarcane, Paddy and Vegetables. Other three blocks are dry and mostly depends on monsoon showers for crop production. Animal components viz., milch cows. goat, sheep and buffalo forms the integral part of farming here apart from backyard poultry. The productivity in milch animals, goat, sheep and poultry birds are less due to the following reasons / facts. Problems • Less preference of farmers to allocate a piece of land to raise fodder crops and thereby poor nutrition of animals • Lack of awareness and knowledge on different fodder crops required to provide balanced diet to farm animals • High cost of concentrate feed results in less remuneration from milch animals. About half of the income spent for concentrate feed. • Fertility problems in cows due to mal nutrition • Less weight gain in sheep and goat • Less egg production in poultry birds and thereby less per bird productivity. Plan, Implement and Support Considering the fodder situation in the district, ICAR-KVK, Ariyalur planned and implemented strategic plans to bring more area under fodder crops. The different interventions made to achieve the goal of fodder sufficiency is depicted as follows :

Demonstration of Silvipasture model - 5 farmers – 2 ha. (2012-13)

FLDs Demonstration of Mixed Fodder - 5 farmers – 2 ha. (2014-15)

Demonstration of multi cut fodder sorghum CO (FS) 31 – 50 farmers – 5 ha. 2016-17

On campus–5 Nos.

Trainings Off campus–7 Nos.

Field days – 3 Nos.

Publications – 8 Nos.

Exposure visits – 2 Nos.

Extension Diagnostics visits – 9 Nos.

efforts Farmers Scientists interface meet – 2 Nos.

Use of ICT in Technology dissemination by voice messages, Whatsapp, Jiochat based plant diagnostic camps etc. – 8,000 farmers benefitted

Facilitation of farm Seeds – 5 q (COFS 29, 31, Velimasal) inputs Slips – 5000 (CO 4, CO 5)

Materials and Methods Though most of the interventions were carried out in six blocks, but only two blocks viz., Jayankondam and Thirumanur were selected for the study. For the selection of respondents, list of beneficiaries various programmes of KVK during last five years (2013-14 to 2017-18) was prepared. Out of 685 beneficiaries, only 100 farmers were selected by simple random sampling procedure from Jayankondam and Thirumanaur with 50 farmers from each block. A questionnaire was prepared and the data were collected through personal interviews with the respondents. The data collected were processed. Tabulated, classified and analysed interms of percentage, Totally 10 practices were selected as criteria to evaluate the farmers for extent of knowledge gained and adoption of fodder cultivation technologies as results of various intervention viz., trainings, method demonstrations, Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs), On Farm Trials (OFTs), diagnostic visits, advisory services, exposure visits, radio talks and popular articles.

74 Table 1. Gain in knowledge level with respect to Fodder cultivation due to the intervention of CREED KVK at Ariyalur District of Tamilnadu

Knowledge Level Gain in Sl. No Improved production practices Before KVK After KVK knowledge intervention intervention (%) 1 Land preparation 60 88 28 2 Seeds 25 60 35 3 Sowing methods 32 52 20 4 Varieties 55 78 23 5 Seed rate 22 40 18 6 Sowing time 3 56 18 7 Nutrient management 42 64 22 8 Irrigation 48 67 19 9 Harvesting 40 51 11 10 Uses of fodder 34 72 38

Output

By the above interventions, the participating farmers improved in their knowledge and skills in fodder crops raising. Primarily they realized the importance of having fodder cafeteria to feed their animals. All 685 direct participating farmers established their own fodder area in 35 villages. From these fodder units 1,900 animals are provided with green fodder and thereby health and productivity has been improved. Productivity increase in milch animals by providing green fodder and by curtailing concentrate feed the income is also increased. Table : Output due to fodder cultivation

After Sl.No. Parameters Before Situation supplementary green fodder 1 Health of the animal Weak Good 2 Calving period Prolonged Ideal (2 calves in 3 (One calf/year) years) 3 Milk yield / day 6.5 8.2 4 Cost reduction in concentrated feed (lit.) --- 30-36 % 5 Total milk yield / lactation / cow (lit.) 1,170 1,476 6 Gross Cost /cow/lactation Rs.13,600 Rs.10,250 7 Gross return / cow Rs.25,470 Rs.32,472 8 Net return / cow . lactation Rs.11,870 Rs.22,222 9 BCR 1 : 1.87 1 : 3.1

Outcome :

Based on the performance of cow after feeding with sufficient green fodder, the farmers started adopting green fodder crops cultivation.

75 Table : Horizontal spread of fodder production technologies Horizontal Horizontal Sl. spread to No. of spread to No. of Technologies Area Area No. neighboring Farmers neighboring Farmers villages blocks 1 Cultivation 64 1385 268 6 425 300ha. of fodder crops viz,, Co (CN) 4/5, Desmanthus, Subabul, CFS 29/31, Sesbania

Now the farmers are giving importance to the cattle by cultivating green fodder crops and feeding the animals. Currently about 600 farmers are having their fodder in the district. Still there is heavy demand for fodder seeds and our KVK is promoting farmers to produce seeds / slips to facilitate horizontal spread. So far 30 farmers are actively involved in production and supply of fodder seeds including Azolla. By using the green fodder the cost on concentrate feed also reduced substantially to the tune of 30-35%.

Impact

• After the KVK intervention in fodder crops cultivation the milk yield is substantially increased in the district. • More youth members are coming forward to rear milch animals and calf rearing. About 135 such youth members are being regularly guided in this regard. • The overall health of the animals were improved and thereby increased yield and income is being realized by our farmers.

3. Success Story on Hi tech Tuberose Cultivation Problem Analysis: In Ariyalur district, Sugarcane is the major crop cultivated by farmers in Kuvagam village of Andimadam block. Farmers are getting a low income from these crops due to the high cost of cultivation, labour scarcity, high input cost and less market price. In sugarcane, the productivity is lower due to low yielding old varieties and lack of non adoption of integrated nutrient management and susceptibility of old varieties to pest and disease. Mr.S.Kamaraj, a farmer aged 39 residing at Kuvagam village of Andimadam block, Ariyalur District approached the ICAR – KVK to get advisory to improve his income level from agriculture. In his traditional method of farming, he was spending his money for labour wages and to carry out farming operations in his 5 acres of land. The climate condition of Ariyalur district is best suitable to cultivate cut flower crop tuberose. Tuberose is a traditional flower used in all the social functions of Tamil Nadu as garland making, festival times and in perfume industry for extracting of essential oil. It is used as both loose flower and cut flower.

76 Plan, Implement and Support: Our KVK Scientists have recommended cultivation of tuberose flower hybrid Prajwal released by ICAR – IIHR, Bengaluru. A Front Line Demonstration was conducted by our Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Cholamadevi, Ariyalur district in this farmer field to disseminate the technology. A training on hi tech tuberose cultivation was given to the farmers of Kuvagam village on the Integrated Cop Management practices in tuberose before conducting th front line demonstration. In this training, the following topics were taught viz., soil test based fertilizer application, land preparation, basal application of fertilizer and 25t/ha FYM, spacing (45cm x 25cm), bulb treatment with Psuedomonas @ 10g/kg of bulb, neem cake @250kg/ha and Pacelomycetes linacious (Nematon) for management of nematode, good planting material selection, mulching for weed management, irrigation, fertigation techniques, IPM and harvesting. Our KVK team along with SMS (Horticulture) has visited his field and gave technical guidance for cultivation of tuberose. Our KVK has helped the farmers in getting the tuberose bulbs planting material from ICAR – IIHR, Bengaluru. Around 10 farmers including Mr. Kamaraj were taken to ICAR – IIHR, Bengaluru to see the tuberose cultivation and Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur, Karnataka to learn about the new technologies in horticulture. The printed article on tuberose cultivation was given to the farmers for further spread of this technology. The tuberose bulbs were sown in the field after the seed treatment with pseudomonas, spacing 45 x 25 cm and polythene mulching technique to control weed s and soil moisture conservation. Consultancy services were given to the tuberose farmer for getting higher productivity of about 15.04 tonnes per hectare per year. Soil application of 25 tonnes per hectare farm yard manure, 400 kg single super phosphate, 2 kg azospirillum, 2 kg phospobacteria, 2.5 kg/ha Trichoderma viridi, nematicides 2.5kg/ha were done. The gross cost of cultivation incurred for land preparation, tuberose bulbs, labour wages, mulching sheet, fertilizer, pesticide, irrigation and harvesting is Rs.1,50,000 per hectare. Harvesting of flowers starts from the 3rd month of the planting onwards in daily basis. On an average of 30 – 35 kg of flower yield was harvested everyday from his 1 acre of land and it is taken to the nearby market in Kumbakonam. Now the tuberose farmer has attained knowledge and skill on tuberose cultivation. The nematode incidence in his field is reduced due to the application of nematicide and pseudomonas (bio pesticide) in his field. In general, the other tuberose farmer are harvesting only 20 kg flower in 1 acre area. Output: There was a significant increase in the yield of the Prajwal tuberose compare to that of the local variety. The yield potential of this hybrid is 15 – 16 tonnes per hectare which is significantly higher compare to the local variety which was synergized by the Integrated Crop Management Practices. The price of the tuberose flower was ranged from Rs.50 – Rs.150 in the local market during the different month of the year. The adoption of the successful technology namely precision farming techniques of TNAU like raised bed planting, INM, IPM, mulching, drip and fertigation enhanced the yield by 50% on an average.

The individual flower weight was significantly higher in Prajwal than the local variety as indicated by the number of flower per kilogram. The flower merchants also like the Prajwal flowers for garland making due to its quality i.e fragrance and appearance. Outcome: This farmer has converted three acre of his land into tuberose cultivation. His annual income has increased from 1 lakh to more than 5 lakh in the year from the sales of flower and tuberose bulbs to neighbouring farmers. The success story of Mr.S.Kamaraj has got wide publicity in both print and mass media like radio (AIR, Karaikal, Trichy), Makkal TV, Door Dharshan and electronic media. As of now, the area under tuberose cultivation in Kuvagam village and neighbouring village has been increased upto 100 hectares in the district. Impact: • Tuberose cultivation could increase the farmer income than any other crop in Ariyalur district • Huge number of farmers are coming forward to cultivate tuberose • Though it is of new origin to Ariyalur District. 2000 acres brought under tuberose cultivation 4. A Novel idea of CREED KVK, Ariyalur to Attract and Retain Youth in Agriculture Situation / Problem Statement: The total population of Ariyalur district is 7,52,481 in which 36% of total population includes youth members (19-35 years) who are unemployed/underemployed. The major problems of the rural youth are lack of employment for their qualification, lack of resources interms of land and finance to start their own enterprise, unacceptance of the parents to let their wards in agriculture, lack of skills and technical knowledge in agriculture, lack of credit facilities to rural youth from formal institutions. These problems lead to unutilization of available natural resources (land and water), reduction in district productivity and social and economic benefit of the individual. Plan, Implement and support: To overcome those problems, our KVK gave a call for rural youth in Daily news and the 1st meet held on 03.06.2016 at our KVK. More than 131 youth members participated and awareness created among rural youth about agriculture and allied enterprises. Keen interest of RY in agriculture motivated us of form “Rural Youth Club” in which 324 youth are members now. They provided with skilling programmes (13), trainings, meetings, exposure visits and advisories regularly. Motivational meeting has also been conducted to the parents of our Youth Club Members to let their wards in agriculture. But due to lack of financial support from formal institution we approached retired persons exclusively Ex-servicemen to extend financial support who readily accepted our request and they were formed into a group named as “Retired Youth Club” with 59 farmers. Retired youth club members contributed money to give financial assistance to the deserving youth club members in the form of loan at bank interest. A separate bank account has been opened for rural youth and retired youth club. Youth cell has been formed at our KVK to look after RY-RY activities. Separate

78 WhatsApp group named “Youth Club KVK Ariyalur” has been opened for easy access which also acts as a platform for marketing their products. No . of youth members S.No Name of the Skill programme Year participated 1. Mushroom Growers (NSDC) 2016 – 17 20 2. Small Poultry Farmers (NSDC) 2016 – 17 20 3. Integrated Farming System(ATMA) 2017 – 18 20 Organic Cultivation of Fruits and 4. 2017 – 18 20 Vegetables(ATMA) 5. Nursery Management of Horticulture crops 2017 – 18 32 6. Integrated farming 2017 – 18 29 7. Production of organic inputs 2017 – 18 37 8. Mushroom Production 2017 – 18 23 9. IPM in crops (ATMA) 2018 – 19 15 10. Mushroom Growers (NSDC) 2018 – 19 20 11. Organic Growers (NSDC) 2018 – 19 20 12. Production of organic inputs (KVK) 2018 – 19 29 13. Organic farming and marketing Strategies 2018 – 19 66

Output:

As an output of this RY-RY model, 324 youth members and 54 retired persons brought under the umbrella of KVK. So far, an amount of Rs.10.3 lakhs was collected and disbursed to 36 youth members to start their own agriculture and allied enterprise. The few examples are furnished below: Loan availed (Rs.) Current S.No Name Father’s name Qualification from Enterprise income per Retired month (Rs.) youth Club 1 P.Kumarasan Poorasamy B.E 40,000 Milky 22,000 Mushroom 2 S.Ashok Sathi Ozippu B.E 20,000 Oyster 14,000 Mushroom 3 R.Meena Ramachandiran B.Sc 30,000 Desi 40,000 (Nursing) Chicken 4 S.Rajadurai Saminathan Diploma 40,000 Desi 60,000 Engg. chicken 5 N.Archunan Nagarajan 12th 30,000 Milky 19,200 mushroom 6 P.Sumathi Palanichamy 12th 30,000 Desi 18,600 chicken 7 G.Venkatachalapathy Govindarajan 12th 40,000 Cow 19,700 8 A.Rajandiran Azagappan 12th 20,000 Desi 15,750 chicken 9 K.Sarath Kumar Kasavan B.Com 40,000 Mushroom 24,000 10 J.Indirajith Jagadesh Diploma 40,000 Poultry 18,000 11 T.Saravanan Thangarasu B.Sc 30,000 Poultry 35,000 12 P.Ilanthamilan Periyasamy B.E 40,000 Poultry 27,000 13 G.Durai Gangatharan SSLC 25,000 Mushroom 18,400 14 R.Suraendar Ramasamy B.E 30,000 Mushroom 16,000

79 15 K.Uma Krishnamoorthy M.A 40,000 Poultry 17,000 16 A.Immanuvel Arokiyasamy M.Phil 35,000 Mushroom 15,000 Total 5,30,000 Avg. 27,400 Now, they are earning an average income of Rs.27,400/month from different agricultural enterprises. Outcome: Being an innovative and successful model, Dr.Y.G.Prasad, Director, ATARI, Hyderabad distributed the seed money on 06.12.17 and appreciated this model. Dr.H.Philip Former DEE, TNAU highly appreciated this model while his visit to our KVK a 04.10.18 and distributed seed money. Our KVK awarded “Mahindra Samriddhi KVK Samman – 2019” award for this innovative initiative. Our skilled rural youth club members are serving as master trainer, resource person to various trainings organized by our KVK and also other KVK (Karur, TANUVAS) of different districts. They are acting as advisors and role model for other youngster to start agriculture enterprise. Youth members also became an employer from employee who generating employment opportunities to others in their own enterprise. Their success cases has been broadcasted in AIR, Karaikal, Trichy and telecasted in Makkal TV, Puthiyathalaimurai, DD etc., Youth members are also recognized in various occasions by dignitaries. • Director, ICAR – Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Hyderabad • Directorate of Extension Education, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore • Director, SBI – Rural Self Employment Training Institute, Ariyalur • DDM, NABARD • JDA, Ariyalur District • Lead Bank Manager, Ariyalur • Principal Scientist from Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Hyderabad • Also appreciated by the review committee at the Annual Review Workshop for KVKs of Zone X held at CRIDA, Hyderabad during 20th – 22nd October, 2018. Impact: • It is evidenced that the regular guidance, monitorance and skilling programmes increased the livestock numbers, Mushroom production, Organic farming area in the district quantifiably (i.e) In Ariyalur district more than 40 youth members involved in Desi Chick and Kadaknath rearing, 32 members in Mushroom production and around 10% of agriculture area falls under organic farming in the district after this trainings and skilling programmes. One of the Youth Club Members Mr.Madhavan has developed Coconut Processing Unit in large scale under the guidance of KVK with the financial support from Coconut Development Board, Cochin, NABARD. • Benefit of RY-RY model and Rural Youth whatsApp group attracting youth from other districts viz., Perambalur, Cuddalore, Tanjavur, Madurai, Karur to join in our whatsApp group and to avail trainings and other benefits from our KVK and youth members. Also migration of rural youth to cities is being reduced.

80 19. INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY OR TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPED AND USED DURING THE YEAR

1. Rural Youth – Retired Youth (RY-RY model) Our KVK has maintained the potential of rural youth and planned innovatively to bring them into mainstream of agriculture. We have formed Rural Youth Club and they were capacitated on various agricultural and allied aspects to enter into the income generating activities. As they are lack of financial resources and facing hardship in availing credit facilities, they struggled to start their ventures. Here our KVK think and act differently to bring resourceful and resource less persons in a common platform. We approached retired persons and we formed a club named “Retired Youth Club” which 60 persons are members currently. They are contributing money every month and the lumpsum amount collected will be disbursed to youth members to start their agricultural activities. Currently and amount of Rs.5,30,000 lakhs mobilised such a way to disbursed to 16 members. They were regularly repaying their loan with bank interest. Note : The details of genesis of RY-RY model is well explained in Chapter 9. 2. Abridging Resource less and Resourceful This is and innovation of our KVK to bring uncultivated land into cultivation. The land owned are sometimes unable to do agriculture due to several reasons viz., over age. No follower (Son / Daughter), working abroad, etc. by having very close association with the farmers our KVK could identify such a resourceful (Land Water) persons and links them with potential youth members. The youth members are identified from our youth club, so far by this kind of linkage 42 ha. Uncultivated area brought under cultivation benefitting 10 farmers and youth members. They will pay the nominal lease to the land owners. Our KVK is technically supporting the youth besides availing them the land resource. 3. Technology delivery to the famer representatives In Tamil Nadu Farmers Grievance day is the regular phenomenon in all the district and it is being conducted on last Friday of every month. Around 300 progressive farmers representing almost all parts of Ariyalur district and district and lock level officials are the partaken under the president ship of District Collector. Our KVK is utilizing this platform effectively to disseminate the technologies needed for the upcoming month. This 30 minutes programme consists of • Powerpoint presentation, • Exhibit of technological products, • Method demonstration, • Sharing of success of one farmer • Information on KVK events for the ongoing month • Release of booklets

81 4. Group approach ICAR KVK took concerted effort in holding series of methodological approach to analyze the ground situation at each of its operational villages. To identify the problems for the crop production, animal production and the allied aspects that support the livelihood of farm families. It followed various specific methodologies as mentioned below. Based on the data collection for baseline information CREED KVK planned its intervention plan through FLD, OFT, FFS, various trainings (on and off ), etc. 5. Use of ICT in Technology Transfer a. WhatsApp: We have two WhatsApp groups administrated by our KVK. One groups is specially meant for Rural youth and the other group is for farmers. The Director of Extension Education, TNAU is also the admin of this group and Director, ICAR-ATARI, Hyderabad is also present in these groups. The message are being regularly posted by our experts on different technologies needed as per the crop calendar. These groups facilitates the exchange of technologies, ideas, clarifications, marketing of technological inputs and products b. Giochat programmes : This innovative ICT aided technology transfer mechanism is assisted by Reliance Foundation. In this programmes, the field staff take the photo of field problems viz., pest attach, disease incidence, micro nutrient deficiencies, etc. and sent to experts at our Kendra. Our expert teams views the photos on large screen like in Television and clarifies / suggest the suitable measures to the farmers over phone. This kind of programmes aid in reach of more number of farmers in minimum time. During 2017-18 four such programmes and covered 86 farmers to solve 112 problems in various crops 6. Identification, Validation and Promotion of Farmers innovation Apart from innovation made by our KVK for the effective functioning, we are showing special emphasize in identification, validation and promotion of farmers innovation at farm level. The such innovations were highly appreciated by our Director ICAR-ATARI Dr.Y.G.Prasad during December 2017. Their innovations were presented at 1. Innovators meet held at CRIDA on 14th April 2018 and these innovations find a place in the book titled Farm Innovators published by ICAR-ATARI, Hyderabad 2. Agriculture conclave held at Lucknow on 5th to 8th October 2018 20. Indigenous technology practiced by the farmers in the KVK operational area which can be considered for technology development (in detail with suitable photographs)

S. Crop / ITK Practiced Purpose of ITK No. Enterprise 1 Cashew 1 kg goat meat + 1 kg cow meat+ 1kg pig meat + 1 kg Growth regulator desi chicken meat + 1 kg fish waste +1 kg blackgram flour+ 1 kg jaggery + 50 lit of water. mixed well. Kept for fermentation for 40 days stiring in morning and evening two times done. 1 litre gunapanjajam mixed with 30 litres of water and sprayed as nutrient for crops and also soil

82 application. It will improve the growth of cashew plants traditionally. 2 Vegetables Cow urine and dung are collected, mixed with water and To control the pest fermented for few days. After fermentation, the content is sieved to control pests. Cow urine act as germicide and cow dung provides nutrients to the crops. 3 Paddy Soaking the paddy seeds in diluted cows urine before To improve the seed sowing. germination percentage and early vigour of the seedlings. 4 Paddy Bunds are strengthened with weeds and stubbles collected To prevent rat holes from the fields, bunds are plastered with mud. and their damage. 5 Paddy Placing bird perches in the field to allow birds to sit and To control all kinds predate on the pests. of larvae. 6 Paddy Storing of grains on a mud pot of more than 6 feet height. To control storage pests. 7 Paddy Keeping neem leaves or pungam leaves in between gunny To control storage bags. pests. 8 Duck Duck rearing in Paddy field To increase soil rearing fertility and collected pupae in summer season 9 Poultry Use of Phyllanthus niruri, cumin seeds, garlic extract, To contain ranikhet and turmeric is mixed with boiled rice and can be given as prophylactic and as feed. after disease outbreak.

21. A. IMPACT OF KVK ACTIVITIES

Change in income (Rs./ha.) Name of specific No. of % of adoption Before After technology/skill transferred participants (Rs./Unit) (Rs./Unit) Varietal introduction CO(R) 50 68 46 14,790 24,600 Mechanization of Transplanting 55 70 33,569 48,880 in Paddy MN Mixture application 32 70 37,760 51,290 Introduction of Groundnut 52 60 37,014 53,458 variety VRI 2 Introduction of Sesame variety 46 45 26,410 39,300 TMV 7 2% DAP spray in pulses 65 50 24,700 31,200 Vegetable seedling production 57 75 1,14,350 1,44,500 through protray ICM in cashew 46 68 15,000 30,000 Management of shoot and fruit 26 45 62,300 86,400 borer in brinjal Hi-Tech Tuberose cultivation 22 32 7,25,000 1,05,000 Seed treatment with 70 37 38,014 64,488 Pseudomonas in paddy and groundnut Introduction of fodder CO (CN) 59 73 16,500 26,250 5 and CO(FS) 29 Soil test based fertilizer 37 42 38,670 54,040 application

83 Integrated feed management in 46 32 13,600/cow 21,200/cow cattle /lactation /lactation Integrated disease management 42 22 4,200/goat 7,410 /goat / in sheep and goat /sheep sheep Mixed fodder cultivation 29 15 36,000/acre 48,100/acre Composite fish culture 30 17 85,000/ha. 1,75,000/ha. Stunted earlings for seasonal 25 11 94,000/ha. 1,20,500/ha. ponds Disease management in poultry 162 88 4,800/ 6,300/ birds 20 birds 20 birds Spraying of Pulse wonder 594 56 5,060/ha 62,160 Groundnut rich 786 52 23,626/ha 54,331/ha Introduction of Bio fortified 41 22 18,600 21,400 paddy variety DRR Dhan 45 NCOF Water decomposer 86 48 1,18,000 1,26,000 Paddy AWD Pani pipe 115 46 19,420 24,370 technology Azolla cultivation 110 56 14,800/cow 18,400/cow /lactation /lactation Insurance & Immunization for 40 45 - 30,000 Livestock (if any death of dairy animal) Composite fish culture 65 27 3,5000 42,000 Stunted yearlings for seasonal 45 24 37,000 48,300 ponds

21.B. Cases of large scale adoption

Cases of large scale adoption

% of Villages Crop/Enterprise Technology Treatment Adoption Throughout the Groundnut Groundnut KVK has recommended spraying of 52 District rich as foliar groundnut rich 5 kg/ha at the time spray to of peak flowering stage 2 times for improve the increasing the yield of groundnut by yield 18 percent. Nagamangalam Paddy CO(R) 50 Varietal After seeing the performance of 70 introduction CO®50 over CR1009. The farmers CO(R) 50 were very much interested in cultivation of CO®50. With the advice of our Kendra and by the demand from the farmers. The state agricultural department has itself started distribution of CO®50 paddy seeds in their depots. Now, it is being spread not only our operational area of village but also in other blocks. Sembiyakudi Paddy Mechanization Now, the farmers are carrying out 70 of transplanting operation in time at Transplanting less cost. in Paddy Cholamadevi All crops MN Mixture Now the farmers have realized the 60 application importance of micro nutrients and started to regularly apply MN mixture through soil and foliar

84 % of Villages Crop/Enterprise Technology Treatment Adoption application. Kasankottai Groundnut Introduction After the demonstration on VRI 2, 80 of Groundnut farmers are harvesting 1000 kg/ac. variety VRI 2 And thereby the income level increased. Puliyankuzhi Sesame Introduction Now the farmers are familiarized in 40 of Sesame using certified seeds. They also variety TMV harvest 15-20 % increased yield by 7 cultivation of TMV 7 over the earlier varieties. Devamangalam Pulses 2% DAP Farmers are regularly spraying 2% 70 spray in DAP at flowering and pod pulses formation stage. So, they are obtaining bold grains and thereby increased yield. Silal Vegetables Vegetable Now the farmers using good quality 45 seedling seedling raised in 84ortrays. So the production initial establishment and yield is through upto the expected level in all the protray transplanted vegetable like tomato, brinjal, chillies, etc. Veerakkan Cashew ICM in The farmers are learned to manage 70 cashew the tea mosquito bug and stem borer by regular sprays and other management practices. Now the productivity has increased upto 250 kg/acre. Karaikuruchi Brinjal Management Now the farmers are familiarized in 45 of shoot and usage of pheromone trap and other fruit borer in bio control measures in brinjal management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Now the infestation is reduced to 10-15 % Kuvagam Tuberose Hi-Tech Farmers are now adopting the new 30 Tuberose variety of hybrid namely Prajwal cultivation with soil mulching techniques and nematode management practices to get higher yield. Kasankottai Paddy and Seed Farmers are doing seed treatment 40 groundnut treatment with with Pseudomonas with 10g/kg of Pseudomonas seed as prophylactic measures and in paddy and also the soil application of 1 kg groundnut /acre and thereby good control of seed borne and soil borne diseases and ensured. Across the district Fodder Introduction The farmers are well aware of 52 of fodder CO importance of green fodder in (CN)4 and management of cattle and also to CO(FS) 29 improve the milk productivity. Now farmers practicing the cultivation of fodder CO(CN)4 and CO (FS) 29 in at least 10 cents. Kasankottai Groundnut Mechanization Now, the farmers are carrying out 46 in Groundnut sowing operation in time at less cost. Across the district Cattle Integrated Judicious use of green fodder 59 feed cereal, legume and green fodder

85 % of Villages Crop/Enterprise Technology Treatment Adoption management crops and concentrated feed along in cattle with minerals enhances health of animals Across the district Cattle Integrated Ethno veterinary practices, animal 48 disease health Camp management in sheep and goat Across the district Cattle Mixed fodder Judicious use of green fodder 39 cultivation cereal, legume and green fodder crops and concentrated feed along with minerals enhances health of animals Across the district fish Composite Intensive fish culture like catla, 27 fish culture mirgal and rogu Across the district fish Stunted Useful technology for short water 24 yearlings for bodies seasonal ponds

Details of impact analysis of KVK activities carried out during the reporting period 1. Impact of FOCT Training on developing self employment through tree climbing at Ariyalur District Introduction Krishi Vigyan Kendra designs different types of training courses for the farmers, farm women and rural youth. Training is an important aspect of the entrepreneurship development and it is considered as part of strategy for growth and development of an organization or individual. Basically, training is intended to help individuals to learn and to bring the desired standard of efficiency, condition and behavior. The total population of Ariyalur District is 7,52,481 of these 3,51,270 are farmers. The youth members (19-35 years) constitutes 36% of the total population and about 30% of them are unemployed or underemployed. ICAR – Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) hosted by CREED was started during March, 2009 at Ariyalur district. Since then the KVK marching towards empowerment of farming community by dissemination of various technologies related to agriculture and allied sector. Krishi VigyanKendra, Ariyalur has conducted training programmes to unemployed rural youth in collaboration with Coconut Development Board, Cochin. The name of the training was “Coconut Tree Climbing using climbing device” under friends of coconut trees (FOCT) concepts. The preferred age of the trainees was 18 to 45 years. In total 160 rural youth were trained during last three years from 2017-18 to 2019-20. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important and versatile tree crop with diverse end-uses, supporting livelihood of many farm households in the primary sector, grown in many states of India. But in recent days coconut farmers are facing serious problems in coconut harvesting due to the

86 shortage of trained climbers to harvest the nuts and clean the trees annually. It costs high ranging from Rs.50 – 80 per tree for climbing and harvesting. The present study was undertaken to assess the impact of FOCT trainings on income and employment generation to rural youth and its role on reducing problems in coconut harvesting. Materials and Methods By considering the problem of shortage of trained tree climbers, the Coconut Development Board, Cochin have introduced the training on climbing of coconut trees using a safe and easy to use climbing device. During 2017-18 to 2019-20 eight such a trainings programmes were conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ariyalur District with the financial support of Coconut Development Board (CDB) to 160 coconut farmers or youth members to impart the skill of using palm climbing device and management of coconut plantations for sustainable yields. The knowledge of coconut palm management and associated pest and disease management was also taught to the trainees. The selection of unemployed youth were done through advertising in print and electronic media and also through oral information. For each training programme 20 trainees were admitted. Total 160 rural youth were trained for safe climbing of coconut trees using coconut tree climber and improved coconut cultivation practices. After successful completion of the training they were provided with a palm climbing device, free accidental insurance for one year and a certificate of completion so as to enable him to take this as his profession. These trainees were linked with Coconut Development Board to get regular advices and schemes related to coconut farming. Out of 160 trainees 100 trainees were selected by using simple random sampling. The information pertaining to tree climber by traditional methods and advanced method of using climbing device was collected by using a well- structured pretested schedule. Adoption was operationalized here as a decision to make full use of coconut climbing device for harvesting of coconuts. Farmers adopt them either fully, partially or do not adopt at all. Score 3, 2 and 1 was given for fully, partial and non-adoption respectively. In order to interpret collected data and to draw meaningful conclusions, data were statistically analysed by using analytical statistics i.e. correlation. Results and Discussion Trainees adopted the coconut tree climbing device in two ways one is for harvesting their own coconuts and remaining one is as a profession for income generating purpose. The trainees expressed that the device is time saving, simple and safe and reduced the harvesting cost. The device was so designed to attract the youth and non-traditional coconut climbers to take up coconut harvesting as vocation. The small farmers with few number of coconut trees were very happy to harvest nuts by their own by using this simple device.

Table 1. Distribution of respondents according to extend of adoption of coconut tree climbing device at Ariyalur District. (n=100) Extend of adoption S.No Technology Fully Partially Not adoption Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage 1 Use of 52 52.00 38 38.00 10 10.00 coconut tree climbing device

It could be seen from Table 1 that 52.00 percent of the trainees were fully adopted the coconut tree climbing device as an income generating activities by climbing others trees for wage. A person could climb 25 to 30 trees in a day and earned Rs.750 to 1000/day. About 38.00 percent of the trainees were partially adopted the device for climbing for wage, only 10.00 percent of the farmers were not adopted this device. About 80 percent of the trainees were adopted the coconut tree climbing device for earning income and remaining 20 per cent of the trainees adopted the device for harvesting their own coconuts. This might be due to the fact that most of the rural youth trainees were enthusiastic in participation of trainings as it involves more practical exposures and easy to climb apart from ensuring safety. As Ariyalur district is having limited coconut plantations, the trained climbers preferred to go to the nearby districts also to climb the trees and get income. The problem of coconut growers in harvesting the nuts at high cost (Rs.50-80/tree) using the traditional climbers were solved to the maximum extend as they could use this trained climbers at Rs.25-30/tree. Table 2. Correlation analysis of profile characters and their extend of adoption of coconut tree climbing device Correlation Co-efficient S.No. Profile character (‘r’ valve) 1 Age -0.226 NS 2 Education 0.575** 3 Farm size 0.457** 4 Farming experience -0.279* 5 Family type 0.047** 6 Annual income -0.279* 7 Social participation 0.356** 8 Mass Media exposure 0.268* 9 Extension agency contact 0.330* 10 Training exposure 0.285* 11 Risk bearing ability 0.543** 12 Motivation orientation 0.648** * = significant at 0.05 level of probability ** = significant at 0.01 level of probability

88 A perusal of data presented in table 2 revealed that, among the twelve profile characteristics of respondents studied, nine characteristics namely education, farm size, family type, social participation, mass media exposure, extension agency contact, training exposure, risk preference and motivation orientation were significantly correlated with adoption of coconut climbing device. However, age, farming experience and annual income were negatively correlated with adoption of coconut climbing device for nut harvest and crown cleaning. Education and farm size paves the way to quench the need for information for adoption. Social participation act as supporting psychological variable to verify and clarify the misconception in adoption of the device. Mass media exposure, extension contact and training exposure facilitated quick acquisition of knowledge and better adoption. Social participation act as supporting psychological variable to verify and clarify the misconception in adoption of the device. Table 3. Income and employment generation to youth members by coconut tree climber device No. of persons Employment involved in No. of trees Income Cost/tree generation tree climbing being climbed / generation/ (Rs.) /year as a month / person Person (Rs.) (Mandays) profession 83 750 30 22,500 24,500

It was evident from Table 3 that among the methods of climbing, 83 youth members out of 160 persons trained were involved in tree climbing as a profession. Number of trees climbed / month by one person was 750 trees and thereby Rs.22,500 could be earned by a person per month. About 24,500 mandays of employment is being generated per year to the 83 tree climbers. This was mainly due to use of advance method of climber leads easy to climb the tree, without any life accidental risk by using coconut climber over other method of harvesting of coconuts. Whereas, manually climbing the tall trees, experienced body pain, muscles catch and with lot of risk while climbing and very difficult to meet out financial needs of a family with meager earnings. Hence the Friends of Coconut Trees trainings designed by the Coconut Development Board and imparted by different KVKs certainly could reduce the risk of tree climbing and body pain besides easing out to climb more number of trees per day. This could paved the way for increased income and the employment to the rural youth. Conclusion The study partially and fully has shown that ninety per cent of the trainees were adopted the coconut tree climbing device. Correlation analysis also indicated that education, farm size, family type, social participation, mass media exposure, extension agency contact, training exposure, risk preference and motivation orientation were significantly correlated with adoption of coconut climbing device. The study concludes that coconut climber equipment is a boon for the coconut harvesters, since it has reduced the drudgery in tree climbing and improved the climbing efficiency there by providing employment opportunity for rural youth, which has helped them to improve their

89 livelihood. The FOCT training conducted by the ICAR KVK, Ariyalur paved the way for steady income and employment to the youth members. 2. Impact Assessment of KVK's Interventions on Groundnut Cultivation with special reference to IPDM practices in Ariyalur District Introduction Ariyalur district of Tamil Nadu is located in North eastern part of Tamil Nadu which has the potential of cultivating wet land, garden land and rainfed crops. Paddy is the major wet land cop while groundnut and Blackgram are the important garden land crops. Pearlmillet, maize, cashew and cotton are the rainfed crops raised in red sandy loam and black cotton soils during north east monsoon season. The literacy level of farmers and the technical know-how on advanced crop production practices was poor due to the lack of resource centres like KVK or Regional Agricultural Stations Groundnut is an important oilseed crop cultivated in an area of more than 17,500 ha in rabi season (November-December) under garden land condition mainly in five blocks of Ariyalur district viz., T.Palur, Jayankondam, Andimadam, Ariyalur and Sendurai with borewell irrigation. The important varieties under cultivation are Gujarat, VRI2, JL24 for domestic use and also for local marketing. The groundnut farmers were less assured of their crop due to the socio factors viz., less affordability towards high cost of inputs, biotic and abiotic stresses, improper marketing structure etc. CREED KVK focused its extension activities in the five blocks of Ariyalur from 2009-10 to 2017-18 to improve the knowledge level of farmers and adoption of advanced Integrated pest and disease management technologies pertaining to groundnut cultivation. The KVK demonstrated various IPM technologies through series of interventions in the farm of trainings, front line demonstrations, on farm trials, exposure visits, etc. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the gain in knowledge level among the respondents and to study the adoption level of various interventions on groundnut and also to find out the reasons for non-adoption of certain technologies and to suggest suitable alternatives to enhance the income level out of Groundnut cultivation. Materials and Methods Though most of the interventions were carried out in five blocks, but only two blocks viz., T.Palur and Andimadam were selected for the study. For the selection of respondents, list of beneficiaries if various programmes of KVK during last five years (2013-14 to 2017-18) was prepared. Out of 1200 beneficiaries, only 100 farmers were selected by simple random sampling procedure from T.Palur and Andimadam with 50 farmers from each block. A questionnaire was prepared and the data were collected through personal interviews with the respondents. The data collected were processed. Tabulated, classified and analysed interms of percentage, Totally 11 practices were selected as criteria to evaluate the farmers for extent of knowledge gained and adoption of groundnut integrated pest and disease management technologies as results of various intervention viz., trainings, method demonstrations, Front Line Demonstrations

90 (FLDs), On Farm Trials (OFTs), diagnostic visits, advisory services, exposure visits, radio talks and popular articles. Results and Discussion Gain in knowledge Most of the farmers were traditional in nature and has less access to resource centres like KVK before the inception of CREED KVK during 2009. It is presumed that the knowledge of farmers to a larger degree relies upon the extent of exposure given to them through tools like trainings, demonstrations, exposure visits, etc. The data presented in Table 1 reveals the increased knowledge gain on various technologies of IPM due to the series of intervention of KVK. The highest gain of 54 percent was observed in knowledge on seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @ 10g/kg. of seed to control the seed borne disease like root rot and stem rot. this could be due to the frequent trainings and demonstrations conducted by the KVK and because of the easiness of technology in seed treatment. This is in consonance with the findings of Changadeya et al., (2012). Installation of pheromone traps @5/ha for monitoring and trapping of Sopdoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera recorded the knowledge gain to the tune of 46 per cent and it could be due to the trainings and method demonstration organized by KVK at the farmer's field under Farm Field School programme. It is also support the findings of Dubey et al. (2008). The beneficiary farmers realized the usefulness of the technology by seeing the performance of groundnut crop under IPM measures followed filed and by interaction with the successful farmers. Forty percent gain in knowledge was observed towards soil application of Trichoderma viride 10kh/ha. to avoid the soil borne diseases like dry root rot, stem rot, leaf spot and rust. Need based application of Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @120 ml/kg to groundnut field recorded the knowledge gain of 38 percent as it is very effective, cheaper and easily available. The least gain in knowledge was observed for crop rotation as the 32 percent of the farmers knew the crop rotation and the rest of the 20 percent of the respondents alone understand the need of crop rotation after KVK's intervention. The technologies viz., Installation of light trap @1 No./5 ha, collection and destruction of egg masses and spraying of Hexaconazole 5% EC in 15 days interval revealed 30 percent of knowledge of gain due to the interventions of KVK as the exposure to these technologies might be less. Extent of Adoption The data (Table 2) revealed that 56 percent of the farmers adopted seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @10g/kg of seed, 44 percent of the farmer installation of each pheromone traps @5/ha and 42 percent of the farmers adopted spraying of Hexaconazole 5% EC. The reason for higher adoption of these technologies could be the beneficial effect of these technologies to control seed borne diseases and pests and thereby increased level of income. Seed treatment, installation of pheromone trap and spraying of Hexaconazole technologies to control the pest and diseases resulted in high yield and hence the farmers is impressed upon this technology and its adoption was also high. Likewise, the sucking pest and leaf defoliated are the major pest in groundnut cultivation and by series of intervention of KVK the spray of Imidacloprid @ 125ml/ha and spraying of chloripyriphos

91 20% EC recorded higher adoption percentage of 30. Though the deep ploughing in summer is essential technique, 55 percent of the farmers were adopting this technology even before the KVK's intervention. It was noted that gain in knowledge about soil application of T.viride among the farmers was to an extent of 34 percent and its effects on control of soil borne disease like root rot, leaf spot and rust. Besides, it is effective, low cost and available throughout the year in KVK itself and it facilitated the farmers to use it regularly. About 12 percent of the farmers were taking collection and destruction of egg masses before KVK's influence as it was effective and easy for control of leaf eating caterpillar. The farmers used to take the samples like pest and disease to the nearby agro centre and the shopkeeper recommends chemicals but after KVK's intervention, the farmers were familiar in handling the IPM in groundnut. Knowledge Acquisition Vs Extent of adoption The gain in knowledge depends on various factors like easiness of technologies, educational background of the participating farmers, extension approaches handled in technology transfer, farmers' attitude, ability of extension personnel, teaching and learning situation etc. Likewise the extent of adoption of a particular technology relies mainly on easiness and usefulness of the technology besides the socio economic status, access to the technological inputs and its low cost. This is in accordance with the findings of Alagukannan et al. (2015) in Banana cultivation at Tuticorin District. The present study on percentage gain in knowledge and percentage adoption could certainly generate some useful information for future line of study or the charges needed in existing system of cultivation of groundnut. About deep ploughing in summer season, 88 percent of the respondents gained knowledge on summer ploughing and it was adopted by 78 percent of the respondents. The similar trend was also noticed in the case of soil application of neem cake @ 250kg/ha. In contrary to that, crop rotation was known to the farmers to an extent of 52 percent after KVK trainings but its adoption was less (18 %). This could be due to preference of the farmers to the groundnut in terms of income over the other crops. Similarly the gain in knowledge in respect of installation of light traps was 42% but only 12 percent of farmers used installation of light trap due to non availability of light traps in local and high cost. The other technologies like installation of pheromone trap, seed treatment with Trichoderma viride, spraying of Hexaconazole, Imidacloprid and Chloripyriphos exhibited the similar trend of comparatively higher level of acquisition of knowledge and also adoption among the participating farmers by the various interventions of KVK. In contrary to that the knowledge acquired by the beneficiary farmers was high but its adoption was less for the technologies viz., collection and destruction of egg masses of leaf eating caterpillar and soil application of T.viride. This implies that still more awareness on this technology has to be imparted to the farmers and easy availability of T.viride in right time should be ensured. Conclusion and Recommendation The findings of the present study reveals that the interventions of CREED KVK, certainly facilitated the knowledge acquisition by the farmers and adoption at higher level in groundnut cultivation with respect to the technologies viz., summer ploughing, soil application of neem cake,

92 installation of pheromone trap, seed treatment with T.viride, soil application of T.viride, spraying of Hexaconazole, Imidaclorprid and Chloripyriphos to control various pests and diseases and to get higher yield. The present study also suggests the need of alternatives or timely availability of critical inputs like light traps could be ensured and some more awareness is required on use of light trap, crop rotation and collection and destruction of egg masses techniques. The extension system should be further invigorated using ICT tools to improve the knowledge acquisition and adoption of technologies in Groundnut cultivation at Ariyalur District. Table 1. Gain in knowledge level with respect to IPDM practices in Groundnut cultivation due to the intervention of CREED KVK at Ariyalur District of Tamilnadu

Knowledge Level Gain in Sl. No IPM Technology Before KVK After KVK knowledge intervention intervention (%) a. Cultural practices 1 Deep ploughing in summer to expose 60 88 28 soil 2 Soil application of Neem cake 25 60 35 @200kg/ha 3 Crop rotation 32 52 20 b. Mechanical practices 4 Installation of light traps 1 No./5 ha. 12 42 30 5 Installation of each pheromone traps 20 46 66 @5No./ha. for monitoring and trapping of S.litura and H.armigera 6 Collection and destruction of egg 8 38 30 masses of leaf eating caterpillar c. Biological control of pest and diseases 7 Seed treatment with T.viride10g/kg of 24 78 54 seed 8 Soil application of T.viride @10 kg/ha 20 60 40 d. Chemical control 9 Two spray Hexzaconazole 5% EC 45 75 30 @1500 ml/500 lit. of water at 15 days interval 10 Need based application of 32 70 38 Imidaclorprid 17.8@ SL @125ml/ha. for managing sucking pest of Groundnut 11 Spraying of chloripyriphos 20%EC 48 80 32 @1500ml/500 lit. of water for managing defoliators

93 Table 2. Change in adoption level with respect to IPDM practices in Groundnut cultivation due to the intervention of CREED KVK at Ariyalur District of Tamilnadu Knowledge Level Before KVK Gain in Sl. No IPM Technology After KVK intervention knowledge intervention After KVK (%) a. Cultural practices 1 Deep ploughing in summer to expose 55 78 23 soil 2 Soil application of Neem cake 22 40 18 @200kg/ha 3 Crop rotation 3 56 18 b. Mechanical practices 4 Installation of light traps 1 No./5 ha. 10 22 12 5 Installation of each pheromone traps 18 62 44 @5No./ha. for monitoring and trapping of S.litura and H.armigera 6 Collection and destruction of egg 12 32 20 masses of leaf eating caterpillar c. Biological control of pest and diseases 7 Seed treatment with T.viride10g/kg of 16 72 56 seed 8 Soil application of T.viride @10 kg/ha 22 56 34 d. Chemical control 9 Two spray Hexzaconazole 5% EC 38 80 42 @1500 ml/500 lit. of water at 15 days interval 10 Need based application of 35 65 30 Imidaclorprid 17.8@ SL @125ml/ha. for managing sucking pest of Groundnut 11 Spraying of chloripyriphos 20%EC 44 74 30 @1500ml/500 lit. of water for managing defoliators

3. Impact study on Mushroom cultivation for Micro Entrepreneurship development

Introduction

Cultivated mushrooms have now become popular all over the world. Mushroom cultivation can directly improve livelihoods through economic, nutritional and medicinal contributions. Mushroom is a popular food due to their special flavour, nutritive value and medicinal properties. Mushrooms are a good source of vitamin B, C and D, including niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, and folate, and various minerals including potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper. They provide high quality fats and low in carbohydrates and cholesterol, which is ideal for reducing body weight. Mushroom cultivation can help reduce vulnerability to poverty and strengthens livelihoods through the generation of a fast yielding and nutritious source of food and a reliable source of income. It is an indoor crop, grown independent without sunlight and do not require fertile land and can be grown on small scale as it does not include any significant capital investment.

94 Mushroom cultivation will improve the socio-economic condition of farmers, families and solve employment problems of both literate and illiterate of rural areas and semi-urban, especially women. Mushroom cultivation is a women friendly profession. Mushroom growing is an agricultural activity in which women can utilize their spare time and play a vital role without sacrificing their household responsibilities. Promotion of mushroom cultivation could relieve pressure on land, increase food and nutritional security and uplift the status of women through earning additional income and in household decision making as far as concerned Mushroom substrate can be prepared from any clean agricultural waste material, and mushrooms can be produced in temporary clean shelters. They can be cultivated on a part-time basis, and require little maintenance. Mushroom cultivation activities can play an important role in supporting the local economy by contributing to subsistence food security, nutrition, and medicine; generating additional employment and income through local, regional and national trade; and offering opportunities for processing enterprises such as pickling and drying. Oyster as well as Button mushroom offers good potential for its cultivation in Ariyalur district. The demonstration and training conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ariyalur. The trained people after getting proper know how and skill started its production. Apart from the trained trainees, a lot of other farmers and farm women started its cultivation by seeing their neighbour and fellow farmer nearby villages. But methods of mushroom cultivation of these two groups differ a lot and the difference were mainly due to proper training from KVK taken before mushroom cultivation was started. Keeping in view the increasing demand of mushroom due to globalization and opening of the economy, the present study was undertaken with the specific objective to assess the impact of training and demonstration on mushroom production as an enterprise/self-employment. Methodology A complete list of 200 respondents was randomly prepared who have under gone through training and demonstration on mushroom production technique from Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ariyalur districts from 2014- 15 to 2017-18. A questionnaire was framed covering background information. In order to assess the knowledge gained by the trainees and effectiveness of training, a pre-test before training and post evaluation after training was conducted to know the level of knowledge of participants about species, pest and disease infestation in mushrooms as well as their storage process and value addition etc. To test the knowledge of trainees, a set of 10 questions related to mushroom production, nutritive value, value added products prepared from mushroom, its picking and storage method etc. were prepared and the suggestions from the trainees were also recorded for further improvement in the next training programme. Change in perception level was calculated from the difference of scores obtained in pre and post knowledge test of the trainees. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using frequency, percentages and ranking.

Change of Knowledge = After training – Before training X 100 Total respondents

95 Results & Discussion Training courses aim at enhancing adoption and diffusion of innovations. Some of the outcomes envisaged for any training programme were gain in knowledge, gain in skill acquired and ultimately in more adoption and integration among farming community. An important indicator of the impact of training programme is the extent, to which they have adopted the package of practice of mushroom cultivation technology. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ariyalur has been giving long and short duration training on Mushroom production both to farmers, rural youth and rural women. Mushroom production has become one of few enterprises which rural women of both district has adopted in big way both at household level and as commercial enterprise as a source of income generation after the proper dissemination of technology through KVK. Change in perception level of respondents (N=200) Change in perception level of respondents before and after training was shown in Table 1. They develop a favourable attitude towards mushroom production after training. In pretest before training, the knowledge of respondents about mushroom spawn production was zero and 1.75 per cent regarding methods of compost making to 32.0 percent in case of awareness of loans, schemes and subsides provided by public or private institutions for establishment of mushroom production unit as revealed by Table 2. Post training score of various practices ranged from 58.00 per cent in case of mushroom spawn production to 100 per cent in case of profitability in mushroom cultivation. It was thus noticed that pre-training knowledge score was not much satisfactory for all the aspects of training programme. However, the knowledge score gained by respondents after training was more satisfactory in all aspects. The reason behind the satisfactory change in perception level might be due to well educational background, keen interest of participants and methods followed for technology transfer to the trainees. Table 1: Change in perception level of respondents for mushroom production (N=200) Pre-test Post-test Change in Knowledge Knowledge S.No. Particulars perception before training after training level (%) (%) (%) 1 Knowledge of Species of 8.5 90.25 81.75 Mushroom and Identification of edible mushroom 2 Nutritive and medicinal value of 5.5 80 74.5 mushroom 3 Materials and Techniques used for 8 81.75 73.75 different types of mushroom production 4 Methods of compost making 1.75 64.5 62.75 5 Pest and disease infestation in 5 78.75 73.75 mushroom 6 Profitability in mushroom 22.5 100 77.5 cultivation 7 Harvesting and storage process 7.5 89 81.5 8 Mushroom spawn production 0 58 58 9 Value added products of 10.25 86 75.75

96 mushroom 10 Awareness of loans, schemes and 32 98.25 66.25 subsides provided by public or private institutions for establishment of mushroom production unit

Level of adoption A total of 200 farmers and farm women participated in the training for mushroom production in the year 2014-15 to 2018-19. Out of 200 farmers and farm women, only 78 farmers adopted desi bird farming practices (Table 1). Table 2. Impact of training programme of Mushroom cultivation farming Number of Number of participants Number of Percent Year participants of adopting mushroom training adoption training production 2014-15 1 26 8 30.76 2015-16 3 61 21 34.42 2016-17 4 73 28 38.00 2017-18 3 40 21 52.50 Total 11 200 78 Avg: 38.92

The average rate of adoption from the year of 2014-15 to 2017-18 was 38.92%. The highest rate of adoption was noticed in the year of 2017-18 (52.50%), where as the lowest rate of adoption was noticed in the year of 2014-15 (30.76%) (Table.2). The low adoption of mushroom production in the year of 2014-15 may be due to hesitation on adoption of new technology as the mushroom production level and lack of availability of spawn and marketing. In consequent years, the adoption level increased on seeing of neighbour farms of benefited farmers. Conclusion

Training and demonstration are integral part of KVK extension system. Krishi Vigyan Kendra playing an important role in encouraging rural farmers and farm women to take up simple and quick income generating enterprises from where they can earn additional income. The trainee respondents were inspired greatly by the easy method of mushroom production. The mushrooms were included in their daily diet and supplemented additional nutrition to them. The perception levels of the respondents about mushroom and its production after the training have changed. The reason behind the satisfactory change in perception level is due to well educational background, keen interest of participants and methods followed for technology transfer to the trainees. It also provided an opportunity to strengthen the link between farmers and scientists which helped in technology dissemination and overall development of weaker section. The regular supply of quality spawn is the single most important intervention that needs to be addressed for mushroom entrepreneurship to flourish.

22. Functional linkage with different organizations

S.No. Name of organization Nature of linkage 1 Department of Agriculture, Ariyalur District Training, Demonstration, Farm School and Meetings (ATMA, Zonal Monthly Meeting), 2 Department of Horticulture, Ariyalur District Training and Demonstration 3 Department of Animal Husbandry, Ariyalur District Training and Demonstration 4 Department of Agricultural Engineering Training and Demonstration 5 Department of Agricultural Marketing Training 6 Department of Seed Certification Training & Seed production 7 Department of Sericulture Training and demonstration 8 Directorate of Cashewnut and Cocoa Development Seminar & Training Board, Cochin 9 Coconut Development Board, Chennai Seminar & Training 10 Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi Training and Demonstration 11 National Commission for Women, New Delhi Seminar 12 AIR, TRICHY Radio Talk 13 AIR,Karaikal Radio Talk 14 Doordharshan TV Talk 14 NABARD Farmers club, Training and FPO promotion 15 Pudhu Vaazhvu Thittam, Ariyalur District Training 16 Mahalir Thittam Training and Demonstration 17 LEAD Bank (SBI), Ariyalur Training 18 SBI-Rural Self Employment Training Institute(RSETI) Training 19 Reliance Foundation Capacity building and Voice message 20 OSAI NGO Training 21 RISE NGO Training

List special programmes undertaken by the KVK and operational now, which have been financed by State Govt./Other Agencies

Date/ Month of Name of the scheme Funding agency Amount (Rs.) initiation ------

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98 Minutes of SAC Meeting 2019-20

Dr.A.Baskaran, Principal Scientist, ATARI  Market preference of each variety before promotion to farmer.  Every year documentation of specific technologies should be done by KVK.  To conduct Agro forestry activity collaboration with forestry department.  Revolving Fund should be increase in KVK farm.

Dr.Backiyarani, Principal Scientist, NRCB, Trichy  The success story of individual farmers should be recorded and broadcasted through Radio and TV channels.  Awards to be given to the farmers based on different technology.  To conduct FLD on Kuthiraivali MDU 5 in problematic soils.

Dr.Ambedkar, Director, TRRI, Aduthurai  Promotion of drought tolerant varieties and technologies.  To popularize the variety ADT 51, ADT 52, CR1009 Sub1 as alternate for CR1009 in Samba season.  Promotion of Ecological Engineering.

Dr.Mothilal, Professor and Head, RRS, Virudhachalam  Promotion of semi spreading Groundnut varieties in Rainfed areas.  Promotion on High yielding varieties VRI 8, CO 7, BSR 2 and TMV 14 in irrigated condition.  Promotion of Mechanized Groundnut cultivation and Mechanized stripper to Ariyalur district.  Promotion of High yielding Sesame variety VRI 3 and TMV 7.  Promotion of VRI 3, VRI(CW)H1 and High Density planting in Cashew.

Dr.Sivakumar, Professor and Head, Cotton Research Station, Veppanthattai  Exposure visit to be organised to CRS for farmers.  Awareness creation on spraying schedule in Cotton crop to be conducted.  To conduct OFT on ELS Cotton for Rainfed condition.  To be conduct FLD on summer Cotton CSV33.

ZJDAH, Department of Animal Husbandry, Ariyalur  Awareness programme/ Camp on fertility management in Dairy cow should be conducted.  To be submit on Fodder establishment project for district.  Promotion and Demonstration of Cowpea as intercrop in Cashew garden.  To develop different Native Chicken varieties around the district.

District Forest Officer, Ariyalur  Promotion of Wild animal Repellent through Extension literatures.

Assistant Director of Agriculture, T.Palur  To improve trails on Fall Army Worm in Maize.  To conduct Front Line Demonstrations on Cumbu and Ragi.  To introduction of alternate Paddy variety for CR1009 in Samba.

Assistant Director of Horticulture, Andimadam  Awareness programme on High Density Planting in Cashew.  Popularization of VRI 3 Cashew seedlings produced from Nursery in Andimadam area.

Mrs.Jothi, Inspector, Department of Sericulture  Awareness creation on Sericulture to farmers.

Inspector, Department of Fishery, Ariyalur  To popularize fish pond and composite fish culture.

99 Programme Co-ordinator, Kallakurichi, Villupuram district  Promotion of Dry and green fodder.  Programme should be conduct collaboration with TANUVAS and VUTRC.

District Development Manager, NABARD  New technologies disseminated through CAT programme.  Conducts skill training for Cashewnut nursery growers.  To register NAB skill portal and conduct agricultural related training programmes.  Awareness programme on Sericulture.

Lead Bank Development Manager, Ariyalur  To implement the doubling the Farmers Income.  To develop Food processing stores.

Mr.Selvam, Kilimangalam  To create Sub centre of Veterinary Clinics.  Promotion of Agro Forestry.  Promotion of Soil testing, Bio products, Soil Moisture Indicator and other new technologies to district farmers.

Mr.Durairaj, Puliyankuzhi  Promotion and introduction of mechanized Groundnut stripper.

Mr.Ashok Kumar, Karaivetti  Promotion of IFS farmers in Ariyalur district.  Awards given to successful farmers.

List of Scientific Advisory Committee Members 1 The Chairman, CREED - Chairman 2 The Director, ICAR-ATARI, Zone-X, Hyderabad - Member 3 The Director, Directorate of Extension Education, Tamil Nadu Agricultural - Member University, Coimbatore 4 The Director, Directorate of Extension Education, Tamil Nadu University of - Member Veterinary and Animal Science, Chennai 5 The Director, ICAR-National Research Centre for Banana, Thokamalai, Trichy - Member 6 The Professor and Head, Cotton Research Station, Veppanthattai, Perambalur - Member 7 The Director, Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai, Thanjavur Dt. - Member 8 The Professor and Head, Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam, Cuddalore Dt. - Member 9. The Associate Professor and Head, Veterinary University Training and Research - Member Centre, Perambalur 10 Joint Director of Agriculture, Dept. of Agriculture, Ariyalur District - Member 11 Joint Director of Animal Husbandry, Dept. of Animal Husbandry, Ariyalur Dt. - Member 12 Deputy Director of Horticulture, Dept. of Horticulture, Ariyalur District - Member 13 Executive Engineer, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Ariyalur Dt. - Member 14 Assistant Director of Sericulture, Department of Sericulture, Trichy - Member 15 Assistant Director of Fishery, Department of Fishery, Ariyalur - Member 16 District Forest Officer, Department of Forest, Ariyalur - Member 17 Project Officer, District Rural Development Agency, Ariyalur - Member 18 Project Officer, Mahalir Thittam, Ariyalur District - Member 19 Manager, LEAD Bank, State Bank of India, Ariyalur District - Member

100 20 The District Development Manager, NABARD, Perambalur - Member 21 The Director, SBI –RSETI, Ariyalur District - Member 22 Director, All India Radio, Trichy - Member 23 Director, All India Radio, Karaikal - Member 24 Secretary, RISE NGO, Varatharajenpettai - Member 25 General Manager, Ramco Cements, CSR Institute, Alathiyur, Ariyalur Dt. - Member 26 Mr.D.Durairaj, Jamin uthamalli, Chetti Street, Udayarpalayam Tk. Ariyalur - Member District – 6382973200 27 Mr.K.Ashok kumar, S/o.Kangadurai, Main Road, Karaivetti - Member Paradhur, Keelakavettankurichi PO, Thirumanur via, Ariyalur District 621715 28 Mrs.V.Vijaya, W/o.Vijayakumar, North street, Mallur, Varanavasi PO, Ariyalur - Member District 621 704 29 Mrs.M.Mariammal W/o.Muthaian, Elakurichi, Ariyalur District - Member 30 Mr.M.Selvam, 2/111, East street, Kilimangalam village, Ayanathur PO, - Member Sendurai Tk., Ariyalur District – 621705 31 Mrs.R.Tamil Selvi, W/o.Raja Chidambaram, Middle Street, Melakudiyiruppu, - Member Jayankondam – 621802 (Youth Club Member) 32 Mr.R.Asaithambi, Managing Director, FPO, Andimadam - Member 33 Dr.G. Alagukannan, Senior Scientist & Head, ICAR KVK (Hosted by CREED), - Member Cholamadevi, Ariyalur District. Secretary

101 Detailed Project Reports

1. Kisan Mela

ICAR – Krishi Vigyan Kendra (CREED) and Agricultural Department, Ariyalur jointly organized the “Kisan Mela” on 27.08.2019 at Rithanya Mahal, Ariyalur. The District Collector Dr.T.G.Vinay, IAS and Dr.V.Nadanasabapathy, Chairman, CREED KVK presided and inaugurated the function by lightening the lamp. Dr.G.Alagukannan, Senior Scientist and Head delivered welcome address. Dr.V.Nadanasabapathy, Chairman, CREED KVK honoured and felicitated the dignitaries. Mr.V.Krishnamoorthy, Joint Director of Agriculture, Ariyalur explained the objectives and importance of the Kisan Mela. The District Collector Dr.T.G.Vinay, IAS delivered presidential address and during his speech he said that farmers should go for different cropping pattern instead of following mono cropping to year round income. He also requested farmers to come forward to cultivate the drought tolerant varieties and to adopt the technologies suitable for rainfed cultivation to earn more income. He also expressed his expectation from farmers to adopt technologies for Fall Army Worm (FAW) management in Maize as an outcome of this Kisan Mela. An additional information on “Uzhavan App” and “e-Adangal App” has been given by Collector to avail adangal and technologies at door step. Two folders on “Fall Army Worm Management in Maize” and “Dryland Agricultural Technologies” were released by District Collector during Kisan Mela. Dr.V.Nadanasabapathy, Chairman, CREED KVK who requested farmers to follow scientific technologies to double the farmers income. Mr.R.Palanisamy, Deputy Director of Agriculture, Ariyalur delivered speech about FAW and various schemes of Agri department and ATMA. Mrs.Saranya, Assistant Director of Horticulture explained about various horticulture schemes and technologies to get more yield in Cashewnut cultivation. Mr.L.S.Naveenkumar, DDM, NABARD made his valuable presence in the function and explained various schemes to the farmers in NABARD. Technical session on Fall Army Worm management in Maize was handled by Dr.Chandrasekaran, Assistant Professor, Horticulture College and Research Institute, Trichy. Demonstration on FAW management viz., Installation of traps, Metarhizium spray, identification of moths were given by KVK Scientists Mr.M.Ashok Kumar, SMS (Plant Protection) and Mr.M.Thirumalaivasan, SMS (Agronomy) ADA’s, AO’s, BTM’s all the blocks are participated in this programme.

102 2. Skill training to rural youths given in BIPM and Goat rearing

CAR – KVK (Hosted by CREED) was established in the year 2009 in Cholamadevi Village, Ariyalur District with the financial assistance of ICAR, New Delhi. Mandatory activities are Conducting on-farm testing, organizing frontline demonstrations, organizing need based training of farmers, farm women and rural youth, creating awareness about improved technologies to larger masses through appropriate extension programmes, production and supply of good quality seeds and planting materials, livestock, poultry and fisheries breeds and products and various bio-products to the farming community. Function as resource and knowledge centre of agricultural technologies for improving the agricultural economy of the Ariyalur district. Our KVK received National Level Mahindra Krishi Vigyan Samman National award during 2019 and our host organization CREED received prestigious awards viz., Best Institution award by Government of Tamil Nadu in 2002, Rajiv Gandhi Manav Sewa award by Government of India during 2009, Rani Lady Meyyamai Aachi Memorial award for the year 2012 and UWA Effulgent Star of the Decade Award for the year 2012-13. Background of the project: The overall population of Ariyalur district is 7,54,894 in which youth contributes 37% and animal population is 7,97,000 in which goat population is 2,65,000 (Tellicherri, Boyer, Native breeds) with semi intensive production system. Most of the youth are graduated who are unemployed and foreign returned. The major problems faced by the rural youth are underemployment or unemployment, lack of knowledge and skill in agricultural and allied sectors which lead to be in very poor living conditions and also lead to migration. Poor resource base of rural youth and market linkages hinders them in adoption of agricultural activities. The aim of this Skilling programme is to help rural youth to retain them in agriculture and allied sectors. Scope / Need of the Proposed programme Ariyalur district comprises of six blocks viz., Ariyalur, Sendurai, T.Palur, Andimadam, Thirumanur and Jayankondam. Our Krishi Vigyan Kendra is working on mission mode to retain rural youth in agriculture by several ways. We have imparted skill trainings under Prime Ministers’ Koushal Vikas Yojna through National Skill Development Council, NewDelhi. Under this training programme 40 rural youth were already trained for 200 hours duration in 2016-17. The training areas were Poultry farming and Mushroom cultivation. They were linked with Banks to avail credit facilities and start their ventures. Likewise we are imparting regular vocational trainings programmes with the financial aid of Rural Self Employment Training Institute, Ariyalur, NABARD etc. Objectives  To build the capacity of 15 rural youth in Goat rearing.  To ensure them to start goat rearing business and to become agripreneurs.  To develop these 15 rural youths as Master Trainers and role model at Ariyalur district.  To link them with market facilities.

103 i. Staff Strength of the implementing agency Krishi Vigyan Kendra is a science based innovative institute funded by Indian Council of Agriculture Research, Government of India, New Delhi involved in promoting agriculture and other allied enterprises through various approaches of technology assessment, refinement and demonstration of technology. Technical experts from disciplines like Agronomy, Horticulture, Plant protection, Agri- Extension, Soil science, Home science and Animal science are available with the Kendra. Ministerial and supporting staffs are also available to facilitate the effecting conduct of training programs. ii. Infrastructure available/Raw material availability Krishi Vigyan Kendra has established integrated model farm with various demonstration unit namely shade net house, poly house, organic input, dairy unit, desi bird unit, Azolla unit, plant propagation unit, goat, production of organic inputs, organic crop production unit, organic fertigation tank, vermi composting unit, honeybee rearing unit, mushroom production unit, fish pond, drip and fertigation, pandal vegetable cultivation, High density planting, orchard, fodder bank, nursery, flower cultivation, micro irrigation techniques, pest management techniques for different crops, solar light trap and 50 acres organic farming. The building facilities include administrative building, staff quarters, trainee’s hostel, conference hall and training hall with well equipped audio, video & multimedia facilities and internet facilities.

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